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2023届阅读理解话题分类专练:人际关系
（共4题）
一、阅读理解题（共4题）
According to Nielsen, the average number of mobile phone calls we make is dropping every year, after hitting a peak in 2007. And our calls are getting shorter: In 2005 they averaged three minutes in length; now they're almost half that.
We are moving, in other words, toward a fascinating cultural transition: the death of the telephone call. This shift is particularly plain among the young. Some college students I know go days without talking into their smartphones at all.
This generation doesn't make phone calls, because everyone is in constant, lightweight contact in so many other ways: texting, chatting, and social-network messaging. And we don't just have more options than we used to. We have better ones: These new forms of communication have exposed the fact that the voice call is badly designed. It deserves to die. Consider: If I suddenly decide I want to dial you up, I have no way of knowing whether you're busy, and you have no idea why I'm calling.
We have to open Schr dinger's box every time, having a conversation to figure out whether it's OK to have a conversation. Plus, voice calls are emotionally high-bandwidth, which is why it's so weirdly exhausting to be interrupted by one. (We apparently find voicemail even more torturous: Studies show that more than a fifth of all voice messages are never listened to.)
The telephone, in other words, doesn't provide any information about status, so we are constantly interrupting one another. The other tools at our disposal are more polite. Instant messaging lets us detect whether our friends are busy without our annoying them, and texting lets us ping one another but not at the same time. (Plus, we can spend more time thinking about what we want to say.) Despite the hue and cry about becoming an "always on" society, we're actually moving away from the demand that everyone should be available immediately.
We'll still make fewer phone calls, as most of our former phone time will migrate to other media. But the calls we do make will be longer, reserved for the sort of deep discussion that the medium does best.
As video chatting becomes more common, enabled by the new iPhone and other devices, we might see the growth of persistent telepresence, leaving video-chat open all day so we can speak to a spouse or colleague spontaneously. Or, to put it another way, we'll call less but talk more.
(1) The writer of the text thinks that what is happening with mobile phone calls is _____.
A．an unexpected occurrence
B．a strange but very predictable fact
C．an interesting social phenomenon
D．negative for social interaction
(2) In paragraph 3, the writer's attitude towards phone voice calls is _____.
A．doubtful B．concerned C．positive D．negative
(3) The phrase "hue and cry" in paragraph 5 means _____.
A．appeal B．protest C．claim D．argument
(4) What does the writer think will happen to voice calls in the future
A．They will only be used in emergencies.
B．They will continue to get more expensive.
C．They will only be used between family members.
D．They will be used mainly for intimate and detailed discussions.
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
● Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response "That didn't go as planned. But, I tried my best."
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.
●Now that you've listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are
(1)
A．Feeling upset again
B．Where do you start
C．Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D．Remember, you are only human.
E．Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F．Stop comparing yourself with others.
G．When does the comparison game start
(2)
A．Feeling upset again
B．Where do you start
C．Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D．Remember, you are only human.
E．Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F．Stop comparing yourself with others.
G．When does the comparison game start
(3)
A．Feeling upset again
B．Where do you start
C．Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D．Remember, you are only human.
E．Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F．Stop comparing yourself with others.
G．When does the comparison game start
(4)
A．Feeling upset again
B．Where do you start
C．Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D．Remember, you are only human.
E．Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F．Stop comparing yourself with others.
G．When does the comparison game start
(5)
A．Feeling upset again
B．Where do you start
C．Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D．Remember, you are only human.
E．Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F．Stop comparing yourself with others.
G．When does the comparison game start
People discuss their problems with friends in the hope that they'll gain some insight into how to solve them. And even if they don't find a way to solve their problems, it feels good to let off some steam. How problems are discussed, though, can be the difference between halving a problem or doubling it.
The term psychologists use for negative problem sharing is "co-rumination." Co-rumination is the mutual encouragement to discuss problems repeatedly going over the same problems, anticipating future problems and focusing on negative feelings.
In a study involving children aged 7 to 15 years of age, researchers found that co-rumination in both boys and girls is associated with "high-quality" and close friendships. However, in girls, it was also associated with anxiety and depression (the same association was not found with the boys). And studies suggest that co-rumination isn't just a problem for girls. Co-rumination with work colleagues can increase the risk of stress and burn out, one study suggests.
In a group of adults, the effects of co-rumination was compared between face-to-face contact, telephone contact, texting and social media. The positive effects of co-rumination were found in face-to-face contact, telephone contact and texting, but not in social media. The negative aspects of co-rumination (anxiety) was found in face-to-face communication and telephone contact, but not texting or social media. Verbal forms of communication seem to enhance both the positive and negative aspects of co-rumination more than non-verbal communication.
Discussing problems with friends doesn't always have to lead to worsening mental health, as long as the discussion involves finding solutions and the person with the problem acts on those solutions. Then, relationships can be positive and beneficial to both parties.
(1)
A．Research shows that co-rumination is a double-edged sword.
B．In that way, a problem shared can really be a problem halved.
C．Girls are more likely than boys to co-ruminate with their close friends.
D．Indeed, having close friends to trust may protect you against poor mental health.
E．This human tendency to work things out in one's mind, is common.
F．How you co-ruminate matters too.
(2)
A．Research shows that co-rumination is a double-edged sword.
B．In that way, a problem shared can really be a problem halved.
C．Girls are more likely than boys to co-ruminate with their close friends.
D．Indeed, having close friends to trust may protect you against poor mental health.
E．This human tendency to work things out in one's mind, is common.
F．How you co-ruminate matters too.
(3)
A．Research shows that co-rumination is a double-edged sword.
B．In that way, a problem shared can really be a problem halved.
C．Girls are more likely than boys to co-ruminate with their close friends.
D．Indeed, having close friends to trust may protect you against poor mental health.
E．This human tendency to work things out in one's mind, is common.
F．How you co-ruminate matters too.
(4)
A．Research shows that co-rumination is a double-edged sword.
B．In that way, a problem shared can really be a problem halved.
C．Girls are more likely than boys to co-ruminate with their close friends.
D．Indeed, having close friends to trust may protect you against poor mental health.
E．This human tendency to work things out in one's mind, is common.
F．How you co-ruminate matters too.
We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What's the problem It's possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging, or we think it's annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it's an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. "Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk," he explains. "The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them."
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction (互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. "It's not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband," says Dunn. "But interactions with peripheral (边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also."
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. "Small talk is the basis of good manners," he says.
(1) What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph
A．Addiction to smartphones.
B．Inappropriate behaviours in public places.
C．Absence of communication between strangers.
D．Impatience with slow service.
(2) What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci
A．Showing good manners. B．Relating to other people.
C．Focusing on a topic. D．Making business deals.
(3) What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk
A．It improves family relationships.
B．It raises people's confidence.
C．It matters as much as a formal talk.
D．It makes people feel good.
(4) What is the best title for the text
A．Conversation Counts B．Ways of Making Small Talk
C．Benefits of Small Talk D．Uncomfortable Silence
答案
一、阅读理解题（共4题）
1. 【答案】
(1) B
(2) D
(3) B
(4) D
2. 【答案】
(1) B
(2) F
(3) D
(4) C
(5) A
【解析】
(1) 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
根据题目 A Few Tips for Self-acceptance（自我接纳的几点建议）及下文的 Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.（这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。）可知，选项 B. Where do you start （从哪里开始那？）最合下文语境，故选 B 项。
(2) 根据下文 Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.（你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。）可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故 F. Stop comparing yourself with others.（停止把自己和别人进行比较。）可以作为本段中心句，故选 F 项。
(3) 根据本文的中心句 Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. （原谅自己所犯的错误。）及下文的 You will make mistakes, time and time again.（你会一次又一次地犯错误。）可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项 D. Remember, you are only human.（记住，你只是个人。）与上下文衔接最好，故选 D 项。
(4) 根据上文 List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.（列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你拜托了困境。）可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选 C 项。
(5) 结合上文 Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.（用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。）和下文的 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are （翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？）可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”的情况。选项 A. Feeling upset again （再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？）最合上下文语境，故选 A 项。
3. 【答案】
(1) D
(2) A
(3) F
(4) B
4. 【答案】
(1) C
(2) B
(3) D
(4) C

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