资源简介

主谓一致 学案及小练
考点一 语法一致原则
主语 谓语动词的数 例句
不可数名词、单数可数名词、第三人称单数 单数 The young man is from Nanjing. 那位年轻人来自南京
复数名词、人称代词复数及第二人称单数you 复数 The children were in the classroom two hours ago. 孩子们两小时前在教室里
both…and…连接的名词、代词 复数 Both Tom and Sam play the drums well. 汤姆和萨姆鼓打得都很好。
动词不定式、动词的-ing形式或从句 单数 Running every morning is good for us. 每天早晨跑步对我们有益。 What he said is not true. 他说的不是真的。
one of+可数名词复数/复数代词 单数 One of the books is boring. 这些书里有一本很无聊。
either, neither, each, every或no+单数名词 单数 Each student has an English dictionary. 每个学生都有一本英语词典。
由every-,some-, any-,no-构成的复合不定代词 单数 Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事,只怕有心人。
主语后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as,including等 取决于主语 的数 The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum. 那个老师和他的学生们将去参观博物馆。
分数/百分数+of+名词 取决于短语后面的名词的数 Three fifths of the workers in the factory are men. 工厂里五分之三的工人是男性
a lot of/lots of/plenty of/the rest of+名词 取决于短语后面的名词的数 Lots of people have been to the Great Wall. 很多人去过长城。
定语从句中,关系代词that, who,which作主语时 与先行词的数保持一致 I like the students who study hard. 我喜欢努力学习的学生。
a number of+可数名词复数 复数 A number of books are given away to the poor students. 许多书被捐赠给了那些贫穷的学生
the number of+可数名词复数 单数 The number of the students in our class is 50. 我们班学生的数量是50。
a pair of+可数名词复数 单数 A pair of new shoes is given to him as a present by his grandma. 他奶奶送给他一双新鞋作为礼物。
数词+pairs/ kinds+of+可数名词复数 复数 Sixty pairs of socks are sold every week on average in the shop. 这个商店平均每周卖60双袜子。
考点二 意义一致原则
意义一致原则是指从意义上处理主谓一致关系。谓语动词的单复数形式取决于主语所表示的概念
主语 谓语动词的数 例句
有些词如maths, news, physics虽以-s结尾,但表示单数意义 单数 Maths is one of the most important subjects. 数学是最重要的学科之一。
集体名词 (如:family /class/team/group/public等) 取决于主语的意义 His family is going to move to Nanjing.他一家要搬到南京。(作为整体时,用单数) The whole family are having dinner. 全家人正在吃饭。(作家庭成员讲时,用复数)
表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等名词 单数 Five pounds is enough.五英镑就足够了。 Three years has passed quickly.三年的时间很快就过去了。
the+姓氏名词复数,表示“……一家人;……夫妇” 复数 The Smiths have decided to go to Kunming for holiday. 史密斯一家人已经决定去昆明度假了。
the+形容词,表示一类人 复数 The young are energetic. 年轻人精力充沛。
“more than a/an+单数名词”或“many a/an+单数名词” 单数 Many a student has seen the film.许多学生看过这部电影。
and连接并列主语,表示同一个人或物(注:and后面无冠词) 单数 The doctor and writer is very famous. 这位医生兼作家非常有名。
考点三 就近一致原则
（就近一致原则是指谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数保持一致。）
1.or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…,not…but…等连接并列主语时,谓语动词的形式要由离谓语最近的主语来确定。
Not only I but also Tom enjoys watching television. 不仅我而且汤姆也喜欢看电视。
Either I or he is right. 要么我对了,要么他对了。
2.在there be句型中,谓语动词与离其最近的主语在数上保持一致。
There are two trees and a horse behind the house. 房后有两棵树和一匹马。
3.在here引导的句子中,主语不止一个时,谓语动词通常与离其最近的主语在数上保持一致。
Here is an apple, two oranges and some peaches for you.
这是给你的一个苹果、两个橘子和一些桃。
语法综合演练
Ⅰ.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Eric is a sports fan and always 　　　　(follow) the latest sports news.
2.Tom’s family 　　　　(be) a big one. And the family 　　　　(get) together to have a big dinner on New Year’s Eve every year.
3.Look at the big window in my bedroom. Next to it　　　　(be) shelves full of my favourite toys.
4.This pair of socks　　　　(feel) soft. I’ll take them.
5.Everyone except Tom and Mike　　　　(be) here when the teacher came in.
6.Look! The police 　　　　(carry) the food onto the bank of the river.
7.The Smiths 　　　　(make) dumplings in the kitchen at this time yesterday.
8.Mary who is my friend as well as her sisters 　　　　(study) Chinese in China now.
9.In our school library, there 　　　　(be) a number of books on art. The number of the books　　　　________(be) still growing larger and larger.
10.Fifty percent of the work 　　　　(be) not easy for Millie to finish. She needs your help.
Ⅱ.用方框内所给单词的正确形式完成句子。
be　enjoy　return　need offer　consider　take　have
1.—I often see Peter’s father play basketball on my way to school.
—That’s not strange. Not only Peter but also his father 　　　　sports.
2.One thousand kilometers 　　　　quite a long way to the ancients, but now we can complete the journey in about one hour by air.
3.Each of us 　　　　a life goal, which will guide us to a bright future.
4.—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community
—Wonderful. A lot of useful advice on self-protection 　　　　.
5.—Who helps you with your homework, your father or your mother
—Neither my father nor my mother 　　　　to do so. I can finish my homework at school because of the “double reduction” policy.
6.—Do you think it necessary for teenagers to learn cooking at home
—Sure. Cooking 　　　　as an important part of education in China.
7.—Jane, I rang you up last night but nobody answered.
—Oh, both my parents and I 　　　　a walk in the park then.
8.Chen Dong, together with Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe, 　　　　from the space station safely already.
Ⅲ.选词填空
break　worry　bad　she　where pass　during　hold　child　attend
Susan is the daughter of the famous environmental scientist Clark. But the woman has become an environmentalist on 1.　　　　 own.
In 1992, the first U.N. Earth Summit(峰会) 2.　　　　 in Rio de Janeiro. Thousands of people from around the world headed for it to talk about the Earth’s tomorrow. Twelve-year-old Susan and three of her friends formed a group. They raised money to travel to Rio 3.　　　　 the summit.
At the summit, Susan said that the state of the environment 4.　　　　 her a lot. “You don’t know how to fix the holes in our ozone layer(臭氧层). You don’t know how to bring back forests that once grew 5.　　　　 there is now desert. If you don’t know how to fix the Earth, please stop 6.　　　　 it!” The six-minute speech made them fall into deep thinking.
After that speech, Susan began to lead “two lives”. On the typical days, she was a schoolchild. But 7.　　　　 her vacations, she spoke internationally about the environment.
Now, 30 years 8.　　　　 since Susan made her Rio speech. Although many of the world’s environmental problems have still become 9.　　　　 than ever before, Susan does agree that some things are different now. More and more people give voice like Susan because they have realized the importance of the environment.
“Thirty years ago, I was fighting for my tomorrow. Now, I am fighting for my 10.　　　　 future,” says Susan, now a mother of two, who has kept calling people’s attention to climate(气候) change.
包头题组　立足包头考情
1.I don’t want to carry the novel I’m reading around the whole time, 　　　I read e-book.
A.but B.or C.yet D.so
2.—Jamie, please send me postcards 　　　　I’ll know where you have visited.
—It’s a good idea!
A.but B.so C.or D.for
3.It’s not easy to change habits, 　　　　with strong will and self-control, it is possible.
A.for B.or C.but D.so
4.Give me your e-mail address, 　　　　I’ll send you the form.
A.or B.and C.but D.nor
全国题组　全国视野看中考
1. I saw a good film, 　　　　I can’t remember its name.
A.so B.or C.for D.but
2.The movie starts at two o’clock, 　　　　let’s meet at the theater at one forty-five.
A.so B.or C.if D.because
3.Read the book Cute Pets, 　　　　you will know how to take care of your cat.
A.or B.so C.and D.but
4.I want to buy something special for my grandmother, 　　　　her birthday is coming.
A.because B.although C.so D.and
5.Don’t be afraid to make mistakes, 　　　　you’ll never really learn the language.
A.and B.or C.so D.until
6.—Who went to the party last night
—Almost everyone did. 　　　　lots of friends 　　　　Mr. Wu appeared at the party.
A.Neither; nor B.Either; or
C.Not only; but also D.Not; and
7.　　　　 Tom 　　　　Tim is going with you because one of them must stay at home.
A.Either; or B.Neither; nor C.Both; and D.Not only; but also
8.—Which do you prefer, tea or coffee
—Either.　　　　 tea 　　　　coffee are my favorite.
A.Not only; but also B.Both; and C.Neither; nor D.Either; or
9.—Hurry up, Jason! We’re going to the cinema, but the clothes still need 　　　　.
—Don’t worry. I think thirty minutes 　　　　enough.
A.washing; are B.to wash; are C.to wash; is D.washing; is
10.—Using public chopsticks 　　　　necessary when eating with others.
—That’s right.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
11. Neither Saturday nor Sunday　　　　 OK because I will be quite busy these two days.
A.are B.is C.am D.be
12.In our school library, there 　　　a number of books on art. The number of the books 　　　still growing larger and larger.
A.is; is B.are; is C.is; are D.are; are
13.We all know that one of the world’s most popular sports 　　　　football.
A.am B.is C.are D.will be
14.Everyone except Bill and Jim 　　　　there when the meeting began.
A.was B.is C.are D.were
15.Not only you but also everyone here 　　　　watching football matches.
A.likes B.like C.is like D.are liking
16.The teacher and writer　　　　 coming to our school this afternoon.
A.is B.are C.be D.was
17.—What would you like to have for supper, Jack
—Either noodles or rice 　　　　OK. I don’t mind.
A.are B.were C.is D.was

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