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应用文写作文体梳理及示例（一）
(一)便条
便条是书信的一种形式，内容简短，其主要目的是尽快把最新信息、通知、要求或者活动时间、地点转告给对方。跟正规书信相比，便条的语言比较口头化。常见的便条有道歉条、祝贺条、收条、欠条、留言条和请假条等。
1.写作框架结构
英文便条的结构包括四个部分：
称呼：收便条人的称呼写在便条的左上方，称呼后常用逗号。称呼的具体方式视双方的熟知程度而定，对于不太熟悉的人称Sir, Gentleman, Dear President, Dear Madame等；对于相识的人称Dear Mr. White, Dear Dr. Williams等；对于熟悉的亲友称Dear Mama, My dear Tom等。
日期：便条上的日期应写在便条的右上角，差不多与收条人的称呼平齐或高一行。
正文：正文是便条的主体，应该在信纸上占据大部分空间。与正式书信不同的是，便条的字数有限，独立成段即可。
谦语：便条的结束语应写在便条正文之后两三行处，位置中偏右，应该有致敬的结束语和谦称。谦称有尊卑亲疏之分，应该与收条人的称谓相配合。在谦称或敬语的后面应该加上逗号，注意结束语和谦称应分成两行。
2.常用句式
(1) 请假便条
① Will you please excuse my absence on Saturday 请问可以星期六准假一天吗？
② I beg to apply for three days' leave of absence from 10th to 12th. 我想从10日到12日请假三天。
(2) 道歉便条
① I sincerely apologize for… 对……我真诚地道歉。
② I must apologize for (not) doing… (没)做……我感到非常抱歉。
③ Please accept my sincere apology for… 请接受我诚挚的道歉。
④ Please excuse me for my carelessness. 请原谅我的粗心。
⑤ I'm afraid… 我恐怕……。
⑥ I'm terribly/very sorry for… 对……我感到非常抱歉。
(3) 询问便条
① Could you please…？您能……吗？
② Would you mind doing…？您介意做……吗？
③ Could you possibly…？您能……吗？
④ I would be grateful if you would… 如果您能……我将不胜感激。
⑤ I wonder if you could… 我想知道你是否能……。
(4) 祝贺便条
① I'm delighted to hear the news that… 很高兴听到……的消息。
② I've received the exciting news of your… 听到您的令人兴奋的……消息。
③ Please accept my heartiest congratulations on…请接受我对于…最真诚的祝福。
④ Congratulations! 祝贺您！
⑤ I wish you further success in the future. 希望你未来取得更多的成功。
⑥ It is an award that you really deserve. 这是你应得的奖励。
⑦ I'm fortunate in having you among my friends and I'm so proud of you and happy for you. 很幸运有你这样的朋友，我真的为你感到骄傲和高兴。
(5) 邀请便条
① We wonder if you'd like to come. 我们想知道您是否能来。
② We would like to invite you to… 我们想邀请您……。
③ We'd really like you to… 我们非常想让您……。
④ Can you come… for the weekend 您能来……一起过周末吗？
⑤ Would you like to join me 你愿意和我一起吗？
写作示例
Susan 因为借书未还被图书馆罚款，原因是Cassie在她不知道的情况下把书拿走。请你以Cassie的身份用英语写一张留言条。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
One possible version：
Oct. 11th, 2022
Dear Susan，
I am terribly sorry that you have been fined by the library for not having returned the book on time. It is all my fault that caused you so much trouble. I took the book away without letting you know. I am writing to express my apology and I will give you the money as much as you have been fined. I sincerely hope this incident will not destroy our friendship.
Yours sincerely，
Cassie
(二)通知
通知是上级对下级、组织对成员或平行单位之间部署工作、传达事情或召开会议等所使用的应用文，分为口头通知和书面通知。口头通知所使用的语言具有明显的口语特征，通俗易懂。书面通知是正式的布告或公告，要求语言规范简洁。书面通知标题一般为NOTICE/Notice，居中，然后是正文，正文之后，发布通知的单位或个人通常放在右下角。
1.写作框架结构
通知通常包括三部分内容：通知的内容；通知的时间、地点及对象；通知的注意事项。通知要求言简意赅、措辞得当、时间及时。
2.常用句式
① May I have your attention, please I have something important to tell you. (口头通知开头语)请注意，我有重要的事情要说。
② Attention please, everyone. I have an announcement to make. (口头通知开头语)大家请注意，我有事情要宣布。
③ We are going to hold a meeting to welcome them on the playground at 2∶10 p．m.. Everybody is required to attend it on time. 我们将于下午2点10分在操场召开欢迎会，人人都要准时参加。
④ Anyone who wants to attend the meeting please comes to the Student Union and sign your name. Please take a careful note and we will have a discussion in groups after the meeting. 想参加会议的同学请来学生会报名。请记好笔记，会后小组讨论。
⑤ Everyone is requested to go without special reasons. 要求无特殊原因全体参加。
⑥ This camp will open on July 20th. It offers teenagers like you and me a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture. 该营地将于7月20号开放。它提供给像你我一样的青少年一个享受运动、了解中国文化的机会。
⑦ As scheduled, we have English Talent Show today. 按照日程安排，我们今天举办英语达人秀。
⑧ The purpose of this programme is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking. 这个计划的目的是培养我们对英语学习的兴趣和实际听说能力。
⑨ Please bring your pens and notebooks with you and attend the meeting on time. 请带笔和笔记本准时参加会议。
⑩ You are welcome to take part in it. Please come to the community office and apply for it. 欢迎你们参加。请来社区办公室申请。
Those who want to take part in the contest, please sign up… 想参加竞赛的请在……报名。
Dear guests, you are welcome to take part in this activity. I hope we students will benefit from your presence. 亲爱的来宾，欢迎你们参加此次活动。我希望你们的光临将使我们学生有所收获。
3.写作模板
口头通知
Teachers and students，
May I have your attention, please I have an announcement to make. In order to ____________， the Student Union will organize a party on ____________. The party will be held ____________. It will begin at ____________. Will everyone please ____________？Remember to ____________.
Don't forget ____________.
That's all. Thank you.
书面通知
Notice
__________ will organize __________. This activity aims to __________. This activity is arranged to __________. It is planned to begin on ____________. The team members will be arranged to ____________. Your main task is to ____________. Anyone who ____________ is warmly welcome. Those who are interested can contact ____________ for further information.
Looking forward to your active participation.
____________ (发布单位)
写作示例
你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英文短片Growing Together, 内容包括：1. 短片内容：学校的发展；2. 放映时间、地点；3. 欢迎对短片提出意见。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
One possible version：
Notice
In order to learn more about the development of our school, all the students are welcome to watch the short film Growing Together, which is a documentary on the history of our school. Produced by our teachers and us senior students, it reflects years of hard work. If you are curious about the history of our school or concerned about its future, you couldn't miss this excellent opportunity! We encourage any kind of feedback on the film from our viewers.
It will show in Room 1, First Teaching Building, from 4∶00 p．m. to 5∶00 p．m., June 10, Sunday.
We are looking forward to your participation.
The Student Union
(三)演讲
演讲是为了在正式场合表示对客人的欢迎、欢送、感谢或祝愿等而进行的热情友好的发言，有的演讲是为了向听众讲述道理、发起倡议，使听众能接受自己的见解或在行动上有所改变。
1.写作框架结构
一般来说，演讲稿由称呼语、正文和结束语三部分组成。演讲稿的语言一定要有感染力，可以使用祈使句、感叹句、强调句、虚拟语气等来达到这种目的。
2.常用句式
① I really appreciate your making time in your schedules to attend the meeting today. 我非常感谢你(们)今天抽空来参加这个会议。
② What I am going to talk about today is… 今天我想讲的是……
③ Besides, it is our responsibility to… 另外，……是我们的职责。
④ Finally, it can arouse people's awareness of… 最后，它可以提高人们的……意识。
⑤ So long as we work together we can achieve great achievements. 只要我们一起努力，就能取得巨大的成就。
⑥ Working together, we can make the future better. 一起努力，我们将把未来变得更加美好。
⑦ If everyone does a bit for our city, we can benefit a lot. 如果每个人为我们的城市做一点儿贡献，我们可以受益良多。
⑧ I look forward to seeing you again. 我期待着再次见到你(们)。
⑨ Best wishes for a very successful…！ 祝贺……圆满成功！
⑩ Thank you for your listening. 谢谢聆听。
3. 写作模板
Dear ____________，
I'm very glad to stand here. The topic of my speech is ____________ (主题).
As is known to all, ____________ (现象). However, ____________ (问题).
How can we solve these problems then As far as I'm concerned, ______________ (方法). For one thing, ____________ (理由一). For another, ____________ (理由二). What's more, ____________ (理由三).
Therefore, let's take the responsibility to ____________ (号召). Come on and join us!
Thank you for listening!
写作示例
为了营造一种“多读书，读好书”的良好氛围，我班将举行一次主题班会，要求以“A good book can affect our life”为主题作演讲，向同学们介绍一本自己读过的好书，并谈谈自己的感悟。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
One possible version：
Boys and girls，
As Francis Bacon once said, reading makes a full man. A good book can affect our life in one way or another. The Story of My Life by Helen Keller is one such book as touches my heart. It is about how Helen overcame her physical disabilities and succeeded by struggling in her long and hard learning period.
From the book，I learn that whenever we come across difficulties or misfortune, we should face them bravely and try to find ways out.
Reading can not only improve our ability to understand the world，but also wash our souls. So let's read more good books!
That's all. Thank you!

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