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2023年上海市嘉定区高考英语二模试卷
1.
Understanding Your Loved Ones
Eight months after my father died，I saw some letters on top of my mother's coffee table.They were written decades ago （1） ______ my father's neat handwriting.I couldn't imagine my serious father ever （2） ______ （ write） anything like love letters.
"Would you like me to read them to you？"Mom asked with a hint of a smile.The letters （3） ______ （ address） to my mother in 1974 over the course of a month when my father traveled back to Italy to care for his sick mother，leaving his wife and me behind in Toronto，（ 4） ______ my parents had immigrated to in 1956.
I sat back and listened while my mother read his letters to me，and thought，"Who is this guy？"My father was proud and stubborn（固执的），and he married a woman who was his equal in that regard.During their 58- year marriage，their stubbornness often （5） ______ （ lead） to conflict.So it was bittersweet to hear my father's youthful words （6） ______ （ read） aloud by my elderly mother with a sad tone.I knew she was thinking about what could have been different if she had been （7） ______ （ proud）.
As children，we often assume we know （8） ______ about our parents.But，sometimes，we find out that they were and are people with various dimensions.After she finished reading the letters，I held them in my hands and examined them like they were fossils（化石）.A man of few words（9） ______ my father was，he had filled the front and back of several pages.
These letters are only part of their correspondence.My mother also wrote back to my father.I begged her to read them to me，but she only smiled.I don't want to enter her heart's most sacred place uninvited unless she wishes（10） ______ （ listen） to.But she has assured me that one day she will share them with me.
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2.
A.conventional B.tolerable C.layer D.stranded E.pile F.insightful
G.difference H.placed I.hazards J.anchor K.rays
Inspired by Arctic LifePolar bears are warm-blooded animals with heavy fat and fur that can survive in freezing Arctic temperatures.A team of students from the Royal Danish Academy，inspired by polar bears，designed a pop-up igloo （弹出式冰屋）—an emergency tent that might make survival in sub-zero areas much more （1） ______ .
Led by Henry Glogau，the team said that their design can help those lost or （2） ______ in extreme conditions.With little visibility and no phone coverage，people may face severe （3） ______ while waiting for rescue in cold polar areas.Rather than fight against the extreme conditions，the team looked to use them to its advantage."Inspired by snow caves and the （4） ______ winter-used tents，we treat snow as a building material rather than a burden，"the team told Vigour Times website.
The pop-up igloo adopts a mylar （聚酯薄膜） material，which works similarly to polar bears'skin.Besides their thick fat and fur，polar bears have black skin underneath，which is ideal for absorbing （5） ______ from the Arctic sun.In the same way，the mylar material reflects heat into the area within the tent to keep people feeling comfortable.The pop-up igloo also features an origami-like （像折纸的） design，which helps to trap the snow and （6） ______ the tent.The origami pockets create areas where snow can （7） ______ up on the outside.It prevents heat from escaping from the tent，while holding the tent to the ground.This adds another protective （8） ______ to everything inside.
To check its capabilities and limits，the team put the design through intensive testing for one month in Alaska.The analysis indicates that an average 37°C （9） ______ in temperature between indoors and outdoors could be maintained.In the future，the pop-up igloos could be （10） ______ along hiking routes in cold areas like the Arctic，where they could be set up in seconds when needed.
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Has someone ever told you something that made you doubt your own memory or judgment？If so，you may be a （1） ______ of gaslighting."Gaslighting"is a kind of psychological abuse to gain （2） ______ over others by purposely making other people think they're wrong even when they're right.The term comes from Patrick Hamilton's play in 1938.Lead character Jack Manningham seeks to convince his wife Bella that she is （3） ______ ，by saying she is imagining the dimming （变暗） of the gas light in their home，when it was actually he who lowered the brightness of the light.
Gaslighting is initially used to talk about what happens in romantic relationships.However，many individuals also experience gaslighting at work.（4） ______ ，a recent survey has found that 58% of the respondents said they have experienced gaslighting at work.It's （5） ______ since gaslighting usually involves a power relationship and a need to control others.In the workplace，the （6） ______ between a boss and his employee can be the perfect breeding （滋生的） ground for this type of behavior.Your boss might tell you to handle an assignment in a certain way，but when you do，he gets （7） ______ and says it wasn't what he wanted.It makes you feel like your memory is （8） ______ .In other situations，your boss may exclude you from a meeting （9） ______ and when you ask him about it，he might accuse you of being too sensitive instead of answering your question directly.
In order to find out whether your boss's behavior really （10） ______ gaslighting or he is just a poor communicator，you could write down your experiences and ask yourself what really happened，what his motives might have been，and how your emotion was （11） ______ .But always be careful because gaslighters know how to fly under the radar （雷达）.They are skilled at weakening an employee's confidence and sense of reality in a clever and （12） ______ way.
To protect yourself，at the end of the conversation with your boss，repeat back what you heard and follow up with an e-mail restating the main points，（13） ______ the interactions between you two.But don't get your hopes high that this will automatically solve the problem，Robin Stern，author of The Gaslight Effect，warns，because it's hard to get a gaslighter to （14） ______ his behavior pattern.If things don't improve，you may want to consider getting out of the gaslighting situation by looking for a new position.It may be one of the best things you can do for your （15） ______ well-being.
3. A. creator B. victim C. host D. scholar
4. A. power B. wealth C. support D. experience
5. A. having fun B. feeling angry
C. going crazy D. becoming younger
6. A. By comparison B. Worse still C. After all D. In fact
7. A. unsurprising B. irrelevant C. unnecessary D. improper
8. A. harmonies B. dynamics C. phases D. replacements
9. A. annoyed B. interested C. frightened D. excited
10. A. visual B. painful C. faulty D. lasting
11. A. at random B. for sure C. in time D. on purpose
12. A. recommends B. constitutes C. escapes D. discovers
13. A. facilitated B. affected C. represented D. monitored
14. A. hard-to-prove B. easy-to-spot
C. safe-to-learn D. tough-to-survive
15. A. interrupting B. overcoming C. abandoning D. documenting
16. A. submit B. attain C. change D. forgive
17. A. emotional B. physical C. virtual D. economic
D
What's wrong with being an amateur？While reading a recently published report saying "many people who attend plays are themselves involved in a form of amateur drama"，August Schulenburg of the Flux Theatre Ensemble questioned the divide between amateurs and professional artists.
One reason for the barrier，he suggests，is fear. "When professional arts organizations perceive their value under threat， they must draw rigid lines to protect it.Amateurs are pushed aside out of fear that they will somehow endanger the professional brands."
But for Schulenburg，it's an outmoded attitude towards amateurs. "The professional artist must be among them and of them；the amateur must be an equal partner at the table." It sounds a lot like he is advocating the kind of large-scale community work.If so，he might have a point.
The importance of forming a community rather than a passive audience is something Douglas MacLennan also picked up on recently over a blog.In a post headlined "Pay attention!If selling tickets is your business model，you've got a problem"，he argues that theatres and other arts institutions will only survive if they "build community rather than audience".The idea is that you give the public reasons to engage with your company，you build loyalty so that their support is more than just a consumer transaction （交易）.Abigail Katz，a regular theater-goer，wonders whether theatres offer good value for money.She has written recently in a post at the Playgoer blog that much of the theatre "doesn't do anything …doesn't make me feel anything".
Lynn Conner，one author of the report，also mentioned "I believe what today's potential arts audiences most want out of an arts event is the opportunity to co-author meaning.They don't want the arts；they want the experience.They want to gain the cultural rights by forming and exchanging opinions that are valued in the community."
18. What do the two underlined pronouns "they" respectively refer to？ ______
A. rigid lines；professional brands.
B. amateurs；professional arts organizations.
C. professional brands；rigid lines.
D. professional arts organizations；amateurs.
19. Which of the following does August Schulenburg agree with？ ______
A. Rigid lines must be drawn to protect professional arts.
B. It is unwise for theatres to overlook amateur audience.
C. Theatres must produce serious plays to attract the audience.
D. The artists should dine together with the amateurs at the table.
20. In paragraph 4，the words of Abigail Katz are cited ______ .
A. to highlight the necessity of surveying customers' feelings
B. to emphasize the importance of advertising through blogs
C. to indicate the failure of theatres to engage the audience
D. to complain about the high price of the theatre plays
21. According to this passage，theatres should put ______ first.
A. the audience's sense of participation
B. the quality of professional plays
C. the actors' personal experiences
D. the control of cultural rights
E
The 2022 World Cup has come to an end.Let's review some facts about the hi-tech turf （草皮） that Qatar had spent much of its energy on.
Qatar，a desert nation，had three main challenges：water，air and light.It got almost every condition going against it.The water used to irrigate （灌溉） the grass is low quality，mainly treated seawater.Because of the desert sun，Qatar's stadiums were built for maximum shade—great for preventing heatstroke，but less ideal for photosynthesis （光合作用）.Inside the nearly-closed stadiums，there's very little air movement.
Qatar identified pitch （球场） quality as a particular issue and set up the Aspire Sport Turf Research and Development Centre to find the best types of grass for use in the harsh climate，testing 24 different varieties.Eventually，Atlas Turf's grass was chosen as much for its appearance as its tolerance for the tough conditions Qatar faces.
The following pictures show some tech facts about the turf，which ensures a consistent and durable surface for the players in all weather conditions.
22. What information can we learn from the passage？ ______
①the conditions against grass growing in Qatar
②the material the stadiums were built with
③the supplier of the turf grass
④the efforts Qatar made to select the most suitable grass
⑤the technology involved in making the turf
⑥the tough challenges facing the football players
A. ①③④⑤ B. ①③⑤⑥ C. ②③④⑤ D. ②④⑤⑥
23. Atlas Turf's grass is chosen probably because ______ .
A. it has very little air movement
B. it becomes rough in windy weather
C. it is shade-tolerant
D. it appears to have a golden color
24. Which of the following is TRUE about the turf？ ______
A. 24 types of grass have been planted on the turf.
B. Damage to the turf can be recovered quickly.
C. Artificial grass covers 70 percent of the turf.
D. Water can be saved at the bottom of the turf.
F
Peter and Minke van Wingerden have created something wild：a herd of cows floating on the sea.The Dutch husband-and-wife team's experiment on sustainable agriculture，called Floating Farm，can be found in the port of Rotterdam.The modernist structure houses 40 cows，who collectively produce some 200 gallons of milk a day.In addition to helping nourish （滋养） the local community，the waterborne farm is playing a part in the global conversation about how the climate crisis is pushing farmers to reconsider how—and where—they produce food.
Floods，extreme heating，droughts and even rising night temperatures have sent the food system off balance.The race to outsmart the constant attack of extreme weather has made the world of farming unrecognizable from what it was only decades ago.A team of scientists in Mexico is developing wheat types that can adapt themselves to different climates，while Jack's Solar Garden in Longmont，Colorado，is a testbed for the emerging method of solar farming.
Rotterdam has already established itself as one of the most climate-adaptive places in the world.Everything from office buildings to entire neighborhoods are built on water in the city，which is 90% below sea level.The Wingerdens' Floating Farm was a new but necessary attempt.Should a weather crisis arise，a waterborne farm isn't necessarily stuck in place.A former property developer with a background in engineering，Peter found his inspiration for the Floating Farm in a climate disaster in New York City，where Hurricane Sandy prevented the delivery of fresh food to millions.
The Wingerdens' model is ripe for reproduction—which is exactly what the Floating Farm's team of 14 are working on now.Plans are under way for a floating vegetable farm to move into the space next to the current Floating Farm.Permit applications are also out for similar structures in Dubai，Singapore and the Dutch cities of Haarlem and Arnhem.
The new projects will apply lessons learned from Floating Farm. "You need to build a house in order to know how to build a house，" Peter says.The biggest obstacles he sees ahead，however，are not financial or physical，but rather political and administrative. "One of the biggest challenges we come across worldwide is regulations.Cities need to have disruptive thinking，cities need to have disruptive departments，and cities need to have areas where you can say：OK，this is the experimental zone." Because what Peter and his team are pulling off is of a different order than the typical sustainability measures. "We are not innovative，" he says. "We are disruptive."
25. Which of the following is TRUE about the Floating Farm？ ______
A. It is the first modern farming attempt to fight climate change.
B. It is a model of new agriculture in the age of climate crisis.
C. It has outsmarted other forms of farming like solar farming.
D. It copies a similar structure in Dubai ready for reproduction.
26. It can be inferred from the passage that ______ .
A. 90% of the population in Rotterdam live below the sea level
B. The New York City is working hard to fight climate change
C. The local community will not be fed without new farming
D. Waterborne facilities are necessary to the future of Rotterdam
27. The phrase "disruptive thinking" in the last paragraph means "thinking ______ ".
A. in a daring and unusual way B. in a focused and logical way
C. in a careful and detailed way D. in a rude and unpleasant way
28. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？ ______
A. Is Rotterdam Built on Water？
B. Can Floating Farming Survive？
C. Are Cows at Sea the Future of Farming？
D. Is Extreme Weather Affecting Agriculture？
A.Bedtime rituals can also help you reduce anxiety.
B.For adults，bedtime rituals typically last 30 minutes to an hour.
C.But engaging in some bedtime activities could actually help you sleep better.
D.Then when the time comes to fall asleep，you'll be ready.
E.There's no fixed format for the perfect bedtime ritual.
F.Evidence indicates that people who read a book in bed have better sleep quality.
Bedtime Rituals
At the end of a long day，you might want to collapse in front of the TV and watch an episode of your favorite show.（1） ______ Settling down with a cup of lemon tea or reading a book can tell your body it's time to sleep.If you turn these activities into a ritual—that is，if you do them every night around the same time—you will be all the more likely to get the rest you need.
A bedtime ritual is important not only because it prepares you for sleep but also because it helps establish healthy sleep habits.If your current habits don't support good sleep，a bedtime ritual can help you make necessary changes.（2） ______ Worry can make it hard to fall asleep at night，but for some people，anxiety at bedtime is common.Rituals can provide comfort by offering predictability and structure.Some rituals，such as journaling，might also relieve anxiety by giving the writer a fresh perspective or sense of meaning.
（ 3） ______ Consider trying several bedtime rituals before settling on a consistent routine.What's important is figuring out what works for you.Start out with two or three activities according to your needs and preferences.If you enjoy exercise and movement，try yoga or gentle stretching.If you find comfort in order，create a to-do list for the next day.If classical music calms you，turn on some Bach or Mozart enjoying a bath.
Whether your bedtime ritual takes place in bed or somewhere else，make sure your environment is relaxing.Wear comfortable clothes or pajamas，curl up（蜷曲） under a cozy blanket，and keep the lights low.（4） ______
29. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
30. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
31. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
32. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
33. Museum Craze Involves More Teenagers
More museums are here waiting for you!China's capital，Beijing，is going to open an other batch（一批） of museums this year.The building of a new branch of the Palace Museum，one of the world's most visited tourist attractions，kicked off as well.
As the museum craze has grown stronger in the past few years，teenagers in China have become more involved in exploring museums，where they can immerse（沉浸） themselves in modern technology as well as culture from the past.According to Educator magazine，visits by teenagers to museums each year increased from 220 million to 290 million in the past 5 years.Among the increasing numbers of museum visitors，many of them were teenagers accompanied by their families，reported Guangming Daily earlier this month.
To draw younger visitors，many museums are creating more offline activities for the purpose of spreading Chinese culture.They include artifact making，night visits，secret adventures，treasure evaluation，and some interesting courses.At the China Hangzhou Arts &Crafts Museum，for example，teenagers gathered around to make paper umbrellas during the Spring Festival holiday.With white gloves on and little spades in their hands，visitors in Henan province got to experience the daily work of archaeologists（考古学家）.Apart from the activities，some museums even open branches especially designed for teenagers.A hall called Popular Agricultural Science for Young Visitors is a special branch launched by China Agricultural Museum.It is an exhibition hall that combines both visual and audio technology to involve teenagers in agriculture.Besides these offline approaches，a number of museums have also created official websites for teenagers，the Palace Museum in particular.Online visitors may go on an exciting adventure on the website in the style of a comic book.
34. 这里是调料和零食，请随意取用。（help）（汉译英） ______
35. 他是个出尔反尔的人，你难道没看出来吗？（whose）（汉译英） ______
36. 据说这款手环将融入多种支付方式，为消费者提供安全便捷的购物体验。（be said to）（汉译英） ______
37. 基础学科拔尖创新人才的培养，事关民族科技自立，具有重大的战略意义。（concern）（汉译英） ______
38. 假设你是李明，你得知美术馆将要举办"国宝展"，邀请好友王磊周末同往。但王磊担心参观耗时太长，影响课业复习，婉拒了你的邀请。写一封电子邮件给王磊，在信中你必须：
（1）简要介绍此次"国宝展"；
（2）给出理由再次劝说王磊同往。
答案和解析
1.【答案】【小题1】in
【小题2】writing
【小题3】were addressed
【小题4】which
【小题5】led
【小题6】read
【小题7】less proud
【小题8】everything
【小题9】though/as
【小题10】to be listened
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：这些信是几十年前我父亲用工整的笔迹写的。分析句子结构可知，结合句意可知，此处与writing搭配的"用"应为介词in。故填in。
（2）考查动名词。句意：我无法想象我严肃的父亲会写情书之类的东西。分析句子结构可知，imagine后应为动名词复合结构作宾语，my serious father是动名词的逻辑主语。故填writing。
（3）考查动词语态。句意：这些信是1974年写给我母亲的，当时父亲回到意大利照顾他生病的母亲，把妻子和我留在了多伦多，我的父母1956年移民到多伦多。根据时间状语in 1974可知，此处使用一般过去时态，且address与句子主语之间为被动关系，主语为复数名，be动词用were。故填were addressed。
（4）考查定语从句。句意：这些信是1974年写给我母亲的，当时父亲回到意大利照顾他生病的母亲，把妻子和我留在了多伦多，我的父母1956年移民到多伦多。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少介词to的宾语，先行词Toronto指物，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
（5）考查动词时态。句意：在他们58年的婚姻中，他们的固执经常导致冲突。根据时间状语During their 58-year marriage可知，此处应使用一般过去时态。故填led。
（6）考查过去分词。句意：所以，当我年迈的母亲用悲伤的语调大声朗读父亲年轻时的话语时，我感到苦乐参半。分析句子结构可知，此处为"hear+宾语+宾补"结构，read与my father's youthful words之间为动宾关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填read。
（7）考查形容词比较级。句意：我知道她在想，如果她不那么骄傲，会有什么不同。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作表语，结合句意可知，此处指的是母亲觉得要是自己不那么的骄傲的话，情况可能会不一样了，所以此处是与过去自己的骄傲相比较，应使用比较级，且意义相反。故填less proud。
（8）考查代词。句意：作为孩子，我们经常认为我们对父母的一切都很了解。分析句子结构可知，此处应为代词作宾语，结合下文中的"But，sometimes，we find out that they were and are people with various dimensions."可知，此处指的是"孩子们觉得自己理解父母的一切"，所以此处应为everything，意为"一切"。故填everything。
（9）考查部分倒装。句意：尽管我父亲是一个沉默寡言的人，他写满了好几页书的正反面。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的状语从句，且句子结构倒装，应为as或者though引导的让步状语从句。故填though/as。
（10）考查动词不定式。句意：我不想不请自来就进入她心中最神圣的地方除非她希望被倾听。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作宾语，根据固定用法wish to do sth.可知，此处应为不定式形式，且listen to与句子主语之间为被动关系，所以此处应为不定式的一般被动式。故填to be listened。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者通过母亲读父亲写给她的信时的情绪变化，明白了如何理解所爱的人。
语法填空要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。
2.【答案】【小题1】B
【小题2】D
【小题3】I
【小题4】A
【小题5】K
【小题6】J
【小题7】E
【小题8】C
【小题9】G
【小题10】H
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：丹麦皇家学院的一组学生受到北极熊的启发，设计了一个弹出式冰屋，这是一种应急帐篷，可以让人们在零度以下的地区生存得更容易。结合句意表示"更容易"可知应填形容词tolerable，作宾补。故填tolerable。故选B。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：由Henry Glogau领导的团队表示，他们的设计可以帮助那些在极端条件下迷路或被困的人。结合句意表示"困住"可知应填动词strand，与those构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填stranded。故选D。
（3）考查可数名词的复数。句意：在寒冷的极地地区，能见度低，没有电话信号，人们在等待救援时可能会面临严重的危险。结合句意表示"危险"可知应填名词hazard，前文没有冠词故用复数形式表示泛指。故填hazards。故选I。
（4）考查形容词。句意：该团队在接受《活力时报》网站采访时表示："受雪洞和传统冬季帐篷的启发，我们把雪当作建筑材料，而不是负担。"结合句意表示"传统"可知应填形容词conventional，作定语。故填conventional。故选A。
（5）考查可数名词的复数。句意：除了厚厚的脂肪和皮毛，北极熊的皮下还有黑色的皮肤，这是吸收北极阳光的理想条件。结合句意表示"阳光"可知应填名词ray，前文没有冠词故用复数形式表示泛指。故填rays。故选K。
（6）考查动词不定式。句意：弹出式冰屋还具有折纸般的设计，有助于留住雪并固定帐篷。结合句意表示"固定"可知应填动词anchor，且为短语help to do sth."帮助做某事"，承前省略了to。故填anchor。故选J。
（7）考查动词作谓语。句意：折纸袋在外面创造了可以堆积雪的区域。结合句意表示"堆积"可知应填动词pile，can后跟动词原形。故填pile。故选E。
（8）考查可数名词单数。句意：这给里面的东西又增加了一层保护层。结合句意表示"层"可知应填名词layer，another后跟单数名词。故填layer。故选C。
（9）考查可数名词单数。句意：分析表明，室内与室外的平均温差可维持在37℃。结合句意表示"温差"可知应填名词difference，作主语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填difference。故选G。
（10）考查过去分词。句意：在未来，弹出式冰屋可以被放置在像北极这样寒冷地区的徒步旅行路线上，在需要的时候，它们可以在几秒钟内设置好。结合句意表示"放置"可知应填动词place，与主语构成被动关系，所以用过去分词和be构成被动语态。故填placed。故选H。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了丹麦皇家学院的一组学生受到北极熊的启发，设计了一个弹出式冰屋，这是一种应急帐篷，可以让人们在零度以下的地区生存得更容易。
如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如主谓一致，动词的时态，语态，固定短语，名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。
3~17.【答案】B、A、C、D、A、B、A、C、D、B、B、A、D、C、A
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.creator创造者；B.victim受害者；C.host主人；D.scholar学者。句意：如果是这样，你可能是煤气灯的受害者。根据上文"someone ever told you something that made you doubt your own memory or judgment"可知，句子表示"你可能是煤气灯的受害者"。故选B。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.power力量；B.wealth财富；C.support支持；D.experience经历。句意：Gaslighting 是一种心理虐待，目的是故意让别人认为自己是错的，即使他们是对的。根据下文"purposely making other people think they're wrong even when they're right"可知，句子表示"Gaslighting 是一种心理虐待，目的是故意让别人认为自己是错的，即使他们是对的"，gain power over sb.意为"征服某人"。故选A。
（3）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.having fun玩得开心；B.feeling angry感到生气；C.going crazy发疯；D.becoming younger变得更年轻。句意：主角Jack Manningham试图说服他的妻子贝拉相信她疯了，他说她是在想象他们家的煤气灯变暗，而实际上是他调低了灯的亮度。根据下文"saying she is imagining the dimming （变暗） of the gas light in their home，when it was actually he who lowered the brightness of the light"可知，主角Jack Manningham试图说服他的妻子贝拉相信她疯了。故选C。
（4）考查固定短语及语境理解。A.By comparison相比之下；B.Worse still更糟糕的是；C.After all毕竟；D.In fact事实上。句意：事实上，最近的一项调查发现，58%的受访者表示他们在工作中经历过煤气灯效应。根据下文"a recent survey has found that 58% of the respondents said they have experienced gaslighting at work"可知，句子表示"事实上，最近的一项调查发现，58%的受访者表示他们在工作中经历过煤气灯照明"。故选D。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.unsurprising不足为奇的；B.irrelevant不相关的；C.unnecessary不必要的；D.improper不适当的。句意：这并不奇怪，因为煤气灯照明通常涉及权力关系和控制他人的需要。根据下文"since gaslighting usually involves a power relationship and a need to control others"可知，在工作中经历过煤气灯效应是不足为奇的。故选A。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.harmonies和谐；B.dynamics动态；C.phases短语；D.replacements替代。句意：在工作场所，老板和员工之间的动态关系可能是这种行为的完美滋生地。根据下文"between a boss and his employee"可知，此处指"老板和员工之间的动态关系"。故选B。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.annoyed生气的；B.interested感兴趣的；C.frightened害怕的；D.excited激动的。句意：你的老板可能会告诉你用某种方式处理一项任务，但当你这样做时，他会很生气，说这不是他想要的。根据下文"says it wasn't what he wanted"可知，句子表示"你的老板可能会告诉你用某种方式处理一项任务，但当你这样做时，他会很生气，说这不是他想要的"。故选A。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.visual视觉的；B.painful痛苦的；C.faulty错误的；D.lasting持久的。句意：这让你觉得你的记忆是错误的。根据上文"it wasn't what he wanted"可知，句子表示"这让你觉得你的记忆是错误的"，故选C。
（9）考查固定短语及语境理解。A.at random任意地；B.for sure毫无疑问地；C.in time及时；D.on purpose故意地。句意：在其他情况下，你的老板可能会故意把你排除在会议之外，当你问他这件事时，他可能会指责你太敏感，而不是直接回答你的问题。根据下文"when you ask him about it，he might accuse you of being too sensitive instead of answering your question directly"可知，句子表示"你的老板可能会故意把你排除在会议之外，当你问他这件事时，他可能会指责你太敏感，而不是直接回答你的问题"。故选D。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.recommends推荐；B.constitutes构成；C.escapes逃跑；D.discovers发现。句意：为了弄清楚你老板的行为是否真的构成了煤气灯，还是他只是一个糟糕的沟通者，你可以写下你的经历，问问自己真实发生了什么，他的动机可能是什么，以及你的情绪是如何受到影响的。根据下文"gaslighting or he is just a poor communicator"可知，此处表示"为了弄清楚你老板的行为是否真的构成了煤气灯，还是他只是一个糟糕的沟通者"。故选B。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.facilitated促进，推动；B.affected影响；C.represented代表；D.monitored监控。句意：为了弄清楚你老板的行为是否真的构成了煤气灯，还是他只是一个糟糕的沟通者，你可以写下你的经历，问问自己真实发生了什么，他的动机可能是什么，以及你的情绪是如何受到影响的。根据上文"when you ask him about it，he might accuse you of being too sensitive instead of answering your question directly"可知，老板这么对待员工，员工的情绪肯定会受影响，此处表示"你的情绪是如何受到影响的"。故选B。
（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.hard-to-prove难以证明的；B.easy-to-spot容易被发现的；C.safe-to-learn有把握学习的；D.tough-to-survive难以存活的。句意：他们擅长用一种巧妙而难以证明的方式削弱员工的信心和现实感。根据下文"To protect yourself，at the end of the conversation with your boss，repeat back what you heard and follow up with an e-mail restating the main points"可知，老板擅长用一种巧妙而难以证明的方式削弱员工的信心和现实感。故选A。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.interrupting打断；B.overcoming克服；C.abandoning放弃；D.documenting记录。句意：为了保护自己，在与老板的谈话结束时，重复你听到的内容，然后发电子邮件重申要点，记录你们之间的互动。根据上文"repeat back what you heard and follow up with an e-mail restating the main points"可知，此处表示"在与老板的谈话结束时，重复你听到的内容，然后发电子邮件重申要点，记录你们之间的互动"。故选D。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.submit提交；B.attain得到；C.change改变；D.forgive原谅。句意：不过，《煤气灯效应》一书的作者Robin Stern警告说，不要对这样就能自动解决问题抱太大希望，因为要让一个煤气灯点燃者改变他的行为模式是很难的。根据上文"don't get your hopes high that this will automatically solve the problem"可知，句子表示"不要对这样就能自动解决问题抱太大希望，因为要让一个煤气灯点燃者改变他的行为模式是很难的"。故选C。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.emotional情绪的；B.physical物理的；C.virtual虚拟的；D.economic经济的。句意：这可能是你为自己的情感健康所能做的最好的事情之一。根据上文"how your emotion was（11）_____"可知，句子表示"这可能是你为自己的情感健康所能做的最好的事情之一"。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是煤气灯效应和员工该如何保护自己免受这种效应的影响。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
18~21.【答案】D、B、C、A
【解析】（1）代词指代题。根据第二段的When professional arts organizations perceive their value under threat（当专业艺术机构意识到自己的价值受到威胁时）可知，第一个they指代的是professional arts organizations；根据第二段的Amateurs are pushed aside（业余爱好者被排挤到一边）可知，第二个they指代的是amateurs。A．rigid lines；professional brands.刚性线；专业品牌；B．amateurs；professional arts organizations.业余爱好者；专业艺术组织；C．professional brands；rigid lines.专业品牌；僵硬的线条；D．professional arts organizations；amateurs.专业艺术组织；业余的。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段的The professional artist must be among them and of them；the amateur must be an equal partner at the table.（专业的艺术家必须在他们中间和他们之中；业余选手在比赛桌上必须是平等的。）可知，August Schulenburg同意的观点是剧院忽视业余观众是不明智的。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段的Abigail Katz，a regular theater-goer，wonders whether theatres offer good value for money.She has written recently in a post at the Playgoer blog that much of the theatre "doesn't do anything …doesn't make me feel anything".（Abigail Katz经常去剧院，她想知道剧院是否物有所值。她最近在Playgoer博客上的一篇文章中写道，剧院的大部分内容"没有任何作用……没有让我有任何感觉"。）可知，第4段引用了Abigail Katz的话是为了指出剧院未能吸引观众。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段的I believe what today's potential arts audiences most want out of an arts event is the opportunity to co-author meaning.They don't want the arts；they want the experience.They want to gain the cultural rights by forming and exchanging opinions that are valued in the community.（我相信，今天潜在的艺术观众最希望从艺术活动中得到的是共同表达意义的机会。他们不想要艺术；他们想要体验。他们希望通过形成和交换在社区中有价值的意见来获得文化权利。）可知，剧院应该把观众的参与感放在第一位。A．the audience's sense of participation观众的参与意识；B．the quality of professional plays职业戏剧的质量；C．the actors' personal experiences演员的个人经历；D．the control of cultural rights对文化权利的控制。故选A。
本文是一篇新闻报道，Flux剧团的August Schulenburg在阅读最近发表的一份报告时表示，"许多观看戏剧的人自己也参与了某种形式的业余戏剧"，他对业余艺术家和专业艺术家之间的分歧提出了质疑。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
22~24.【答案】A、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段的Qatar，a desert nation，had three main challenges：water，air and light.It got almost every condition going against it.（卡塔尔是一个沙漠国家，面临着三大挑战：水、空气和光线。几乎所有的条件都对它不利。），倒数第二段的Qatar identified pitch （球场） quality as a particular issue and set up the Aspire Sport Turf Research and Development Centre to find the best types of grass for use in the harsh climate，testing 24 different varieties.Eventually，Atlas Turf's grass was chosen as much for its appearance as its tolerance for the tough conditions Qatar faces.（卡塔尔认为球场质量是一个特别的问题，并建立了Aspire运动草坪研发中心，以寻找适合恶劣气候的最佳草种，测试了24种不同的草种。最终，Atlas Turf的草被选中，不仅是因为它的外观，还因为它对卡塔尔面临的艰苦条件的耐受力。）及图画中的Technology in the grass（草里的科技）可知，从文章中我们可以了解到卡塔尔不利于草生长的条件，草坪的供应商，卡塔尔为选择最合适的草坪所做的努力和制作草皮所涉及的技术，即①③④⑤，故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的Eventually，Atlas Turf's grass was chosen as much for its appearance as its tolerance for the tough conditions Qatar faces.（最终，Atlas Turf的草被选中，不仅是因为它的外观，还因为它对卡塔尔面临的艰苦条件的耐受力。）和第二段的Because of the desert sun，Qatar's stadiums were built for maximum shade—great for preventing heatstroke，but less ideal for photosynthesis （光合作用）.（由于沙漠的阳光，卡塔尔的体育场都是为了最大程度的遮阳而建造的---这对防止中暑很有帮助，但对光合作用就不太理想了。）可知，选择Atlas Turf的草可能是因为它是耐阴的，故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据图中的文字Artificial threads：They are sewn 18 centimeters deep into the natural turf，which enables faster recovery of the turf.（人工线：在天然草皮上缝18厘米深，可以更快地恢复草皮。）可知，草皮的损坏可以很快恢复。A．24 types of grass have been planted on the turf.草坪上种了24种草；B．Damage to the turf can be recovered quickly.草皮的损坏可以很快恢复；C．Artificial grass covers 70 percent of the turf.人造草覆盖了70%的草皮；D．Water can be saved at the bottom of the turf.水可以保存在草皮的底部。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是卡塔尔花费大量精力打造的高科技草皮的一些事实。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
25~28.【答案】B、D、A、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据首段中的In addition to helping nourish （滋养） the local community，the waterborne farm is playing a part in the global conversation about how the climate crisis is pushing farmers to reconsider how—and where—they produce food.除了帮助滋养当地社区，这家水上农场还在全球讨论中发挥着作用，讨论气候危机如何促使农民重新考虑如何以及在哪里生产粮食。）可知，该项目引发了全球气候危机情况下，如何以及在哪里生产食物的讨论，由此可知，该水上农场是气候危机时代新型农业的典范。故选B项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段中的Everything from office buildings to entire neighborhoods are built on water in the city，which is 90% below sea level.The Wingerdens' Floating Farm was a new but necessary attempt.Should a weather crisis arise，a waterborne farm isn't necessarily stuck in place.（从办公楼到整个社区，这座城市的一切都建在水面上，而这座城市的海平面低于90%。翁格登夫妇的水上农场是一个新的但必要的尝试。如果出现天气危机，水上农场并不一定会被困在原地。）可知，鹿特丹一切都建在低于海平面90%的水上，浮动农场是一个新的但必要的尝试，由此可知，水上设施对鹿特丹的未来是必要的。故选D项。
（3）词义猜测题。根据尾段中的cities need to have areas where you can say：OK，this is the experimental zone." Because what Peter and his team are pulling off is of a different order than the typical sustainability measures. "We are not innovative，" he says.（城市需要有这样的区域，你可以说：好吧，这是试验区。"因为彼得和他的团队所采取的措施与典型的可持续发展措施的顺序不同。"我们缺乏创新，"他说。）可知，在一块试验区，彼得和他的团队正在实施的与典型的可持续措施不同，他们所创建的已经超出了创新，由此可猜测，这是用一种大胆而又不寻常的方式的思考。故选A项。
（4）标题归纳题。根据首段中的The modernist structure houses 40 cows，who collectively produce some 200 gallons of milk a day.In addition to helping nourish （滋养） the local community，the waterborne farm is playing a part in the global conversation about how the climate crisis is pushing farmers to reconsider how—and where—they produce food.（这座现代主义建筑容纳了40头奶牛，它们每天总共生产大约200加仑的牛奶。除了帮助滋养当地社区，这家水上农场还在全球讨论中发挥着作用，讨论气候危机如何促使农民重新考虑如何以及在哪里生产粮食）以及全文对浮动农场的讨论可知，浮动农场除了滋养着当地的社区，还引发了全球对气候危机农业何去何从的讨论，所以"海上奶牛是农业的未来吗"以问题的形式表明本文对水上农场的讨论，且概括了文章的主题。A．Is Rotterdam Built on Water？鹿特丹是建在水上的吗？；B．Can Floating Farming Survive？漂浮养殖能生存吗？；C．Are Cows at Sea the Future of Farming？海上奶牛是农业的未来吗？；D．Is Extreme Weather Affecting Agriculture？极端天气对农业有影响吗？故选C项。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是荷兰夫妇创建浮动农场的由来及其发展的必要性，并在其影响下开发新的可持续发展的农业项目。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
29~32.【答案】C、A、E、D
【解析】（1）语境衔接题。上文At the end of a long day，you might want to collapse in front of the TV and watch an episode of your favorite show.（在漫长的一天结束时，你可能想瘫在电视机前看一集你最喜欢的节目。）说明静止的放松方式。下文Settling down with a cup of lemon tea or reading a book can tell your body it's time to sleep.（坐下来喝一杯柠檬茶或读一本书可以告诉你的身体是时候睡觉了。）说明睡前的具体的活动。故可推知空格处为睡前建议做一些活动。因此C项But engaging in some bedtime activities could actually help you sleep better.（但在睡前做一些活动实际上可以帮助你睡得更好。）符合语境，语意连贯，承结上下文。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。上文If your current habits don't support good sleep，a bedtime ritual can help you make necessary changes.（如果你现在的习惯不支持良好的睡眠，睡前仪式可以帮助你做出必要的改变。）可知，睡前仪式的作用。因此A项Bedtime rituals can also help you reduce anxiety.（睡前仪式也可以帮助你减少焦虑。）讲的是关于睡前仪式的作用，与上文意思一致，上下文语意连贯。故选A。
（3）段落主旨题。根据下文Consider trying several bedtime rituals before settling on a consistent routine.What's important is figuring out what works for you.Start out with two or three activities according to your needs and preferences.（在确定一个固定的作息时间之前，可以考虑尝试几个睡前仪式。重要的是弄清楚什么适合你。根据你的需要和喜好，从两到三个活动开始。）可知，本段讲的是根据你的需要和喜好确定一个睡前仪式，即没有一个固定的模式。因此E项There's no fixed format for the perfect bedtime ritual.（完美的睡前仪式没有固定的模式。）为总结该段内容。故选E。
（4）总结上文题。根据上文Whether your bedtime ritual takes place in bed or somewhere else，make sure your environment is relaxing.Wear comfortable clothes or pajamas，curl up under a cozy blanket，and keep the lights low.（无论你的睡前仪式是在床上还是在其他地方，确保你的环境是放松的。穿上舒适的衣服或睡衣，蜷缩在舒适的毯子下，把灯光调暗。）可知，讲的是睡前的准备过程。因此D项Then when the time comes to fall asleep，you'll be ready.（然后当你要入睡的时候，你就准备好了。）可知，为上文内容的语意递进，上下文语意连贯。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了睡前仪式以及它的重要性。
考查选句填空。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合前后语句及选项做出正确的选择。
33.【答案】Beijing will open more museums this year.With the popularity of museums，there has been increasing participation among teenagers.The number of teenager visits increases each year.（博物馆吸引了越来越多的年轻人）To attract teenagers，some museums are developing more offline events related to Chinese culture，while others launch branches dedicated to teenagers.【高分句型一】（博物馆吸引年轻人所做的努力）Besides，some museums also create some online websites for teenagers to appreciate.【高分句型二】（创造了线上博物馆）
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了现在的博物馆吸引了更多的青少年。
高分句型一：To attract teenagers，some museums are developing more offline events related to Chinese culture，while others launch branches dedicated to teenagers.
翻译：为了吸引青少年，一些博物馆正在开发更多与中国文化相关的线下活动，而另一些博物馆则推出了专门针对青少年的分支机构。
分析：本句使用了while引导的比较状语从句。
高分句型二：Besides，some museums also create some online websites for teenagers to appreciate.
翻译：此外，一些博物馆还创建了一些在线网站供青少年欣赏。
分析：本句使用了不定式to appreciate作目的状语。
概要写作，简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意，也可称之为摘要。写概要时，读者要是把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句，更不是把细节性信息作为中心，而是要通过对文章中的单词、词组和句子进行合理转换，对文章的具体信息进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力，同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
34.【答案】Please help yourself to the sauces and snacks here.
【解析】"随意取用某物"是固定短语help yourself to sth.，"这里是调料和零食"是the sauces and snacks here，句子用祈使句，"请"是please，其后用动词原形，因此整句话翻译为"Please help yourself to the sauces and snacks here"。
故填：Please help yourself to the sauces and snacks here.
这里是调料和零食，请随意取用。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
35.【答案】Don't you see he is a man whose words contradict themselves？
【解析】句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，"你难道没看出来吗"是反问句，译为"don't you...？"，"看出来"使用动词see，"他是个出尔反尔的人"译为一个宾语从句he is a man whose words contradict themselves，作动词see的宾语，其中whose引导定语从句，修饰先行词man，宾语从句结构、意义完整，应用that引导，that可省略。
故填：Don't you see he is a man whose words contradict themselves？
他是个出尔反尔的人，你难道没看出来吗？
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
36.【答案】The wristband is said to integrate a number of payment options，providing safe and convenient shopping experiences for consumers.
【解析】根据提示，该主句使用"be said to"结构作谓语，意为"据说"；根据句意，表示"这款手环"应为the wristband作主语，表示"融入多种支付方式"应为integrate a number of payment options，所以主句译为the wristband is said to integrate a number of payment options，位于句首，首字母需大写；表示"为消费者提供安全便捷的购物体验"作状语，逻辑主语是"手环"，所以表示"为某人提供某物"应为provide sth.for sb.，表示"安全便捷的购物体验"应为safe and convenient shopping experiences 作provide的宾语，表示"消费者"应为customers，所以"为消费者提供安全便捷的购物体验"应为providing safe and convenient shopping experiences for consumers，且provide与句子主语之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词短语作状语，所以状语部分翻译为providing safe and convenient shopping experiences for consumers置于句子之后，用"，"与句子隔开。
故填：The wristband is said to integrate a number of payment options，providing safe and convenient shopping experiences for consumers.
据说这款手环将融入多种支付方式，为消费者提供安全便捷的购物体验。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
37.【答案】The cultivation/development of top innovative talents in basic/fundamental disciplines/subjects is concerned with the independence/self-reliance of science and technology of our nation，which has significant/important/considerable strategic meaning/implications.
【解析】"基础学科拔尖创新人才的培养"译为the cultivation/development of top innovative talents in basic/fundamental disciplines/subjects，在句中作主语。"事关"用短语be concerned with；"民族科技自立"译为the independence/self-reliance of science and technology of our nation，在句中作宾语。指代前面的一件事，用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句。"重大的战略意义"译为significant/important/considerable strategic meaning/implications。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。
故填：The cultivation/development of top innovative talents in basic/fundamental disciplines/subjects is concerned with the independence/self-reliance of science and technology of our nation，which has significant/important/considerable strategic meaning/implications.
基础学科拔尖创新人才的培养，事关民族科技自立，具有重大的战略意义。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
38.【答案】Dear Wang Lei，
I'm sorry to hear that you turned down my proposal of visiting National Treasure Exhibition.【高分句型一】This exhibition has displayed the national treasures of the mainland and Taiwan，which is a valuable opportunity.（写信目的）
A lot of famous Chinese traditional painting by top artists will be exhibited there.You can see some famous painters drawing Chinese paintings on the spot，which I think，will certainly attract the visitor's eyes.I think you can learn more about traditional culture through this exhibition and further enhance your understanding of China.（简要介绍此次"国宝展"）Besides，as the saying goes，all work and no play makes jack a dull boy，so you can relieve yourself from the heavy study loads from this.【高分句型二】（给出理由再次劝说王磊同往）
Again，I sincerely invite you to go to the exhibition with me.I'm looking forward to your reply.（表达期盼）
Yours， Li Ming
【解析】高分句型一：I'm sorry to hear that you turned down my proposal of visiting National Treasure Exhibition.
翻译：听说你拒绝了我参观国宝展的建议，我很遗憾。
分析：本句运用了that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：Besides，as the saying goes，all work and no play makes jack a dull boy，so you can relieve yourself from the heavy study loads from this.
翻译：此外，俗话说，只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻，所以你可以从繁重的学习负担中解脱出来。
分析：本句运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。
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