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新高考高三英语书面表达作文讲义（二十）
读后续写提分六大步骤满分指导（例文解释说明）
强调一下，概要写作一般以议论文或说明文为主，提炼中心词，关键句，不忘承上启下的连接词，千万不要加上自己的观点，一般以第三人称概述。读后续写应遵从以下原则，下面以一篇原文为例来说明一下读后续写的6大步骤。
1. 理解阅读文本， 掌握其大意， 关注画线关键词；
2. 找出阅读文本中的悬念， 并根据悬念发挥想象，续写故事；
3. 理解所给两个段落首句的隐含意思，注意续写故事的连贯性；
4. 明白读后续写的要求和评分原则。
Step 1： Skim the passage and find out the basic information of the passage.
重读原文，找记叙文要素之时间、地点和人物
I was responding to a call from a small brick flat in a quiet part of town. I assumed I was being sent to pick up some party-goers，or someone who had just had a fight with a lover，or a worker heading to an early shift at some factory for the industrial part of town.
When I arrived at 2：30 a.m., the building was dark except for a single light in a ground floor window. Under such circumstances, many drivers just honk（按喇叭） once or twice，wait a minute，then drive away. But I had seen too many weak people who depended on taxis as their only means of transportation.
Unless a situation smelled of danger，I always went to the door.
This passenger might be someone who needs my assistance，I reasoned to myself. So I walked to the door and knocked. “Just a minute，” answered a frail(虚弱的)，elderly voice. I could hear something being dragged across the floor. After a long pause，the door opened. A small woman in her 80s stood before me. She was wearing a print dress (印花裙子) and a pillbox hat (小圆帽)，like somebody who was going to a party in a 1940s movie. By her side was a small nylon suitcase.
The apartment looked as if no one had lived in it for years. All the furniture was covered with sheets. There were no clocks on the walls, no equipment on the counters. In the corner was a cardboard box filled with photos and glassware(玻璃器皿).
“Would you carry my bag out to the car？” she said. I took the suitcase to the cab，then returned to assist the woman. She took my arm，and we walked slowly toward the cab.
She kept thanking me for my kindness. “It's nothing. I just try to treat my passengers the way I would want my mother treated.” I told her and asked where she was headed. Having given me an address, a hospice (临终医院), she asked. “Could you drive through downtown ”
Para1: "But it isn’t the shortest way,” I reminded her. “No, it isn't.” she answered, “But it was the last chance for me to …
Para2: We drove in silence to the address she had given me, and…
WHEN: 2:30 am
WHERER:
a brick flat in a quiet part of town
a hospice--a hospice is a special hospital for people who are dying
WHO: “I” the driver, a small woman
Step 2: read the passage again and find the details.
A brick flat:
“the building was dark except for a single light in a ground floor window”
“The apartment looked as if no one had lived in it for years. All the furniture was covered with sheets. There were no clocks on the walls, no equipment on the counters. In the corner was a cardboard box filled with photos and glassware(玻璃器皿).”
Downtown:
“‘But it isn’t the shortest way,’ I reminded her. ‘No, it isn’t.’”
“But it was the last chance for me to …”
“I” the driver:
Unless a situation smelled of danger，I always went to the door.
This passenger might be someone who needs my assistance, I reasoned to myself.
I took the suitcase to the cab，then returned to assist the woman. She took my arm，and we walked slowly toward the cab.
She kept thanking me for my kindness. “It's nothing. I just try to treat my passengers the way I would want my mother treated.”
The small woman:
“But I had seen too many weak people who depended on taxis as their only means of transportation.”
“‘Just a minute, ’ answered a frail (虚弱的)，elderly voice. I could hear something being dragged across the floor.”
“A small woman in her 80s stood before me. She was wearing a print dress (印花裙子) and a pillbox hat (小圆帽)，like somebody who was going to a party in a 1940s movie. By her side was a small nylon suitcase.”
“She kept thanking me for my kindness.”
“Having given me an address, a hospice (临终医院), she asked. ‘Could you drive through downtown ’”
Step Three: Read the passage for the third time and try to outline the development of the plot:
三读原文，续写情节。
“But it(through downtown) isn’t the shortest way,” I reminded her. “No, it isn’t.” she answered, “But it was the last chance for me to …
We drove in silence to the address she had given me, and…
首先要明确的是，从老人家里蒙着床单的家具(covered by sheets)，司机对她是“身体不好(weak people)”的推测, 80多岁的高龄(in her 80s), 虚弱的声音(frail voice)，和没有被补充完整的“最后的机会”(my last chance)，要去临终医院(the hospice)的人肯定是老人自己(the small woman)，而不是她的儿子或丈夫甚至父母之类。
根据老人哪怕绕远路也要去市中心，以及她的富有年代感的盛装打扮，应当可以推断出老人是想要去故地重游，在生命终结之前，对往昔岁月进行一场隆重的告别。所以第一段的主要内容应围绕着“怀旧”来写，可以描述车窗外市中心的场景，辅以老人的诉说(自言自语)。
根据给出的第二段开头“她之前给我的地址”(“the address she had given me”)所指为临终医院(the hospice)，第二段的主要内容应围绕到达临终医院后老人和司机的互动展开。
为了连接续写的两个段落，第一段结尾最好提一下市中心之旅已经结束，比如“At last, she said she was tired and wanted to go to the hospice.”。根据行驶过程中两人都没有说话(“We drove in silence…”)，最好在第一段结尾交代一下原因，比如老人沉浸在回忆中，又想到生命走到尽头，因为悲痛所以没有说话；或者是老人本来会低声自语，但司机提到了让她伤心的往事，于是陷入沉默；再比如老人身体虚弱，所以无力再说话……
Step four: Infer the theme and finish the end of the writing:
推断主题，完成续写。
可以是体现爱。虽然司机和老人是陌生人，但是司机把老人当做自己母亲来对待（有些考生还提到老人也觉得司机像自己的儿子），让老人在人生的最后一程感觉到温暖。文章可以以老人感谢司机结尾（也有同学写到司机经过此事的启发，决定第二天去看望自己的母亲）。
可以是对死亡的思索。原文中的老人虽然孤苦，但却在告别人生的仪式中穿上了年轻时穿过的裙子(a print dress)和礼帽(a pillbox hat)，所以可以顺应原文塑造一下老人或是优雅从容或是乐观豁达去赴“死亡之约”(the party of death)的形象。文章可以以司机为老人感动结尾。
Step Five: brief the students some unreasonable points.
以孩子为重点。“It turned out that she was diagnosed with cancer and became single after her son’s death.”Para 1: 去看儿子（结婚五年了，没来看过她）Para 2: 回忆儿子的各种好。
点评：不要增加不必要的跟主题无关的故事情节。（比如讲述儿子是怎么死的？---有的交通事故，有的交友不慎，走上犯罪的道路，有的跟妈妈有过节，不来看妈妈等等。）
老人死在路上。“…and when we arrived at the hospice, I found that she had passed away as I opened the door to assist her. ”
点评：（尽量不要安排这样的情节。老妇人是一个很有计划的人---看她的打扮，看她的说话方式，看她打电话叫车，看她家里的家具sheets）
结尾过于出乎意料，偏离主题。“I drove back home, opened the suitcase and found it was filled with money. （crazy about money ）
Step Six: Brief the students some excellent ideas.
第一段重游市中心的过程中，司机故意开得很慢，为了让老人不留遗憾。
第二段老人下车时，要付钱给司机，司机拒绝了。
适当呼应前文。
·She smiled and turned around, saying "goodbye" as if she was going to a party in a 1940s movie.
·We drove in silence to the address she had given me, and with my assistance, she got out of the car. She thanked me again and made an attempt to pay me, which immediately met with my rejection. With a glimpse not on purpose though, I saw a photo in her purse. As she made her way to the hospice with a stagger, the dawn appeared and outlined her small figure. Bathing in the lightof the morning sun, she turned around and waved me goodbye with a warm smile, so warm that it reminded me of what I had seen in that photo: A young couple，the husband in a soldier suit, and the wife wearing a print dress and a pillbox hat.
参考范文
Paragraph 1:
Having given me an address, a hospice , she asked. "Could you drive through downtown " Asked why we didn't take the shortest way, the small woman told me it was the last chance for her to visit the city. We drove through the neighborhood where she and her husband had lived. Besides, she asked me to slow in front of a particular building or corner and would sit staring into the darkness, saying nothing. At last, she said she was tired and wanted to go to the hospice.
Paragraph 2:
we drove in silence to the address she had given me , and it was a low building,where the old lady would live the rest of her life. Two nurses who must have been expecting her came out to the cab as soon as we pulled up. I opened the trunk and took the suitcase to the door and the woman was already seated in a wheelchair. When she asked how much she owed me, without thinking, I said nothing and bent to give her a bug . It was my assistance that helped one of weak people realize her wish.

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