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新人教版 选择性必修四 Unit 1 Science fiction 单元测试卷
（考试时间：100分钟 分值：100分）
班级：_________ 姓名：__________ 得分：__________
单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. Peter is always regarded as a man of _______ (诚实正直).
2. If you were wrong, admit it. You won’t lose _______ (尊严), but will gain respect.
3. Amy’s _______ (薪水) is not enough to meet her needs.
4. The boss threatened to _______ (解雇) him from his job.
5. The company wants to keep down _______ (劳动) costs.
6. _______ (皮革) goods are very popular in that country.
7. My _______ (侄女) is a high-school graduate.
8. Every worker will receive a _______ (奖金) this year.
9. The information is processed in a _______ (随机的) order.
10. The amount of alcohol in his blood was three times the legal _______ (最大量).
单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. Jack and Mike play tennis twice _______ (week).
2. Do we have to make an __________ (appoint) before we go to the museum
3. I taught my daughter how to do __________ (divide) when she was six.
4. It’s __________ (ridicule) to believe that the earth goes around the moon.
5. I felt _________ (guilt) about not visiting my parents more often.
6. The firm is looking for dynamic individuals to be __________ (salesman).
7. The two sides will sign the _________ (declare) tomorrow.
8. The _________ (explode) made a massive hole in the ground.
9. The __________ (calculate) was damaged accidentally, and we needed to buy a new one.
10. The photo __________ (suspend) on the wall reminds me of the scenes in the science fiction.
三、完成句子（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
1. 现在我们已经准备好测试代码了。
We are now ready to _______________ the code.
2. 城市生活和在乡村生活各有各的优缺点。
There are _______________ of city life and country life.
3. 我是接手这份工作的最佳人选。
I am the ideal person to _______________ the job.
4. 这些结果与早期的发现相矛盾。
These results _______________ earlier findings.
5. 通常情况下，冷饮的销售额在冬季减少。
The sales of cold drinks usually _______________ in winter.
四、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Bazaar of Bad Dreams
Author: Stephen King
US author Stephen King is well-known for creating contemporary horror, supernatural fiction and science fiction stories. His latest book delivers a generous collection of stories with hidden connections. The master storyteller also includes insight into why and how he came to write them.
Magnus Chase and the Gods of Asgard
Author: Rick Riordan
A troubled kid named Magnus Chase has lived alone on the streets of Boston since his mother’s mysterious death. His life changes when he meets Uncle Randolph, a man his mother warned him about. Randolph reveals that Chase is the son of a Norse god. Chase is then tasked with searching for a lost weapon to save the world from monsters.
Little Victories: Perfect Rules for Imperfect Living
Author: Jason Gay
There are always moments in our lives when we feel doomed (注定) to be imperfect. In this collection of humorous essays, Wall Street Journal columnist Jason Gay tells us that, when we mess things up, we should just give ourselves a break and celebrate the things we did right.
Thing Explainer: Complicated Stuff in Simple Words
Author: Randall Munroe
Have you ever been puzzled by complex terminology (术语) Has it prevented you from learning about science This fascinating book provides simple explanations and line drawings to explain essential science concepts. The book’s author is the man behind the popular science blog — What If.
1. What do the first two books have in common
A. They are both humorous. B. They are both science essays.
C. They are not about real life. D. They are both collections of stories.
2. Whose book is your best choice when you feel dissatisfied with life
A. Stephen King. B. Jason Gay.
C. Rick Riordan. D. Randall Munroe.
3. What does Randall Munroe differ from the other authors
A. He’s written a story about the son of Norse god.
B. He inspires readers to live a perfect life.
C. He is well-known for supernatural fictions.
D. He writes blog posts on popular science.
B
I believe in the power of science fiction, not just for its capacity to transform dreams into reality, but also for its power to bond together those who share a common vision of the future. For me, that’s true for my relationship with my dad. Some fathers and sons bond over sports, fishing or hunting, but my dad and I bond over Star Trek. We tried a trip to Disney World, but one of my earliest memories wasn’t Mickey, but a Klingon battle cruiser (巡洋舰) on the screen.
Over the years, nearly every setting and situation has become far away for my dad and me. When it’s warm at night, we’re not driving along some dark streets in Indiana, but going at a slow speed with stars dimly shining. Both of us are thinking of them, without needing to say a word. All these visions of other universes have together created a private universe for my dad and me.
Gene Rodenberry, creator of Star Trek, once said, “Science fiction is a way of thinking, a way of logic that bypasses (绕过) a lot of nonsense. It allows people to look directly at important subjects.” A lifetime of science fiction has influenced more than just my relationship with my dad, but has also helped me shape my own hopes for the future. I’m now a science writer.
Yes, science fiction has made me into a “nerd” (书呆子), and it also has been a source of joy for my family, making me an optimist while enabling me to think critically about the danger of technology. Thank those authors who have shared their visions; the world and my family are better for it. Thank my dad, who is both the best storyteller and the best man I have ever known because he helped me realize the truth of Tennyson’s words, “Since I dipped into the future, I saw the vision of the world, and all the wonders that would be.”
4. What is the special bond between the author and his father
A. Their similar dreams. B. Their love for each other.
C. Their common interest. D. Their hatred for science.
5. What does the author mainly show in paragraph 2
A. His deep impression on his dad.
B. His feeling of staying with his dad.
C. His earliest memory of his dad.
D. His good relationship with his dad.
6. How does science fiction help the author at present
A. It leads him to pursue a desirable career.
B. It brings him the courage to live better.
C. It helps him realize the danger of technology.
D. It makes him become a source of his family’s joy.
7. Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A. The Wonders of Science
B. The Power of Science Fiction
C. The Versions of Science Fiction
D. The Time Together with My Father
C
We’re increasingly relying on automation and artificial intelligence in everyday life. But we still don’t quite trust robots and fear they will take our jobs.
Humankind has a complicated relationship with robots. On the one hand, we appreciate how they can do dangerous, repetitive work that we don’ have to do. Robots don’t need vacations or medical insurance. And in areas such as agriculture, where farmers can’t find enough people to pick the produce, robots can shoulder some of those tasks. But polls (民意调查) show that the growing robotization of the planet makes us feel deeply agitated and threatened.
Pew Research Center surveys found that more than 80 percent of Americans believed that by 2050, robots would do much of the work humans now do — and about 75 percent believed that would make economic inequality worse. Across lines of race, age, and education, people who said automation has hurt workers outnumbered those who said it’s helped workers by two to one.
National Geographic sent David Berreby around the world to look at the present and future state of robots in society.
“Robots now deliver food in Milton Keynes, England, carry supplies in a Dallas hospital, disinfect (给……消毒) patients’ rooms in China and some European countries, and wander parks in Singapore, asking pedestrians (行人) to maintain social distance,” Berreby writes.
“It’s an unavoidable fact that we are going to have machines and artificial creatures which will be a part of our daily life,” Carnegie Mellon University AI roboticist Manuela Veloso told Berreby. “When you start accepting robots around you, like a third species, along with pets and humans, you want to relate to them.”
A third species That’s a new idea indeed. But we’re not there yet. So far, Berreby reports, robots can’t equal the human mind’s ability to do a lot of different tasks, especially unexpected ones, and robots haven’t yet mastered common sense — all skills required to be a magazine editor.
8. What does the underlined word “agitated” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Disappointed. B. Proud.
C. Comfortable. D. Worried.
9. What did Pew Research Center surveys show
A. Most people regarded workplace automation as good.
B. Most people agreed robots helped stimulate the economy.
C. More people thought robots did more harm than good.
D. More people feared robots would bring more social problems.
10. What does David Berreby’s description in paragraph 5 imply
A. People enjoy robots’ company.
B. People have a growing reliance on robots.
C. Robots will pose a serious threat to humans.
D. Robots will soon replace humans in many fields.
11. What is David Berreby’s attitude to accepting robots as a third species
A. Disapproving. B. Favorable.
C. Concerned. D. Reserved.
D
The “Father of Science Fiction,” Jules Verne, lived in the era of steamships and telegraphs, but was able to imagine technologies that wouldn’t be invented for over a century.
Verne isn’t the only science fiction writer to envision (想象) inventions and cultural changes long before they became a part of everyday life. Aldous Huxley predicted antidepressants in his novel Brave New World, published in 1932. John Brunner predicted electric cars in his book, Stand on Zanzibar, published in 1968.
But really, reading up on Verne’s novels made me wonder how he was able to predict so much and write so technically when he wasn’t a trained scientist, physicist or engineer. How did he do it
Like a lot of people, Verne’s parents had their own ideas about his career. They had their hearts set on Verne becoming a lawyer. He knew he wanted to be a writer, but played along and went to school to become a lawyer like his father.
Really, Verne was mostly pretending to study law in Paris while holing up in the National Library of France and poring over (钻研) articles on discoveries in geology and science. Eventually, he came clean with his family that he wanted to write in a new genre (风格) that combined travel and science.
While he studied scientific journals and let all of the age’s cutting-edge discoveries feed the fires of his imagination, Verne surrounded himself with people who could be useful for his writing.
His brother was a naval officer, and Verne would often ask him to double-check what he had written about ships and maritime travel. He also asked his cousin, a math professor, to look at his equations (等式) and a mining engineer friend to help him with physics, according to author Walter James Miller, who wrote annotations (评注) to Verne’s Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea.
“He predicted a lot of things that have happened, but that’s because he was reading a lot and talking with people who knew what was going on in the world around him, so why should we be surprised ” according to Rosalind Williams, a historian at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). “It wasn’t magic. He was just paying attention to things,” she said.
12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. The achievements of Verne’s novels.
B. Science fiction writers’ writing process.
C. Examples of writers who predicted the future.
D. The differences between Verne’s works and other writers’ works.
13. What do we know about Verne
A. He predicted electric cars.
B. He lived up to his parents’ expectations.
C. He preferred studying law rather than geology.
D. He spent most of his time reading about scientific discoveries.
14. Why did Verne surround himself with people who could be useful for his writing
A. He drew inspiration from them.
B. He wanted to borrow money from them.
C. He planned to create figures based on them.
D. He asked them to check the scientific facts in his novels.
15. What did Rosalind Williams say about Verne
A. He succeeded because he put a lot of effort into his writing.
B. He made a big contribution to technological advances.
C. He made some mistakes in his novels.
D. He predicted the future by chance.
五、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Science fiction short stories are a genre of short stories with a plot that deals with science and the latest technology. This type of story is suitable for young people who are excited about learning and exploring new things. 1
Expand your English vocabulary.
As you read a sci-fi story, you will come across words that you don’t understand. Every time you come across a difficult word, you should look it up in the dictionary and find out its meaning. 2
Improve your imagination.
Another benefit is that it can improve your imagination and help you become more creative. There are times when you find your imagination is not creative enough and you get stuck when you are trying to come up with some ideas for a creative project. 3 By improving your imagination, you will be able to create better games, create more creative arts and write better stories of your own.
Spend your free time meaningfully.
4 When you read a sci-fi story, you are learning something instead of wasting time doing things that will not benefit you. Every second of time counts and you don’t want to let it slip away without doing something useful to improve yourself.
5
If you read a lot of sci-fi stories, you will have things to talk to people in conversations. If you have nothing to talk about in conversations, people will find you boring. If you know a lot of stories, you can mention them to a person you have met and this can spark up (激起) an interesting conversation.
A. Develop a good reading habit.
B. Give you something to talk about.
C. Making full use of your time can help you to develop a disciplined lifestyle.
D. The following are benefits of reading short stories in the science fiction genre.
E. Regularly reading sci-fi stories allows you to spend your spare time meaningfully.
F. The more science fiction stories you read, the wider your vocabulary will become.
G. As you read through a story’s plots, you will be able to imagine the plots in your mind vividly.
六、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In many ways, Gitanjali Rao is an ordinary 11-year-old, lively and chatty, yet her scientific spirit makes a huge difference. Last month, she 1 the top prize at the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge for her invention.
What 2 Gitanjali’s work was that her city faced a water emergency with too much lead in its water. “The idea didn’t 3 to me until I saw my parents try to do water tests. The test strips may show inaccurate results, which weren’t very 4 ,” she recalls. She then searched for suitable materials with continued efforts and 5 found that carbon nanotube (纳米管) sensors can be used to sense chemicals. Gitanjali 6 to build a small blue housing using the 3-D printer at her school with computer chips and a battery inside. A free app, which Gitanjali designed under 7 from her computer science teacher, gives instant
8 and sends the data to a linked phone through an attached device.
The process of designing her project wasn’t always 9 , though. Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in summer, 10 along the way. In the award ceremony, Gitanjali also 11 her parents with constant support and 12 to try “crazy ideas”. Gitanjali received $25,000 to further develop her program along with the great 13 of winning the contest. According to Shafer, who 14 Gitanjali, “she shows a lot of motivation to solve 15 issues through science.”
1. A. earned B. designed C. offered D. made
2. A. exposed B. improved C. defined D. inspired
3. A. stick B. belong C. occur D. apply
4. A. simple B. reliable C. predictable D. creative
5. A. initially B. immediately C. temporarily D. eventually
6. A. managed B. promised C. pretended D. happened
7. A. observation B. command C. instruction D. control
8. A. access B. results C. decisions D. approval
9. A. optional B. complete C. continuous D. smooth
10. A. changed B. risked C. helped D. followed
11. A. stressed B. credited C. impressed D. provided
12. A. encouragement B. request C. struggle D. pressure
13. A. fortune B. intention C. honor D. potential
14. A. keeps up with B. gets along with C. takes care of D. speaks highly of
15. A. commercial B. practical C. academic D. systematic
七、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Robotics is a complex field. But brothers Sanjay and Arvind Seshan found an early passion for it. In 2014, they started a mission to make 1 easier for others to learn robotics by creating a website, 2 they teach people to code.
The story started when they were looking for materials for learning how to program, and they
3 (realize) that there was not really anything good online. Then they came up 4 an idea of creating a brief set of lessons from which kids and adults can learn 5 (easy) to program.
The website started with basic lessons on robotics and coding. But now the lessons can support kids who 6 (involve) with robotics for years and who want to learn something new. The brothers thought that one of the reasons why kids liked it was 7 they were being taught by other kids.
The brothers understand that robotics takes 8 (patient) and lots of time. They recall a project 9 (call) Pix3l Plott3r, a robot that would print people’s pictures. It took them two years to get a fully working model, and they made six or more versions. The Seshan brothers’ advice is never 10 (give) up if something does not work the first time and to try different ways of solving the problem.
八、写作（满分15分）
假设你是晨光中学的机器人兴趣小组组长李华，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校，他曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖。你打算邀请他加入你的团队，参加即将于7月底在天津举行的世界青少年机器人技能竞赛。请根据以下提示代表兴趣小组给他写一封电子邮件。
内容如下：
1. 比赛的时间、地点；
2. 邀请他的原因；
3. 训练计划将发送其邮箱，请他提出建议。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：
世界青少年机器人技能竞赛the World Adolescent Robotics Competition
Dear Chris,
I have good news to tell you. ___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
一、1. integrity 2. dignity 3. salary 4. dismiss 5. labour
6. Leather 7. niece 8. bonus 9. random 10. maximum
二、1. weekly 2. appointment 3. division 4. ridiculous 5. guilty
6. salesmen 7. declaration 8. explosion 9. calculator 10. suspended
三、1. test out
2. pros and cons
3. take over
4. conflict with
5. fall away
四、
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本畅销书。
1. C 细节理解题。根据“US author Stephen King is well-known for creating contemporary horror, supernatural fiction and science fiction stories.”和“Randolph reveals that Chase is the son of a Norse god. Chase is then tasked with searching for a lost weapon to save the world from monsters.”可知，前两本书的共同之处在于它们描写的都不是真实的生活。故选C。
2. B 细节理解题。根据“Wall Street Journal columnist Jason Gay tells us that, when we mess things up, we should just give ourselves a break and celebrate the things we did right.”可知，当你感觉对生活不满意的时候，Jason Gay的书是你最好的选择。故选B。
3. D 细节理解题。根据“This fascinating book provides simple explanations and line drawings to explain essential science concepts. The book’s author is the man behind the popular science blog — What If.”可知，Randall Munroe与其他作家的不同之处在于他在网上写与大众科学相关的博客。故选D。
B篇
本文是一篇记叙文。作者和父亲都热爱科幻小说，它不仅帮助作者和父亲建立了深厚的感情，而且帮助作者实现了梦想。
4. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Some fathers and sons bond over sports, fishing or hunting, but my dad and I bond over Star Trek.”可知，作者和他的父亲之间的纽带是他们共同的兴趣爱好——《星际迷航》。故选C。
5. D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“When it’s warm at night, we’re not driving along some dark streets in Indiana, but going at a slow speed with stars dimly shining. Both of us are thinking of them, without needing to say a word. All these visions of other universes have together created a private universe for my dad and me.”可知，作者和父亲很享受在一起的时光。由此可推知，作者在该段主要表明了他和父亲的关系很好。故选D。
6. A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A lifetime of science fiction has influenced more than just my relationship with my dad, but has also helped me shape my own hopes for the future. I’m now a science writer.”可知，科幻小说帮助作者追求理想的事业。故选A。
7. B 标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者和父亲都热爱科幻小说，它不仅帮助作者和父亲建立了深厚的感情，而且帮助作者实现了梦想。因此B项“科幻小说的力量”最适合作文章标题。故选B。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。随着全球机器人化的发展，越来越多的人表示了担忧。
8. D 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“and threatened”，再结合第一段中的“we still don’t quite trust robots and fear they will take our jobs”可知，民意调查显示，地球日益机器人化让我们深感不安。故选D。
9. C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“about 75 percent believed that would make economic inequality worse”以及“people who said automation has hurt workers outnumbered those who said it’s helped workers by two to one”可知，更多的人认为机器人化的弊大于利。故选C。
10. B 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的描述可知，机器人出现在人们生活中的很多领域，代替人来做各种各样的工作，由此可推断，人类对机器人的依赖日益增加。故选B。
11. A 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“But we’re not there yet. So far, Berreby reports, robots can’t equal the human mind’s ability ... and robots haven’t yet mastered common sense — all skills required to be a magazine editor.”可知，David Berreby对接受机器人作为第三物种的观点持反对意见。故选A。
D篇
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了儒勒·凡尔纳是如何成为科幻小说之父的。
12. C 段落大意题。根据第二段中的“Verne isn’t the only science fiction writer to envision (想象) inventions and cultural changes long before they became a part of everyday life.”以及所列举的Aldous Huxley和John Brunner可知，第二段主要列举了几个预测未来的科幻作家。故选C。
13. D 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Verne was mostly ... holing up in the National Library of France and poring over (钻研) articles on discoveries in geology and science.”可知，Verne花了很多时间研读科学发现。故选D。
14. D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Verne would often ask him to double-check what he had written about ships and maritime travel ... a mining engineer friend to help him with physics”可知，Verne与有益于自己写作的人待在一起是为了让他们核实自己小说中的科学事实。故选D。
15. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“he was reading a lot and talking with people who knew what was going on in the world around him”可知，Rosalind Williams认为Verne的成功归结于他在写作中倾注了巨大的努力。故选A。
五、
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阅读科幻短篇小说的好处。
1. D 上文“Science fiction short stories are a genre of short stories with a plot that deals with science and the latest technology. This type of story is suitable for young people who are excited about learning and exploring new things (科幻短篇小说是情节与科学和最新技术相关的一类短篇小说，适合热衷于学习和探索新事物的年轻人).”提到了科幻短篇小说，下文各个段落的小标题“Expand your English vocabulary (扩充英语词汇量).”“Improve your imagination (提高想象力).”和“Spend your free time meaningfully (让你的空闲时间过得有意义).”都是阅读科幻短篇小说的好处。所以D项“以下是阅读科幻短篇小说的好处。”能够引出下文，符合题意。故选D。
2. F 上文“Every time you come across a difficult word, you should look it up in the dictionary and find out its meaning (每当你遇到难词时，你应该查阅词典，找出词义).”指出阅读科幻小说过程中遇到不会的单词应查阅词典，F项“你读的科幻小说越多，你的词汇量就会越大。”则指出阅读科幻小说并且在阅读过程中查阅单词词义的好处是扩大词汇量，符合题意。故选F。
3. G 上文“There are times when you find your imagination is not creative enough and you get stuck when you are trying to come up with some ideas for a creative project (有时候你会觉得自己缺乏想象力，试图为某个创意项目提供一些想法却毫无思路).”指出有时候人们会缺乏想象力，想不出好的创意；下文“By improving your imagination, you will be able to create better games, create more creative arts and write better stories of your own (通过提高想象力，你就能创作出更棒的游戏，创作出更好的艺术作品，写出属于你自己的更好的小说).”进一步指出提高想象力的结果。G项“当你阅读故事情节的时候，脑海里就会生动浮现出那些情节画面。”承上启下，符合题意。故选G。
4. E 设空处所在段落对应小标题是“Spend your free time meaningfully (让你的空闲时间过得有意义).”；下文“When you read a sci-fi story, you are learning something instead of wasting time doing things that will not benefit you (当你阅读科幻小说时，你是在学习，而非虚度光阴).”指出阅读科幻小说能够让你的空闲时间过得有意义是因为你是在学习，则E项“经常阅读科幻小说能让你的空闲时间过得有意义。”是该段的中心句，下文是对该主题的具体说明，符合题意。故选E。
5. B 结合篇章结构可知，设空处是文章第四个小标题，是阅读科幻短篇小说的第四点好处。下文“If you read a lot of sci-fi stories, you will have things to talk to people in conversations (当你阅读了大量的科幻小说，你就能和他人有得聊).”说明该段落主要阐述的是阅读科幻小说和谈资有关，B项“something to talk about”与下文“have things to talk to people in conversations”相一致，符合题意。故选B。
六、
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了吉坦贾利·拉奥只是一个11岁的普通人，活泼健谈，但她的科学精神却产生了巨大的影响，她因其发明获得了探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛的最高奖项。
1. A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：上个月，她凭借自己的发明获得了探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛的最高奖项。A. earned获得；B. designed设计；C. offered提供；D. made制作。根据下文“the top prize at the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge for her invention”可知，吉坦贾利·拉奥获得了这个奖项。故选A。
2. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：吉坦贾利的工作之所以受到启发，是因为她的城市面临着水资源紧急情况，水中铅含量过高。A. exposed暴露；B. improved改善；C. defined定义；D. inspired启发。根据下文“her city faced a water emergency with too much lead in its water”以及“The idea didn’t to me until I saw my parents try to do water tests.”可知，吉坦贾利的城市面临着水资源中铅含量过高这一问题使她受到了启发。故选D。
3. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到我看到父母试着做水测试，我才想到这个主意。A. stick刺；B. belong属于；C. occur想到；发生；D. apply申请。根据下文“until I saw my parents try to do water tests”可推理出，作者在看到父母试着做水测试时，想到了主意。故选C。
4. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：测试条可能显示不准确的结果，这不是很可靠。A. simple简单的；B. reliable可靠的；C. predictable可预测的；D. creative创造性的。根据上文“The test strips may show inaccurate results”可知，测试条可能不可靠。故选B。
5. D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，她继续努力寻找合适的材料，最终发现碳纳米管传感器可以用来感应化学物质。A. initially最初；B. immediately立即；C. temporarily临时地；D. eventually最终。根据上文“She then searched for suitable materials with continued efforts”以及下文“found that carbon nanotube (纳米管) sensors can be used to sense chemicals”可知，上下文要表达的含义是：吉坦贾利经过不断的努力，最终发现了碳纳米管传感器。故选D。
6. A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：吉坦贾利设法在学校用3D打印机建造了一个蓝色的小房子，里面有电脑芯片和电池。A. managed能解决（问题）；B. promised承诺；C. pretended假装；D. happened发生。根据下文“build a small blue housing using the 3-D printer at her school with computer chips and a battery inside”可知，吉坦贾利成功地建成了小房子。故选A。
7. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉坦贾利在她的计算机科学老师的指导下设计了一个免费的应用程序，该应用程序可以提供即时结果，并通过连接的设备将数据发送到连接的手机。A. observation观察；B. command命令；C. instruction指导；D. control控制。根据下文“from her computer science teacher”可推理出是来自她的计算机科学老师的指导。故选C。
8. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. access入口；B. results结果；C. decisions决定；D. approval同意。根据下文“sends the data to a linked phone through an attached device”可知该应用程序能提供即时的结果。故选B。
9. D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不过，她的项目设计过程并不总是一帆风顺。A. optional可选择的；B. complete完整的；C. continuous连续的；D. smooth光滑的；顺利的。根据下文“Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in summer, _____ along the way.”可知，吉坦贾利的项目设计并不是一帆风顺的，她也需要老师的帮忙。故选D。
10. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kathleen Shafer是一名科学家，她在夏天与吉坦贾利搭档担任她的老师，一路上她都在帮忙。A. changed改变；B. risked冒险；C. helped帮助；D. followed跟着。根据上文“Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in summer”可知，Kathleen Shafer一直都在帮助吉坦贾利。故选C。
11. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖典礼上，吉坦贾利把她的成功还归功于父母的不断支持以及鼓励她尝试“疯狂的想法”。A. stressed强调；B. credited把……归功于；C. impressed给……以深刻印象；D. provided提供。根据下文“constant support”可知，吉坦贾利把她的成功还归功于父母的不断支持。故选B。
12. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. encouragement鼓励；B. request要求；C. struggle挣扎；D. pressure压力。根据上文“constant support”以及下文“try ‘crazy ideas’”可知，空白处应填表示“鼓励”含义的名词。故选A。
13. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉坦贾利获得了25000美元，用于进一步发展她的项目，并获得了赢得比赛的巨大荣誉。A. fortune命运；B. intention目的；C. honor荣誉；D. potential潜力。根据下文“winning the contest”可知，赢得比赛是一种荣誉。故选C。
14. D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Shafer对吉坦贾利评价很高，她说：“她表现出了通过科学解决实际问题的很大动力。”A. keeps up with跟上；B. gets along with与……相处；C. takes care of照顾；D. speaks highly of高度赞扬。根据下文“she shows a lot of motivation to solve _____ issues through science”可知，Shafer对吉坦贾利有着很高的评价。故选D。
15. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. commercial商业的；B. practical实用的；C. academic学术的；D. systematic系统的。根据第二段中“She then searched for suitable materials with continued efforts and _____ found that carbon nanotube (纳米管) sensors can be used to sense chemicals.”可知，吉坦贾利是通过科学解决的实际问题。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两兄弟为帮助他人学习编程而创建了一个网站提供教学课程，让人们更容易学习机器人技术的故事。
1. it 考查代词。根据“make+宾语＋宾语补足语”这一结构可知，此处easier是形容词作宾语补足语，空处应用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语to learn robotics。故填it。
2. where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是website，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
3. realized 考查动词的时态。根据语境和前文中的started可知，此处描述的是过去的事。故填realized。
4. with 考查介词。come up with是固定短语，意为“想出；提出”。故填with。
5. easily 考查词性转换。此处应用副词作状语，修饰动词learn，表示“容易地”。故填easily。
6. have been involved 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此空在定语从句中作谓语。定语从句的主语who指代先行词kids，根据固定搭配be involved with“涉及，参与”以及时间状语for years可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been involved。
7. that 考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，此空引导表语从句，从句结构和句意完整，所以用只起连接作用而没有任何词义的that引导。故填that。
8. patience 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应用patient的名词形式作宾语，且patience是不可数名词。故填patience。
9. called 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此句已有谓语recall，所以此空用非谓语动词，且动词call和project之间是动宾关系，用过去分词作定语。故填called。
10. to give 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此空用非谓语作表语，表示还没有发生的动作，应用动词不定式与后文to try并列。故填to give。
八、
Dear Chris,
I have good news to tell you. The World Adolescent Robotics Competition will be held in Tianjin at the end of July. Hearing that you once took part in a robotics competition and won an award, I, on behalf of the Robotics Hobby Group, intend to invite you to join our team in the coming competition. I am sure that your participation will not only help us win the award but also enhance the friendship between our two schools.
With this email I also send you our training plan, about which I wish to get your advice because you are more experienced than us. We sincerely hope that we can participate in the competition as team partners.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua

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