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When foreigners come to China, they may be surprised at Chinese’s special fondness and ____1____ (prefer) for seals (印章). To Chinese, seals are an art of deep cultural roots, ____2____ combines the essence of both calligraphy (书法) and sculpture and inspires generations to study to appreciate and to collect.
Seals are believed ____3____ (come) out as early as 8,000 years ago after our ancestors could make pottery wares and had private belongings. They tried to make marks on ____4____ (they)own possessions to prevent them from ____5____ (steal). When the first dynasty ____6____ (found), the king began to use seals to power and to show royal credits (赏识). Only the king’s special seal was then called “Xi”, ____7____ (represent)the highest authority. The first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, had his “Xi” ____8____ (make)out of the invaluable and beautiful jade “Heshi Bi”.
Then the local governments also needed seals for the same function. Meanwhile, private seals were carved in ____9____ (vary) of lucky characters and vivid animal patterns. _____10_____ (gradual), the sphragistics (印章学) came into being.
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Classical Chinese garden design aims to create a natural landscape and thinks highly of the perfect harmony between man and nature.
A Chinese garden is like a scroll (卷轴) painting, ____11____ (show) a series of carefully composed scenes. New views are showed as one visitor ____12____ (walk) along the paths. In the gardens, you can see some winding paths ____13____seemingly lead to nowhere. There, a path seems to end, but all of a sudden, a new world is rolled out before you: pavilions (亭子), rock formations, spring waters — all combined to provide a pleasant surprise! At the ____14____ (enter) to a Chinese garden, there is usually a huge stone or wall ____15____(use) to produce unimaginable delight when you turn around the wall. A Chinese garden may have windows on all ____16____(it) four walls. And it is interesting that ____17____the windows, visitors may see different views at different angles.
A Chinese garden is where culture is both created ____18____enjoyed. All plants mark the shift of the ____19____(season). Water and rock _____20_____(similar) create the balance of nature’s yin and yang.
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Besides escape room, tufting (戳戳绣) is becoming___21___ new way for young people to spend time together during the weekend across the country.
One of the quickest ways to make carpets, tufting guns___22___ (exist) for decades. With them, all you need are a few balls of wool and a piece of cloth___23___(make) a handmade carpet for yourself.
This trend ___24___ (introduce) into China as influencers began to share their handmade works on Chinese social media. Usually a studio will provide all the necessary tools and materials ___25___(need)from tufting guns to the canvas (帆布). So all customers need to do is focus on making ___26___(they)favorite patterns.
“It can get really crowded with customers, especially on weekends, during ___27___ we need to keep the door open ___28___ 11 in the morning to 12 midnight, ” a shop owner said.
People in China have long had a love for embroidery (刺绣). Though this time-consuming hobby lessened in ___29___ (popular) with the rise of fast fashion and the development of smartphones, the speedy convenience tufting guns bring has brought it back. The trend can be regarded as ____30____(benefit), as it has inspired more people in society to want to learn more about embroidery.
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Born in 1930,in Ningbo, Tu Youyou has become the first female Chinese scientist ___31___(receive) a Nobel Prize for her discovery of artemisinin (青蒿素). But the process was long ___32___hard. In 1969,Tu ___33___(lead) a team to find a cure for malaria (疟疾). After many experiments and ___34___(failure), she succeeded in making a artemisia annua extract (青蒿提取物) ___35___could treat malaria in mice in October,1971. However, Tu and her team still met with many problems. But instead of ___36___(give) up, they managed to find solution to the problems. Finally ___37___(they)efforts paid off. In November 1972, they ___38___(successful) isolated (分离) artemisinin, ___39___ key part of many malaria medicines. Thanks ____40____the discovery, malaria patients now have had greatly increased chance of survival.
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Horses, dragons, the Monkey King, and even Sponge Bob Square Pants—you probably wouldn’t expect to see this collection of animals and pop cultural icons flying together in the sky, ___41___ this happens every year in Weifang, the “World Kite Capital” in east China’s Shandong Province.
Kites, believed to be the earliest flying objects created by humans, ___42___ (invent) over 2,000 years ago in China. ___43___ (survive)many centuries, kites have become one of the country’s representative traditional handicrafts, ___44___ making techniques were included in the list of China’s national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2006.
Weifang, known as a ___45___ (globe) center of kite culture, is widely regarded as the birthplace of these popular flying toys. The themes of Weifang kites are ___46___ (incredible) diverse, ranging from birds and fish to historical figures and legends.
Today in Weifang, there are virtually no limitations on the shapes or sizes of kites, which can be made ___47___ (represent) people’s ideals and desires. This ___48___ (diverse) can be observed at the annual Weifang International Kite Festival, which has been held on the ___49___ (three) Saturday in April since 1984. More than 10,000 participants ____50____ over 30 countries and regions around the world compete in the festival every year.
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Gandhi, an Indian ___51___(nation) hero, was honored as the father of the Indian nation. He has been respected and beloved by the Indians.
He was born in India in 1869. ___52___(follow) the local custom, he got married at the age of 13. In 1888, he sailed to England where he studied law for three years and became a lawyer. On his return to India, he was sent to South Africa ___53___(work) on a law case.
In South Africa he ___54___(surprise) to find that the problem of racial discrimination (种族歧视) was serious. There he formed an ___55___(organize) and started a magazine to fight for equal rights.
Gandhi returned to India in 1915, when India was controlled by the British. He led the Indians to fight for an end to the British rule and independence for his country. In the political movement many Indians including Gandhi ____56____ (put) in prison. ___57___, the struggles never stopped. The British government had to give in and India won ___58___ (it) independence in 1947. Unfortunately, Gandhi was shot by an Indian ___59___ opposed (反对) his views and died ____60____ January 30th, 1948.
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Working and living abroad is an eye-opening experience. From 2019 to 2021, I pursued my career in Shanghai and gained new insights into China.
Firstly, the Chinese people work ____61____(incredible) hard. This gives evidence to ____62____ the Chinese economy is growing so fast. Secondly, ____63____(be) in China during the Spring Festival is an absolutely amazing event. No matter how far from home, most Chinese will make ____64____ home from work or study to spend China’s most important holiday with their family. ____65____ (million) of people crowd into trains and planes for family reunions. So you will witness the ____66____(large) urban migration in the entire world. It is referred to as the Spring Rush, Chunyun in Chinese who attach great importance to the family. Last but not least, as an American who worked in China, I would encourage everybody to learn a foreign language. In this way, you’re going to have a challenge that will give you confidence ____67____(deal) with many other things in this world. ____68____ Nelson Mandela said, when you speak to a man in a language that he ____69____ (understand), it goes to his head. But when you speak to a man in his mother tongue, it goes to his heart.
Working and living in China as an American opened the door to _____70_____(end) opportunities for me. It enabled me to learn the Chinese culture and have a better life I go for.
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Keju was an essential part of the Chinese government administration from its founding in the Sui Dynasty until it was abolished in 1905. It was a method to elect the talented to the government ____71____ (office) posts in ancient China.
Examinations were held at four levels. At the first three levels, candidates ____72____ (test) on their knowledge of the Confucian classics, and their ability ____73____ (compose) poems on given subjects. At the final level, also called the palace examination, candidates needed to show ____74____ they analyzed contemporary political problems. Individuals who succeeded in this exam were raised to the level of Jinshi.
____75____ success rate in Keju was low: only about two percent in the Tang Dynasty. Many candidates experienced ____76____ (repeat) failures, and some continued taking exams even when they became old, gray-haired men.
____77____(general), any male adult, regardless of his wealth or social status, could become a high-ranking civil servant through Keju. There are many examples in Chinese history of those who moved from a low social status to political ____78____ (celebrity) through success in Keju.
Keju served as a model ____79____ the civil-service systems in other Asian and Western countries, such as Korea and Japan. In the late 19th centuries, the _____80_____ (admit) to the British civil service administration depended on success in an examination in classical studies.
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Having lived in Beijing for nearly four years now. I had frequently heard of people taking “weekend trips” to Tianjin. _____81_____, as more famous cities and destinations in China, such as Suzhou, or Xi’an, were on the top of my list, I often disregarded Tianjin _____82_____ a place I would see someday if I had the time. Little did I know that I was preventing _____83_____ (I) from experiencing one of China’s most charming cities.
One must understand its history to truly understand _____84_____ makes Tianjin so unique. Tianjin has served as a vital trade port in China for centuries. Many western buildings and neighborhoods _____85_____ (construct) to house the armies and delegates of the European Eight-Nation Alliance.
The city is also _____86_____ (extreme) convenient explore, _____87_____ benefited me on my visit as I was only able to stay a day, and wanted to make _____88_____ most of it. I started my day at the Ancient Cultural Street. _____89_____ (build) in 1986, the street is a beautiful replica (复制品) of classical Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)architecture.
So don’t make the same mistake I did by ______90______ (put) off a trip to this incredible city. Tianjin is a true treasure of China and I cannot wait to return.
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Tu Youyou is the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive the Nobel Prize for her contribution to the fight against malaria.
Tu Youyou was born ___91___ 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province. She ___92___ (study) medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955. After graduation, she completed many further training ___93___ (course) in traditional Chinese medicine. Her education was soon to prove very ___94___ (use). In 1969, she became head of ___95___ team intending to find a cure for malaria. They worked day and night. Two years later, they succeeded in ___96___ (make) qinghao extract, which could treat malaria in mice.
To speed up the process of trials on patients and ensure ___97___ (it) safety, her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first. Through trial and error, they ___98___ (final) discovered qinghaosu ___99___ is the most effective part of qinghao extract. Since then, it has benefited about 200 million malaria patients.
In her Nobel Lecture, Tu Youyou encouraged scientists ______100______ (explore) the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level.
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ChatGPT is high-tech progress, not a revolution
ChatGPT is a powerful chatbot ____101____(develop)by OpenAI and launched in November 2022. Built on top of OpenAI’s GPT-3 family of large language models, it engages in human-like dialogue egged by prompting. It ____102____ (design) to respond in a natural, intuitive way and has numerous potential uses.
From a ____103____(science)point of view, there is a need to closely watch the development of such technologies before reaching a conclusion about their efficacy and helpful nature. Technology progresses step by step. So we should not panic thinking ChatGPT will take up jobs ____104____ till now need humans to fulfill.
ChatGPT is an example of high-tech progress, not a revolution.
First, ChatGTP ____105____ (make) quite some progress in natural language processing, yet it still has a long way to go to ____106____(complete) understand the human mind and language faculty, because when it comes to professional writing, ChatGPT at times writes plausible-sounding but ____107____ (correct) or nonsensical answers. It might give some good answers to most of the general questions, ____108____ it is no substitute for professional advice, such as medical prognosis and prescriptions, or legal advice.
Second, ChatGPT is still a product ____109____ very limited application. It has the potential to be used for enhancing search engine functionality but, as a pre-trained language model, it will have limited use.
Due to these limitations, investors should not blindly invest huge amounts to further develop ChatGPT and should not expect quick returns on investment. Yet as a ____110____(promise) AI development, ChatGPT is likely to advance in the medium, if not the short term.
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Scientists first discovered the two species in the Wolong National Nature Reserve in 2021. They later ____111____(confirm) that they were new orchid and primrose species. And then, the tiny orchid, Gastrochilus heminii, ____112____(list) as a data-deficient species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, meaning more information to assess its risk of ____113____(extinct).
The primrose species, another data-deficient flora, grows on cliffs at an altitude of 3,400 meters. So far, scientists have only found one patch of this flower in the wild, ____114____(make )it exceptionally rare.
China boasts some of the ____115____(rich) biodiversity in the world and has a relatively fine flora protection system, according to a white paper on China’s biodiversity protection.
The reasons for the wealth of ____116____(discovery) are new transportation infrastructure and technology enabling scientists to go deep into uncharted regions. The second reason is that as scientists’ understanding of taxonomy deepens, some flora species ____117____ were found in the past were later reclassified as new species. The third reason is that China’s massive ecological restoration programs have helped ____118____ number of some endangered species to reappear.
As of 2021, China had around 200 conservation botanical gardens, safeguarding more than 23,000 species of flora. Rare native plants hold research value and can also serve ____119____the poster child for conservation efforts and get the public ____120____(interest) in science and nature.
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Most people like to start their day with a nice hot drink. But what heats up must cool down, and that can be frustrating if you haven’t finished your drink. Now, professor Dr. Alon Gorodetsky in University of California Irvine reveals a new invention: a thermoregulatory (温度调节的) material____121____ imitates the way octopus (章鱼)skin works.
Gorodetsky ____122____ (fall) in love with octopuses the moment he saw a video of an octopus hiding itself in a rock, which led him to create the material ____123____ (inspire) by octopus skin. Octopuses have the amazing ability to hide____124____ (they) in their environments, using unique organs in their skin that can shrink and expand within seconds. As a result, octopus skin can reflect different____125____ (wavelength) of colour. It is this aspect of octopus biology that was the inspiration for the ____126____ (develop) of the new material. The new material acts like octopus skin, expanding or contracting to reflect heat instead of color.
This new material could be used____127____ (create) emergency heating blankets, and it can even help keep your computers ____128____ overheating. Best of all, ____129____ new thermoregulatory material is inexpensive to produce, and very environmentally friendly as it is durable and____130____ (easy) reusable.
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Hua’er, which literally means flower in Chinese, is known as a type of “mountain songs” and has been wildly popular in ____131____(China) Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia and Xinjiang for hundreds of years.
Growing up listening to Hua’er, Sa Lina, 36, has been engaged in this ____132____(tradition) art for almost 20 years. After graduating from a secondary school in 2005, Sa returned to her home county of Haiyuan in Ningxia and became a member of a local art group. Soon she was given a chance ____133____(sing) with Ma Handong, a famous singer of Hua’er.
“I had never sung Hua’er before, so I listened and sang along with the tapes, and ____134____ my surprise, I soon fell in love with it,” she said.
Since then, Sa has devoted ____135____(she) to mastering the folk art from learning from Ma the techniques and skills used in performances, attending performances given by other well-known singers, practicing singing Hua’er whenever possible, to ____136____(study) its origin and history.
“Maybe because I was born here, Hua’er is in my blood and bones and I ____137____(learn) it quite fast,” said Sa. At the age of 27, she ____138____(name) an inheritor(传承人) of Hua’er, becoming ____139____ youngest inheritor of this traditional art at the time.
“What people long for in their hearts can be best expressed by singing a song. Just _____140_____ the old saying goes, Hua’er reflects one’s heart and people can’t help singing it,” said the artist.
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Scientists have discovered that dogs produce more facial movements when a human is paying attention to them than when they are being ignored or presented with a tasty small piece of food.
The research argues ____141____ the belief that animal facial expressions are largely unconscious movements, that reflect internal sentiments, rather than a way to communicate.
Their expressions are responsive to humans — not just to other dogs. That shows us how domestication ____142____(shape) them.
“Facial expression is often seen as something that is very emotionally driven and is very fixed, and so it isn’t something that animals can change ____143____(depend) on their circumstances,” said Bridget Waller, professor of evolutionary psychology at the University of Portsmouth, and an author of the study.
Researchers ____144____(involve) in the study published in Scientific Reports, used a video camera to record the facial movements of 24 dogs over a series of experiments ____145____ a human either faced the animal, or faced away, and presented the dog with a tidbit (小片食物), or did not. The recordings were then examined by the team frame by frame ____146____(determine) changes in the facial muscles of the canines.
The results reveal that the dogs produced far more facial expressions when the human was facing the dog, than when they turned away — in particular, the animals were ____147____(likely) to show their tongues and raise their inner eyebrows.
But the presence of food had no impact on the animals’ expressions. That suggested canine facial expressions were not just down to excitement, and cast doubt over ____148____ dogs use their facial expressions to twist their owners around their paws, said Waller.
“We wanted to see if dogs would produce the most facial expressions when they saw the face and the food, because that might then tell us they are trying to intentionally manipulate the human in order to get the food — and we didn’t see that,” said Waller.
The study suggested doggy expressions were not simply the result of internal emotions, but ____149____ be a mechanism of communication. The team noted their work didn’t show whether dogs simply learn to pull faces when a human pays attention to them, or whether it reflects a deeper connection. But, they said, it was notable that the animals tended to make their eyes appear bigger — _____150_____ trait humans are known to find cute.
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Horses, SpongeBob and the Monkey King from Chinese legend — you probably wouldn’t expect to see this collection of animals, pop cultural icons and mythological creatures ____151____ (fly) together in the sky, but this event happens every year in Weifang, the World Kite Capital in Shandong Province.
Kites, which were invented over 2,000 years ago in China____152____ (believe) to be the earliest flying objects created by humans. After centuries of development, kites have become one of the country’s ____153____ (represent) handicrafts, and kite-making technique was included in ____154____ list of China’s national intangible cultural heritage in 2006.
The city of Weifang is known as a global center of kite culture ____155____ it is widely regarded as the birthplace of these popular flying toys. Today in Weifang, the themes of kites are ____156____ (incredible) diverse, encompassing (包 含 ) animals, cultural relics, myths, and legends. Besides, there are virually no limitations on the shapes or sizes of kites, which can be made____157____(show) people’s ideals and ambitions. This ____158____ (diverse) can be observed at the annual Weifang International Kite Festival, ____159____ has been held on the third Saturday of every April since 1984. More than 10,000 participants from over 30 countries and regions around the world compete _____160_____ the festival every year.
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Real Cost of Travel
Mass tourism is a relatively recent phenomenon. The tourism industry ____161____ (take) off in the middle of the last century and it’s been growing ever since. In the last ten years especially, more and more people have been traveling to places ____162____ we had previously only read about or seen on television. But what kind of impact does tourism have on the planet
A voyage to the end of the earth
A large cruise ship (邮轮) can carry as many as 6,000 passengers and there are upwards of 50 such ships currently ___163___(sail) the seas. Cruise ships dump about 90,000 tons of waste into the oceans every year. Any harmful effects of this are made even worse by the fact ___164___ cruises tend to visit the same places over and over again, thus concentrating the waste in specific places.
Trash on top of the world
From remote ocean habitats to the world’s highest mountain, our trash is everywhere. Though far fewer people go climbing the Himalayas than on a cruise, their impact ___165___(still feel). Tourism is vital to the economy of Nepal, ___166___ it is to many non-industrial countries. But for decades, climbers have been abandoning their unwanted equipment on Everest. For the last few years, clean-up teams of local and international climbers have been organizing hiking trips just ___167___(pick) up the waste. One group has brought over eight tons of waste down from the mountain!
When more is not better
Tourism of a different kind is causing problems in Europe. Construction on the Mediterranean coast has been ___168___ control for years. Beach resorts form an almost unbroken line from Gibraltar to Greece, and natural habitats have disappeared under miles of concrete. And so we pollute the sea, the land, and the air. Low-cost air travel is booming, in spite of (or perhaps ___169___ (help) by) economic problems. For many Europeans, low-cost flights allow them to take several short vacations a year. Yet curiously, short flights actually have a much bigger effect on climate change than long flights. So, are there___170___ (damaging) ways of seeing the world Traveling by train, for example, is a much greener way of getting around.
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The Starry Night is among Vincent van Gogh’s most famous works. It was painted in June 1889 ___171___ he was staying at a home for the mentally ill. ___172___ makes this painting special is that Vincent did not just painted the massive circles of white and yellow ___173___(race) across the sky. The stars and the moon hang bright in the night sky. Beneath this amazing sky, we see sleeping village and a dark, lonely tree.
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Recently, researchers announced that they had found tiny pieces of plastic in water samples from around the world. These pieces of plastic have been found in drinking water across the world, ___174___means that we are drinking plastic every day. It is not yet clear what level of harm this ___175___(cause) us in the future. Some scientists are now appealing to the governments and corporations to consider spending money ___176___ the equipment and other resources that help deal with the problem.
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At the Nobel Prize Lecture on 7 December, 2015, an 84-year-old Chinese woman walked slowly on to the stage. The woman was Tu Youyou, the first Chinese female scientist ___177___ (award) a Noble Prize for her work. Since the discovery of artemisinin, millions of ___178___ (life) have been saved. When thanking the Committee for the honor Tu Youyou said, “This is not only an honor for myself, but also recognition and ___179___ (encourage) for all scientists in China.” In 2019, she ___180___(select) by the BBC as one of the most influential figures of science in the 20th century.
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
(A)
Apple confirms that the iPhone is getting USB-C
There has been a lot of consumer demand and regulatory push on Apple to change the iPhone’s charging port ____181____ the lightning connector to USB-C． Earlier this month, the European Parliament voted in favor of the law ____182____ required phonemakers to adopt USB-C connectors from 2024 — increasing pressure on the tech giant to make the switch.
Greg Joswiak, Apple’s senior Vice President of marketing, confirmed on Tuesday that the company ____183____(observe) EU’s ruling, but stopped short of sharing any other detail.
Speaking at Wall Street Journal’s WSJ Tech Live event, Joswiak didn’t seem pleased with ____184____ governments across the world are approaching this issue. A decade ago ____185____ the EU was promoting micro USB connectors, the firm had a disagreement with them. While the regulatory body’s aim was ____186____(reduce) the type of power adaptors consumers were using to make it easier on them, Apple approached the problem differently.
____187____(launch) the lightning connector almost 10 years ago, Apple is the primary connector for many devices including the iPhone, the iPad, and Airpods. Over the last couple of years, Apple has released iPads using USB-C ____188____ the primary connector — including the latest baseline iPad.
The EU is just one of the regions ____189____(push) for a common charger for mobile phones. In June, Democratic senators including Bernie Sanders, Elizabeth Warren, and Ed Markey sent an open letter to Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo asking the US to follow the EU’s steps. Currently, a common connector rule ____190____(consider) among countries like Brazil and India.
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Five outstanding researchers received this year’s L’Oreal-UNESCO For Women in Science Award at a ceremony in Paris, France ____191____ Friday evening for their pioneering research in the life sciences. One of the ____192____ (receive) was Chinese ancient vertebrates (脊椎动物) scientist Zhang Miman.
82-year-old Zhang, also ____193____(know) as Meemann Chang, is a palaeontologist (古生物学 家) at the Institute of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Palaeoanthropology (IVPP). Many species, such as the extinct fish Meemannia, have been named in honor of her. In 2016, Zhang ____194____ (give) the Romer-Simpson Lifetime Achievement Award, ____195____ is the highest prize in vertebrate palaeontology.
“She was appointed for her pioneering work on fossil (化石) records ____196____ (lead) to a clear understanding of how oceanic vertebrates adapted to life on land.” UNESCO said in a statement. Zhang is the ____197____ (five) Chinese female scientist to win the award. The other four winners ____198____(be) from South Africa, the UK, Argentinaand Canada.
As ____199____ result of a partnership between French company L’Oreal and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the L’Oreal-UNESCO For Women in Science foundation was founded in 1998 ____200____ (encourage) equality in science. Each winner will be awarded $100, 000 as part of their prize.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
If you are looking for unique adventure, the Space and Aviation (SAC) is the place to be. The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun. So far, more than 750,000 people_____201_____(graduate) from SAC, with many seeking employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide_____202_____ (various) of other professions. They come to camp, wanting to know_____203_____it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The Last Leaf is about the story of two young painters in Greenwich Village, Sue and Johnsy, and their neighbour, Behrman. Johnsy suffered_____204_____severe pneumonia in the cold November, and her condition became _____205_____(serious) than it used to be. And she put the hope of life on the last leaf outside the window,_____206_____(think) that when the last leaf fell, it was the end of her life. As a result, she lost the courage and faith_____207_____(live).
语法填空
Last year a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, ___208___ (destroy) fourteen homes. Seven others ___209___ (damage) so badly that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows and ___210___ (roof). One person was killed and seven were ___211___ (terrible) hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.
Mr. Tan, ___212___ farmer, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. “I ___213___ (eat) with my wife and children when we heard a flood noise.” He said, “A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We managed ___214___ (climb) out but then I saw that one of my children was ___215___ (lose). I went back inside and found him, safe ___216___ very frightened.”
Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded area to the welfare department ____217____ they could get food, clothes and shelter.
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Similar to people of other nationalities, ancient Chinese people grasped or tore food with their bare hands at the beginning. Chopsticks, forks, knives and spoons were used much later, among _218_ chopsticks, with a history of thousands of years, is _219_ wonder of Chinese dining utensil(用具).
In ancient China, they were called zhu. Their upper parts are square and _220_(low) parts round, _221_ they are all round. Whatever their shapes, the pair must be identical to each other. _222_(normal), people hold chopsticks with the right hand to pick up food. The invention of chopsticks fully displayed the dexterity(灵巧)and _223_ (intelligent) of the Chinese people. According to some Japanese scholars, to properly handle chopsticks requires the skillul interaction of over 80 joints(关节)and 50 muscles, and what＇s more, certain nerves _224_ (involve).
Chopsticks, a food picking utensil _225_ (make) of bamboo or wood, is widely used by the Hans and some minority ethnic groups. Some elegant chopsticks _226_ Chinese characters are quite artistic. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal _227_(create) special designs. It is generally held that chopsticks has begun to be called kuaizi since the Ming Dynasty. However, the term kuaizi was not widely used until the modern times.
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was pleased to visit the Museed’Orsay _____228_____(house)in an old railway building,_____229_____(feature) some of the best-known paintings from the Impressionist movement of the 19th century.
The artists who made the deepest _____230_____(impress) on me _____231_____(be) two of the greatest Impressionist _____232_____(painter), Claude Monet and Pierre-August Renoir.Monet was ____233____(great) inspired by nature and in the last three decades of his life he painted mostly scenes from his garden, one of which_____234_____(show) in the famous piece Blue Water Lilies.However, Renoir preferred to paint scenes of everyday life,for example,his 1876 masterpiece Dance at Le Moulin de La Galette showing life in _____235_____ busy neighbourhood of Paris on a Sunday afternoon.
The Impressionists’ vision influenced not only a whole new generation of Post-Impressionist painters like Vincent Van Gogh and Paul Gauguin, _____236_____works are also displayed at the Musee d’Orsay, but also modern art, encouraging artists to look at the world ______237______an entirely new point of view.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
25-year-old Wan Minghui is a girl from a small city of Zigong in Sichuan Province. When she was young, she grew up closely with her grandparents. Now her grandfather is 84 years old, ____238____(live) alone after her grandmother passed away. During an unannounced visit____239____him one day in May, Wan noticed his loneliness,____240____made her sad. Then an idea came to mind that she would quit her job to accompany him and set out to help him realize some of his wishes on his bucket list.
However, neither her parents____241____her grandfather agreed with her decision to quit her job, afraid that it would harm her career development. To make____242____living after quitting,she got three part-time jobs,including writing advertising online. So they____243____(final) agreed. Wan began to record her grandpa’s life in videos, which were posted to Douyin (抖音). Recently，the short videos under the names “Fulfilling Grandpa’s 100 Wishes ” and “Taking Grandpa for Travel”____244____ (view) more than 100 million times, receiving more than five million likes and a long list of____245____ (comment), including praise for Little Wan, best wishes for her grandfather and discussions about the meaning of life.
Although Wan has to stay up late____246____(work) sometimes, she thinks it’s all worthwhile when she sees her grandpa smile more and more.“She wrote in the video, My grandpa accompanied me as I grew up and I will accompany him as he_____247_____ (grow) old.”
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you know black ice It’s actually___248___ thin, transparent piece of ice on a road or path that is much ___249___(hard) to see than normal ice. Drivers usually mistake black ice for wet pavement, so they are often totally unprepared to react___250___(effective) to it.
To make matters worse, black ice can form when you least expect it. A snowfall may have melted days before, but there can still be pieces of black ice___251___ (wait) to send your car out of control.
Black ice is more likely to result in various ___252___(problem) in the mornings and at nights when temperatures drop.
For___253___(secure), drivers should be particularly cautious about driving over bridges once freezing winter temperatures kick in. ___254___driving slowly and carefully, it’s recommended that drivers should make their vehicles’ wheels ___255___(equip) with snow chains, which can help drivers stop faster. So far, many accidents___256___(cause) by black ice. And governments or companies, ____257____are managing certain highways, should treat the roads with salt or sand in time.
阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
To study one of Europe’s rarest butterflies, ____258____ live on near-vertical slopes (几乎垂直的坡)high in the Swiss-Italian Alps, scientists went down mountainsides. Their efforts have paid off with some ____259____ (depend) data.
More than 100 years ago, scientists ____260____ (describe) the orange-and-brown Raetzer’s ringlet for the first time. But its habitat prevented them ____261____ (study) it in the field. That changed in 2015 when officials in northern Italy reached out to two independent insect researchers who were also rock climbers. Andrea Battisti and Matteo Gabaglio, who each had ____262____ (year) of sport climbing experience, realized they could go into the butterfly’s lair (巢穴) by hanging from a rope.
____263____ total, the biologists and their colleagues examined 10 sites in Italy and Switzerland. At two key sites, the team spotted 177 ringlets. The finding ____264____ (report) in the Journal of Insect Conservation in January 2021. The good news is that the butterflies appear ____265____ (be) much more than earlier studies showed. But they suggested that the ringlet be listed as ____266____ endangered species, because of climate change and other threats.
The brave climbers have gathered some “important” new data about the ringlet, says IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) ecologist Chris van Swaay. But for IUCN to take up the suggestion, he adds, it will _____267_____ (probable) need even more hard-earned data.
参考答案：
1．preference 2．which 3．to come 4．their 5．being stolen 6．was founded 7．representing 8．made 9．varieties 10．Gradually
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是中国印章学的由来以及从古至今的作用。
1．考查名词。句意：当外国人来到中国时，他们可能会对中国人对海豹的特殊喜爱和偏爱感到惊讶。分析句子，设空处使用prefer的名词preference作宾语，意为“偏爱”。故填preference。
2．考查定语从句。句意：对于中国人来说，印章是一种具有深厚文化根基的艺术，它融合了书法和雕塑的精髓，激发了一代又一代的人学习欣赏和收藏。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词seals，为物。故填which。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：据信，早在8000年前，在我们的祖先能够制作陶器并拥有私人物品之后，海豹就出现了。分析句子，句中be believed to do为固定短语，意为“被认为做某事”。故填to come。
4．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他们试图在自己的财物上做记号，以防被盗。分析句子，设空处使用形容词性物主代词作定语，意为“他们的”。故填their。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子，句中from为介词，后使用动名词作宾语。steal意为“偷”，其与possessions之间是被动关系，故使用动名词的被动结构。故填being stolen。
6．考查动词语态。句意：当第一个王朝建立时，国王开始使用印章来获得权力和显示王室荣誉。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。found意为“建立”，dynasty与found之间是被动关系，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was founded。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：只有国王的特别印章被称为“玺”，代表最高权力。分析句子，句中was为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。此处表示伴随，且Xi与represent之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作伴随状语。故填representing。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国第一位皇帝秦始皇的“玺”字是用珍贵而美丽的玉石“和石璧”做成的。分析句子，句中have sth done为固定短语，使用过去分词作宾补成分，表示被动关系。故填made。
9．考查名词复数。句意：同时，印章上还刻有各种吉祥的人物和生动的动物图案。分析句子，设空处使用vary的名词variety作宾语，意为“种类”，此处表示复数意义，即表示“各种各样的”。故填varieties。
10．考查副词。句意：渐渐地，印章学产生了。分析句子，设空处使用gradual的副词gradually作状语，意为“逐渐地”。同时该空置于句首，首字母大写。故填Gradually。
11．showing 12．is walking 13．which/that 14．entrance 15．used 16．its 17．through 18．and 19．seasons 20．similarly
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了中国古典园林设计以营造自然景观为宗旨，注重人与自然的完美和谐。
11．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国园林就像一幅卷轴画，展示了一系列精心构图的场景。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词，动词show和逻辑主语painting之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填showing。
12．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：当一个游客沿着小路行走时，新的景观就会出现。此处为as引导的时间状语从句，前后句子的动作同时进行，此处主句用一般现在时态，所以as引导时间状语从句用现在进行时态，主语为名词单数 visitor，所以谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填is walking。
13．考查定语从句。句意：在花园里，你可以看到一些弯弯曲曲的小路，似乎通向什么地方。先行词为paths，在定语从句中作主语，指物，故填which/that。
14．考查名词。句意：在中国园林的入口处，通常会有一块巨大的石头或墙壁，当你转过墙时，会产生难以想象的愉悦。空前有定冠词 the，空处需填名词单数特指，作宾语，构成固定搭配at the entrance of“在……的入口”，故填 entrance。
15．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国园林的入口处，通常会有一块巨大的石头或墙壁，当你转过墙时，会产生难以想象的愉悦。分析句子可知，动词use和它所修饰的词stone or wall之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填used。
16．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：中国的花园可能在它所有的四个墙壁上都有窗户。分析句子可知，应用形容词性物主代词 its，修饰名词walls，故填 its。
17．考查介词。句意：有趣的是，透过窗户，游客可以从不同的角度看到不同的景色。表示“透过”，后跟名词，所以用介词 through，故填 through。
18．考查连词。句意：中国园林是创造文化和享受文化的地方。前后是并列关系，所以用and连接，故填and。
19．考查可数名词的复数。句意：所有的植物都标志着季节的变化。season季节，是可数名词，“季节的变化”涉及不同的季节，此处要用复数形式，故填seasons。
20．考查副词。句意：水和岩石同样创造了自然阴阳的平衡。修饰动词create，所以用副词，故填similarly。
21．a 22．have existed/have been existing 23．to make 24．was introduced 25．needed 26．their 27．which 28．from 29．popularity 30．beneficial
【导语】本文属于说明文。文章介绍一种新型娱乐方式“戳戳绣”近两年开始流行。
21．考查冠词。句意：除了“密室逃生”，戳戳绣正成为全国年轻人周末聚在一起的一种新方式。way为泛指一种新方式，且new是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
22．考查动词时态语态。句意：织地毯最快的方法之一，戳戳绣枪已经存在了几十年了。根据后文for decades可知应用完成时，此处可用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，主语为tufting guns，助动词用have。故填have existed/have been existing。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：有了它们，你所需要的只是几团羊毛和一块布，就可以为自己手工制作地毯了。此处make在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to make。
24．考查时态语态。句意；随着网红们开始在中国社交媒体上分享他们的手工作品，这一趋势被引入中国。从后面的状语从句中的began可知此处应为一般过去时态, 而且trend和introduce是动宾关系，应该用被动形式，谓语用单数。故填was introduced。
25．考查非谓语动词。句意：通常工作室会提供所有必要的工具和材料，从戳戳绣枪到画布。设空处在句中作非谓语，need与名词tools and materials为逻辑的被动关系，应用过去分词的形式作定语。故填needed。
26．考查代词。句意：因此，所有客户需要做的就是专注于制作他们最喜欢的图案。修饰名词patterns应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
27．考查定语从句。句意：一位店主说：“这里的顾客真的很拥挤，尤其是在周末，我们需要从早上11点开到午夜12点。”此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词weekends，作介词的宾语，指物，故用which引导。故填which。
28．考查介词。句意：一位店主说：“这里的顾客真的很拥挤，尤其是在周末，我们需要从早上11点开到午夜12点。”表示“从……到……”短语为from…to…。故填from。
29．考查名词。句意：尽管随着快时尚的兴起和智能手机的发展，这种耗时的爱好不再那么受欢迎，但戳戳绣枪带来的快速便利又让它重新流行起来。此处为介词宾语，应使用名词popularity。故填popularity。
30．考查形容词。句意：这种趋势可以被认为是有益的，因为它激发了社会上更多的人想要更多地了解刺绣。作表语，应用形容词beneficial。故填beneficial。
31．to receive 32．and 33．led 34．failures 35．that/which 36．giving 37．their 38．successfully 39．a 40．to
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了屠呦呦以及其团队发现治疗疟疾关键成分的过程。
31．考查非谓语动词。句意：屠呦呦1930年出生于宁波，因发现青蒿素而成为首位获得诺贝尔奖的中国女科学家。名词female由序数词the first修饰，后文不定式作后置定语。故填to receive。
32．考查连词。句意：但这个过程漫长而艰难。此处long与hard为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
33．考查时态。句意：1969年，屠呦呦带领一个团队寻找治疗疟疾的方法。根据上文In 1969可知为一般过去时。故填led。
34．考查名词。句意：经过多次实验和失败，她于1971年10月成功地制成了一种青蒿提取物，可以治疗老鼠的疟疾。failure此处为抽象名词具体化，为可数名词，根据上文experiments可知应用复数形式。故填failures。
35．考查定语从句。句意：经过多次实验和失败，她于1971年10月成功地制成了一种青蒿提取物，可以治疗老鼠的疟疾。定语从句修饰先行词a artemisia annua extract，在从句中作主语，指物，故填that/which。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：但他们没有放弃，而是设法找到了解决问题的办法。作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填giving。
37．考查代词。句意：他们的努力终于得到了回报。修饰名词efforts应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
38．考查副词。句意：1972年11月，他们成功分离出青蒿素，这是许多疟疾药物的关键成分。修饰动词isolate应用副词successfully，故填successfully。
39．考查冠词。句意：1972年11月，他们成功分离出青蒿素，这是许多疟疾药物的关键成分。part为可数名词，此处为泛指且key是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
40．考查介词。句意：由于这一发现，疟疾患者的生存机会大大增加。表示“由于”短语为thanks to。故填to。
41．but/yet 42．were invented 43．Having survived 44．whose 45．global 46．incredibly 47．to represent 48．diversity 49．third 50．from
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了潍坊国际风筝节的风俗习惯来历，主题，以及带来的国际影响。
41．考查连词。句意：马、龙、孙悟空，甚至海绵宝宝——你可能不会想到会看到这些动物和流行文化偶像在天空中齐飞，但是每年都会在中国东部山东省的“世界风筝之都”潍坊发生这种情况。根据句意可知，空格处前后两句是转折关系，应使用转折连词，故填but/yet。
42．考查动词时态和语态。句意：风筝被认为是人类最早创造的飞行物体，是2000多年前在中国发明。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，动词invent和主语Kites是被动关系，根据时间状语over 2,000 years ago可知应使用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were invented。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：风筝历经数百年的发展，已成为中国具有代表性的传统工艺品之一，其制作工艺于2006年被列入中国国家级非物质文化遗产名录。分析句子可知，空格处为句子状语。动词survive和逻辑主语kites是主动关系，此动作发生在have become之前，应使用现在分词的完成式，位于句首首字母大写，故填Having survived。
44．考查定语从句。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句引导词，先行词是kites，和making techniques是所属关系，应使用关系代词whose，故填whose。
45．考查形容词。句意：潍坊被称为全球风筝文化中心，被广泛认为是这些流行的飞行玩具的发源地。分析句子可知，空格处为定语修饰名词center，应使用形容词，故填global。
46．考查副词。句意：潍坊风筝的主题非常多样化，从鸟类、鱼类到历史人物和传说都有。分析句子可知，空格处为状语修饰形容词diverse，应使用副词形式，故填incredibly。
47．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今在潍坊，风筝的形状和大小几乎没有限制，可以用来代表人们的理想和原文。分析句子可知，空格处为句子目的状语，应使用动词不定式，故填to represent。
48．考查不可数名词。句意：这种多样性可以在一年一度的潍坊国际风筝节上观察到，该节自1984年以来一直在4月的第三个星期六举行。分析句子可知，空格处为句子主语部分，应使用名词形式diversity，表示“多样性，多样化”通常为不可数名词，故填diversity。
49．考查序数词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处表示的意思是“第三”，应使用序数词形式，故填third。
50．考查介词。句意：每年，来自全球30多个国家和地区的10000多名参与者参加了音乐节的角逐。分析句子可知，空格处表示的意思是“来自……”，应用介词from，和其后“over 30 countries and regions around the world”构成介词短语充当后置定语形式名词participants，故填from。
51．national 52．Following 53．to work 54．was surprised 55．organization/organisation 56．were put 57．However 58．its 59．who/that 60．on
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了印度的民族英雄甘地为争取平等权利而做出的努力。
51．考查形容词。句意：甘地是印度的民族英雄，被尊为印度民族之父。修饰名词hero应用形容词national，作定语。故填national。
52．考查非谓语动词。句意：按照当地习俗，他在13岁时结婚了。分析句子结构可知follow与逻辑主语he构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Following。
53．考查非谓语动词。句意：回到印度后，他被派往南非处理一起法律案件。短语send sb. to do sth.表示“派某人做某事”，此处为被动形式，即sb. be sent to do，故填to work。
54．考查时态。句意：在南非，他惊讶地发现种族歧视问题很严重。作表语，应用形容词surprised，结合后文was可知为一般过去时，be surprised to do“惊讶地做某事”。故填was surprised。
55．考查名词。句意：在那里，他成立了一个组织，创办了一本杂志，为争取平等权利而斗争。作宾语，结合上文不定冠词an可知应用单数名词organization或organisation。故填organization/organisation。
56．考查时态语态。句意：在这场政治运动中，包括甘地在内的许多印度人被投入监狱。主语与谓语构成被动关系，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为many Indians including Gandhi，谓语用复数。故填were put。
57．考查副词。句意：然而，努力从未停止过。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，且由逗号隔开故用副词however，句首单词首字母要大写。故填However。
58．考查代词。句意：英国政府不得不让步，印度在1947年赢得了独立。修饰名词independence应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
59．考查定语从句。句意：不幸的是，甘地被一名反对他观点的印度人枪杀，于1948年1月30日去世。限制性定语从句修饰先行词Indian，在从句作主语，指人，故用who或that引导。故填who/that。
60．考查介词。句意：不幸的是，甘地被一名反对他观点的印度人枪杀，于1948年1月30日去世。表示在具体的某一天，应用介词on。故填on。
61．incredibly 62．why 63．being 64．it 65．Millions 66．largest 67．to deal 68．As 69．understands 70．endless
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要就作者本人在中国的经历，告诉我们在国外生活和工作是一次大开眼界的经历。
61．考查副词。句意：首先，中国人民工作非常努力。修饰副词hard用副词形式。故填incredibly。
62．考查宾语从句。句意：这为中国经济增长为何如此之快提供了证据。这里为宾语从句的连接词，宾语从句缺少原因状语，用why。故填why。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：其次，在中国过春节绝对是件了不起的事。这里为非谓语动词担当主语，用动词的ving形式。故填being。
64．考查固定搭配。句意：无论离家多远，大多数中国人都会从工作或学习中回家，与家人共度中国最重要的节日。固定搭配：make it，意为“成功、达到目标”。故填it。
65．考查固定搭配。句意：数百万人挤进火车和飞机，与家人团聚。所以你将见证世界上最大规模的城市移民。固定搭配：millions of，意为“数百万的……”；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Millions。
66．考查形容词。句意：所以你将见证世界上最大规模的城市移民。根据常识可知，中国人在过春节期间都会回到老家和亲人团聚，所以这是最大规模的城市移民，用形容词最高级作定语。故填largest。
67．考查非谓语动词。句意：这样，你就会有一个挑战，它会给你信心来处理这个世界上的许多其他事情。这里为非谓语动词担当名词confidence的后置定语，用不定式形式。故填to deal。
68．考查定语从句。句意：正如纳尔逊·曼德拉所说，如果你用一个人听得懂的语言与他交流，他会记在脑子里；如果你用他自己的语言与他交流，他会记在心里。这里为非限制性定语从句的关系词，出现在句首，代指后面整个句子，表示“正如”，用关系代词as，且首字母大写。故填As。
69．考查时态。句意：正如纳尔逊·曼德拉所说，如果你用一个人听得懂的语言与他交流，他会记在脑子里；如果你用他自己的语言与他交流，他会记在心里。考查从句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，时态为一般现在时；主语为he，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填understands。
70．考查形容词。句意：作为一个美国人，在中国工作和生活为我打开了通往无限机会的大门。修饰名词opportunity用形容词；再根据句意可知，指的是“无限的”机会。故填endless。
71．official 72．were tested 73．to compose 74．how 75．The 76．repeated 77．Generally 78．celebrities 79．for 80．admission
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。介绍了中国的科举制度。
71．考查形容词。句意：这是中国古代选拔人才担任政府官员的一种方法。分析句意可知，名词office“办公室”在句中作定语修饰post“职位”，因此需要改为形容词official“官员的，官职的”。故填official。
72．考查时态和语态。句意：在前三个级别，考生接受了儒家经典知识和特定主题诗歌创作能力的测试。分析句意可知，动词test“测试”在句中作谓语动词，但其与充当主语的复数名词candidates“候选人，应试者”构成被动关系，因为该动作已发生，故使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were tested。
73．考查不定式。句意：在前三个级别，考生接受了儒家经典知识和特定主题诗歌创作能力的测试。分析句意可知，动词compose“创造，撰写”在句中作ability“能力”的后置定语，故需要使用不定式。故填to compose。
74．考查连接词。句意：在最后一级，也被称为殿试，考生需要展示他们是如何分析当代政治问题的。根据句意可知，动词show“展示”后需要使用连词连接其宾语从句，分析宾语从句结构可知，该句缺少状语，表示“如何”，使用how连接，在从句中作方式状语。故填how。
75．考查冠词。句意：科举的成功率很低：在唐朝只有2%左右。分析句意可知，此处的名词词组success rate“成功率”特指科举考试的成功率，为特定事物，故词组前使用定冠词the，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填The。
76．考查形容词。句意：许多考生经历了一次又一次的失败，有些人甚至在变老、头发花白的时候仍在继续考试。分析句意可知，动词repeat“重复”在句中作定语修饰failures“失败”，故形容词形式repeated“重复的”符合语境。故填repeated。
77．考查副词。句意：一般来说，任何成年男性，无论其财富或社会地位如何，都可以通过科举成为高级公务员。分析句意可知，形容词general“大体的”在句中作状语修饰整个句子，故需要使用副词形式，句首单词首字母大写。故填Generally。
78．考查名词复数。句意：中国历史上有很多通过科举取得成功而从社会地位由低下转变为政治名人的人的例子。分析句意可知，名词celebrity“名人”在句中作介词宾语，且空格前没有表示单数的冠词和量词，故需要使用复数形式。故填celebrities。
79．考查介词。句意：科举是韩国和日本等其他亚洲和西方国家公务员制度的典范。分析句意可知，此处需要填写介词for，构成短语serve as a model for，意为“作为……的榜样/典范”。故填for。
80．考查名词。句意：在19世纪末，英国公务员管理局的录取取决于古典文学考试的成功。分析句意可知，动词admit“允许进入，加入”在句中作主语，需要改为名词admission，此处为不可数名词。故填admission。
81．However 82．as 83．myself 84．what 85．were constructed 86．extremely 87．which 88．the 89．Built 90．putting
【导语】本文是记叙文。主要介绍了天津的历史和作者游玩天津的感受。
81．考查副词。句意：然而，由于中国更多的著名城市和旅游目的地，如苏州或西安，在我的名单上名列前茅，我常常忽略了天津，如果我有时间的话，我总有一天会去的地方。分析句子结构可知，“Having lived in Beijing for nearly four years now. I had frequently heard of people taking “weekend trips” to Tianjin.”和本句构成转折关系，又空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用however，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填However。
82．考查介词。句意：然而，由于中国更多的著名城市和旅游目的地，如苏州或西安，在我的名单上名列前茅，我常常忽略了天津，如果我有时间的话，我总有一天会去的地方。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：disregard...as意为“忽略”。故填as。
83．考查代词。句意：我一点也不知道，我正在阻止自己体验中国最迷人的城市之一。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语：prevent sb from doing意为“阻止某人做某事”，根据句意，此处是“阻止我自己”之意。故填myself。
84．考查宾语从句。句意：只有了解天津的历史，才能真正理解天津的独特之处。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，应该用what引导。故填what。
85．考查时态和语态。句意：许多西方的建筑和社区都是为了容纳军队和欧洲八国联盟的代表而建造的。分析句子结构可知，construct的主语是western buildings and neighborhoods，两者是被动关系，应该用被动语态，根据句意，描述的是过去发生的事，用一般过去时，注释是复数，be动词应用were。故填were constructed。
86．考查副词。句意：这座城市也非常方便探索，这让我在这次访问中受益，因为我只能呆一天，想充分利用它。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的形容词，应该用副词修饰，extreme的副词形式是extremely。故填extremely。
87．考查定语从句关系词。句意：这座城市也非常方便探索，这让我在这次访问中受益，因为我只能待一天，想充分利用它。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整句话，在从句中作主语，所以应该用which引导。故填which。
88．考查冠词。句意：这座城市也非常方便探索，这让我在这次访问中受益，因为我只能待一天，想充分利用它。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：make the most of意为“充分利用”。故填the。
89．考查非谓语动词。句意：这条街建于1986年，是清代（1644-1911）古典建筑的美丽复制品。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词is，所以build用非谓语形式作状语，它的逻辑主语是street，两者是被动关系，应该用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Built。
90．考查非谓语动词。句意：所以不要犯我犯过的错误，推迟去这个不可思议的城市旅行。分析句子结构可知，空前是介词，后应接名词，所以put需用动名词形式。故填putting。
91．in 92．studied 93．courses 94．useful 95．a 96．making 97．its 98．finally 99．which/that 100．to explore
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了科学家屠呦呦的个人经历以及成就。
91．考查介词。句意：屠呦呦，1930年生于浙江宁波。表示在某一年应用介词in。故填in。
92．考查时态。句意：1951年至1955年，她在北京的一所大学学习医学。根据后文1951 and 1955可知用一般过去时。故填studied。
93．考查名词的数。句意：毕业后，她完成了许多进一步的中医培训课程。course为可数名词，many修饰可数名词复数形式。故填courses。
94．考查形容词。句意：她所受的教育很快就证明很有用。作表语，应用形容词useful。故填useful。
95．考查冠词。句意：1969年，她成为一个团队的负责人，旨在寻找治疗疟疾的方法。他们日以继夜地工作。team此处为特指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
96．考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，他们成功地制造出可以治疗小鼠疟疾的青蒿提取物。作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填making。
97．考查代词。句意：为了加快在患者身上的试验进程并确保其安全性，她的团队自愿先在自己身上测试青蒿提取物。修饰名词safety应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
98．考查副词。句意：经过反复试验，他们最终发现，青蒿素是青蒿提取物中最有效的部分。修饰动词discover应用副词finally，故填finally。
99．考查定语从句。句意：经过反复试验，他们最终发现，青蒿素是青蒿提取物中最有效的部分。定语从句修饰先行词qinghaosu，在从句作主语，指物，故用which或that引导。故填which/that。
100．考查非谓语动词。句意：屠呦呦在她的诺贝尔奖演讲中鼓励科学家们探索中医的宝库，并将其提升到更高的水平。短语encourage sb. to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”。故填to explore。
101．developed 102．is designed 103．scientific 104．that/which 105．has made 106．completely 107．incorrect 108．but/yet 109．with 110．promising
【导语】这是一篇说明文。ChatGPT是由OpenAI开发的功能强大的聊天机器人，于2022年11月推出。文章对这款聊天机器人进行了介绍。
101．考查过去分词。句意：ChatGPT是由OpenAI开发的功能强大的聊天机器人，于2022年11月推出。动词develop意为“开发”，和系动词之间没有连词，根据“by OpenAI”可知，和逻辑主语chatbot构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填developed。
102．考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：它被设计成以一种自然、直观的方式做出反应，并且有许多潜在的用途。根据“Built on top of OpenAI’s GPT-3 family of large language models, it engages in human-like dialogue egged by prompting.”可知，此处应用一般现在时。动词design意为“设计”，和主语构成被动关系。主语it为第三人称单数。故填is designed。
103．考查形容词。句意：从科学的角度来看，有必要密切关注这些技术的发展，然后才能对它们的功效和有益性质作出结论。修饰名词应用形容词scientific表示“科学的”作定语。故填scientific。
104．考查定语从句。句意：因此，我们不应该恐慌地认为聊天机器人将会占据到目前为止需要人类来完成的工作。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为jobs，所以应用关系代词which或that。故填that/which。
105．考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：首先，ChatGTP在自然语言处理方面取得了相当大的进步，但要完全理解人类的思维和语言能力，它还有很长的路要走，因为当涉及到专业写作时，ChatGPT有时会写出听起来似乎合理但不正确或荒谬的答案。此处表示动作发生在过去，但对现在产生结果或影响，所以应用现在完成时。主语ChatGTP为第三人称单数。故填has made。
106．考查副词。句意：首先，ChatGTP在自然语言处理方面取得了相当大的进步，但要完全理解人类的思维和语言能力，它还有很长的路要走，因为当涉及到专业写作时，ChatGPT有时会写出听起来似乎合理但不正确或荒谬的答案。修饰动词understand应用副词completely表示“完全地”作状语。故填completely。
107．考查形容词的反义词。句意：首先，ChatGTP在自然语言处理方面取得了相当大的进步，但要完全理解人类的思维和语言能力，它还有很长的路要走，因为当涉及到专业写作时，ChatGPT有时会写出听起来似乎合理但不正确或荒谬的答案。根据“or nonsensical”可知，此处是指不正确或荒谬的答案，所以应用形容词incorrect表示“不正确的”作定语。故填incorrect。
108．考查连词。句意：它可能会对大多数一般性问题给出一些很好的答案，但它不能代替专业建议，如医疗预后和处方，或法律建议。根据前文“It might give some good answers to most of the general questions”和后文“it is no substitute for professional advice, such as medical prognosis and prescriptions, or legal advice”可知，前后构成转折关系，且空格后没有逗号，所以应用连词but或yet表示“但是”。故填but/yet。
109．考查介词。句意：其次，ChatGPT仍然是一个应用非常有限的产品。根据“very limited application”可知，此处是指有着非常有限的应用，所以应用介词with表示“具有”。故填with。
110．考查形容词。句意：然而，作为一项有前途的人工智能发展，ChatGPT即使不是在短期内，也可能在中期取得进展。根据“ChatGPT is likely to advance in the medium, if not the short term”可知，此处是指一项有前途的人工智能发展，所以应用形容词promising表示“有前途的”作定语。故填promising。
111．confirmed 112．was listed 113．extinction 114．making 115．richest 116．discoveries 117．that/which 118．a 119．as 120．interested
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学家们于2021年首次发现了两个新的植物品种。这两个新的植物品种的出现的背后不仅有国家政策的大力支持而且还得益于经济的发展使科学家能够深入未知地区。
111．考查时态。句意：他们后来证实，它们是新的兰花和樱草花品种。分析句子成分可知，空处应为谓语动词。照应句意以及“later”可知，应为一般过去时。故填confirmed。
112．考查时态和语态。句意：然后，国际自然保护联盟将这种名为Gastrochilus heminii的小型兰花列为数据不足的物种，这意味着有更多的信息来评估其灭绝的风险。分析句子成分可知，空处应为谓语动词。照应时间状语“then”以及主语“the tiny orchid”可知，应为一般过去时，且用单数。故填was listed。
113．考查名词。句意：然后，国际自然保护联盟将这种名为Gastrochilus heminii的小型兰花列为数据不足的物种，这意味着有更多的信息来评估其灭绝的风险。照应空前的介词“of”可知，应为名词extinction作宾语，为不可数名词。故填extinction。
114．考查非谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，科学家们只在野外发现了一小块这种花，这使得它非常罕见。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词。结合句意，应为doing形式作结果状语，表示自然而然地结果。故填making。
115．考查形容词最高级。句意：根据《中国生物多样性保护白皮书》，中国拥有世界上最丰富的生物多样性，并拥有相对完善的植物保护体系。根据空后的名词“biodiversity”以及空前定冠词“the”可知，应为形容词最高级修饰名词。故填richest。
116．考查名词的数。句意：能够大量发现的原因是新的交通基础设施和使科学家能够深入未知地区的技术。根据空前短语“the wealth of”可知，“大量的发现”，所以提示词应为复数。故填discoveries。
117．考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：第二个原因是，随着科学家对分类学认识的加深，一些过去发现的植物物种后来被重新分类为新物种。分析句子成分可知，空处应为限制性定语从句的关系代词指代先行词“some flora species”，为物，且在从句中充当主语，故应为that或which。故填that/which。
118．考查冠词。句意：第三个原因是中国大规模的生态恢复计划帮助一些濒危物种重新出现。固定搭配a number of“许多”。故填a。
119．考查介词。句意：稀有的本地植物具有研究价值，也可以作为保护工作的典范，让公众对科学和自然产生兴趣。固定搭配serve as“作为……；充当……”。故填as。
120．考查形容词。句意：稀有的本地植物具有研究价值，也可以作为保护工作的典范，让公众对科学和自然产生兴趣。分析句子成分可知，空处应为形容词作宾语补足语，说明宾语“the public”的状态。故填interested。
121．which/that 122．fell 123．inspired 124．themselves 125．wavelengths 126．development 127．to create 128．from 129．the 130．easily
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种模仿章鱼

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