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初三高频考点梳理
常见动词短语辨析
【cut】
cut off 切断；中断；使死亡；剥夺继承权
cut down v. 削减；砍倒；杀死；删节；胜过
cut in 插嘴；超车；插入
cut into v. 打断；侵犯
cut through 刺穿；抄近路走过
cut up vt. 切碎；抨击
cut back on 削减，缩减；减低
【get】
get off下车；下来；脱下；离开动身；免于受罚；从…下来；脱下（衣服等）；
get across解释清楚；使通过；清楚；使被理解
get used to 习惯于…
get rid 摆脱；排除；处理掉
get up 起床，筹备；打扮
get back 回来；恢复；取回；重新上台
get on 上车，上马；进展，使前进
get out of 逃避；避免
get through 通过；到达；做完；接通电话
get away 离开；逃脱；出发
【give】
give up放弃；停止；投降；使埋头于
give over停止；交托；放弃；交出
give away 放弃；泄露；分发；出卖
give out 分发，发出；公布，发表；用尽，精疲力竭
give in v. 屈服；让步；交上
give off 发出（光等）；长出（枝、杈等）
give me a hand 帮我一下
【let】
let out放掉；发出；放走；放出
let alone更不用说；更别提；不干涉；不打扰
let down使失望；降低；放低；放衣服
let down使失望；放下
let in放进；让．．．进入；进入；……
let out v. 放出；泄露；出租
let down 使失望；放下；辜负；减速下降
let off 放出；准许…暂停工作；宽恕
【make】
be make from 由…制成，构成
be make in 在何地制造
be make of： 可利用
be make up of： 由……组成
make sure 确信；证实
make up 组成；化妆；整理
make full use of 充分利用
make up for 补偿，弥补
make a difference 有影响，有关系
make good use of 充分利用；很好地使用
【put】
put forward v. 提出；拿出；放出；推举出
put in 提出，提交；放入；种植；使就职
put on 穿上；上演；增加；假装；使…上场
put into 使进入；把...放进；在……上种植
put up 提供；建造；举起；推举，提名；供给…住宿
put out 熄灭；伸出；出版；使不方便，打扰
put down 镇压；记下；贬低；制止
put off 推迟；扔掉；阻止
put into use 使用，应用；投入使用
put away 放好；抛弃；储存
put up with v. 忍受；容忍
put through 接通；完成；使穿过；使从事，使经受
【take】
take part 参与， 参加
take part in 参加，参与
take on 承担；呈现；具有；流行；接纳；雇用；穿上
take up 拿起；开始从事
take effect 生效；起作用
take off 起飞；脱下；离开
take out v. 取出；去掉；出发；抵充
take into 考虑到；说服
take in 接受；理解；拘留；欺骗；让…进入；改短
take over 接管；接收
take good care 好好照顾；珍重
典型例题链接：
1. He chose to go to the USA for further education against his parents' will, but it _____ to be
a wise choice.（动词短语词义辨析）
A. put out B. broke out C. turned out D. carried out
2.一You seem in a good mood today!
一Yes. You know what I finally got my father ______ his mind to let me study abroad.
A. to change B. changes C. changed D. change
3. We may meet difficulties in the future, but we should be confident enough to ______any challenge.
A. put on B. get on C. try on D. take on
4.―My computer works much more slowly these days.
―Maybe it has caught a virus. The computer requires _______ regularly.
A. checking B. to check C. check D. checked
5.―I'm stressed from time to time. Could you give me some advice
―_______sharing your worries with your parents
A. How about B. Why don't you C. Will you D. Would you like
6.一It has kept raining for a week and I am bored to death.
一 _______going shopping and seeing a show with me
A. Shall we B. Let's C. Why not D. How about
7.一English is very important, so don't ________ . 一Thank you.
A. give it up; I will B. give it up; I won't
C. give up it; I will D. give up it; I won't
8.一It's hard for these parents to _______the problems with their children.
一That's true. 14 is such a difficult age.
A. get into B. deal with C. think of D. go over
9. Miss Grace has been very busy these days, for she has a lot of problems to _______ ．
A. agree with B. come up with C. get on with D. deal with
10. You need not only talent but also hard work to become a______ basketball player.
A. modest B. successful C. energetic D. organized
11. —Has Jim made a _____ about your problems
—Yes, it is very useful to me, I think.
A. difference B. decision C. suggestion D. speech
动词时态语态
1. 动词的时态主要有：
一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时、一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、一般过去将来时、一般将来时、将来进行时和将来完成时等。
2. 一般将来时的表达方式：
(1)一般将来时表示未来的动作或状态，常与表示将来的时间状语，如：tomorrow, next day, soon, in a month, in the future, next Sunday等连用。有时句中无时间状语，时间关系由上下文暗示；
(2)will do还表示临时的决定；
(3)在if, unless, before, after, until等引导的条件或时间状语从句中，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时，而主句用一般将来时；
(4) “be going to+动词原形”表示打算、计划、决定要做的事或有迹象表明即将发生的动作或状态；
(5) “be+V-ing形式”表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，这一结构常用于以下动词，如：come, go, leave, arrive, return, fly, meet, see, do, have, get等；
(6) “be about to+动词原形”表示打算或安排即将发生的动作。它一般不与表示时间的副词或其他时间状语连用；
(7) “be to+动词原形”表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作；
(8) 一般现在时表示按时刻表或根据规定将要发生的动作，这一结构常用于表示位移的动词，如：come, go, leave, start, begin, take off, set off等。
动词的语态
1. 一般现在时的被动语态：
is/am/are+V-ed。例如：English is widely spoken all over the world.
2. 一般过去时的被动语态：
was/were+V-ed。例如：The underground was built five years ago.
3. 一般将来时的被动语态：
①will/shall be+V-ed。例如：
The decision will be made at the meeting tomorrow.
We shall be punished if we break the rule.
②be going to be+V-ed。例如：The problem is going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.
③be to be+V-ed。例如：The sports meet is to be held on April 20.
4. 现在完成时的被动语态：
have/has been +V-ed。例如：Many a house has been built in our city so far.
5. 现在进行时的被动语态：
is/am/are being+V-ed。例如：The stadium is being built in the north of our city at present.
6. 短语动词在变被动语态时，因其是一个不可分割的整体，故不可丢掉短语动词的介词或副词。例如：
The nurse took good care of the patients.→The patients were taken good care of by the nurse.
7.
带有双宾语的句子的被动语态：带有双宾语的句子在变为被动结构时，可以将一个变为主语，另一个（多为直接宾语）仍旧保留在谓语后面。例如：
My aunt gave me a bike.
→I was given a bike by my aunt.
→A bike was given to me by my aunt.
8. 带有复合宾语的句子，变为被动结构时，宾语补足语相应变为主语补足语。要注意，主动语态中作宾语补足语的不带to的不定式，在变为被动语态时要带to。例如：
(1)The boss made his workers work hard for him every day.→His workers were made to work hard for him every day by the boss.
(2)Everyone calls him Big Brother.→He was called Big Brother by everyone.
(3)I saw him going into the supermarket.→He was seen going into the supermarket.
9. 带有情态动词的句子在变为被动语态时，可变成：情态动词+be/have been+V-ed。例如：
They must like the book very much.→The book must be liked very much by them.
She must have known the truth.→The truth must have been known by her.
不用于被动语态的主要词汇
1. 系动词，如：look, sound, sense, smell, feel, appear, remain, stay, keep等不用于被动语态。
2. 不及物动词及短语动词，如：arise, happen, occur, last, take place, break out, belong to, consist of, come about, come out等不用于被动语态。
典型例题链接：
1.一We have only fifty minutes left.
一No hurry. I guess our flight because of the snowstorm.
A. has cancelled B. was cancelled C. will cancel D. will be cancelled
2. — When did you lose your mobile phone
— I'm not sure. Maybe when I my dog in the park.
A. am walking B. was walking C. walked D. have walked
3. Look! Someone the classroom. It is so tidy.
A. is cleaning B. clean C. will clean D. has cleaned
动词填空 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. It’s reported that Chinese White Dolphins _________ (face) the danger of dying out now.
2. If we don’t work hard today, we _________ (live) to be sorry about our laziness in old age.
3. He always keeps his promise, so there is no reason for us _________ (doubt) his words.(定语从句)
4. Look! These are the very newspapers that _________ (need) for the recent project.（定语从句）
5. When I looked through the window, I found the baby himself _________ (lie) in bed quietly.
6. In the recent days people are complaining about the air pollution because lots of children _________ (fall) ill.
7. It’s known to all that learning a foreign language well ________ (require) action, or you won’t master it well.
8. — Why hasn’t Eden come
— The invitation letter ________ (email) to Evan by accident.
Part 2 书面表达
书面表达解题技巧
“六步走”
“六步走”指的是：一审、二列、三扩、四连、五美、六抄。
一审 审文体、要求、人称、时态、内容(主题
二列 列提纲,确定文章框架,列全要点
三扩 扩写句子在主的基础上添枝加叶
四连 连句成文,句子与段落之间适当加入连接词
五美 美化文章,使用修饰词、复合句、谚语、俗语等
六抄 书写工整，卷面整洁
注意：
1．仔细审题，切忌急于下笔。对于所提供的材料要认真分析，反复推敲，抓住要点，掌握大意。在审题过程中应大概确定写作目标、文章格式、体裁等。
2．考生应综合分析所提供的语言信息和语言材料，找出其内在联系，把它们有机地组织起来，编拟出要点提纲。
3．尽量使用自己最熟悉、最有把握的句型和短语表达，但也要尽量灵活变通，使用多种句型句式，避免重复、单调。如遇到个别要点表达不出来或难以表达，可采用变通的办法，化难为易，化繁为简。总之，所造句子要正确、得体、符合英语表达习惯。
4．用英语思维和表达，切忌汉语式英语。
5．行文要连贯，语句要通顺，层次要清楚。上下文的连贯性也是评分的一条原则，因此考生应尽量使用一些表示并列、递进、转折、总结等的过渡词进行加工整理，使文章连贯、自然、流畅。
6．通读文章，检查改错。作文评卷是根据要点、语言准确性、上下文的连贯性来给分，根据错误多少来扣分。
因此，考试时花几分钟时间用来检查错误显得尤为重要。
检查错误应从以下几个方面入手：
(1)查格式。特别是应用文的格式，如书信、通知等，注意检查各要素是否齐全。
(2)查时态。检查通篇文章时态是否正确，特别是从句中的时态一致问题。
(3)查句式。看句子成分是否完整、语序是否正确等(如宾语从句的语序)；看语言表达是否流畅，切忌将题目要求中的内容逐句译成英语。
(4)查动词。看谓语动词时态是否使用得当、主谓是否一致等。
(5)查习语、搭配。看作文中使用的习语、搭配是否符合英语表达习惯等。
(6)查单词拼写、标点符号和大小写。尤其要注意检查动词的过去分词拼写形式、名词的单复数形式，检查书写是否规范，有无拼写、标点等笔误。
典型例题链接：
书面表达(共1题;满分20分)
某英语报面向全市初三学生征稿:MY HERO AND I，请根据下面提示，为该报写一篇英语短文。
在初三的英语学习中，我认识了很多名人(请从Spud Webb, Anne Frank, Tan Dun, Audrey Hepbrirn, Jackie Chan and Neil Armstrong任选其一)，征稿内容要涵盖以下所有要点。
1. Who has impressed you most
2. What do you know about him/her
3. Why do you admire him/her
4. What have you learned from him/her
注意:
1.文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称;
2.语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范;
3.词数90左右，文章开头与结尾己经给出，不计入总词数。
My Hero And I
After learning the English text books of Junior Three, I'm lucky to get to know many famous
people in different fields, among whom has impressed me most.

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