资源简介

(共168张PPT)
高三年级英语学科
海淀区2022-2023学年高三年级上学期期末练习
——整体解读
整体解读
功能定位
期末
一模
二模
高考
第一轮复习
第二轮复习
期中
起始诊断
体系
预估
整合
评估
聚焦
精估
补缺
保温
试题结构
部分 节次 题型 题数 分值
第一部分 知识运用 第一节 完形填空 10 15
第二节 语法填空 10 15
第二部分 阅读理解 第一节 阅读理解 14 28
第二节 信息还原 5 10
第三部分 书面表达 第一节 阅读表达 4 12
第二节 书面表达 1 20
难度预设：
1. 比一模友好一点（32.20—33.11）
2. 完形填空（部分题目有较好的区分度：3、5、6、8(A40%)）
语法填空（个别题目有区分度）
阅读理解（语篇难度适中，语篇难度呈现点有别于常态，区分度较好题目：21、22、28、30、31、32、33、34(D31%)；信息还原36、37、38（D44%）、39）
阅读表达（微写作审题、扣题、得体完成任务，41、42题）
书面表达（导向性：语言的准确性、审题的严谨，字数，交际性）
海淀期末完形填空讲评
高三年级英语学科
1
选材分析
2
文本分析
3
答案解析
4
复习建议
CONTENTS
目 录
选材分析
01
选材分析
Adapted from Why you need to document your family history
Reader's Digest - Life
17 January, 2023
文本分析
02
Text analysis
Theme
life
family history
memory
love
Structure of the text
When I was little, I’d play chess with my grandfather, and he’d smoke his cigar while telling me stories about growing up, pursuing dreams, and travelling around the world. Yet it was only after he passed away that I 1 how fast his stories had faded away.
Hence the importance of preserving 2 dawned on me, which ultimately changed my previous outlook on remembering our loved ones and the stories we share.
All too often, we take for granted the value that our family histories and personal experiences have had in our lives. They help to 3 who we are, providing markers of our growth. I believe to some degree we are all naturally 4 about our ancestry, but we can be stuck on knowing what questions to ask.
Full of regrets but armed with a newfound 5 , I thought about solutions to help other people record the precious memories for those they love—before it’s too late. As freelancer (自由职业者) platforms became mainstream, I discovered many highly qualified writers were 6 around the world, so I began matching ghostwriters (代笔者) with clients to help them write a book. Then, Story Tree, a memoir-writing service, was 7 .
Since then, we have explored the power of stories and their ability to connect us with our past and 8 the present. It has been documented that learning more about one’s family history has been linked to 9 emotional health, increasing compassion and providing a deeper sense of cultures and traditions.
Among all the heritage stories at Story Tree, family is a dominant theme. Other common themes are love, enterprising spirit, overcoming difficulty, and settling in new surroundings. However, 10 is a thread that always ties these together.
personal experience
reflection
New-found purpose and significance
答案解析
03
各题正答得分率
1. A. doubted B. imagined C. realized D. counted
2. A. hobbies B. relationships C. evidences D. memories
3. A. shape B. confirm C. present D. perfect
4. A. certain B. curious C. cautious D. confused
5. A. business B. relief C. purpose D. talent
6. A. available B. accessible C. admirable D. acceptable
7. A. approved B. found C. updated D. born
8. A. catch up with B. put up withC. make sense of D. take advantage of
9. A. risking B. boosting C. assessing D. monitoring
10. A. family B. community C. culture D. history
93.63%
93.71%
58.29%
69.99%
57.17%
49.85%
80.06%
35.72%
71.38%
68.08%
When I was little, I’d play chess with my grandfather, and he’d smoke his cigar while telling me stories about growing up, pursuing dreams, and travelling around the world. Yet it was only after he passed away that I 1 how fast his stories had faded away.
Hence the importance of preserving 2 dawned on me, which ultimately changed my previous outlook on remembering our loved ones and the stories we share.
1. A. doubted B. imagined C. realized D. counted
2. A. hobbies B. relationships C. evidences D. memories
realize: become aware of…认识到，意识到
His footsteps/enthusiasm/hope faded away.
She is fading away rapidly.
When I was little, I’d play chess with my grandfather, and he’d smoke his cigar while telling me stories about growing up, pursuing dreams, and travelling around the world. Yet it was only after he passed away that I 1 how fast his stories had faded away.
Hence the importance of preserving 2 dawned on me, which ultimately changed my previous outlook on remembering our loved ones and the stories we share.
1. A. doubted B. imagined C. realized D. counted
2. A. hobbies B. relationships C. evidences D. memories
dawn on sb: if sth dawns on you, you begin to realize it for the first time使…逐渐领悟/开始理解
All too often, we take for granted the value that our family histories and personal experiences have had in our lives. They help to 3 who we are, providing markers of our growth. I believe to some degree we are all naturally 4 about our ancestry, but we can be stuck on knowing what questions to ask.
3. A. shape B. confirm C. present D. perfect
塑造，影响 确认26% 展现 13% 完善
4. A. certain B. curious C. cautious D. confused
shape: to have an important influence on the way that sb,/sth develops
shape one’s idea
58.29%
69.99%
All too often, we take for granted the value that our family histories and personal experiences have had in our lives. They help to 3 who we are, providing markers of our growth. I believe to some degree we are all naturally 4 about our ancestry, but we can be stuck on knowing what questions to ask.
3. A. shape B. confirm C. present D. perfect
塑造，影响 确认 展现 完善
4. A. certain B. curious C. cautious D. confused15%
确定，确信 好奇 小心谨慎 迷惑，糊涂
be curious about : have a strong desire to know about sth
逻辑关系
58.29%
69.99%
Full of regrets but armed with a newfound 5 , I thought about solutions to help other people record the precious memories for those they love—before it’s too late. As freelancer (自由职业者) platforms became mainstream, I discovered many highly qualified writers were 6 around the world, so I began matching ghostwriters (代笔者) with clients to help them write a book. Then, Story Tree, a memoir-writing service, was 7 .
5. A. business 24% B. relief C. purpose D. talent
6. A. available B. accessible C. admirable D. acceptable
7. A. approved B. found C. updated D. born
purpose: meaning that is important and valuable to you 意义，价值，使命
be armed with sth: have/know what you need to perform a task备有所需的…
57.17%
49.85%
80.06%
Full of regrets but armed with a newfound 5 , I thought about solutions to help other people record the precious memories for those they love—before it’s too late. As freelancer (自由职业者) platforms became mainstream, I discovered many highly qualified writers were 6 around the world, so I began matching ghostwriters (代笔者) with clients to help them write a book. Then, Story Tree, a memoir-writing service, was 7 .
5. A. business B. relief C. purpose D. talent
6. A. available B. accessible 24.6% C. admirable17.8% D. acceptable
7. A. approved B. found C. updated D. born
available: if sb is available, they have enough time to do something有空，有条件
accessible: if sb is accessible, they are easy to talk to and to get to know易相处的
if sth is accessible, they are easy to understand or they can be reached, entered, used, seen 可到达/接近/使用的,通俗易懂的
57.17%
49.85%
80.06%
Full of regrets but armed with a newfound 5 , I thought about solutions to help other people record the precious memories for those they love—before it’s too late. As freelancer (自由职业者) platforms became mainstream, I discovered many highly qualified writers were 6 around the world, so I began matching ghostwriters (代笔者) with clients to help them write a book. Then, Story Tree, a memoir-writing service, was 7 .
5. A. business B. relief C. purpose D. talent
6. A. available B. accessible C. admirable D. acceptable
7. A. approved B. found15.37% C. updated D. born
批准，通过 更新 诞生
found 创办，创建 =establish found-founded-founded
born 成立，出现
57.17%
49.85%
80.06%
Since then, we have explored the power of stories and their ability to connect us with our past and 8 the present. It has been documented that learning more about one’s family history has been linked to 9 emotional health, increasing compassion and providing a deeper sense of cultures and traditions.
8. A. catch up with B. put up with C. make sense of D. take advantage of
追上 40.8% 忍受 理解 利用
9. A. risking B. boosting C. assessing D. monitoring
make sense of: to understand sth that is difficult or has no clear meaning 理解弄懂（不易理解的事物）
博古知今
35.72%
71.38%
They then had their first date in a park as the restrictions were 6 in
May. It turned out the couple had lived in the same neighborhood for much of their lives, but it 7 a global pandemic to finally bring them together. Perhaps the fact that the couple could lean on each other during the lockdown meant that they had built a 8 foundation before they met up. As Marco shared on his social media, “We are considering a wedding ceremony on the large roof of my apartment building, which would 9 since we met on our balconies”.
6. A. lifted B. announced C. introduced D. rejected
7. A. caused B. deserved C. needed D. took
8. A. sound B. material C. fresh D. basic
9. A. work out B. take effect C. make sense D. pay off
回顾勾连：海淀期中完形
有意义，讲的通，合乎情理
Since then, we have explored the power of stories and their ability to connect us with our past and 8 the present. It has been documented that learning more about one’s family history has been linked to 9 emotional health, increasing compassion and providing a deeper sense of cultures and traditions.
8. A. catch up with B. put up with C. make sense of D. take advantage of
9. A. risking B. boosting C. assessing D. monitoring
使冒风险 增强 评估 监控
boost: to make sth increase or become better or more successful 增长，增强
35.72%
71.38%
Among all the heritage stories at Story Tree, family is a dominant theme. Other common themes are love, enterprising spirit, overcoming difficulty, and settling in new surroundings. However, 10 is a thread that always ties these together.
10. A. family B. community C. culture D. history 24%
注意逻辑关系
68.08%
2022~2023学年高三英语
二模练习语法填空
高三年级英语学科
1
考查目标与考点分布
2
3
语法填空考点解析
4
二模阅卷注意事项
CONTENTS
目 录
语法填空备考建议
考查目标与考点分布
01
A
This was not my first attempt to learn to ride a bike. I had tried on several occasions but always 11 (fail). But this shot felt somewhat different. Determined to succeed, I took to the streets of our quiet neighborhood. The learning process proved 12 (pain), but I went at it anyway. After a month of labor, I made it. I began my daily tours on the back streets with light traffic and gradually cycled to busier areas 13 I could share the street with dog walkers. I could also greet my neighbors, appreciating how everything functioned 14 harmony.
B
In recent years, shared vegetable plots have been springing up in the city’s suburban districts, as more people turn to farming to escape the pressure of city life. A shared ecological farm in Beijing is a typical example, which 15 (come) with shared vegetable plots, barbecue pits , and leisure areas. “In my previous companies, 16 my colleagues would always discuss about was food quality and how much they liked organic produce,” says the founder. “This has partly made farming popular because people can see for 17 (they) where their vegetables come from and be assured of the quality.”
C
Sanfutie is a bandage made of traditional Chinese herbal medicine. It is believed that 18 (receive) Sanfutie during the hottest summer days is effective for coughs, asthma, and arthritis.
The treatment 19 (base) on the TCM principle of yin and yang, which believes the balance of both elements in the body is vital for good health. Sanfutie contains a paste of herbs that are “hot” in nature, and when 20 (apply) to specific acupuncture points (穴位), usually on the back and neck, it refills the body with the yang elements.
主题：人与自我
记叙文：“我”学骑自行车的经历与启示
99 words
主题：人与自然
说明文：城市居民兴起“共享菜地”
98 words
主题：人与社会
说明文：传统文化--三伏贴的功用
93 words
题材、体裁多样
语法考查兼顾文化理解
突出学科育人
1、阅读理解语篇的能力;
2、分析句子结构的能力;
3、熟练运用语法的能力；
4、准确地单词拼写能力。
突出考查主干语法项目（时态语态、非谓语、主从复合句），兼顾其它语法项目。
序号 考点
11 时态语态（一般过去时）
12 词形变化（pain – painful）
13 定语从句（where）
14 介词（in）
15 时态语态（一般现在时）
16 名词性从句（主语从句，what）
17 代词 （themselves）
18 非谓语（doing， 作主语）
19 时态语态（一般现在时被动）
20 非谓语（done, 作状语）
考查目标及考点分布
考点 2023海淀期中 2023海淀期末 2023海淀一模 2023海淀二模
动词 时态 语态 12题：过去时 (was removed 被动) 15题：现在完成时 (have risen) 17题：一般现在时(influences 三单) 12题：进行时（are struggling, have been struggling） 19题：将来时 (will be introduced/ is(are) going to be introduced 20题：一般时 （has/will have） 11题：过去式被动were documented 18题：现在完成时has gone 19题：一般现在时touches 11题：一般过去时failed
15题：一般现在时comes
19题：一般现在时被动is based
非谓语动词 14题：过去分词 (released 作定语修饰report) 16题：现在分词 (buying 作定语) 15题：过去分词 (surveyed 作定语修饰 graduates) 17题：不定式( To help作状语) 13题：现在分词collecting做状语 17题：不定式to influence做状语 18题：现在分词receiving作主语
20题：过去分词applied作状语
主从复合句 定从 14题：定语从句（ who） 12题：定语从句(that/which) 13：定语从句（where)
名从 18题：宾从(介词about后面的宾语what) 13题：宾语从句(how引导） 20题：宾语从句（about 后面的whether ） 16题：主语从句(what引导)
状从 19题：when / if
并列连词
构词法 （词形变化） 20题：形容词变为名词(capability /capabilities) 16题：词形变化 (assistance) 15题：动词变名词expressions 12题：名词变为形容词（painful)
名词(单复数)
形容词、 副词 11题：形容词变为副词 (continuously) 16题：形容词比较级sadder
介词 13题：介词 (on...) 18： 介词(from ….to) 14题：介词in/into 14题：介词in
代词 17题：themselves
冠词 11题 冠词 (a 修饰可数名词village）
主干语法反复考，常考语法四次试题分布考；
突出语境中考查语法运用，不死记硬背语法条目
考点 2019高考 (北京卷) 2020高考(北京卷) 2021高考(北京卷) 2022高考(北京卷)
动词 时态语态 一般现在时（三单）/现在完成时/一般过去时 一般过去时 一般现在时(三单)/现在完成时/现在进行时/现在完成进行时 一般现在时(被动) 过去完成时/一般过去时 一般现在时(三单) 现在完成时 一般过去时
一般现在时(三单)
现在完成时
非谓语动词 doing (作状语) done (作定语) done (定语) to do (主语 it takes… to do) done (定语)doing (状语) to do (定语) to do (定语)
done (定语)
主从复合句 定从 关系代词 who/that 关系代词 that 关系代词 which
名从 where(宾从，介词than后面的宾语) whether/if (宾从) where (宾从, 介词about后面的宾语) whether(宾从)
状从
并列连词
构词法（词形变化） 名词变形容词 名词变形容词 形容词变副词
名词(单复数) 名词单数变复数 名词单数变复数 名词单数变复数
形容词、副词(比较级最高级) 形容词比较级 形容词比较级
介词 in into on in
代词 myself themselves
冠词
语法填空考点解析
02
语法考点解析
A
This was not my first attempt to learn to ride a bike. I had tried on several occasions but always 11 (fail). But this shot(n.尝试，努力)felt somewhat different. Determined to succeed, I took to(向…跑去，赶赴） the streets of our quiet neighborhood. The learning process proved 12 (pain), but I went at it(努力奋斗） anyway. After a month of labor, I made it. I began my daily tours on the back streets with light traffic and gradually cycled to busier areas 13 I could share the street with dog walkers. I could also greet my neighbors, appreciating how everything functioned 14 harmony.
failed
where
painful
in
11题 考查动词时态 本文为记叙文，描述主人公学骑自行车的经历，被always 修饰，表示过去经常发生的动作,用一般过去时态。
语法考点解析
A
This was not my first attempt to learn to ride a bike. I had tried on several occasions but always 11 (fail). But this shot(n.尝试，努力)felt somewhat different. Determined to succeed, I took to(向…跑去，赶赴） the streets of our quiet neighborhood. The learning process proved 12 (pain), but I went at it(努力奋斗） anyway. After a month of labor, I made it. I began my daily tours on the back streets with light traffic and gradually cycled to busier areas 13 I could share the street with dog walkers. I could also greet my neighbors, appreciating how everything functioned 14 harmony.
failed
where
painful
in
12题 考查词形转换 本句中 prove 为 link V.意为“证明是”，形容词painful作表语,说明主语The learning process 的性质。e.g. The therapy proved effective.
语法考点解析
A
This was not my first attempt to learn to ride a bike. I had tried on several occasions but always 11 (fail). But this shot(n.尝试，努力)felt somewhat different. Determined to succeed, I took to(向…跑去，赶赴） the streets of our quiet neighborhood. The learning process proved 12 (pain), but I went at it(努力奋斗） anyway. After a month of labor, I made it. I began my daily tours on the back streets with light traffic and gradually cycled to busier areas 13 I could share the street with dog walkers. I could also greet my neighbors, appreciating how everything functioned 14 harmony.
failed
where
painful
in
13题 考查定语从句，修饰先行词“busier areas”，在从句 “ I could share the street with dog walkers” 中作地点状语，相当于in the busier areas. 句意为：“一开始，我每天都在车辆稀少的后街散步，逐渐地骑到了更繁华的地区，在这里我可以和遛狗的人们共用街道。”
语法考点解析
A
This was not my first attempt to learn to ride a bike. I had tried on several occasions but always 11 (fail). But this shot(n.尝试，努力)felt somewhat different. Determined to succeed, I took to(向…跑去，赶赴） the streets of our quiet neighborhood. The learning process proved 12 (pain), but I went at it(努力奋斗） anyway. After a month of labor, I made it. I began my daily tours on the back streets with light traffic and gradually cycled to busier areas 13 I could share the street with dog walkers. I could also greet my neighbors, appreciating how everything functioned 14 harmony.
failed
where
painful
in
14题 考查介词 in harmony：和谐地，句意为“我也可以和邻居们打招呼，感受着一切是如何和谐地运转着。”
语法考点解析
B
In recent years, shared vegetable plots (共享菜地）have been springing up（涌现）in the city’s suburban districts, as more people turn to farming to escape the pressure of city life. A shared ecological farm in Beijing is a typical example, which 15 (come) with shared vegetable plots, barbecue pits（烧烤炉）, and leisure areas（休闲区）. “In my previous companies, 16 my colleagues would always discuss about was food quality and how much they liked organic produce,” says the founder. “This has partly made farming popular because people can see for 17 (they) where their vegetables come from and be assured of the quality.”
themselves
what
comes
15题 考查时态 句意为：“北京的一个共享生态农场就是一个典型的例子，它有15块共享的菜地、烧烤坑和休闲区。”运用典型事例介绍事实存在，用一般现在时态，which指代先行词a typical example, 主谓一致，应用动词的三单形式，考查学生在文段理解中的语法运用。
语法考点解析
B
In recent years, shared vegetable plots (共享菜地）have been springing up（涌现）in the city’s suburban districts, as more people turn to farming to escape the pressure of city life. A shared ecological farm in Beijing is a typical example, which 15 (come) with shared vegetable plots, barbecue pits（烧烤炉）, and leisure areas（休闲区）. “In my previous companies, 16 my colleagues would always discuss about was food quality and how much they liked organic produce,” says the founder. “This has partly made farming popular because people can see for 17 (they) where their vegetables come from and be assured of the quality.”
themselves
what
comes
16题 考查主语从句 句意为：“在我以前的公司里，我的同事们总是讨论食品质量，以及他们有多喜欢有机农产品。” 其中was是主句谓语，谓语前内容为主语，因此本题考查主语从句，从句中discuss about后缺少宾语，表示“我的同事们所讨论的事物”，故答案为what。
语法考点解析
B
In recent years, shared vegetable plots (共享菜地）have been springing up（涌现）in the city’s suburban districts, as more people turn to farming to escape the pressure of city life. A shared ecological farm in Beijing is a typical example, which 15 (come) with shared vegetable plots, barbecue pits（烧烤炉）, and leisure areas（休闲区）. “In my previous companies, 16 my colleagues would always discuss about was food quality and how much they liked organic produce,” says the founder. “This has partly made farming popular because people can see for 17 (they) where their vegetables come from and be assured of the quality.”
themselves
what
comes
17题 考查代词 句意为：“这在一定程度上使农作（本文指种菜）受到欢迎，因为人们可以亲自看到蔬菜的来源，并对质量有保证。”其中for themselves 作状语，修饰see, 意为：亲自地。
语法考点解析
C
Sanfutie is a bandage（绷带） made of traditional Chinese herbal medicine. It is believed that 18 (receive) Sanfutie during the hottest summer days is effective for coughs, asthma（哮喘）, and arthritis（关节炎）.
The treatment 19 (base) on the TCM principle of yin and yang, which believes the balance of both elements in the body is vital for good health. Sanfutie contains a paste of herbs（草药膏）that are “hot” in nature, and when 20 (apply) to specific acupuncture points (穴位), usually on the back and neck, it refills the body with the yang elements.
applied
is based
receiving
三伏贴，是一种膏药，如银行卡大小，一般四个为一组使用。在夏天农历的头伏日期贴在后背一些特定部位上，据信可以治疗预防冬天发作的某些疾病（如鼻炎，气管炎，咽炎，哮喘等），针对不同的疾病，一般要将四片膏药一起贴在后背的不同位置，保持八小时即可揭下。
三伏贴是一种传统中医的治疗法，结合针灸、经络与中药学，以中药直接贴敷于穴位，经由中药对穴位产生微面积化学性、热性刺激，达到治病、防病的效果。
选择在三伏天贴敷，是根据中医“冬病夏治”的理论，对支气管哮喘、过敏性鼻炎等冬天易发作的宿疾，在一年中最热的三伏天（这段时间是人体阳气最盛的），以辛温祛寒药物贴在背部不同穴位治疗，可以减轻冬季哮喘发作的症状。
语法考点解析
C
Sanfutie is a bandage（绷带） made of traditional Chinese herbal medicine. It is believed that 18 (receive) Sanfutie during the hottest summer days is effective for coughs, asthma（哮喘）, and arthritis（关节炎）.
The treatment 19 (base) on the TCM principle of yin and yang, which believes the balance of both elements in the body is vital for good health. Sanfutie contains a paste of herbs（草药膏）that are “hot” in nature, and when 20 (apply) to specific acupuncture points (穴位), usually on the back and neck, it refills the body with the yang elements.
applied
is based
receiving
18题 考查动名词作主语 句中it是形式主语，that 引导主语从句，is是从句谓语，因此 (receive) Sanfutie during the hottest summer days在从句作主语，应使用doing形式，答案为receiving。句意为：“人们认为，在最热的夏天贴三伏贴对咳嗽、哮喘和关节炎有效。”
19题 考查时态语态 本文为说明文，根据文段特点、语意、主语the treatment ，需用一般现在时被动，单数。
语法考点解析
C
Sanfutie is a bandage（绷带） made of traditional Chinese herbal medicine. It is believed that 18 (receive) Sanfutie during the hottest summer days is effective for coughs, asthma（哮喘）, and arthritis（关节炎）.
The treatment 19 (base) on the TCM principle of yin and yang, which believes the balance of both elements in the body is vital for good health. Sanfutie contains a paste of herbs（草药膏）that are “hot” in nature, and when 20 (apply) to specific acupuncture points (穴位), usually on the back and neck, it refills the body with the yang elements.
applied
is based
receiving
20题 考查分词作状语，在状语从句中，当从句与主句主语一致时，从句可省略主语和be动词,保留连词+非谓语动词，it 指代a paste of herbs，与apply 构成被动关系，相当于when it is applied to …, 故答案为applied. 句意为：“ 三伏贴中含有一种草药膏，性温，当药膏施用于特定的穴位时，通常在背部和脖子，它就给身体补充了阳气。”
阅读理解部分讲评（A+B）
1
文本概况
2
文本解读及难题分析
3
阅读教学建议
CONTENTS
目 录
文本概况
01
阅读文本与题目字数统计：2361-2249
A (应用文) B (记叙文) C (说明文) D (议论文) E(说明文)
2021高考 语篇 284 344 358 441 249
题目 119 159 97 194 100
总数 403 503 455 651 349
2022 高考 语篇 280 349 392 400 224
题目 114 143 129 129 89
总数 394 492 521 529 313
阅读文本与题目字数统计：2361-2249-2514-2597-2680-2693
A (应用文) B (记叙文) C (说明文) D (议论文) E(说明文)
2022 海淀期中 语篇 327 369 421 452 346
题目 119 101 166 130 83
总数 446 470 587 582 429
2022 海淀期末 语篇 352 363 454 482 356
题目 99 103 137 157 94
总数 451 466 591 639 450
2023 海淀一模 语篇 345 (3) 425 (4) 444 (3) 487 (4) 359
题目 104 151 125 154 86
总数 449 576 569 641 445
2023 海淀二模 语篇 358 (3) 397 (4) 434 (3) 475 (4) 344
题目 116 183 126 161 99
总数 474 580 560 636 443
期中、期末、一模、二模四次大考的统筹！
为高考做准备，帮助学生全面复习、沉着应战！
人与自我
人与社会
人与自然
话题覆盖面广:
智能wifi分药盒
英雄不问出处的励志故事
情感上的重新评价对创造力的提升
提升软硬（数字技能）技能助力企业决胜未来
“人水共生”的治水新理念
立德树人
细节6，主旨2，推断4，猜词1，写作目的1
文本解读及难题分析
02
https://www.amazon.com/Automatic-Medication-Monitoring-Adjustable-Prescriptions/dp/B09DMFR85D
A
A
Whether you’re managing medications, daily vitamins or other oral treatments, LiveFine takes the guesswork out of your routine with the ultimate efficiency and reliability system.
This WiFi-enabled Smart Organizer makes taking, tracking, and managing your medications simple—easy dosage templates (药剂模板) allow you to dispense (分配) pills anywhere from once up to nine times a day. 28 spacious sections hold multiple pills, tablets, and capsules in each part, removing the need for regular refills, which is perfect for prescriptions, supplements, vitamins, aspirin, antibiotics, etc.
The user guide provides comprehensive instructions for how to set up. In short, just fill the slots, install your preferred rings, and receive alerts. You can even customize audio and visual device alerts—plus notifications, alarms, and reminders and make missed doses a thing of the past! Just choose from multiple unique device alarm tones and adjust the volume to meet your precise needs.
Use the LiveFine mobile app reminders for added reliability, which takes patient monitoring to another level, with notifications when medications are taken or the dispenser cover is opened. Plus, the app provides simple review of past doses, with times recorded for each administered dose and an ultra-convenient remote monitoring option to help your family members and caregivers check on your progress straight from their phones.
Discover peace of mind with the dispenser that does it all—click here and add a LiveFine Smart WiFi Pill Dispenser to your cart today!
Extended LiveFine Features List
Secure Cover
The transparent design makes monitoring pills easy, while the lid’s manual key lock enhances security to prevent theft, spills, and mix-ups.
Effortless Setup
Just add your device to the app with a click. Then plan with simple button controls and an XL LCD display that make timing easy.
Easy-Read LCD
An LCD screen provides first-glance updates on the current time, upcoming alerts, battery life, and more. Large buttons, letters, and numbers are great for seniors.
Plug-in Usage with Short Term Backup Battery
Powered by included Type-C cable with rechargeable battery for backup power that supports 2-3 days use of device, in case of unexpected power outages.
应用文
=文字
+图片
+表格
多模态考查
信息提取和
文本解读能力
21. LiveFine is a device that can ________.
A. ensure efficient medical refills
B. reduce the need to see a doctor
C. remind users to track their daily routine
D. make it easier for users to take medicine
22. How can a mobile app help the users
A. By recording users’ dosage activities.
B. By personalizing users’ rings and alerts.
C. By opening the dispenser cover remotely.
D. By keeping record of the symptoms of users.
23. What additional feature does the device have
A. Its backup battery lasts for a week.
B. Its buttons prevent mix-ups of medicine.
C. Its lid reminds users to take medicine in time.
D. Its LCD screen makes it friendly to the elderly.
主旨概括
综合细节
（文本）
综合细节
（表格）
医疗话题生僻
背景知识不足
阅读门槛提高
综合细节题多
阅读时间拉长
预设难度偏差
打乱做题节奏
考验做题心态
适应难度偏差
磨练高考心态
21. LiveFine is a device that can ________.
A. ensure efficient medical refills
B. reduce the need to see a doctor
C. remind users to track their daily routine
D. make it easier for users to take medicine
Whether you’re managing medications, daily vitamins or other oral treatments, LiveFine takes the guesswork out of your routine with the ultimate efficiency and reliability system.
This WiFi-enabled Smart Organizer makes taking, tracking, and managing your medications simple—easy dosage templates (药剂模板) allow you to dispense (分配) pills anywhere from once up to nine times a day.
引入句
主旨概括
主旨句
通过题干问法
确定题目类型
明确哪里找答案
主旨概括题
文章开始找答案
12.88
0.57
21.68
64.77
21. LiveFine is a device that can ________.
A. ensure efficient medical refills
B. reduce the need to see a doctor
C. remind users to track their daily routine
D. make it easier for users to take medicine
This WiFi-enabled Smart Organizer makes taking, tracking, and managing your medications simple—easy dosage templates (药剂模板) allow you to dispense (分配) pills anywhere from once up to nine times a day. 28 spacious sections hold multiple pills, tablets, and capsules in each part, removing the need for regular refills, which is perfect for prescriptions, supplements, vitamins, aspirin, antibiotics, etc.
黑白颠倒
主旨概括
12.88
0.57
21.68
64.77
偷换概念
22. How can a mobile app help the users
A. By recording users’ dosage activities.
B. By personalizing users’ rings and alerts.
C. By opening the dispenser cover remotely.
D. By keeping record of the symptoms of users.
Use the LiveFine mobile app reminders for added reliability, which takes patient monitoring to another level, with notifications when medications are taken or the dispenser cover is opened. Plus, the app provides simple review of past doses, with times recorded for each administered dose and an ultra-convenient remote monitoring option to help your family members and caregivers check on your progress straight from their phones.
综合细节（文本）
根据定位词 定位到第四段
通过题干问法
确定题目类型
综合细节题
找准定位词
准确定位原文
充分理解文意
识别选项同义替换
同义替换 provide simple review of past doses =record dosage activities
57.32
15.74
13.56
13.26
22. How can a mobile app help the users
A. By recording users’ dosage activities.
B. By personalizing users’ rings and alerts.
C. By opening the dispenser cover remotely.
D. By keeping record of the symptoms of users.
The user guide provides comprehensive instructions for how to set up. In short, just fill the slots, install your preferred rings, and receive alerts. You can even customize audio and visual device alerts—plus notifications, alarms, and reminders and make missed doses a thing of the past! Just choose from multiple unique device alarm tones and adjust the volume to meet your precise needs.
综合细节（文本）
段落定位错误 (第三段) 答非所问
22. How can a mobile app help the users
A. By recording users’ dosage activities.
B. By personalizing users’ rings and alerts.
C. By opening the dispenser cover remotely.
D. By keeping record of the symptoms of users.
Use the LiveFine mobile app reminders for added reliability, which takes patient monitoring to another level, with notifications when medications are taken or the dispenser cover is opened. Plus, the app provides simple review of past doses, with times recorded for each administered dose and an ultra-convenient remote monitoring option to help your family members and caregivers check on your progress straight from their phones.
综合细节（文本）
偷换概念
monitor ≠ open the dispenser cover
偷换概念 dose ≠ symptoms
23. What additional feature does the device have
A. Its backup battery lasts for a week.
B. Its buttons prevent mix-ups of medicine.
C. Its lid reminds users to take medicine in time.
D. Its LCD screen makes it friendly to the elderly.
综合细节（表格）
同义替换 seniors=the elderly
综合细节题
根据定位词
定位到表格
充分理解文意
识别选项同义替换
Extended LiveFine Features List
Secure Cover
The transparent design makes monitoring pills easy, while the lid’s manual key lock enhances security to prevent theft, spills, and mix-ups.
Effortless Setup
Just add your device to the app with a click. Then plan with simple button controls and an XL LCD display that make timing easy.
Easy-Read LCD
An LCD screen provides first-glance updates on the current time, upcoming alerts, battery life, and more. Large buttons, letters, and numbers are great for seniors.
Plug-in Usage with Short Term Backup Battery
Powered by included Type-C cable with rechargeable battery for backup power that supports 2-3 days use of device, in case of unexpected power outages.
1.63
12.29
14.91
71.03
迁移训练-多模态语篇-2006北京高考
Monthly Income Amount Monthly Expenses Amount
Allowance $20.00 Snacks $26.00
Money earned selling drinks $25.00 Music downloads $12.00
Money earned babysitting $12.50 Movies $18.00
Money earned delivering newspapers $30.00 Video rentals $10.00
Total: $87.50 Total: $66.00
A
How to Make a Budget (预算)
Most likely, you aren’t the family breadwinner. But doing a small job or getting a weekly allowance (零花钱) would put some money in your pocket. For kids and grown-ups alike, money is easy to spend. If you aren’t careful, it can be going in no time.
Being responsible with your money is an important skill to learn --- and the sooner you start the better. Whether you are tracking your spending or saving for something special, creating a budget can help you deal with your expenses and plan for the future. All you need are paper and a pencil --- and some self-control.
First, take a look at our sample monthly budget. Then, use a separate sheet of paper to plan your own. In the first two columns (栏), list your sources (来源) of income and how much you expect to earn from them. In the third and fourth columns, list what you expect to spend your money on and the amount. Sample Monthly Budget
The left-hand total should be more than or equal to the right-hand total. If it is, you have an effective budget.
Budgets are not complex, but sticking to them can be tough. When planning your budget, be realistic about your expenses. If you know that you drop $18 at a movie, don’t write $12 in that space simply because you wish you were spending less.
If you are eyeing a big purchase, such as a $150 skateboard, spend less and save more until you have the total amount. No matter how attractive it may be, avoid spending your savings. One day, you will thank yourself!
正答：D 干扰：AC
The left-hand total should be more than or equal to the right-hand total. If it is, you have an effective budget.
看到数字就选择 思维定式 没有认真筛选迷惑项
没细看表头monthly income和monthly expenses的内涵
C
It’s common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous painting seems to look back at observers, following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room. But this common knowledge turns out wrong.
A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an angle that’s 15.4 degrees off to the observer’s right—well outside of the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them. In other words, said the study author, Horstmann, “She’s not looking at you.” This is somewhat ironic, because the entire phenomenon of a person’s gaze (凝视) in a photograph or painting seeming to follow the viewer is called the “Mona Lisa effect” . That effect is absolutely real, Horstmann said. If a person is illustrated or photographed looking straight ahead, even people viewing the portrait from an angle will feel they are being looked at. As long as the angle of the person’s gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs.
This is important for human interaction with on-screen characters. If you want someone off to the right side of a room to feel that a person on-screen is looking at him or her, you don’t cut the gaze of the character to that side—surprisingly, doing so would make an observer feel like the character isn’t looking at anyone in the room at all. Instead, you keep the gaze straight ahead.
Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial-intelligence avatars(虚拟头像) when Horstmann took a long look at the “Mona Lisa” and realized she wasn’t looking at him.
To make sure it wasn’t just him, the researchers asked 24 people to view images of the “Mona Lisa” on a computer screen. They set a ruler between the viewer and the screen and asked the participants to note which number on the ruler intersected Mona Lisa’s gaze. To calculate the angle of Mona Lisa’s gaze as she looked at the viewer, they moved the ruler farther from or closer to the screen during the study. Consistently, the researchers found, participants judged that the woman in the “Mona Lisa” portrait was not looking straight at them, but slightly off to their right.
So why do people repeat the belief that her eyes seem to follow the viewer Horstmann isn’t sure. It’s possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. Or maybe the people who first coined the term “Mona Lisa effect” just thought it was a cool name.
迁移训练-多模态语篇-2018海淀一模
正答：B 干扰：AC
A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an angle that’s 15.4 degrees off to the observer’s right—well outside of the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them. In other words, said the study author, Horstmann, “She’s not looking at you.” This is somewhat ironic, because the entire phenomenon of a person’s gaze (凝视) in a photograph or painting seeming to follow the viewer is called the “Mona Lisa effect” . That effect is absolutely real, Horstmann said. If a person is illustrated or photographed looking straight ahead, even people viewing the portrait from an angle will feel they are being looked at. As long as the angle of the person’s gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs.
同义替换 cause-=occur 找准定位词 准确定位原文
考查学生文字和图形转换能力
29. What gaze range in a painting will cause the Mona Lisa effect
加强审题意识，通过题干问法，确定题目类型，明确哪里找答案。
加强定位词意识，准确定位原文，不能看选项眼熟就选，答非所问。
阅读理解，以理解为主！充分理解文意后再做题！
无论是答案还是干扰项，都要有依据，不能凭印象做题！选项越纠结，越要回原位定位、比对信息。
总结归纳正答与干扰项特征，识别正答中的同义替换，给错误选项归因（偷换概念、黑白颠倒、以偏概全、张冠李戴、无中生有）。
应用文语篇和题目可能多模态呈现，加强文字、图片、表格的综合读取和信息转换能力。
强化题型意识，比如：文章出处题、综合细节题、写作目的与写作内容的辨析。
应用文阅读建议
03
https://news.mit.edu/2017/greg-walton-inspirational-story-of-success-0410
B
B
When the need for information technology service arises, it can be a stressful moment—the user is locked out of their computer, or a program isn’t working properly. But if you ask anyone in the MIT departments of Chemistry and Physics, or the News Office—the Institute divisions that are fortunate enough to have Greg Walton as their IT service provider, they’ll acknowledge that not only is Walton the best, but whatever the issue is, he will see it through until all involved are satisfied with the outcome. Walton usually arrives on the scene with endless positive energy that transforms a technical annoyance into an enjoyable interaction, regardless of how many other IT fires he has already put out that day.
The qualities that make him a star employee extend far beyond the campus. After spending his early years in foster care, Walton lived with his great-grandmother, but mostly, he was left to support himself. While many children might, understandably, lie flat under such unsupervised circumstances, Walton excelled academically and athletically at high school. He became the first person in his family to graduate from high school, and enrolled in college.
Walton seized the chance to enroll in Year Up, a program aiming to close the “opportunity divide” by providing young adults with the skills, experience, and support that will empower them to reach their potential through professional careers and higher education. Walton remains an active ambassador for the organization.
In June of 2007, armed with shining recommendations, Walton was hired as a temp (临时工) at MIT. He eventually worked his way up to where he is today—an invaluable asset (不可或缺的人) to three departments. “I do feel lucky to work at MIT,” he says. “I’ve had the ability to tour the country sharing my story in hopes that some people may be inspired and employers may see young adults with tough backgrounds differently.”
In addition to Year Up, he is involved with a number of organizations committed to helping young adults overcome their troubled pasts. This desire to have a positive impact on people’s lives extends seamlessly into his work at MIT. “Giving back is very important to me,” Walton says. “So many people have invested their time and energy into helping me, so I feel it would be an injustice not to do so.”
24. Staff members in MIT sing high praise for Walton mainly because ________.
A. he enjoys interacting with his clients
B. he knows how to put out fires for others
C. he solves problems with a positive attitude
D. he is good at developing computer programs
25. What do we know about Walton before he went to college
A. He depended on his great-grandma for a living.
B. He stood out in study and sports in high school.
C. He lay flat just like other unsupervised children.
D. He was supported by foster care for better education.
26. Why did Walton get involved with a lot of organizations
A. To share his troubled past with young adults.
B. To pay back to society by helping young adults.
C. To advise businesses to treat young adults fairly.
D. To promote education equality among young adults.
27. What can we conclude from Walton’s story
A. One good turn deserves another.
B. Opportunities favor the prepared mind.
C. Education is a powerful weapon to change the world.
D. One’s future is defined by his efforts, not by his origin.
主旨推断
细节
概括原因
细节
信息比对
细节
概括原因
文章比较友好
阅读门槛较低
综合细节题多
阅读时间拉长
24. Staff members in MIT sing high praise for Walton mainly because ____.
A. he enjoys interacting with his clients
B. he knows how to put out fires for others
C. he solves problems with a positive attitude
D. he is good at developing computer programs
细节（概括原因）
准确定位
综合概括
同义替换
But if you ask anyone in the MIT departments of Chemistry and Physics, or the News Office—the Institute divisions that are fortunate enough to have Greg Walton as their IT service provider, they’ll acknowledge that not only is Walton the best, but whatever the issue is, he will see it through until all involved are satisfied with the outcome. Walton usually arrives on the scene with endless positive energy that transforms a technical annoyance into an enjoyable interaction, regardless of how many other IT fires he has already put out that day.
4.7
9.66
80
5.54
25. What do we know about Walton before he went to college
A. He depended on his great-grandma for a living.
B. He stood out in study and sports in high school.
C. He lay flat just like other unsupervised children.
D. He was supported by foster care for better education.
细节（概括原因）
准确定位 信息比对 同义替换
The qualities that make him a star employee extend far beyond the campus. After spending his early years in foster care, Walton lived with his great-grandmother, but mostly, he was left to support himself. While many children might, understandably, lie flat under such unsupervised circumstances, Walton excelled academically and athletically at high school. He became the first person in his family to graduate from high school, and enrolled in college.
偷换概念
黑白颠倒
同义替换 excel=stand out
无中生有
8.17
74.31
7.18
10.26
v. excel in sth: to be very good at doing sth
26. Why did Walton get involved with a lot of organizations
A. To share his troubled past with young adults.
B. To pay back to society by helping young adults.
C. To advise businesses to treat young adults fairly.
D. To promote education equality among young adults.
细节（概括原因）
是(部分)内容 不是原因/目的
“I do feel lucky to work at MIT,” he says. “I’ve had the ability to tour the country sharing my story in hopes that some people may be inspired and employers may see young adults with tough backgrounds differently.”
In addition to Year Up, he is involved with a number of organizations committed to helping young adults overcome their troubled pasts. This desire to have a positive impact on people’s lives extends seamlessly into his work at MIT. “Giving back is very important to me,” Walton says. “So many people have invested their time and energy into helping me, so I feel it would be an injustice not to do so.”
give back=pay back to society
以偏概全
偏离主旨
5.54
78.55
4.83
10.98
27. What can we conclude from Walton’s story
A. One good turn deserves another.
B. Opportunities favor the prepared mind.
C. Education is a powerful weapon to change the world.
D. One’s future is defined by his efforts, not by his origin.
主旨推断
善有善报
机会留给有准备的人
教育是改变世界的武器
英雄不问出处 努力决定未来
把握记叙文主旨，抓住故事主线和写作意图，关注落笔之处！
Para2: While many children might, understandably, lie flat under such unsupervised circumstances, Walton excelled academically and athletically at high school.
Para4: “I’ve had the ability to tour the country sharing my story in hopes that some people may be inspired and employers may see young adults with tough backgrounds differently.”
Para5: In addition to Year Up, he is involved with a number of organizations committed to helping young adults overcome their troubled pasts.
19.12
6.61
7.86
66.23
B
I was sitting in a chemistry lab class during my first year of university, nervous about the experiment we were to perform. I grabbed a pipette (吸液管) and, as I feared, my hand started to shake. The experience was disheartening: I was hoping to pursue a career in science, but I started to wonder whether that would be possible. I thought my dreams had crashed to the ground.
I was a boy born with brain damage. My family managed to find good doctors where we lived, in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg), Russia, and I took part in clinical trials testing new treatments. Shortly after my first birthday, I started walking and it became clear my intelligence function was unaffected. So, in some sense, I was lucky. Still, I couldn’t do some things growing up. Both hands shook, especially when I was nervous or embarrassed. My left hand was much worse than my right, so I learned to write and do simple tasks with my right hand, but it wasn’t easy to do anything precisely.
As a teenager, I faced a lot of bullying at school. Feeling alone, I joined a study group called “The natural world”. I thought that getting into the world of animals would keep me away from people. That’s how I came into the field of biology. At university, I enjoyed the lectures in my science classes. Many lab tasks proved impossible, however. As I struggled with my mood, I read a book about depression. From then on, the physiology of mental disorders became my scientific passion. I looked into what was being done locally and was excited to discover a lab that did behavioral experiments in rats to study depression.
At the end of my second year, I approached the professor of the lab to see whether I could work with her. I was afraid to admit I couldn’t do some lab tasks. To my relief, she was completely supportive. She set me to work performing behavioral experiments for others in the lab with the help of colleagues. I loved the supportive atmosphere and stayed there to complete my master’s and Ph.D.
I’ve come to realize that my hands aren’t the barrier I thought they were. By making use of my abilities and working as part of a team, I’ve been able to follow my passions. I’ve also realized that there’s much more to being a scientist than performing the physical labor. I may not collect all the data in my papers, but I’m fully capable of designing experiments and interpreting results, which, to me, is the most exciting part of science.
迁移训练-主旨概括-2023西城一模
27. What message does the author want to express
A. Loving yourself makes a difference.
B. Opportunity follows prepared people.
C. A bright future begins with a small dream.
D. The sun somehow shines through the storm.
迁移训练-主旨概括
把握记叙文主旨，抓住故事主线/起承转合和写作意图，关注落笔之处！
纠结主旨/标题时，倒推法反推文章会怎么写。
干扰
正确
B
I was 9 years old when I found ma father was ill. It was 1994, but I can remember my mother’s words as if it were yesterday: “Kerrel, I don’t want you to take food from your father, because he has AIDS. Be very careful when you are around him.”
AIDS wasn’t something we talked about in my country when I was growing up. From then on, I knew that this would be a family secret. My parents were not together anymore, and my dad lived alone. For a while, he could take care of himself. But when I was 12, his condition worsened. My father’s other children lived far away, so it fell to me to look after him.
We couldn’t afford all the necessary medication for him, and because Dad was unable to work, I had no money for school supplies and often couldn’t even buy food for dinner. I would sit in class feeling completely lost, the teacher’s words muffled as I tried to figure out how I was going to manage.
I did not share my burden (负担) with anyone. I had seen how people reacted to AIDS. Kids laughed at classmates who had parents with the disease. And even adults could be cruel. When my father was moved to the hospital, the nurses would leave his food on the bedside table even though he was too weak to feed himself.
I had known that he was going to die, but after so many years of keeping his condition a secret, I was completely unprepared when he reached his final days. Sad and hopeless, I called a woman at the nonprofit National AIDS Support. That day, she kept me on the phone for hours. I was so lucky to find someone who cared. She saved my life.
I was 15 when my father died. He took his secret away with him, having never spoken about AIDS to anyone, even me. He didn’t want to call attention to AIDS. I do.
迁移训练-写作目的-2006北京高考
63. Why did Kerrel write the passage
A. To tell people about the sufferings of her father.
B. To show how little people knew about AIDS.
C. To draw people’s attention to AIDS.
D. To remember her father.
迁移训练-写作目的
把握记叙文主旨，抓住故事主线和写作意图，关注落笔之处！
不能凭感觉或依靠思维定式做题
正确
干扰
I was 15 when my father died. He took his secret away with him, having never spoken about AIDS to anyone, even me. He didn’t want to call attention to AIDS. I do.
阅读理解部分讲评——CD篇
1
文本概况
2
复习指导思想
3
文本解读及难题分析
CONTENTS
目 录
文本概况
01
复习指导思想
02
海淀期中
海淀期末
海淀一模
大道至简，返璞归真
二模后的复习：
跳出原有思维定式
避免机械使用技巧
回归英语学科本质
科学研究类说明文
本质：What is scientific research
Scientific research is the systematic investigation of scientific theories and hypotheses.
applications
aim
approach
significance
significance
2021 北京高考D篇
2022 北京高考C篇
论说文
本质：What is the author’s argument, opinion, or attitude
Hundreds of scientists, writers and academics sounded a warning to humanity in an open letter published last December: Policymakers and the rest of us must engage openly with the risk of global collapse. Researchers in many areas have projected the widespread collapse as “a credible scenario (情景) this century”.
A survey of scientists found that extreme weather events, food insecurity, and freshwater shortages might create global collapse. Of course, if you are a non-human species, collapse is well underway.
The call for public engagement with the unthinkable is especially germane in this moment of still-uncontrolled pandemic and economic crises in the world’s most technologically advanced nations. Not very long ago, it was also unthinkable that a virus would shut down nations and that safety nets would be proven so disastrously lacking in flexibility.
The international scholars’ warning letter doesn’t say exactly what collapse will look like or when it might happen. Collapseology, the study of collapse, is more concerned with identifying trends and with them the dangers of everyday civilization. Among the signatories (签署者) of the warning was Bob Johnson, the originator of the “ecological footprint” concept, which measures the total amount of environmental input needed to maintain a given lifestyle. With the current footprint of humanity, “it seems that global collapse is certain to happen in some form, possibly within a decade, certainly within this century,” Johnson said in an email.
Only if we discuss the consequences of our biophysical limits, the December warning letter says, can we have the hope to reduce their “speed, severity and harm”. And yet messengers of the coming disturbance are likely to be ignored. We all want to hope things will turn out fine. As a poet wrote,
Man is a victim of dope (麻醉品)
In the incurable form of hope.
The hundreds of scholars who signed the letter are intent ( 执 着 ) on quieting hope that ignores preparedness. “Let’s look directly into the issue of collapse,” they say, “and deal with the terrible possibilities of what we see there to make the best of a troubling future.”
2021 北京高考C篇
论说文
本质： What is the author’s argument, opinion, or attitude
Quantum (量子) computers have been on my mind a lot lately. A friend has been sending me articles on how quantum computers might help solve some of the biggest challenges we face as humans. I’ve also had exchanges with two quantum-computing experts. One is computer scientist Chris Johnson who I see as someone who helps keep the field honest. The other is physicist Philip Taylor.
For decades, quantum computing has been little more than a laboratory curiosity. Now, big tech companies have invested in quantum computing, as have many smaller ones. According to Business Weekly, quantum machines could help us “cure cancer, and even take steps to turn climate change in the opposite direction.” This is the sort of hype (炒作) that annoys Johnson. He worries that researchers are making promises they can’t keep. “What’s new,” Johnson wrote, “is that millions of dollars are now potentially available to quantum computing researchers.”
As quantum computing attracts more attention and funding, researchers may mislead investors, journalists, the public and, worst of all, themselves about their work’s potential. If researchers can’t keep their promises, excitement might give way to doubt, disappointment and anger, Johnson warns. Lots of other technologies have gone through stages of excitement. But something about quantum computing makes it especially prone to hype, Johnson suggests, perhaps because “‘quantum’ stands for something cool you shouldn’t be able to understand.” And that brings me back to Taylor, who suggested that I read his book Q for Quantum.
After I read the book, Taylor patiently answered my questions about it. He also answered my questions about PyQuantum, the firm he co-founded in 2016. Taylor shares Johnson’s concerns about hype, but he says those concerns do not apply to PyQuantum.
The company, he says, is closer than any other firm “by a very large margin (幅度)” to building a “useful” quantum computer, one that “solves an impactful problem that we would not have been able to solve otherwise.” He adds, “People will naturally discount my opinions, but I have spent a lot of time quantitatively comparing what we are doing with others.”
Could PyQuantum really be leading all the competition “by a wide margin”, as Taylor claims I don’t know. I’m certainly not going to advise my friend or anyone else to invest in quantum computers. But I trust Taylor, just as I trust Johnson.
2022 北京高考 D篇
文本解读及难题分析
03
Even people who tend to think conventionally, such as accountants, can be creative, a recent study suggests, if they can look at emotional situations in a different light. In a set of experiments, researchers found that conventional thinkers came up with more creative ideas than peers after they practised “emotional reappraisal”. This means viewing a situation through another emotional lens, such as trying to see an anger-inducing event as one that is neutral or hopeful.
The study indicates that creativity is something that can be trained. “Whenever we break away from our existing perspective and try to think about something that’s different from our initial reaction, there’s a creative element to it. If we can practise or train that flexible-thinking muscle, it may help us be more creative over time,” said lead author Lily Zhu, an assistant professor at Washington State University.
For the study, Zhu and her colleagues conducted two similar experiments. In the first experiment with 335 people recruited through a crowdsourcing platform, the participants were first ranked on their openness levels and then shown a film scene designed to elicit (引起) anger. While viewing, they were given different instructions: to suppress their emotions, to think about something else to distract themselves or to try emotional reappraisal—looking at the scene through another lens. Some were also given no instruction on how to regulate their feelings.
After viewing the film, the participants were asked to come up with an idea to use an empty space in their building. Those ideas were then evaluated by a panel of experts who did not know anything about the participants. Ideas such as using the space for “napping capsules” were considered highly creative whereas ideas like opening a similar cafeteria as before were considered low in creativity.
The next experiment had a different group of 177 participants write about an experience that made them angry. They were then tasked with either writing about it again from a different emotional perspective or writing about something else as a distraction.
In both experiments, conventional thinking participants who tried emotional reappraisal came up with more creative ideas than other conventional thinkers who used suppression, distraction or no emotional regulation strategy at all. Notably, for participants who were considered creative thinkers to begin with, emotional reappraisal did not seem to have much effect on their creativity.
As to the implications of the study, Zhu suggested that supervisors in workplace should develop trainings to cultivate creative thinking skills in employees. Individuals can also practise emotional reappraisal when confronted with a crisis or challenge instead of suppressing negative emotions.
文本介绍
文章体裁：
科学研究类说明文
主要内容：
科学研究发现，通过“情感上的重新评价”，可以增强人的创造力。
Research finding
Study process and result
Implications
Even people who tend to think conventionally, such as accountants, can be creative, a recent study suggests, if they can look at emotional situations in a different light. In a set of experiments, researchers found that conventional thinkers came up with more creative ideas than peers after they practised “emotional reappraisal”. This means viewing a situation through another emotional lens, such as trying to see an anger-inducing event as one that is neutral or hopeful.
The study indicates that creativity is something that can be trained. “Whenever we break away from our existing perspective and try to think about something that’s different from our initial reaction, there’s a creative element to it. If we can practise or train that flexible-thinking muscle, it may help us be more creative over time,” said lead author Lily Zhu, an assistant professor at Washington State University.
For the study, Zhu and her colleagues conducted two similar experiments. In the first experiment with 335 people recruited through a crowdsourcing platform, the participants were first ranked on their openness levels and then shown a film scene designed to elicit (引起) anger. While viewing, they were given different instructions: to suppress their emotions, to think about something else to distract themselves or to try emotional reappraisal—looking at the scene through another lens. Some were also given no instruction on how to regulate their feelings.
After viewing the film, the participants were asked to come up with an idea to use an empty space in their building. Those ideas were then evaluated by a panel of experts who did not know anything about the participants. Ideas such as using the space for “napping capsules” were considered highly creative whereas ideas like opening a similar cafeteria as before were considered low in creativity.
The next experiment had a different group of 177 participants write about an experience that made them angry. They were then tasked with either writing about it again from a different emotional perspective or writing about something else as a distraction.
In both experiments, conventional thinking participants who tried emotional reappraisal came up with more creative ideas than other conventional thinkers who used suppression, distraction or no emotional regulation strategy at all. Notably, for participants who were considered creative thinkers to begin with, emotional reappraisal did not seem to have much effect on their creativity.
As to the implications of the study, Zhu suggested that supervisors in workplace should develop trainings to cultivate creative thinking skills in employees. Individuals can also practise emotional reappraisal when confronted with a crisis or challenge instead of suppressing negative emotions.
Para.1+2 Research finding:
conventional thinkers can be trained to be creative through emotional reappraisal
conventional thinker
be creative
emotional reappraisal
Even people who tend to think conventionally, such as accountants, can be creative, a recent study suggests, if they can look at emotional situations in a different light. In a set of experiments, researchers found that conventional thinkers came up with more creative ideas than peers after they practised “emotional reappraisal”. This means viewing a situation through another emotional lens, such as trying to see an anger-inducing event as one that is neutral or hopeful.
The study indicates that creativity is something that can be trained. “Whenever we break away from our existing perspective and try to think about something that’s different from our initial reaction, there’s a creative element to it. If we can practise or train that flexible-thinking muscle, it may help us be more creative over time,” said lead author Lily Zhu, an assistant professor at Washington State University.
For the study, Zhu and her colleagues conducted two similar experiments. In the first experiment with 335 people recruited through a crowdsourcing platform, the participants were first ranked on their openness levels and then shown a film scene designed to elicit (引起) anger. While viewing, they were given d

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