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One cold winter day, a dog walked to the edge of an icy river in Poland. Nobody know for sure where the dog came from or what he was doing there. But he was about to have a big adventure.
Without warning, the ice that the dog was standing on broke away from the land. The dog was swept down the river on the sheet of ice half the size of football field. The frightened dog looked for a way to get back to the shore, but he was trapped on the ice. The river was too cold for him to swim to safety.
Some firefighters saw the dog drifting down the river as he passed through their city. They tried to help him, but they couldn’t reach him. The firefighters could only watched as the ice carried the dog farther down the river.
On the fourth day, the dog passed the mouth of the river and was swept out into the Baltic Sea. He had traveled more than 75 miles (120km) from where he began. he was moving farther away from land and any hope of rescue. The piece of ice he was standing on shrunk to the size of picnic table.
The dog was facing a deadly end to his an adventure, but his luck was about to change. some scientists and sailors aboard a research ship named the Baltica were passing through the area. They saw an animal moving on the ice in the distance and decide to ascertain.
At first, people on the ship thought the animal was a seal. They were amazed when they got closer and saw that the “seal” had four legs, floppy ears, and a tail. They had found a dog floating on the ice 15 Miles (24km) from land.
The Baltica’s sailors were able to bring their ship close to the dog. They lowered a net next to the dog, but he was too scared to climb into it. The dog even slipped and fell into the cold water while they were trying to help him. Luckily, he was able to climb back onto the slippery ice.
Fearing that the dog would drown, the crew lowered a raft. Adam, the ship’s mechanic, used the raft to get close to the dog. Adam grabbed the dog by the back of the neck and pulled him into the raft.
Now, Baltic is the mascot(吉祥物) of the research ship that found him and travels with the crew everywhere. He has many fans around the world who learned about his incredible journey and rescue. The president of Poland even wrote a letter to the crew of the ship, praising them for saving Baltic’s life. Baltic started out cold, wet, and alone on the ice but ended up warm, dry, and surrounded by new friends.
1．What is the main problem in this story
A．The dog slipped into the water.
B．The dog was trapped on a piece of floating ice.
C．The dog had nothing to eat for days.
D．The river was too cold for the dog to swim in.
2．How do you understand the underlined word in paragraph 5
A．Do some research B．Solve a problem
C．Rescue someone D．Try to find out more about it
3．What can best describe the dog
A．Adventurous and Lucky B．Brave and Persistent
C．Homeless and Brave D．Scared and Fortunate
4．What can be the best title of the article
A．A 15-mile Icy Adventure. B．Baltic Rescue
C．An Adventurous Dog D．An Incredible Journey
Millions of people now get their news online. But with so much online content to consume and so little time to consume it, editors at news department know that writing “catchy” headlines is more important than ever. So, what makes a headline catchy A new study published in Nature Human Behaviour found that negative emotion words in headlines made it more likely that consumers would click through and read the story. In contrast, positive emotion words decreased click rates.
The idea that people are more attentive to negative things is not a new one. Journalists have always had this intuition (直觉) and psychology studies have backed it up. People dislike losses more than they like gains, and they overweigh negative information in many contexts. Even infants pay more attention to negative stimuli. This negativity bias (偏见) makes some sense from an evolutionary perspective: If you miss out on an opportunity to search for some delicious berries, you will be sad... but if you accidentally eat a poison mushroom, you will be dead.
Why the dataset analyzed by Robertson and colleagues is so special First of all, it is data on the number of clicks in response to more than 105,000 headlines on the news site Upworthy. Therefore, these are real decisions being made by real people. Moreover, Upworthy often tested out different headlines for the same exact story, so they essentially ran experiments on their users.
Not only does this paper tell us more about the factors that influence online news consumption, but it also showcases the nuanced (细微的) ways in which emotion influences decision-making. The researchers found that words about sadness increased click-through rates, but words about fear actually decreased them, and anger words had no significant effect. Now, we don’t know if people were actually feeling those emotions when they read the headlines, so we will need more studies to explore these effects further. However, given that different unconnected emotions might be associated with different assessments of one’s current situation, it makes sense that not all negative emotions would have the same effects on behavior. For example, previous research has shown that people are more optimistic and risk-seeking when they are angry, but they are more pessimistic and risk-averse (风险厌恶) when they are afraid.
5．Which of the following is a main finding of the study discussed in the article
A．In the news reports, compared with positive emotion words, negative emotion words are more likely to catch the readers’ eyes.
B．Infants pay more attention to negative stimuli than positive stimuli.
C．People tend to share more news content if it makes them angry.
D．Different unconnected emotions have the same downstream effects on behavior.
6．According to the article, what is the “negativity bias”
A．The idea that people tend to engage more with negative news content online.
B．The idea that people dislike losses more than they like gains.
C．The idea that journalists prefer negative news stories.
D．The idea that infants pay more attention to negative stimuli.
7．Why is the dataset analyzed by Robertson and colleagues considered special
A．Because it is data on the number of shares of news content that makes people angry.
B．Because it is data on the number of positive and negative words used in headlines.
C．Because it is data on the number of people who read news stories online.
D．Because the data collected are based on real responses of users of the news site.
8．According to the research, which of the following is true
A．All kinds of words about emotions didn’t have significant influence on click-through rates.
B．Words about fear had the same effect on click-through rates as that of other words about emotions.
C．Different negative emotions have the same effects on behavior in different periods.
D．It is confirmed that when people read the headlines, they were actually feeling those negative emotions .
The Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)confirmed on Monday that a Boeing 737 passenger plane with 132 aboard crashed in China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The CAAC has activated an emergency mechanism and sent a working group to the scene.
The crash site of the Chinese passenger plane was located at Molang Village, Langnan Town in Tengxian County, Wuzhou City in south China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, according to the local emergency department.
The Wuzhou City Fire Rescue Detachment immediately dispatched 23 fire trucks and 117 fire rescue personnel to the site. The Guangxi Fire Rescue Corps launched an emergency plan and reinforced 538 fire rescue personnel from nearby detachments for further help.
The forest fire bureau has deployed 450 firefighters stationed in Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, and Guilin in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region to the scene.
China Eastern Airlines has grounded all Boeing 737-800 aircraft after the crash, company officials said.
Rescuers are making all-out efforts to retrieve (检索、找回) the black boxes of a passenger plane with 132 people aboard that crashed in South China’s Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region Monday afternoon, an official with the Civil Aviation Administration of China said Tuesday night.
The plane was severely damaged and the investigation is very difficult, Zhu Tao, head of CAAC aviation safety office, told a press briefing.
At present, the investigation team is carrying out a full search in accordance with the procedures, with rescuers exploring the crash site and going all out to search the black boxes, Zhu said.
The team is also thoroughly investigating other aspects, including flight, maintenance, air traffic control, meteorology (气象学), aircraft design and manufacturing, Zhu said.
Based on known information, the authorities do not yet have a clear clue to the cause of the passenger plane crash, the official said.
9．Which of the following is NOT the measures taken by the local authority after the plane crashed
A．The Guangxi Fire Rescue Corps launched an emergency plan.
B．The Guangxi Fire Rescue Corps reinforced 538 fire rescue personnel from nearby detachments for further help.
C．The forest fire bureau has deployed 450 firefighters stationed in Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, and Guilin in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region to the scene.
D．The CAAC has activated an emergency mechanism and sent a working group to the scene.
10．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 5 mean
A．Protest. B．Stop. C．Donate. D．Locate.
11．What can we infer from this passage
A．There were altogether 655 fire rescue personnel to provide help.
B．Rescuers have retrieved the black boxes.
C．Meteorology, maintenance, flight and air traffic control is the key factor that leads to the crash.
D．The clue of the cause has yet to be found.
12．Which type of passage is this article taken from
A．A newspaper. B．A textbook. C．A science magazine. D．A biological journal.
Qing ming Festival, or Tomb-Sweeping Day, is a traditional festival where Chinese pay respects to their ancestors and the dead. People in different regions of the country consume different foods on the day according to local customs. From green rice balls and omelets (煎蛋饼) to fried dough twists and pancakes, here are some traditional foods people eat on the special day.
Qingtuan, or green rice balls, are widely consumed in China’s Jiangnan area — the region south of the Yangtze River — around Qingming Festival. The seasonal delicious food is usually made from glutinous rice (糯米) mixed with pounded mugwort — an eatable wild herb thought to prevent toxic insect bites.
In both northern and southern China, it is an age-old tradition to eat sanzi, or fried dough twists, on Tomb-Sweeping Day. However, the sanzi in North and South China are different from each other in terms of size and material. Northern people prefer larger ones made from wheat, while people in the South enjoy smaller ones made from rice.
Thin pancakes are a popular food for people in Xiamen in Southeast China’s Fujian province on Tomb-Sweeping Day. To make it tastier, they usually add dried seaweed, omelet, vegetables and chili sauce to the pancakes.
In Qingdao in East China’s Shandong province, people eat spring onion and omelet on the day. They believe the special combination makes eyes brighter. In ancient times, pupils often sent eggs to their teachers to show respect on the day.
In many places in Southeast China’s Fujian province, people thought eating steamed rice with leaf mustard (芥菜) on Tomb-Sweeping Day could help prevent scabies and other skin diseases for the whole year.
The steamed bun is named after Jie Zitui, a famous hermit of the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476BC). People in Shanxi province have a tradition of eating the bun on Tomb-Sweeping Day. Colorful dough animals and flowers are frequent decorations, while eggs and jujubes (红枣) are added inside to increase sweetness.
13．What’s special about sanzi
A．People in South China prefer sanzi made from wheat.
B．People in North China prefer smaller size of sanzi
C．It is only accessible on Tomb-Sweeping Day.
D．The sanzi varies in different places.
14．Why do people in Qingdao eat spring onion and omelet on Tomb-Sweeping Day
A．To help improve eyesight B．To show respect to ancestors
C．To exchange eggs with teachers D．To make the omelet tastier
15．What is added to the steamed bun to make it look better
A．Colorful flowers B．Dough animals C．Dough eggs D．Jujubes
16．What do Qingtuan and steamed rice with leaf mustard have in common
A．They are both made from glutinous rice. B．They are believed to be beneficial to health.
C．They are both popular around China. D．They have the same eatable herbs in them.
Young readers and their parents from around the world are benefiting from the website Life Tree Books. Eleven original works by China on the fight against COVID-19 were translated into 13 languages, including Japanese, French and Russian, are available for readers to enjoy, all free of charge. Here are some of our recommendations.
Ten Tips to Fight Monsters
Dad leaves 10 tips to help us fight the virus. Who will win the battle The story will gently teach children how to prevent the disease in a language that they can easily understand. It will help kids remain calm, and encourage them to help family members to prevent the disease.
Waiting for Dad to Come Home
The book shows respect for the front line medical workers for their fighting spirit in battle against COVID-19 who are heroes with strong sense of social responsibility, describing the familial affection and love supporting them.
Agan Will Win
Agan Will Win is a story about how Agan, Wuhan’s well-known street food, hot dry noodles, personified as the character, fights against the virus and finally wins. Unfortunately infected with the virus, Agan remains positive, optimistic and at last he defeats the cunning virus.
There is Nothing Much More Than the Virus That Wears a Crown
This book is designed in the form of Q&As to address some possible COVID-19-related psychological problems of children, with a view to helping them learn to cope with such problems while enjoying themselves in reading.
17．Which book deals with children’s psychological problems
A．Agan Will Win
B．Ten Tips to Fight Monsters
C．Waiting for Dad to Come Home
D．There is Nothing Much More Than the Virus That Wears a Crown
18．What is special about the book Waiting for Dad to Come Home
A．It is a comic book consisting of a series of stories.
B．Its languages can be easily understood by children.
C．It reflects the love of the family in the face of the epidemic.
D．It is available in three languages and can be enjoyed for free.
19．What do the four books have in common
A．They guide children how to prevent COVID-19.
B．They are intended for young readers and parents.
C．They call on children to fight COVID-19 bravely.
D．They are involved in the battle against COVID-19.
Plenty of days, temperatures in California’s Mojave Desert climb above 120 degrees Fahrenheit. 400 silvered glass panels, fixed into the western edge of that hot desert, are there to generate heat 15 times that amount. And, ideally, to help cool the planet too.
Made by the Pasadena-based company Heliogen, each 16-square-foot heliostat (定日镜) reflects a kilowatt of sunlight to the top of a five-story tower, where it’s absorbed by a receiver. As the little black heliostat burns white, it is over 1,800 degrees. That’s hot enough to begin manufacturing cement (水泥) and other industrial products—processes that typically rely on burning fossil fuels—and to potentially cut up to 10 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions.
Heliogen CEO Bill Gross has dreamed of taking advantage of the sun since the 1973 energy crisis, when he sold DIY solar panels. Those sales helped put him through college. Last fall, the company fired up this first array (阵列). “It was a bit like watching a moon landing,” Gross says.
Similar arrays have been used to make electricity and tasty SunChips, and even drill for oil. But those peak around 1,000 degrees, because each heliostat has to be individually adjusted and can fall out of rank over time. With Heliogen, cameras at the top of the tower scan the sky, and image analysis software figures out the best position for each mirror, which can circle in less than 1/160 of a degree. Gross says such efficiency can deliver heat 20 percent more cheaply than fossil fuels can.
As proof of concept, Heliogen has set up a kiln (炉) at the top of the tower to directly heat limestone, a key step in making cement. This year the company plans to link with commercial partners that have the large shadowless land required. Gross is also building a receiver that can handle temperatures above 2,700 degrees. That kind of strong fire can create synthetic hydrogen (合成氢), which could replace oil-based fuels. “Civilization depends on cement and steel—our roads, travel, everything,” Gross says. “We’ve found a way to clean it up.”
20．What is the characteristic of Heliogen’s heliostat
A．It can work around the clock in hot desert.
B．It consists of over 400 silvered glass panels.
C．Its temperature can reach over 2,700 degrees.
D．It relies on a receiver to make industrial products.
21．How does Heliogen’s heliostat take effect
A．It always circles around the sun precisely.
B．It reduces much greenhouse gas emissions.
C．It replaces nuclear fuel in the industrial field.
D．It burns itself to generate synthetic hydrogen.
22．What can we learn from Heliogen CEO Bill Gross
A．He was excited about what his company has achieved.
B．He made a breakthrough in manufacturing cement last fall.
C．He had no related knowledge before the company establishment.
D．He promoted the cooperation with other partners in solar energy.
23．What does the last sentence “We’ve found a way to clean it up.” mean
A．The solar energy application to producing products is a promising reform.
B．We should remove the traditional ways of manufacturing cement and steel.
C．More cement and steel should be produced to create advanced civilization.
D．People need to use oil-based fuels to make more civilization-related products.
High School Studio Workshops
Single museum visit, 2.5 hours
Grades 9–12
These half-day art workshops include an in-depth examination and discussion of works of art in the galleries, followed by behind-the-scenes access to the Education Studio, where students create a related art project.
During the workshop, National Gallery of Art educators will encourage students to look carefully at works of art and then share their responses and develop theories based on their observations.
Students will have the opportunity to create a work of art in the studio inspired by what they have seen in the galleries.
Museum Makers: Exploring Art and Museums
Grades 11–12
The Museum Makers program explains how museums operate and what they have to offer. It gives upper-level high school students the tools to experience, understand and interpret art. Participants will gain an insider’s view of how an art museum works.
Students meet for seven Saturday sessions from 10:00 am to 3:00 pletion of the program requires attendance of all seven sessions.
Creative Writing in the Galleries
Grades 7–12, 90 minutes
Students will provide a voice for their personal responses to art through creative writing while looking at a selection of artworks in the galleries. Using close observation, group discussion, and personal reflection, they will be guided through exercises that use different writing forms, including free-form poetry.
A maximum of 30 students (minimum of 15) will be accommodated (容纳) at each session.
24．What can students do during High School Studio Workshops
A．They can experience the scenic access in the Education Studio.
B．They can be offered the opportunity to an art entrance examination.
C．They can express their opinions and develop their observation abilities.
D．They can create an artwork related to what has been seen in the galleries.
25．What do the three activities have in common
A．They limit the number of visitors. B．They are suitable for a 12th grader.
C．They let visitors make handicrafts. D．They last a morning or an afternoon.
26．Where might this article be chosen
A．A travel journal. B．A research report.
C．An art magazine. D．A teaching design.
Brilliant Ways to Deliver Secret Messages
Many effective ways are used now to deliver secret messages. But in the past when the science and technology was not developing, especially during the war, how did people send secret and important messages
Shoelaces
In the 1950s, the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency created a book of tips to teach spies ways to communicate in public. One tip: Lace up your shoes. Tied one way, the laces might mean “I have information”: tied another, “Follow me”. The spies could communicate while everyone else probably thought, “That guy can’t tie his shoes correctly!”
Tattooed(刺文身) Head
Around 513 B．C．, Histiaeus was forced out as the ruler of an ancient city. So he wanted to send a message to his supporters: Rebel against the king who took away his power.
Histiaeus called in a slave, shaved his head and tattooed the message onto the man’s skin on the top of head. After the slave’s hair grew back, he travelled to Greece with orders to shave his head again. Message received!
Orange Juice
In 1597, John Gerard was imprisoned in the Tower of London in England. He asked the prison guard to let him send letters written in charcoal(木炭). But then he wrote another message on top using the juice from an orange-which was only visible when the juice was dry and the page heated. With his invisible ink, he escaped successfully.
Songs
In the 1800s, African American slaves couldn’t talk openly about their plans to escape to freedom- so they secretly sang about it.
Swing Low, Sweet Chariot might sound like a religious song. But for slaves, the “sweet chariot” was the code for the Underground Railroad, the network of people who helped slaves head to northern states and Canada. The song Wade in the Water warned escaped slaves to get in the water so dogs wouldn’t smell them. With these songs, hundreds of people escaped slavery.
27．Which way is connected with the spies
A．Shoelaces. B．Tattooed Head. C．Orange Juice. D．Songs.
28．How did John Gerard send the secret message
A．By lacing up his shoes in one way.
B．By tattooing the message on the head.
C．By using letters written with orange juice.
D．By singing a religious song to the prisoners.
29．What do the listed ways have in common
A．They set a lot of prisoners free.
B．They enabled the slaves to escape.
C．They helped send secret messages.
D．They made people against the king.
China’s women’s basketball team was beaten by the United States in the final of the FIBA World Cup in Sydney. The silver medals that the Chinese were left with still represented their country’s best finish in the global showpiece in 28 years. Not since 1994 – in a tournament (锦标赛) held, like this one, in Australia – had they won a medal of any colour.
At the World Cup, China played a total of eight matches, winning six of them. They entered the final of a major international competition for the first time in almost three decades, before losing to defending champions the United States to finish runners-up for the second time in history.
China’s performance at the tournament received much attention from Chinese people both at home and abroad, especially as the final fell on the country’s National Day. Chinese flags were waved and the national anthem (国歌) was sung in the stadium, giving people a feeling that the team was playing on their home court.
Although losing the game, the team was met with praise and encouragement from Chinese netizens as people have walked away from a “medal-oriented” mentality, and started to accept more the spirit of sportsmanship and “perform your best” spirit. Many Chinese netizens said they were proud of the players for trying their best and fighting until the last minutes which showed the true sportsmanship. The mental strength and quality of the Chinese women’s basketball team are even more valuable than being the runner-up in the World Cup, they said. The Chinese women’s basketball team is already the champion in our hearts, commented an internet user.
“We should admit the gap in the strength between the two teams. However, the women basketball players have presented an exciting game, playing good defense and never hesitating to attack. I am so proud of them, and it is special our National Day.” said one Weibo user.
30．What makes this final most impressive
A．Winning the six matches as a whole.
B．Entering the final competition of all time.
C．Meeting with our country’s National Day.
D．Receiving much attention home and abroad.
31．How do Chinese netizens feel about China’s winning silver medals
A．Surprised and upset. B．Excited and inspired.
C．Annoyed and grateful. D．Encouraged and curious.
32．Why do people feel that the team was playing on the home court
A．The team won the silver medals after 28 years.
B．The match received amounts of attention globally.
C．China’s women’s basketball team entered the final.
D．Chinese flags and anthem sprang up in the stadium.
33．What is the best title for the text
A．Our country’s National Day. B．Our gratitude to the coach.
C．The FIBA World Cup history. D．A special gift for the National Day.
More than 215 pilot whales died after beaching themselves on the Chatham Islands over the weekend. The pilot whales started to become stranded (搁浅的) on the remote islands’ northwest last Friday, according to the Department of Conservation (DoC).
Because of the isolation of the Chatham Islands and an active shark population, it is considered too dangerous to actively refloat stranded whales. Unless they are naturally refloated by the tides, all of them will die.
“We do not actively refloat whales on the Chatham Islands due to the risk of shark attack to both humans and the whales themselves,” DoC said in a statement.
“All the stranded pilot whales are now dead and their bodies will be left to decompose naturally on site.”
A department team was being organized in response to the latest stranding. They will probably be tasked with euthanising (使安乐死) whales that remain stranded.
The Chatham Islands, 840km east of mainland New Zealand, and a resident population of less than 800 people, are “a stranding hotspot, among the top three places for strandings in New Zealand”, according to the conservation department. The islands are the site of the biggest recorded stranding in New Zealand history – an estimated 1,000 pilot whales in 1918.
Pilot whales — which can grow to more than six metres (20 feet) long — are also highly sociable, so they may follow podmates (同伴) who fall into danger.
In New Zealand, about 300 animals beach themselves annually, according to official figures, and it is not unusual for groups of between 20 and 50 pilot whales to run aground.
Why these strandings occurred – and also why they sometimes met with similar strandings in southern Australia – remained a largely unanswered question.
34．Which of the following blocks the refloating work
A．The shark attack. B．The department team.
C．The climate there. D．The power of the tides.
35．What does the underlined word “decompose” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Settle down. B．Break down. C．Deal with. D．End with.
36．What do we know about this stranding
A．The reason still remains a mystery.
B．It is the biggest stranding of all time.
C．Most whales are refloated by the tides.
D．All the stranded whales are euthanized.
37．What is the text
A．A rescue story. B．A news report.
C．A book review. D．A research article.
参考答案：
1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了一只狗在一块冰上，随着河流飘动，最后到达海洋的奇幻旅行，幸运地是，狗最终被一群科学家和水手们营救的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Without warning, the ice that the dog was standing on broke away from the land. The dog was swept down the river on the sheet of ice half the size of football field. The frightened dog looked for a way to get back to the shore, but he was trapped on the ice.(在没有任何警告的情况下，这只狗所站的冰脱离了陆地。这只狗被冲下了河，冰块的大小只有人行步道的一半，这只受惊的狗想办法回到岸边，但被困在了冰上。)”可知，这个故事主要的问题就是，这只狗被困在了一块漂浮的冰上，故选B。
2．词义猜测题。根据文章第五段中划线词ascertain的前文“some scientists and sailors aboard a research ship named the Baltica were passing through the area. They saw an animal moving on the ice in the distance(一些科学家和水手正乘坐一艘名叫Baltica的研究船经过该地区。他们看到一只动物在远处的冰上移动，于是决定……)”及后文“At first, people on the ship thought the animal was a seal.(起初，船上的人以为这只动物是一只海豹。)”可知，前文提到科学家和水手们看到远处有一只动物在冰上移动，后文又提到他们起初以为是一只海豹，故可推知，此处的ascertain意为“确定”，故与D项“努力了解更多”意思相近，故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The frightened dog looked for a way to get back to the shore, but he was trapped on the ice.(这只受惊的狗想办法回到岸边，却被困在了边上。)”可推知，这只狗是“scared感到害怕的，受惊的”；再根据文章最后一段“Now, Baltic is the mascot(吉祥物) of the research ship that found him and travels with the crew everywhere. (现在，Baltic是研究船的吉祥物，并跟着这些船上的组员到处旅行。)”可知，Baltic是“fortunate幸运的”，它被船员们救下了，并跟着他们到处旅行，故选D。
4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“One cold winter day, a dog walked to the edge of an icy river in Poland. Nobody know for sure where the dog came from or what he was doing there. But he was about to have a big adventure.(在一个冬天的一天，一只狗走到了波兰的一条冰河的边缘。没有人知道这只狗来自哪里，也不知道它在做什么。但是它即将开启自己的一段大冒险。)”和倒数第三段“They had found a dog floating on the ice 15 Miles (24km) from land.(他们发现一只狗漂浮在里陆地15英里的冰上。)”可知，本文主要讲述了一只狗在一块漂浮的冰上进行的一次大冒险的旅行的故事，故A项“一段长达15英里的冰上冒险”符合文章标题，故填A。
5．A 6．B 7．D 8．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究表明标题含有负面词汇会让人们更可能浏览以提升点击量，文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及发现。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study published in Nature Human Behaviour found that negative emotion words in headlines made it more likely that consumers would click through and read the story. In contrast, positive emotion words decreased click rates.(发表在《自然人类行为》杂志上的一项新研究发现，标题中的负面情绪词语更有可能让消费者点击阅读新闻。相比之下，积极情绪词汇则降低了点击率)”可知，研究的主要发现是在新闻报道中，与积极情绪词汇相比，消极情绪词汇更容易抓住读者的眼球。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段“People dislike losses more than they like gains, and they overweigh negative information in many contexts.(人们更不喜欢失去，而不是获得，在很多情况下，他们会高估负面信息)”可知，本文将“消极偏见”描述为人们不喜欢损失而喜欢收获，并且在许多情况下过度夸大负面信息。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据第三段“Why the dataset analyzed by Robertson and colleagues is so special First of all, it is data on the number of clicks in response to more than 105,000 headlines on the news site Upworthy. Therefore, these are real decisions being made by real people.(为什么罗伯逊及其同事分析的数据集如此特别？首先，它是新闻网站Upworthy上超过10.5万个标题的点击率数据。因此，这些都是真实的人做出的真实的决定)”可知，Robertson及其同事分析的数据集被认为是特殊的是因为收集的数据是基于新闻网站用户的真实反应。故选D。
8．细节理解题。根据第四段“The researchers found that words about sadness increased click-through rates, but words about fear actually decreased them, and anger words had no significant effect.(研究人员发现，关于悲伤的词语增加了点击率，但关于恐惧的词语实际上降低了点击率，而愤怒的词语没有显著的影响)”可知，A选项“所有关于情绪的词语对点击率都没有显著影响”正确。故选A。
9．D 10．B 11．D 12．A
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要是对东航坠机事件发生之后的情况进行了一系列的相关报道。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段“The Wuzhou City Fire Rescue Detachment immediately dispatched 23 fire trucks and 117 fire rescue personnel to the site. The Guangxi Fire Rescue Corps launched an emergency plan and reinforced 538 fire rescue personnel from nearby detachments for further help.(梧州市消防救援支队立即派出23辆消防车和117名消防救援人员赶赴现场。广西消防救援总队启动应急预案，从附近支队调集538名消防救援人员进行进一步救援)”以及第四段“The forest fire bureau has deployed 450 firefighters stationed in Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, and Guilin in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region to the scene.(森林消防局已经部署了450名消防员驻扎在广东省肇庆和广西壮族自治区桂林)”可知，D选项“中国民航局已启动应急机制，并派出工作组赶赴现场”不是措施。故选D。
10．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“all Boeing 737-800 aircraft after the crash, company officials said”可知，东方航空公司在坠机事件发生之后，应该是停止了波音737-800机型的飞行。由此推知，划线词意思是“停止”。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Based on known information, the authorities do not yet have a clear clue to the cause of the passenger plane crash, the official said.(这位官员说，根据已知的信息，当局尚未对客机坠毁的原因有明确的线索)”可推知，官方到目前为止还未找到任何的线索。故选D。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“The Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)confirmed on Monday that a Boeing 737 passenger plane with 132 aboard crashed in China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The CAAC has activated an emergency mechanism and sent a working group to the scene.(中国民用航空局周一证实，一架载有132人的波音737客机在中国广西壮族自治区坠毁。中国民航局已经启动了应急机制，并派出了一个工作组前往现场)”结合文章主要是对东航坠机事件发生之后的情况进行了一系列的相关报道。由此推知，这篇文章摘自一篇新闻报道。故选A。
13．D 14．A 15．B 16．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些清明节传统美食。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“However, the sanzi in North and South China are different from each other in terms of size and material.(然而，华北和华南的馓子在大小和材料上都有所不同)”可知，馓子在中国南方和北方尺寸和所用原材料均不相同。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“They believe the special combination makes eyes brighter.(他们相信这种特殊的组合会让眼睛更明亮)”可知，青岛人在清明节吃大葱和蛋饼，是因为他们相信这两种食物可以使眼睛更明亮，即可以改善视力。故选A。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Colorful dough animals and flowers are frequent decorations, while eggs and jujubes (红枣) are added inside to increase sweetness.(五颜六色的面团动物和花朵是常见的装饰，而鸡蛋和红枣加入里面增加甜味)”可知，五彩缤纷的面团动物和面团花式是用来让子推馍更漂亮的装饰。故选B。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段“The seasonal delicious food is usually made from glutinous rice (糯米) mixed with pounded mugwort — an eatable wild herb thought to prevent toxic insect bites.(这种时令美味的食物通常是由糯米和捣碎的艾草制成的——艾草是一种可食用的野生草药，被认为可以防止有毒的昆虫叮咬)”以及倒数第二段的“In many places in Southeast China’s Fujian province, people thought eating steamed rice with leaf mustard (芥菜) on Tomb-Sweeping Day could help prevent scabies and other skin diseases for the whole year.(在中国东南部福建省的许多地方，人们认为在清明节吃芥菜蒸米饭可以帮助一整年预防疥疮和其他皮肤病)”可知，人们认为青团和芥菜都对健康有好处。故选B。
17．D 18．C 19．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要推荐了 Life Tree Books网站上提供的以与新冠肺炎斗争为主题的四本原创书籍。
17．细节理解题。根据最后一段“This book is designed in the form of Q&As to address some possible COVID-19-related psychological problems of children, with a view to helping them learn to cope with such problems while enjoying themselves in reading.(本书以问答的形式，针对儿童可能出现的一些与新冠肺炎相关的心理问题，帮助他们在享受阅读的同时学会应对这些问题)”可知，There is Nothing Much More Than the Virus That Wears a Crown是关于立儿童心理问题的。故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据Waiting for Dad to Come Home部分中“The book shows respect for the front line medical workers for their fighting spirit in battle against COVID-19 who are heroes with strong sense of social responsibility, describing the familial affection and love supporting them.(这本书表达了对一线医务人员在抗击新冠病毒的战斗中具有强烈社会责任感的英雄精神的敬意，描述了支持他们的亲情和爱)”可知，Waiting for Dad to Come Home的特别之处在于体现了面对疫情的亲情。故选C。
19．细节理解题。根据第一段“Eleven original works by China on the fight against COVID-19 were translated into 13 languages, including Japanese, French and Russian, are available for readers to enjoy, all free of charge. Here are some of our recommendations.(11部关于抗击新冠肺炎的中国原创作品被翻译成日语、法语、俄语等13种语言，供读者免费阅读。以下是我们的一些推荐)”可知，四本书的共同之处是涉及抗击COVID-19的斗争。故选D。
20．D 21．B 22．A 23．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Heliogen公司在加利福尼亚的莫哈韦沙漠建立的太阳能列阵以及利用其产生的能源制造产品的生产方式。
20．细节理解题。根据第二自然段“Made by the Pasadena-based company Heliogen, each 16-square-foot heliostat (定日镜) reflects a kilowatt of sunlight to the top of a five-story tower, where it’s absorbed by a receiver. As the little black heliostat burns white, it is over 1,800 degrees. (由总部位于帕萨迪纳的Heliogen公司制造，每个16平方英尺的定日镜将一千瓦的阳光反射到一座五层楼的塔顶，在那里被接收器吸收。当黑色的小定日镜燃烧成白色时，温度超过了1800度。)”可知，定日镜需要借助于一个接收器来收集能量，从而制造产品。故选D项。
21．细节理解题。根据第二自然段最后一句话“That’s hot enough to begin manufacturing cement (水泥) and other industrial products—processes that typically rely on burning fossil fuels—and to potentially cut up to 10 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions. (这已经足够热了，可以开始制造水泥和其他通常依赖燃烧化石燃料的工业产品，并有可能减少高达10%的全球温室气体排放。)”可知，Heliogen的定日镜有可能减少高达10%的全球温室气体排放。故选B项。
22．推理判断题。根据第三自然段的最后一句话““It was a bit like watching a moon landing,” Gross says. (Gross说：“这有点像观看登月。”)”可知，Gross对公司取得的成绩感到兴奋。故选A项。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段““Civilization depends on cement and steel—our roads, travel, everything,” Gross says. “We’ve found a way to clean it up.” (Gross说：“文明取决于水泥和钢铁——我们的道路、旅行和一切。”“我们已经找到了清理的方法。”)”可知，“We’ve found a way to clean it up.”意味着将太阳能应用于生产产品是一项很有前途的改革。故选A项。
24．D 25．B 26．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个国家艺术馆的课程情况。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据High School Studio Workshops部分“Students will have the opportunity to create a work of art in the studio inspired by what they have seen in the galleries.(学生们将有机会在工作室里创作一件艺术作品，灵感来自他们在画廊里看到的东西。) ”可知学生们可以创作与在画廊里看到的东西相关的艺术品。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。细节理解题。根据High School Studio WorkshopsSingle museum visit部分“Single museum visit, 2.5 hours Grades 9–12(单次参观博物馆，9-12年级2.5小时)”；Museum Makers: Exploring Art and Museums部分“Grades 11–12(11-12年级)”以及Creative Writing in the Galleries部分“Grades 7–12, 90 minutes(7-12年级，90分钟)”可知，这三种活动的共同之处是都适合12年级学生。故选B项。
3.推理判断题。根据High School Studio Workshops部分“These half-day art workshops include an in-depth examination and discussion of works of art in the galleries, followed by a behind-the-scenes visit to the Education Studio, where students create a related art project.(这些半天的艺术工作坊包括对画廊中的艺术作品的深入研究和讨论，然后是对教育工作室的幕后访问，在那里学生们创建一个相关的艺术项目)”；Museum Makers: Exploring Art and Museums部分“It gives upper-level high school students the tools to experience, understand and explain art.(它为高中高年级学生提供了体验、理解和解释艺术的工具)”以及Creative Writing in the Galleries部分“Students will provide a voice for their personal responses to art through creative writing while looking at a selection of artworks in the galleries. (学生们将通过创意写作来表达他们对艺术的个人反应，同时在画廊里观看精选的艺术品)”可知文章主要介绍了与艺术相关的项目情况，所以文章选自艺术杂志。故选C项。
27．A 28．C 29．C
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了在过去科技不发达的情况下传递秘密信息的几个绝妙方法。
27．细节理解题。根据Shoelaces部分的“In the 1950s, the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency created a book of tips to teach spies ways to communicate in public. One tip: Lace up your shoes.(在20世纪50年代，美国中央情报局编写了一本技巧手册，教间谍如何在公共场合进行交流。一个建议:系好鞋带。)”可知，系鞋带与间谍有关。故选A。
28．推理判断题。根据Orange Juice部分的“In 1597, John Gerard was imprisoned in the Tower of London in England. He asked the prison guard to let him send letters written in charcoal(木炭). But then he wrote another message on top using the juice from an orange-which was only visible when the juice was dry and the page heated. With his invisible ink, he escaped successfully.(1597年，约翰·杰勒德被囚禁在英国的伦敦塔。他请求监狱看守让他寄炭笔写的信。但随后他用橙汁在上面写了另一个信息——只有当橙汁干燥、纸张加热时才能看到。凭借隐形墨水，他成功地逃脱了。)”可知，约翰·杰勒德使用橙汁写信发送了秘密信息，最终成功的逃脱。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据第一段的“But in the past when the science and technology was not developing, especially during the war, how did people send secret and important messages (但是在过去，当科学技术不发达的时候，特别是在战争期间，人们是如何发送秘密和重要的信息的 )”以及下文的介绍可知，所列出的这些方法都是有助于发送秘密信息的。故选C。
30．C 31．B 32．D 33．D
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国女篮赢得了世界杯银牌，恰逢中国的国庆节，给国庆献上了一份特别的礼物，使得这次比赛更令人印象深刻。
30．细节理解题。根据第三段的“China’s performance at the tournament received much attention from Chinese people both at home and abroad, especially as the final fell on the country’s National Day.(中国队在比赛中的表现受到了国内外中国人的广泛关注，尤其是在决赛恰逢国庆节的时候。)”可知，这次决赛令人印象深刻是因为恰逢我们的国庆节。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Although losing the game, the team was met with praise and encouragement from Chinese netizens as people have walked away from a “medal-oriented” mentality, and started to accept more the spirit of sportsmanship and “perform your best” spirit. Many Chinese netizens said they were proud of the players for trying their best and fighting until the last minutes which showed the true sportsmanship. The mental strength and quality of the Chinese women’s basketball team are even more valuable than being the runner-up in the World Cup, they said. The Chinese women’s basketball team is already the champion in our hearts, commented an internet user.( 虽然输掉了比赛，但这支队伍受到了中国网民的赞扬和鼓励，因为人们已经摆脱了“以奖牌为导向”的心态，开始更多地接受体育精神和“做到最好”的精神。许多中国网民表示，他们为运动员们竭尽全力、战斗到最后一刻而感到骄傲，这体现了真正的体育精神。他们说，中国女篮的精神力量和素质比获得世界杯亚军更有价值。中国女篮已经是我们心中的冠军，一位网友评论道。)”可知，对于中国队赢得银牌中国网民感到骄傲，给予了赞扬和鼓励，认为这体现了真正的体育精神，因此推断他们是激动的，感到受鼓舞的。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Chinese flags were waved and the national anthem(国歌) was sung in the stadium, giving people a feeling that the team was playing on their home court.(体育场里挥舞着中国国旗，唱着中国国歌，给人一种球队在自己的主场比赛的感觉。)”可知，中国国旗和国歌在体育场里出现让人们感觉像在自己的主场比赛。故选D。
33．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“China’s women’s basketball team was beaten by the United States in the final of the FIBA World Cup in Sydney. The silver medals that the Chinese were left with still represented their country’s best finish in the global showpiece in 28 years.( 在悉尼举行的国际篮联世界杯决赛中，中国女篮被美国队击败。中国获得的银牌仍然代表着中国28年来在全球盛会上取得的最好成绩。)”和第三段的“China’s performance at the tournament received much attention from Chinese people both at home and abroad, especially as the final fell on the country’s National Day.( 中国队在比赛中的表现受到了国内外中国人的广泛关注，尤其是在决赛恰逢国庆节的时候。)”并结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了中国女篮赢得了世界杯银牌，恰逢中国的国庆节，给国庆献上了一份特别的礼物，使得这次比赛更令人印象深刻，因此推断D项“一份特别的国庆礼物。”为最佳标题。故选D。
34．A 35．B 36．A 37．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是上周末，超过215头领航鲸在查塔姆群岛搁浅后死亡。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段的“We do not actively refloat whales on the Chatham Islands due to the risk of shark attack to both humans and the whales themselves(在Chatham群岛，由于人类和鲸鱼本身都有被鲨鱼袭击的风险，我们没有积极地将鲸鱼打捞)”可知，阻碍了打捞工作的是鲨鱼袭击。故选A。
35．词句猜测题。第三段的“We do not actively refloat whales on the Chatham Islands due to the risk of shark attack to both humans and the whales themselves(在Chatham群岛，由于人类和鲸鱼本身都有被鲨鱼袭击的风险，我们没有积极地将鲸鱼打捞)”和第四段的“All the stranded pilot whales are now dead and their bodies(所有搁浅的领航鲸现在都死了，它们的尸体)”可知，人们不把死亡的鲸打捞起来，那它们的尸体就会自然分解，划线词decompose的意思是“分解”，和break down意思相近，故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Why these strandings occurred – and also why they sometimes met with similar strandings in southern Australia – remained a largely unanswered question.(为什么会发生这些搁浅，以及为什么它们有时会在澳大利亚南部遇到类似的搁浅，这在很大程度上仍然是一个没有答案的问题。)”可知，这次搁浅的原因仍然是个谜。故选A。
37．推理判断题。根据第一段的“More than 215 pilot whales died after beaching themselves on the Chatham Islands over the weekend. The pilot whales started to become stranded (搁浅的) on the remote islands’ northwest last Friday, according to the Department of Conservation (DoC).(上周末，超过215头领航鲸在Chatham群岛搁浅后死亡。据环境保护部称，上周五，这些领航鲸开始被困在偏远岛屿的西北部。)”可知，本文有时效性，是一篇新闻报道，故选B。

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