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2023年中考英语语法专题训练--虚拟语气（含解析）
1．If I ________ you, I would study hard.
A．was B．were C．am D．be
2．If I _____you. I would wear jeans to the party.
A．am B．was C．were D．are
3．If I _____ you, I _____ help the old woman.
A．was; could B．were; will C．were; could have D．were; would
4．I suggest you __________ four or five words a day on pieces of paper.
A．write B．to write C．writing D．written
5．— What would you do if you _______ a million dollars
— I would give it to charity.
A．have B．had C．will have D．would have
6．If we ________ more time, we could do it better.
A．were given B．are given C．is given D．is giving
7．The accident __________ if the driver had paid more attention to the street signs.
A．must have avoided B．might avoid
C．could have been avoided D．should be avoided
8． – I coughed a lot last night. What should I do
– If I _____ you, I would go to see the doctor at once.
A．am B．were C．was
9．–I argued with my best friend. What should I do
--If I ________ you, I would say sorry to her.
A．am B．was C．are D．were
10．If I _______ you, I _______ go there.
A．is; will B．is; would C．were; would D．was; will
11． Had he studied harder, he_______ the exams.
A．must have got through B．could get through
C．would get through D．would have got through
12．If I _______ you, I would say another student could do it better.
A．was B．were C．am D．are
13．Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn't show up.
A．should have arrived B．should arrive
C．should have had arrived D．should be arriving
14．If I were invited to the party, I _______ a red skirt.
A．will wear B．wear C．would wear
15．What_____you do if you had a million dollars
A．would B．will C．did D．do
16．Which of the following sentences is CORRECT
A．They need more time to consider if to hold a meeting or not.
B．Simon was made wear braces.
C．Her mother suggested she go and see the doctor.
D．The result proved to be correctly.
17．I’m so busy. If I ______ time, I ______ have a good rest.
A．have, would B．have, could C．had, would D．had, will
18．If I you, I the army.
A．am, would join B．were, would join C．am, will join D．were, will join
19．I don’t know if he _______tomorrow.
A．Will come B．comes C．came D．has come
20． If I _______ you , I _______ do that .
A．was , would B．were ; wouldn’t
C．am , won’t D．were , won’t
21．You should ______ here at 7:00 this morning. But you arrived at 8:00.You were late.
A．have arrived B．arrived C．arrive D．had arrived
22．If I you, I would rather at home and watch TV than to the party.
A．was；stay, go B．am；stay, go
C．were；to stay, go D．were；stay, go
23．She doesn’t stick to her exercises and a balanced diet. If she _______, she would remain slim and healthy.
A．had done B．would do C．did D．should
24．If I ____ you, I ____ buy a bike for him.
A．was, would B．was, could C．were, would D．were, could
25．They ________ that a passport be carried with you at all times.
A．advise B．tell C．hope D．expect
26．---What would you do if you a million dollars
---If I you, I’d give it to medical research.
A．got, were B．win, am C．won, am D．get, were
27．If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river ________ so seriously now.
A．is not polluted B．would not be polluted C．had not been polluted D．would not have been polluted
28． ---Tom is always making so many mistakes in his English exercises!
--- Yeah. If he ________ more careful, he ________ fewer mistakes.
A．was; will make B．is; would make C．were; will make D．were; would make
29．You are overweight. You’d better any junk food. I suggest you more vegetables.
A．not to eat, to have B．not eat, have C．not eat, to have D．not to eat, have
30．If I __________you. I would buy a big house for my parents.
A．be B．am C．was D．were
31．---Can you tell me what to wear at the party
---If I ___you,I___the blue jeans.
A．was,will wear B．am,will wear C．were,would wear D．were,wore
32． If I you,I buy a bike for him.
A．was,would B．was,could C．were,would D．were,could
33．—Our English teacher advises us _________the words every day carefully and honestly.
—I do. During the winter holiday, she suggested all the students _________all the words in the Test Explanation（考试评价指南）.
A．to memorize, to memorize B．memorizing, memorized C．to memorize, memorize
34．If I ___ you, I ___ be afraid .
A．was, wouldn’t B．were, won’t C．were, wouldn’t
35．You _______ through that red light, for you _______ an accident.
A．must have driven; should have caused B．could have driven; might have caused
C．couldn’t have driven; should have caused D．shouldn’t have driven; could have caused
36．John suggested Mary ________ to see the doctor at once.
A．goes B．go C．to go D．going
37．How I_________I would have a chance to have a trip! I can’t wait________ the beautiful scenery.
A．hope; enjoying B．hoped; to enjoy C．wish; to enjoy
38．----What can I do with so much money
----If I _______ you, I _______ give it away to charity.
A．am, will B．am, would C．were, would D．was, would
39．Yesterday, the storm delayed us. _______ the storm, we would have been here in time.
A．But for B．If it were not for C．But that D．Unless
40． If it had been possible, I would have helped him, but I ______ too busy.
A．had been B．would be C．were D．was
41．—Mum, can I go shopping with Gina
—Well, If I were you, I homework first.
A．will do B．have to finish C．must finish D．would do
42．--- If I_______ one million dollars, I would give it to medical research.
---If I _______ you, I would give it to charity.
A．will have, am B．would have, was C．had, were D．have, is
43．I think all the plants would________ if there was too much pollution.
A．died out B．die of C．die out D．died of
44．I________I could fly.
A．hope B．wish C．hoped D．wished
45．I’ m so busy. If I time, I travel around.
A．have; would B．have; could C．had; would D．had; will
46．Which of the following is CORRECT
A．It’s high time we will take measures to stop the pollution.
B．Keep your eyes shut when you will do eye exercises.
C．Lucy, we need to leave now! The film has begun for five minutes.
D．The boy had finished reading the book by the end of last month.
47．The government suggests people ________ the Spring festival at their working place this year.
A．to spend B．spend C．spending D．will spend
48．I wish I ________ in Hong Kong now.
A．be B．am C．was D．were
49．If it were Sunday today, I________ go to school.
A．shan’t B．would not C．can’t D．won’t
50．— Come and join us, Ben!
— I’m afraid I can’t. I’m too busy now. If I ________ time, I would certainly go.
A．had B．will have C．have had D．have
51．Sir, you should__________ at the red light．But you didn’t．
A．stop B．have stopped C．not have stopped D．stopped
52．The air pollution is worse and worse. The government suggests that people ____ to work by subway or by bus.
A．go B．goes C．going D．to go
53．It is natural to forget new words! I suggest you ________ four or five words a day on pieces of paper and ________ them in your room.
A．write; make B．writing; place C．write; place D．writing; making
54．I strongly suggest that Mike there with us tomorrow.
A．go B．goes C．will go D．is going
55．The physicists propose that our attention ________the use of special methods of thinking and acting.
A．would be directed towards B．be directed towards
C．is directed towards D．direct towards
56．If I ________ ten years younger, I _________ piano lessons and go to a music college.
A．am; will take B．was; took C．were; will take D．were; would take
57．You have been back from London! I _______ you ________ there.
A．think; are B．thought; were C．thought; are D．think; were
58．If I you, I give it to Microsoft research.
A．am, will B．am, would C．were, would D．was, would
59． If I ______ you, I _____the job.
A．was; will take B．was; would take C．were; would take D．were; will take
60． If his brother a millionaire（百万富翁）, he'd buy her sister the expensive car.
A．was B．were C．is D．be
61．I suggest that we Chinese people_______Chinese culture with love and joy everywhere we go.
A．spread B．spreading C．to spread D．will spread
62．My English teacher suggested ________ the word study handouts for fifteen minutes every day.
A．me to go over B．I go over C．me go over D．I went over
63．If I ______ you, I ______invite him to go to see a movie.
A．am;would B．were;will C．were;would D．was;will
64．If I you, I the job.
A．am, will take B．was, would take
C．were, would take D．are, will take
65．If I______ you, I would take a small present..
A．am B．was C．were D．are
66． —I’m going to Larry’s party. But I don’t know what to wear.
—If I ___ you, I _______ wear a dress.
A．am; will B．were; will
C．were; would D．am; would
67．If I ________ a million dollars, I would give it to medical research.
A．will have B．have C．had D．am having
68．If I you , I’d wear a shirt and tie.
A．are B．was C．were D．is
69．—Peter is going to Larry’s party. But he doesn’t know what to wear.
—If I _______ him, I _______ wear a hat. It makes him cool.
A．am, will B．were, will C．were, would D．was, would
70． --What would you do if you won a million yuan -- __________.
A．I shall give it to charities B．I will buy snacks
C．I won’t put it in the bank D．I’d give it to medical research
71．If I not so busy ,I with you .
A．was , would go B．were , would go
C．was , should go D．were , will go
72． I________ a big house for my family if I _____ a lot of money．
A．would buy, have B．would buy, had
C．will buy; had D．will buy, will have
73．If I _____ one million dollars, I________ travel around the world with my parents.
A．have; will B．had; will C．had; will D．had; would
74．His teacher suggested ________ ________ to English songs every day. Now he's much better at singing.
A．he listen B．he listens C．him listened D．him listens
75．I would wear a shirt and tie to the party if I ________ you. It’s more polite.
A．were B．will be C．am
76．If I ________ invited tonight, I would go to the dinner party.
A．was B．were C．am D．is
77．—“The president made a brilliant decision, didn’t he ”
—“Yes, he did. I don’t know what I would have done if I ________to make that decision.”
A．were B．had had C．have had D．had
78．—A student in my class said to me, “if I ______our math teacher, I_____ make math learning easier and more interesting instead of giving the kids much homework to do every day.”
A．were, would B．am, will C．was, would D．were, will
79．—What________John do if he________millions of dollars
—He would give the money to charity.
A．would; had B．will; has C．will; had D．would; has
80．________ you read the instructions closely, you would know what I ________ referring to now.
A．Had, was B．Should, am C．Had, am D．If, was
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：如果我是你，我会努力学习。
考查虚拟语气。根据“If I … you”可知if引导的句子表示与事实相反，主句用would+动词原形，从句用一般过去时，而且be动词只能用were。故选B。
2．C
【详解】试题分析：句意:如果我是你，我就穿牛仔裤去宴会。与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中，系动词一律用were。故选C。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
3．D
【详解】句意：如果我是你，我会帮那位老太太。本题考查虚拟语气。If引导的条件状语从句，对现在的假设，用一般过去时，be动词用were；后面接的主句用would+动词原形。故选D。
【点睛】1. 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设,其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were),主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形.
2. 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设,if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had＋过去分词,主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词.
3. 虚拟将来时是表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设.If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形,主句用would / should/could/ might +动词原形.
4．A
【详解】句意：我建议你每天在纸上写四五个字。
考查宾语从句。A. write写，动词原形；B. to write动词不定式；C. writing动名词；D. written过去分词。suggest表示建议，动词，其后可跟名词、代词、动名词或者宾语从句，但无suggest（sb.）to do sth.该结构，所以可先排除B、D选项。根据题干可知我建议你每天在纸上写四五个字，当suggest表示建议时，后可跟that引导的宾语从句，且从句是虚拟语气，其结构是should+动词原形，should可省略，则此处应填写write，故答案为A。
5．B
【详解】试题分析：句意:-如果你有一百万美元你会做什么？-我会把它捐给慈善事业。have 有；had 过去式；will have 一般将来时；would have 过去将来时。根据句意可知，这里表示的是一个假设的问题，在if引导的条件状语从句中应该用虚拟语气，动词用过去式，故选B。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
6．A
【详解】句意：如果给我们更多的时间，我们会做得更好。
考查虚拟语气及被动语态。were given一般过去时形式；are given一般现在时形式；is given一般现在时形式，用于主语是三单时；is giving用于现在进行时。根据空后的we could do it better结合句意可知，此处是虚拟语气；表示对现在情况的假设，if从句动词用过去式，主句用would/could/should do，根据句意可知，空处动词应该用过去式；根据主语we与动词give之间是被动关系可知，此处应该用被动语态，一般过去时的被动语态是was/were done。故选A。
7．C
【详解】句意：如果司机多注意下路标的话，事故是可以避免的。
考查虚拟语气和被动语态。主语“accident”和谓语“avoid”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，可排除AB选项；又因为该句表示与过去事实相反的假设，结构为：从句的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”，主句用“should/would/could/might+have+过去分词”。故选C。
8．B
【详解】试题分析: 句意：昨晚我不停地咳嗽，我应该怎么办？哪果我是你，我就会马上去看医生。此句为虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”，故选C。
考点： 考查虚拟语气。
9．D
【详解】试题分析：句意：我和我最好的朋友吵架了。我该怎么办？如果我是你，我就对她说对不起。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。在虚拟条件语气句中，表示与现在事实相反的事实，条件从句中的谓语动词用过去式（be用were不用was），主句谓语动词为“would+原形动词”，所以选D。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
10．C
【详解】本题考查虚拟语气，if引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。从句用一般过去式，主句用过去将来时。句意：如果我是你的话，我会去那儿的。
11．D
【详解】试题分析：句意:如果他学习再努力一点，他就能通过考试了。must have got through 一定通过；could get through 可能通过；would get through 会通过；would have got through 会通过。这句话中Had he studied 是一种省略倒装的形式，相当于If he had studied harder，是虚拟语气的用法，从句中用的是过去完成时，这时主句用would +have +过去分词。故选D。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
12．B
【详解】句意：如果我是你，我会说另一个学生可以把它做得更好。
考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知“现在事实”相反，此句是虚拟语气，be动词使用were；故选A。
13．A
【详解】试题分析：句意：怀特先生本来应该在8：30到会，但他却没有出现。should have done：本来应该做某事而实际上没做。故选A
考点：情态动词
14．C
【详解】句意：如果我被邀请参加聚会，我会穿红色的裙子。
考查虚拟语气。该句是if引导的条件状语从句，且运用了虚拟语气；状语从句的虚拟语气规则是：从句用一般过去式（be一般用were），主句要用should/would/could/might+动词原形。故选C。
15．A
【详解】考查点：虚拟语气。解题思路：根据句意:如果你有一百万你将会干什么？“如果你有一百万”是对现在的一种假设，与现在的事实相反。表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气的结构是：主句用should/would/could/might+动词原形，从句用一般过去时态。故选A。
16．C
【详解】句意：下列哪个句子是对的？
考查固定句式。A项“”They need more time to consider if to hold a meeting or not.”中if不能与or not连用；B项“Simon was made wear braces.”中be made 后接to do sth；D项“The result proved to be correctly.”中proved to be后接形容词而不是副词。故排除ABD。故选C。
17．C
【详解】试题分析: 句意:我太忙了，如果我有时间，我就会好好休息一下。从句if +过去式，主句would +动词原形，表明与将来相反的虚拟语气，故答案选C.
考点：考查虚拟语气。
18．B
【详解】试题分析：句意:如果我是你,我会参军.结合语境可知本句是对客观状况的虚拟,故用过去时态,主句用过去将来时态.选B.
考点：if引导的条件状语从句
点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。
1、与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”
2、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”
3、与将来事实相反
若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。
19．A
【详解】考查时态。tomorrow 为将来的时间故用一般将来时态，所以选A。
20．B
【详解】句意：如果我是你，我不会那样做。
考查if引导的虚拟语气。本句是与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，从句谓语用动词用过去式（be动词一般用were）；主句用should(would,could,might)+ 动词原形。故选B。
21．A
【详解】句意：你本应该今天早上7点到这里的。但是你8点到的。你迟到了。
考查虚拟语气。根据后文“8点到，你迟到了”可推测，本应该7点到；should have done是虚拟语气，表示“本应该做某事，但实际没有做”。故选A。
22．D
【详解】试题分析：句意为：如果我是你，我宁愿在家看电视也不去参加聚会。根据语境，这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，主句用would/should+动词原形，从句用一般过去时（be动词用were)。另外，would rather do sth than do sth是固定句型，表示“宁可……也不……”。故选D。
考点：考查虚拟条件状语从句。
23．C
【详解】句意：她没有坚持锻炼和均衡饮食。如果她这样做了，她将保持苗条和健康。
考查虚拟语气。had done过去完成时；would do过去将来时；did过去时；should应该；根据后文“would remain ”，所以是对现在的虚拟，此处应是did/be动词（were），故选C。
24．C
【详解】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我就给他买一辆自行车。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。表示与现在事实相反，条件从句用一般过去时，be动词习惯用were，主句用should、could、would + 原形动词。故选C。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
25．A
【详解】句意：他们建议你随身携带护照。
考查动词辨析。advise建议；tell告诉；hope希望；expect期望。根据“a passport be carried...”可知，此处省略了should；所给的词汇中，只用advise有这种虚拟语气的用法，即advise that sb. (should) do. sth.建议某人应该做某事。故选A。
26．A
【详解】本题是考查的虚拟语气，对于将来的假设，主句用过去将来时，从句用一般过去时，且be动词为were，故选A
27．B
【详解】句意：如果我们早采取有力措施，现在河水就不会污染这么严重。
考查虚拟语气。根据“the river … so seriously now”可知，主句与现在的事实相反，所以用“would加动词原形”，而“the river”与“pollute”是被动关系，所以用“would be done”结构，此处用其否定形式，故选B。
28．D
【详解】试题分析：句意：汤姆总是在英语练习中犯那么多的错误！—如果他能更细心一些，他就会犯更少的错误。
表示与现在事实相反的假设，If+主语+动词过去式（be动词用were），主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形。根据题意及句型，故选D。
考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。
29．B
【详解】句意：你超重了。你最好不要吃垃圾食品。我建议你多吃点蔬菜。
You’d better+动词原形，表示你最好做某事；You’d better+not+动词原形，表示你最好不要做某事；suggest+主语+should+动词原形，should可以省略，I suggest+主语+动词原形。根据题意，故选B。
30．D
【详解】试题分析：句意：如果我是你。我会买一个大房子给我的父母。这道题考查的是假设，所以要用虚拟语气，用过去时。故选D.
考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。
31．C
【详解】试题分析：
句意：---你能告诉我穿什么参加聚会吗？---如果我是你，我会穿蓝色的牛仔裤。本题考查的是虚拟条件句中主句和从句的时态问题。用if引导的虚拟条件句，虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形，例如：If I were in your position I would marry her.结合语境可知应选C。
考点：考查虚拟语态。
32．C
【详解】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会给他买一辆自行车。buy sth for sb给某人买某物；本句用的是虚拟语气，表示与现在的事实相反，在虚拟语气中不能用was,而用were，因此选C。
考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。
33．C
【详解】句意：——我们的英语老师建议我们每天认真、诚实地记忆单词。——我确实这么做了。在寒假期间，她建议所有的学生熟记考试讲解中的所有单词，
考查动词不定式。memorizing动名词，现在分词；memorized过去式；to memorize动词不定式；memorize动词原形；advise sb to do sth表示“建议某人做什么”，根据“advises us _________the words”可知缺动词不定式作宾补；分析句子可知是suggest +(that )+主语+(should) do+sth，其中的should 可以省略，此处缺动词原形，故选C。
34．C
【详解】试题分析：根据语境可知此句的含义是如果我是你，我就不害怕。考查的是虚拟语气的基本用法。条件用过去时，主句要用过去将来时，故选C。
考点：虚拟语气
点评：虚拟语气其实就是if引导条件状语从句时，词义为“如果”，不过这个条件是无法实现的。从句中的谓语动词通常用一般过去时表示，则主句中的谓语动词用过去将来时。
35．D
【详解】句意：你不应该开车闯红灯，因为你会引起事故的。
考查情态动词。分析句子及选项“You ___ through that red light, for you ____ an accident.”，你 开车闯红灯，因为你 事故的，可知是对过去的虚拟，应用情态动词+have done。此处是不应该开车闯红灯，会引起事故，故选D。
36．B
【详解】句意：约翰建议玛丽马上去看医生。
考查虚拟语气。suggest后接that从句，从句用虚拟语气，“should+动词原形”结构，should可以省略。故选B。
37．C
【详解】句意：我多么希望能有一次旅行的机会啊！我迫不及待地想欣赏美丽的风景。
考查动词和动词形式辨析。hope强调主观上的“希望”，hoped是其过去式；wish表示客观上不太可能实现的希望或表示祝愿；enjoy喜欢，enjoying是动名词形式或现在分词形式，to enjoy是不定式结构。根据“I would have a chance to have a trip我能有一次旅行的机会”，这里would表虚拟语气，可知wish符合语境；want to do想要做某事，固定结构，故选C。
38．C
【详解】试题分析：考查虚拟语气。句意 你如何处理这些钱？如果我是你，我会把它捐给慈善机构。表示对现在的虚拟，if引导的从句用一般过去时，语句用would do ,故选C项。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
39．A
【详解】句意：昨天暴风雨耽搁了我们。要不是有暴风雨，我们会及时赶到这里的。
考查连词。But for要不是+短语；If it were not for要不是（用于对现在的虚拟）；But that要不是+从句；Unless除非,后接条件状语从句；根据句中是“the storm”，是名词，所以排除C；根据“would have been ”，是对过去的虚拟排除选项B；分析句子“___ the storm, we would have been here in time.”有暴风雨，我们会及时赶到这里的，应该是“要不是”，故选A。
40．D
【详解】试题分析：句意：如果可能的话，我肯定会帮助你的，但是我太忙了。对过去的虚拟If+主语+had +动词过去分词,主语+would / should / might / could have + 动词过去分词。所以描述的是过去的事情，故我过去很忙应该用过去时。
考点：考查虚拟语气及时态的用法。
41．D
【详解】试题分析：句意：妈妈，我能和吉娜去购物吗？——哦，如果我是你，我会首先完成作业。结合语境可知主句表示的是对现在的虚拟，故用过去将来时态，选D。
考点：虚拟语气
点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。
1、与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”
2、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”
3、与将来事实相反
若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”：
42．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。第一空，虚拟语气，与现在相反，用过去时。第二空，虚拟语气，与现在相反，用过去时，be动词用were。故选C
43．C
【详解】句意：我认为如果有太多污染，所有的植物都会灭绝。
考查动词短语辨析以及虚拟语气。died out过去式或过去分词形式，灭绝；die of因……而死；die out灭绝；died of过去式或过去分词形式。空前would是情态动词，后面跟动词原形，先排除A和D。根据句意 “if there was too much pollution”可知，这里应表示“灭绝”，故选C。
44．B
【详解】句意：我希望我能飞。
考查同义词辨析。hope希望，表达的愿望是有信心实现的；wish希望，表达的愿望难于实现或不可能实现，其后跟宾语从句时，常用虚拟语气；根据宾语从句中的“could fly”可判断是虚拟语气，所以用wish。故选B。
45．C
【详解】试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构：
1、与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”
2、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”
3、与将来事实相反
若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。
句意：我是那么忙。如果我有时间我会周游世界。与现在事实相反故选C。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
46．D
【详解】句意：下列哪句是正确的？
考查句子结构。A是固定句式“It is high time that+从句”的结构，其中从句的谓语动词要用过去式或should+动词原形，所以A是错误。B的句子是when引导的时间状语从句，时态遵循“主祈从现”的原则，从句应用一般现在时，所以B是错误的。C句子中for+一段时间要与延续性动词一起连用，而begun是短暂性动词，延续性动词是be on，所以C是错误的，故选D。
47．B
【详解】句意：政府建议今年人们在自己的工作的地方过春节。
考查非谓语动词。“suggests”后是宾语从句，表达建议某人做的事，从句的动词用“should +do”的结构。“should”可省去。表达“度过”用动词原形“spend”。故选B。
48．D
【详解】句意：我希望我现在在香港。
考查虚拟语气。根据“I wish I…in Hong Kong now.”可知，此处是虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，用一般过去时，主语是I，应用were，故选D。
49．B
【详解】试题分析：句意：如果今天是星期天，我将不去上学。 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中，可以表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式（be动词用were）”，而主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。如：1.If I were you, I would join the army. 2.If she had time, she should go with you.。由句意可知选B。
考点: 考查虚拟语气的用法。
50．A
【详解】句意：——本，来加入我们吧！——恐怕我不能。我现在太忙。如果我有时间，我一定会去的。
考查虚拟语气。had有，动词过去式；will have用于一般将来时；have had用于现在完成时；have用于一般现在时。根据“ I’m afraid I can’t. I’m too busy now.”可知，条件状语从句中描述的是与现在相反的事实，是虚拟语气，故从句用一般过去时态，动词用过去式，主句动词用would do。故选A。
51．B
【详解】试题分析：句意：先生，你应该在红灯亮时停下来。但你没有。这里用虚拟语气，用情态动词should + have + 过去分词，这是对过去的一种虚拟。所以选B。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
52．A
【详解】句意：空气污染越来越糟糕。政府建议人们乘地铁或者乘公交车去上班。
考查谓语动词。A. go 去；B. goes 去；C. going 在去；D. to go 为了去。这是一个that引导的宾语从句，suggest后跟的宾语从句应用虚拟语气（should）do结构，should可省略。故选A。
53．C
【详解】句意：忘记新单词是很自然的事！我建议你每天在纸上写四到五个单词，把它们放在你的房间里。
考查虚拟语气。write写；place放置。suggest建议，后面加从句时，要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词要用should do，should可以省略。第一个空后为four or five words，此处使用write，指写四到五个单词；第二个空后为them in your room，此处使用place，指把它们放在你的房间里。故选C。
54．A
【详解】句意“我强烈建议麦克明天和我们去那”。
A.go动词原形； B.goes动词的单三形式； C.will go一般将来时； D.is going现在进行时。suggest建议，表示“建议、要求、命令、坚持”的名词、动词或形容词，后接从句时，用that sb (should) do，should可以省略，故选A。
【点睛】一坚持insist
二命令order, command
三建议suggest, propose, advise
四要求demand, require, request, ask
注意：若suggest译为“暗示”，insist译为“坚持说”时，其后的that从句不用虚拟语气。
55．B
【详解】句意：物理学家们建议，我们的注意力应转向使用特殊的思考和行动方法。
考查虚拟语气。根据“propose”一词可知，从句应该用虚拟语气“should do sth.”，而should可省略；再者根据“our attention”和“direct”的关系可知，两者是动宾关系，因此用被动语态，所以be directed towards符合句意。故选B。
56．D
【详解】试题分析：if虚拟语气中，对现在的情况进行虚拟，从句谓语动词均用一般过去时（be动词用were）,主句用would/should/could/might+do.句意：如果我再年轻十岁，我会参加钢琴课程并去上音乐大学。故选D.
考点：if条件状语从句的虚拟语气
点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，中考中有所涉及，但不常见。用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。
57．D
【详解】句意：你已经从伦敦回来了！我以为你还在那里。
考查虚拟语气。根据“You have been back from London!”可知，主句时态用一般现在时。由语境可知，现在的情况与自己想象的不同，表示与现在事实相反，条件句中动词用过去式，be动词用were。故选D。
58．C
【详解】句意：如果我是你，我会把它交给微软研究部。
考查虚拟语气。根据If I you，这是一个虚拟语气，此句虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设，即与现在事实相反，谓语动词用过去式；该语法主要用于if条件状语从句，本句“如果我是你”，be动词用were，后面主句用过去将来时would＋动词原形，故答案选C。
59．C
【详解】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我就要这份工作。If引导的句子是愿望时，用过去式表示，而且系动词用were,主句用would加原形。故选C。
考点: 考查虚拟语气的用法。
60．B
【详解】试题分析：句意：假如他哥哥是百万富翁，他会为她妹妹买这辆昂贵的汽车。虚拟语气的结构为虚拟语气用法归纳 虚拟语气：表示所说的话不是事实，或不可能发生，只是说话人的一种说话人的主观愿望、假设、猜测、建议、或推测。条件状语从句动词过去式（be动词无论人称和数都用were），主句Would/should/could/ Might+动词原形。故选B。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
61．A
【详解】句意：我建议我们中国人无论走到哪里都要带着爱心和欢乐来传播中国文化，
考查动词suggest后跟虚拟语气。spread是动词原形；spreading是动名词；to spread是动词不定式；will spread是一般将来时。动词在这里suggest表示建议，后面宾语从句中使用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可以省略。根据句意说明本句的suggest表示建议，故后面使用虚拟语气，省略了should，故选A。
【点睛】1. 动词suggest 后面可以跟名词作宾语，用于句型“suggest sth.”。如：I suggested a visit. 我提议参观。
2. suggest 后跟动名词作宾语，如：He suggested going home. 他提议回家。
3. suggest后面跟that引导 的宾语从句时，用虚拟语气，一般省略情态动词should，所以本题选项是A。
62．B
【详解】句意：我的英语老师建议我每天花十五分钟复习单词学习讲义。
考查宾语从句。suggest后面不能接“人”作宾语，故排除A、C选项。suggest后接从句，表“建议”时，应用that引导，从句用“should+动词原形”，that和should可省略，即suggest (that) sb. (should) do。故选B。
63．C
【详解】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会邀请他去看电影。go to see a movie去看电影；invite sb to do邀请某人做某事；在表达与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中，Be用were,主句用would。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
64．C
【详解】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我将会接受这份工作。表示与现在事实相反地虚拟语气：条件从句构成是if+主语+过去式（系动词be多用were），主句是主语+would/should/could+动词原形。故选C。
考点: 考查虚拟语气的用法。
65．C
【详解】试题分析：句意：如果我我你，我会那个小的礼物。句中用虚拟语气，系动词用were，故选C。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
66．C
【详解】试题分析：根据题干，本句的意思应是“如果我是你，我将穿一件裙子。”“我”是不可能成为“你”，所以本句是一个虚拟语气。对于虚拟语气，从句应该用过去式（be动词，不论是第几人称，都用were），主句用would do。所以本题选C。
考点：本题考查虚拟语气。
点评：完成本题时注意区分虚拟语气和if引导的条件状语从句。虚拟语气是不可能发生的，是一种假设情况；而if引导的条件状语从句，是有可能发生的。如果不明白这两者的区别，就比较容易发错。
67．C
【详解】这题考查if的非真实条件句的用法，如果和事实不符合，if条件句和主句要用虚拟语气，和现在的事实相反，if条件句用过去时，主句用would do，所以选C。句意是：如果我有1百万美元，我会把它给医学研究。
68．C
【分析】
【详解】句意：如果我是你，我会穿衬衫系领带。
考查虚拟语气。据题意If I you ,要用虚拟语气，故选C。
69．C
【详解】试题分析：句意：--彼得打算参加劳拉的派对，但是他不知道穿什么。-- 如果我是他，我就戴一顶帽子。那会使他很酷。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构：
1、与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”
2、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”
3、与将来事实相反
若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。根据句意可知是于现在的情况相反，故选C
考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。
70．D
【详解】试题分析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你有一百万，你会做什么？ 我会把它捐给医学研究。根据上文提到 What would you do if you won a million yuan 这是对现在的虚拟，所以回答时用would do ，故选D项。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
71．B
【详解】句意“如果我不忙，我就跟你去”。本题考查对将来的虚拟语气。即“if+过去时，主语+should/would/could/might do”结构。故选B。
点睛：
虚拟情况 从句 主句
对现在的虚拟 过去式（be一般用were） should/would/could/might+do
对过去的虚拟 had+过去分词 should/would/could/might+have done
对将来的虚拟 过去式（be一般用were） should/would/could/might+do
should+动词原形
were+to do
72．B
【详解】试题分析：句意：如果我有很多钱，我要给家人买个大大的房子。句子用虚拟语气，所以动词用过去式，would，had，故选B。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
73．D
【详解】试题分析：如果我有一百万美元，我要和我的父母环游世界。结合语境可知主句描述的是将来动作，用将来时态。从句中是对将来的虚拟，故用过去时态。选D。
考点：if引导的条件状语从句
点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构：
1、与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”
2、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”
3、与将来事实相反
若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”：
74．A
【详解】句意：他的英语老师建议他每天听英文歌，他现在唱歌好多了。
考查宾语从句。由句中suggest 及句子结构分析可知是考查suggest that 引导的虚拟语气，结构为suggest that +主语+should do sth，其中that 和should 可以省略；因此第一空用主格he, 第二空填listen。故选A。
【点睛】suggest 的用法一般有三种：1.suggest sb doing sth 意为“建议某人做某事”；2.suggest sth 建议某事。3. suggest that +主语+should do sth, 其中 that 和should 可以省略；没有suggest sb to do sth；这是易错点，做题时要注意。
75．A
【详解】试题分析：与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句用过去时，主句用would/should/might+动词原形。句意：如果我是你，我就穿衬衫带领带去参加聚会。那样更礼貌。故选A。
考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。
76．B
【详解】试题分析：句意：如果我今晚受到邀请，我会去参加晚宴的。由整个题干可知，现实情况与事实相反，是非真实的情况，是虚拟语气，虚拟语气中be都用were,故选B。
考点: 考查虚拟语气的用法。
77．B
【详解】句意：——总统做了一个明智的决定，不是吗？——是的，他做到了。我不知道如果我必须做出那个决定，我会怎么做。
考查虚拟语气和动词时态。根据“I don’t know what I would have done if I...to make that decision”结合句意可知，此处是对过去事情的假设，用虚拟语气，主句用would+现在完成时结构，则从句用过去完成时（had done）。故选B。
78．A
【详解】试题分析：句意：我班里的一个学生对我说：如果我是数学老师，我会使数学学习更简单有趣，而不是每天给学生许多作业去做。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构：
1、与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”
2、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”
3、与将来事实相反
若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。
该句描述的是与现状相反的事实故选A。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
79．A
【详解】句意：——如果John有几百万美元，他会做什么 ——他会把钱捐给慈善机构。
考查虚拟语气。根据题干可知本题考查虚拟条件句，由句意：如果John有几百万美元，他会做什么 可见这是与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，从句中的动词用过去时，主句要用would+动词原形，故答案选A。
80．C
【详解】句意：如果你仔细阅读了说明，你就会知道我现在指的是什么了。
考查虚拟语气和倒装句。根据“you would…”可知，条件状语从句与过去的事实相反，所以从句用过去完成时had read，在条件状语从句中，若if省略，需用倒装句，将had提前。主句中“我现在指的是什么”是真实事实，根据“now”，可知用现在进行时be doing形式，所以用助动词am。故选C。
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