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2023年上海市浦东新区高考英语二模试卷
1. Emily Dobek is a seventh-graded at East Prairie Elementary School.Recently she （1） ______ （win） a national prize by designing a space station for travelling to Mars.
Dobek races her interest in space and the universe back （2） ______ Grade Three when she and her father watched a blood moon—a total lunar eclipse （月食）—on the roof of their house.She says that night watching the lunar eclipse awakened her passion （3） ______ has yet to run out of fuel.
So（4） ______ her teacher，Andrew Smeeton，received information about the national challenge，she immediately had one student in mind.
"I knew she would love the challenge and that she would go way beyond in her research，"Smeeton said."When she started，bone density （骨密度） of astronauts （5） ______ （research） immediately to figure out how to survive on Mars."
According to Dobek'design，the Mars Storage Station （MSS） will be built （6） ______ （accommodate） the need for sufficient supplies.She explains how her spacecraft—the Adventure—will be joined to a space station before flying to the MSS to load supplies.Her design includes the Self Growing Farm，and she details （7） ______ it would work with elements on Mars.
Then there is physical and leisure activity for the astronauts under Dobek's design.A simulator （模拟器） allows astronauts to choose their exercise machine and virtual reality environment.Rooms with circular ceilings allow astronauts to watch （8） ______ （download） shows and even see places on Earth，such as their homes.
Chief among her immediate goals，she said，is to inspire （9） ______ with this project."I want to tell other kids to follow their passions，"Dobek said，"（10） ______ they want to do，they should kind of just push for it.They should always try their best."
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
2.
A.absence B.double C.extended D.functions E.fund F.outpaced
G.prospects H.record I.shifted J.steady K.upward
Japan births fall to record low as population crisis deepens Japan saw 799，728 births in 2022，the lowest number on record.That number has nearly halved in the past 40 years；by contrast，Japan recorded more than 1.5 million births in 1982.Japan also reported a（n）（1） ______ high for post-war deaths last year，at more than 1.58 million.Deaths have（2） ______ births in Japan for more than a decade，posing a growing problem for leaders of the world's third-largest economy.They now face a ballooning elderly population，along with a shrinking workforce to（3） ______ pensions and health care as demand from the aging population increases.
Japan's population has been in（4） ______ decline since its economic boom of the 1980s and stood at 125.5 million in 2021.Its death rate of 1.3 is far below the rate of 2.1 required to maintain a stable population，in the（5） ______ of immigration.
The country also has one of the highest life expectancies in the world；in 2020，nearly one in 1，500 people in Japan were aged 100 or older.These concerning trends resulted in a warning from Prime Minister that Japan is"on the edge of not being able to maintain social（6） ______ "and Japan"simply cannot wait any longer"in solving the problem of its low birth rate.A new government agency will be set up to focus on the issue，with Prime Minister saying that he wants the government to（7） ______ its spending on child-related programs.
But money alone might not be able to solve the complex problem，with various social factors contributing to the low birth rate.Japan's high cost of living，limited space and lack of child care support in cities make it difficult to raise children，meaning fewer couples are having kids.Urban couples are also often far from（8） ______ family in other regions，who could help provide support.In 2022，Japan was ranked one of the world's most expensive places to raise a child.
And yet，the country's economy has slowed down since the early 1990s，meaning frustratingly low wages and little（9） ______ mobility.
The average real annual household income declined from﹩50，600 in 1995 to﹩43，300 in 2020.Attitudes toward marriage and starting families have also（10） ______ in recent years，with more couples putting off both during the pandemic.
A recent series of studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.They focused on three different sports：World Cup soccer，professional basketball，and professional baseball.The results are mixed.For soccer and basketball，the studies revealed that adding talented players to a team is indeed a （n）（ 1） ______ strategy，but only up to a point.Performance （2） ______ when about 70% of the players were considered top talent.Above that level，the team's performance began to decline.Interestingly，this trend was not evident in baseball，where additional （3） ______ talent continued to enhance the team's performance.（Figure 1 and 2）
In looking for an explanation for the different results for different sports，the researchers （4） ______ one important factor—the extent to which a good performance by a team required its members to coordinate （协调） their actions.This task （5） ______ distinguishes baseball from basketball and soccer.
In baseball，the performance of individual players is （6） ______ teammates than in soccer and basketball.The researchers concluded that when，during the course of play，task interdependence is high，team performance will （7） ______ when there is too much talent in the group.When task interdependence is lower，（8） ______ individual talent will have a positive effect on team performance.
One explanation for this phenomenon is not so far from the pecking order （等级排序） situation among chickens.If a basketball star is pursuing his own personal goals，（9） ______ trying to gather a high personal point total，he may be less （10） ______ than team player.He may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a team mate，thus making the team's overall performance suffer."There is no（11） ______ in TEAM，"young children learning to play team sports are often told.Apparently stars （12） ______ follow this basic principle of sportsman ship.
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team，some players may begin to（13） ______ This is referred to as the Ringelmann effect.Ringelmann conducted an experiment in which he asked two，three，four，and up to 28 people to participate in a game of tug-of-war.He measured how much force each person used to pull the rope.He found that whenever he added a person to the team，everyone else pulled with less force.
（ 14） ______ the ideal team—for sports，business，science，or entertainment—is more complicated than simply hiring the best talent.An A-team may require a（15） ______ not just A players，but a few generous B players as well.
3. A. sensible B. partial C. alarming D. attainable
4. A. faded B. peaked C. evolved D. proceeded
5. A. team B. creative C. academic D. individual
6. A. identified B. overlooked C. considered D. concealed
7. A. explanation B. conclusion
C. discussion D. interdependence
8. A. more suitable for B. more critical to
C. less dependent on D. less involved in
9. A. swing B. suffer C. endure D. function
10. A. in principle B. in a sense
C. in other words D. on the other hand
11. A. as a rule B. by contrast
C. for example D. as a matter of fact
12. A. stressed B. genuine C. sensitive D. generous
13. A. I B. HE C. THEY D. WE
14. A. closely B. rarely C. humbly D. jointly
15. A. make less effort B. cause more trouble
C. take less advantage D. attach more importance
16. A. Inspiring B. Intensifying C. Gathering D. Training
17. A. exploration B. balance C. stability D. flexibility
D
It was a winter afternoon when，rushing to attend the final show of my art school degree，I caught the heel of my boot on the edge of a pavement.Suddenly，I was flying through the air.If the past two years studying photography had taught me anything，it was an appreciation of how things can change in a thousandth of a second.Light，shadow，colours，all are in a constant state of flux （不断的变动）— as is life.And since crash-landing onto my left shoulder，I have been living through the truth of this wisdom.
That day，doctors diagnosed a cracked bone.It was only the next morning when，instinctively，I tried to capture some spectacular sunlight streaming into my kitchen，that I had to face the harsh reality：I could no longer lift my camera，let alone us it.Latch that week，a hospital appointment confirmed my worst scar — the arm needed total rest.
Soon，I became cantankerous and impatient.I couldn't travel，I could't go anywhere much.Surfing online，I came across the concept of gratitude inter vent ions and their role in boosting mood and well being.A Californian psychologist，Sonja Lyubomirsky，has pioneered research into using a daily photography practice as a tool for enhanced gratitude.Her instructions are simple，but not necessarily cask.Take photographs throughout the day of things that are central to who you are.Take at least five photos a day.Initially，it felt like a demanding task.But reading how participants assigned to the gratitude interventions had experienced enhanced positive emotions，I decided to persevere.
Pain forced me to slow down，because capturing a single iPhone photo was painful.And，yet，the struggle to find anything to feel grateful about，and then to record it，started to dramatically improve both my mood and my images.I began to photograph the most boring details of my days，from my breakfast cup to a red pepper reflected in the window.Despite everything，I found I could find magic in the ordinary. "Life seems repetitive and boring when you don't notice the uniqueness of each moment and the constant subtle changes that are going on all around you，" write Andy Karr in a wonderful book on photography.I agree，but don't just take my word for it — experience it for yourself.
18. What happened to the writer on the winter afternoon ？ ______
A. She went to her classmate's degree show in a hurry.
B. She tripped over and broke her shoulder bone.
C. She was taught an unforgettable lesson on photography.
D. She took a photo of a tragic crash-landing to be on show.
19. The underlined word " cantankerous"in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______ .
A. suspicious of the hospital diagnosis
B. desperate to have my injury treated
C. enthusiastic about boosting wellbeing
D. bad-tempered and always complaining
20. The writer photographed the boring life routine because ______ .
A. underlying magic consisted in daily affairs
B. gratitude fuelled a struggle against boredom
C. it was central to the essence of photography
D. she felt like being assigned demanding tasks
21. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage ？ ______
A. Express Gratitude to Winter
B. Become a Master of Photography
C. Witness Re birth out of Injury
D. Picture this beauty in the Ordinary
E
ENTERTAINMENT|RESTAURANTS|THEATRE|FILM|MUSIC|EXHIBITIONS
A notable highlight of the show was the real confidence of the singing.Sam Hall was a joy to watch，with perfect comic timing，as was Emma Williams，thoroughly believable and convincing in her role.These two young talents stole the show，in my opinion.The only disadvantage is appointments were the dancing，which showed a lack of originality，and the opening scene，which fell a little flat.Despite the occasional technical flaws，this was a highly enjoyable and greatly impressive production，which the company should be proud of.
I was really looking forward to Jonathan Baker's latest，which is set in an imagined，but realistic，London of the scar future.But I found this new effort was act down by the slightly one-dimensional characterization，and the writing is below standard for the most part：some of the early scents between Martha and her husband are slightly boring.The superb characterization and ambition that baker demonstrated in his previous novels seem to be missing here.Baker' commitment to describing the lives of ordinary people is admirable，but the whole thing is lacking in energy.
This is episode number three in the nearly twenty-year-old series，delivering a very attractive and interesting story and loads of comedy.There is some strong writing and voice acting，but the new episode chooses to go for a linear （线性的） narrative，with some puzzle included along the way，which is less involving than the theme of exploration and conversation which previous episode have depended on.Besides，the puzzle are not particularly engaging，and many of them have been seen before in other adventure games.The visuals are extremely impressive，of course，as we have come to expect，this time featuring venues in Catalonia.But overall，a slight disappointment.
22. The underlined phrase" stole the show "most probably means ______ .
A. disappointed the producer B. ruined the whole performance
C. attracted the most attention D. exhibited excessive confidence
23. Which of the following statements about Jonathan Baker is TRUE？ ______
A. He excels in one-dimensional characterization.
B. His novels center around ordinary people's lives.
C. His novels show consistent super characterization and ambition.
D. He is passionate about presenting realistic images of future London.
24. The puzzle in episode number three ______ .
A. are integrated in the narrative
B. arc appealing to the audience
C. deal with the theme of exploration
D. are absent in other adventure games
F
Plugs across America
The United States has around 150，000 fuel stations to re till fossil-fuel-burning vehicles.Despite the rapid growth of all-electric vehicle in America — 400，000 of them were sold in 2021，up from barely la，000 in 2012 — the country has only 6，000 fast electric charging stations，the kind that can rapidly charge a battery-powered car.
A glance at America's charging map reveals a lot of charging deserts.This makes sense，as EVs （electric vehicle） still represent less than 3% of new car sales.Large cities have a growing number of fast charges，but not nearly enough to accommodate so many EVs.Away from cities，these charters are along interstate highways closely enough to allow electric cars safe passage.Otherwise，they are nearly nonexistent in rural America.And EV stations have a problem that gas stations don't： "Even the fastest Tesla supercharger is still going to take 15 minutes to put a couple hundred miles on the vehicle，" says Jeremy Michalek，a professor at Carnegie Mellon University.
Michalek says American charging facilities fall far behind what' needed for the whole country to transition to electric driving.On the bright side，there is time to catch up，because not all Americans will embrace at once.Most early adopters were those with access to a charge at home in their garage or parking space.Those owners can wake up with a full battery and only need to rely on public charters when they leave town on an extended trip.But as the country gets to higher levels of EV adoption，the current facilities won't be enough.That is why Michalek says the US needs to prioritize increasing the number of charges at rest stops along well-traveled highways，especially as more people use electric cars for summer-time road trips.
"As we act to higher levels of EV adoption，if we don't have enough chargers for peak demand，the wait times are going to be unlike what we see with gas stations，" he says.
Charging dead bones will be larger as more Americans consider an EV.Renters who do not have the option to install a home charges will be hesitant to go fully electric until they can feel confident a public plug will be there when they need it.And as more households drive only electric vehicles，it will be crucial that people can get to all the places they want to go.
In the best case，Michalek envisions public-private cooperation to build a national charging network.The US government has promised to install plugs throughout rural areas，while companies constructing charging stations across America will have a strong motivation to fill in the country's biggest cities.After all，companies like Electrify America，EV go，and Charge Point charge customers of energy they use.
25. It can be learned from the 2nd paragraph that ______ .
A. there is a shortage of charging stations in the rural areas of America
B. it takes about 15 minutes for an average charge to charge a battery-powered car
C. more electric vehicles are sold than fossil-fuel burning cars in large cities in America
D. there are enough charges in America considering the limited sales of new electric vehicles
26. Which of the following statements would Michalek most probably agree with ？ ______
A. Companies setting up charging stations are hesitant to go electric.
B. Those who already have a home charge don't have to find a public plug.
C. Top priority needs to be given to adding more charging stations across the country.
D. There is enough time to establish a charging network，because not many EVs are used.
27. What can be inferred about the renters ？ ______
A. Some renters don't have the intention to go electric.
B. Some renters might not be authorized to install a home charge.
C. As more renters are unwilling to use public plugs，the charging dead bones are growing.
D. Some renters might not have enough confidence in the public plugs for the safety reasons.
28. Who does Michalek expect to work together to establish the charging network nationwide？ ______
A. The government and some companies.
B. The local government and every household.
C. The charging facility providers and every family.
D. The federal government and the local rural government.
A.In reality gardens are anything but natural.
B.What are the things they have been attracted to？
C.They are idealized landscapes with all the mud，pests and dead plants edited out.
D.How much better a place the planet would be if gardening was our outlet for this need!
E.Much like agriculture，gardening is a universal human desire coded into our cultural DNA.
F.The calmness created by owning a tiny green space under my control has a powerful effect on my mind.
As a botanist who studies our cultural relationship with plants，I am forever fascinated with what draws people to gardening.
Admittedly，connecting with the natural world might seem like an obvious motivation，and undoubtedly it is a key part of the attraction.（1） ______ If they were，we'd abandon any attempts at design，planting or care and watch how walls of weeds slowly gave way to the mass of bushes.But that wouldn't be gardening，of course，because for all their diversity，the one thing that all gardens have in common is how unnatural they are.（2） ______ Dazzling plants，water fractures and glorious blooms is all interconnected well beyond what would naturally occur.Whether it is green lawns created in the driest deserts or a tropical paradise on a stormy North Atlantic island，they are all about shaping the natural world to fit our idea
of what it"should"be.
As I work on my tiny terrariums（玻璃花园） on dark February nights，something magical happens to my brain.（3） ______ In a world that has become increasingly uncertain，people are often fuelled by the same psychological desire：the instinctive need to have a bit of control amid chaos.
As our world becomes more and more unpredictable and often frightening，gardening seems to be able to appeal to and reach out to a whole new generation，often against all odds.
Of course，gardening isn't the only thing people turn to.The rise of culture conflicts and fixation on body image have also been widely documented as being driven by a psychological need to feel a degree of certainty，control and safety.However，I can't help but think of these alternatives：（4） ______
29. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
30. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
31. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
32. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
33. Directions：road the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point （s） of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible.
A plan to restore green spaces
The UK government has revealed a plan to protect and restore England's wild life.It focuses on at-risk species by making canals，rivers and streams cleaner and expanding green spaces.
The new Environmental Improvement Plan sets goals to create or restore more than 5，000 square kilometres of wildlife habitats across England and restore 400 miles of rivers.It will create or expand 25 national nature reserves.New woodland will also be planted alongside rivers.At the moment，access to green spaces is not equal across the UK.Around 4% of people live more than 10 minutes away from their nearest park.The Environmental Improvement Plan aims to make sure households in England are within a 15-minute walk to a green space.
As well as helping more people to act close to nature，the plan should increase England's biodiversity.A species Survival Fund will be set up to help some of England's most endangered animals，such as red squirrels （松鼠） and watch rats.The Government has set targets to boost these species by 2030.There are also targets to reduce food waste，glass，metal，paper and plastic by 2028，and to improve the quality of water in rivers.
New rules mean that the Government will have to consider the environmental effects of any policy it puts forward.These goals are part of a 25- year plan that was launched in 2018.The aim of the plan is to improve the environment "within a generation " which is roughly 25 years.
Although lots of people have welcomed the plan，not everyone is impressed.Pail de Zylva，from the charity Friends of the Earth，said it wasn't clear enough how the goals would be met and that many of them were like promises the Government had already made but not yet delivered.
________
34. 有了无人机，救援人员就可以安全地评估灾区的受灾状况。（enable）（汉译英） ______
35. 他刚出差回来，就马不停蹄地赶到施工现场了解工程进度。（the moment）（汉译英） ______
36. 这家酒店不但避免使用一次性塑料产品，而且还采用节能照明系统，开创了当地生态旅游的先河。（adopt）（汉译英） ______
37. 这位来自奥地利艺术学院的油画家近期会在上海举办个人作品展，将呈现给参观者一场视觉盛宴。（which ）（汉译英） ______
38. Directions：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假期即将来临，你的朋友李华计划完成一篇调查报告，他对去公共图书馆还是去自习室（self-study room）写报告犹豫不决，现征求你的建议。请参考以下信息，写一封邮件，内容需包括：
（1）你的建议；
（2）你建议的理由。
公共图书馆 自习室
收费标准 免费 20元/5小时
开放时间 9：00 a.m—5：00 p.m 24小时
交通时长 45分种 10分钟
设施环境 免费使用馆内资源 免费茶点
答案和解析
1.【答案】【小题1】has won
【小题2】to
【小题3】that/which
【小题4】when
【小题5】was researched
【小题6】to accommodate
【小题7】how
【小题8】downloaded
【小题9】others
【小题10】whatever
【解析】（1）考查时态。句意：最近，她设计了一个前往火星的空间站，获得了国家奖。根据Recently可知，本句主句用现在完成时，主语为she，助动词用has。故填has won。
（2）考查介词。句意：Dobek对太空和宇宙的兴趣可以追溯到三年级，当时她和父亲在他们的屋顶上观看了血月——月全食。短语back to是固定搭配，表示"追溯到"，to是介词。故填to。
（3）考查定语从句。句意：她说，那天晚上看月食唤醒了她的激情，她的激情还没有耗尽。分析句子结构可知，句中含定语从句，修饰先行词passion，在从句中作主语，指物，所以用that或which引导从句。故填that/which。
（4）考查状语从句。句意：因此，当她的老师Andrew Smeeton得知全国挑战赛的消息时，她马上想到了一个学生。根据句意及句子结构可知，空格处用来引导时间状语从句，表示"当……时候"，应用when。故填when。
（5）考查时态语态。句意：当她开始时，宇航员的骨密度立即被研究出来，以弄清楚如何在火星上生存。根据句意，主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文started可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为bone density of astronauts，谓语用单数。故填was researched。
（6）考查不定式。句意：根据Dobek的设计，火星储存站（MSS）的建造将满足充足供应的需要。此处accommodate作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to accommodate。
（7）考查宾语从句。句意：她的设计包括自我生长的农场，她详细介绍了它将如何与火星上的元素一起工作。分析句子结构可知，句中含有宾语从句，空格处引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用how。故填how。
（8）考查过去分词。句意：有圆形天花板的房间可以让宇航员观看下载的节目，甚至可以看到地球上的地方，比如他们的家。分析句子结构可知，空格处用来修饰后文名词shows，shows和download之间是被动关系，所以应用过去分词downloaded，作定语。故填downloaded。
（9）考查代词。句意：她说，她的首要目标是用这个项目激励其他人。空格处作宾语，表示"其他人"，应用代词others。故填others。
（10）考查状语从句。句意：无论他们想做什么，他们都应该推动它。根据句意及句子结构，句中含状语从句，空格处用来引导让步状语从句，表示"无论什么"，从句中do缺少宾语，应用whatever。故填whatever。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了Emily Dobek是一名七年级学生，她设计了一个前往火星的空间站，获得了国家奖。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
2.【答案】H
【解析】（1）考查可数名词的单数。句意：日本还报告说，去年创下战后死亡人数记录历史新高，超过158万人。结合句意表示"记录"应填名词record，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填record。故选H。
（2）考查动词时态。句意：10多年来，日本的死亡人数一直超过出生人数，给这个世界第三大经济体的领导人带来了一个日益严重的问题。结合句意表示"超过"应填动词outpace，作谓语，结合上文have可知为现在完成时。故填outpaced。故选F。
（3）考查动词不定式。句意：他们现在面临着不断膨胀的老年人口，随着老龄化人口需求的增加，为养老金和医疗保健提供资金的劳动力也在减少。结合句意表示"提供资金"应填动词fund，此处to为不定式符号，应填动词原形。故填fund。故选E。
（4）考查形容词。句意：自20世纪80年代经济繁荣以来，日本人口一直在稳步下降，2021年为1.255亿。结合句意表示"稳步"应填形容词steady，作定语修饰decline。故填steady。故选J。
（5）考查不可数名词。句意：它的死亡率为1.3，远远低于在没有移民的情况下维持人口稳定所需的2.1。结合句意表示"没有，缺乏"应填名词absence，作宾语，为不可数名词。故填absence。故选A。
（6）考查可数名词的复数。句意：这些令人担忧的趋势导致首相警告说，日本"处于无法维持社会功能的边缘"，日本在解决低出生率问题方面"不能再等待了"。结合句意表示"功能"应填名词function，为可数名词，前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一应用复数。故填functions。故选D。
（7）考查动词不定式。句意：一个新的政府机构将被设立来关注这个问题，首相说他希望政府在儿童相关项目上的支出增加一倍。结合句意表示"翻倍"应填动词double，且为短语want…to do sth."想要某人做某事"，已给出to，所以用动词原形。故填double。故选B。
（8）考查形容词。句意：城市夫妇往往远离其他地区的大家庭，他们可以帮助提供支持。结合句意表示"大家庭"应填形容词extended，构成extended family。作定语。故填extended。故选C。
（9）考查形容词。句意：然而，自20世纪90年代初以来，这个国家的经济已经放缓，这意味着令人沮丧的低年龄和几乎没有向上流动的机会。结合句意表示"向上"应填形容词upward，作定语。故填upward。故选K。
（10）考查动词时态。句意：近年来，人们对婚姻和组建家庭的态度也发生了变化，越来越多的夫妇在疫情期间推迟了这两项计划。结合句意表示"变化"应填动词shift，结合上文have可知为现在完成时。故填shifted。故选I。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了随着人口危机的加深，日本的出生率降至历史最低。文章说明了出生率低，死亡率高对日本社会的影响。
如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如主谓一致，动词的时态，语态，固定短语，名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。
3~17.【答案】A、B、D、A、D、C、B、D、C、D、A、B、A、C、B
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.sensible理智的；B.partial部分的；C.alarming令人担忧的；D.attainable可以达到的。句意：对于足球和篮球来说，研究表明，为球队增加有天赋的球员确实是一个明智的策略，但这只是在一定程度上。后文"when about 70% of the players were considered top talent"提到当大约70%的球员被认为是顶尖人才时，他们的表现达到顶峰，所以为球队增加有天赋的球员确实是一个明智的策略，故选A。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.faded褪色，消退；B.peaked到达高点；C.evolved逐渐形成；D.proceeded进行。句意：当大约70%的球员被认为是顶尖人才时，他们的表现达到顶峰。根据后文"Above that level，the team's performance began to decline.（超过这个水平，球队的表现开始下降）"可知，当大约70%的球员被认为是顶尖人才时，他们的表现达到顶峰。故选B。
（3）考查名词和形容词及语境理解。A.team队伍；B.creative创造性的；C.academic学业的；D.individual单独的，个人的。句意：有趣的是，这种趋势在棒球运动中并不明显，在棒球运动中，个人天赋的增加会继续提高球队的表现。第三段中"In baseball，the performance of individual players is"提到了在棒球比赛中，球员的个人表现不像足球和篮球那样依赖于队友，所以在棒球运动中，个人天赋的增加会继续提高球队的表现。故选D。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.identified识别，确定；B.overlooked忽视；C.considered考虑；D.concealed隐藏。句意：为了解释不同运动项目的不同结果，研究人员确定了一个重要因素---个团队的良好表现对其成员协调行动的要求程度。根据后文"one important factor"指研究确定了运动项目的重要因素。故选A。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.explanation解释；B.conclusion结论；C.discussion讨论；D.interdependence互相依赖。句意：这种任务的相互依赖性将棒球与篮球和足球区分开来。根据后文"task interdependence is high"可知，这里指相互依赖性将棒球与篮球和足球区分开来。故选D。
（6）考查短语及语境理解。A.more suitable for更合适……的；B.more critical to更批判的；C.less dependent on对……没那么依赖的；D.less involved in少参与的。句意：在棒球比赛中，球员的个人表现不像足球和篮球那样依赖于队友。上文提到在相互依赖性中棒球与篮球和足球有区分，这是因为在棒球比赛中，球员的个人表现不像足球和篮球那样依赖于队友。故选C。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.swing摇摆；B.suffer变差，遭受；C.endure持续存在；D.function运转。句意：研究人员得出的结论是，在比赛过程中，当任务之间的相互依赖性很高时，当团队中有太多天才时，团队表现就会受到影响。根据上文"task interdependence is high"以及后文"when there is too much talent in the group"可知，当任务之间的相互依赖性很高时，当团队中有太多天才时，团队表现就会受到影响。故选B。
（8）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.in principle原则上；B.in a sense在某种意义上；C.in other words换句话说；D.on the other hand另一方面。句意：另一方面，当任务相互依赖程度较低时，个体才能会对团队绩效产生积极影响。后文是在说明相互依赖程度低的情况，即"另一方面"。故选D。
（9）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.as a rule通常；B.by contrast相比之下；C.for example例如；D.as a matter of fact事实上。句意：如果一个篮球明星追求的是他自己的个人目标，例如试图获得更高的个人总得分，他可能没有团队球员慷慨。后文"trying to gather a high personal point total"是对篮球明星追求的是他自己的个人目标进行举例，故选C。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.stressed紧张的；B.genuine真正的；C.sensitive敏感的；D.generous慷慨的。句意：如果一个篮球明星追求的是他自己的个人目标，例如试图获得更高的个人总得分，他可能没有团队球员慷慨。根据后文"He may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a team mate，thus making the team's overall performance suffer.（当传球给队友更好的时候，他可能会自己投篮，从而使球队的整体表现受到影响）"可知，如果一个篮球明星追求的是他自己的个人目标，例如试图获得更高的个人总得分，他可能没有团队球员慷慨。故选D。
（11）考查代词及语境理解。A.I我；B.HE他；C.THEY他们；D.WE我们。句意：学习团队运动的孩子们经常被告知"TEAM（团体）一词中没有I（我）"。根据后文"in TEAM"可知，team单词中没有I，即强调团体，而不是个人的作用。故选A。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.closely密切地；B.rarely很少；C.humbly谦虚地；D.jointly共同地。句意：显然，明星们很少遵循这一运动员精神的基本原则。上文"He may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a team mate，thus making the team's overall performance suffer.（当传球给队友更好的时候，他可能会自己投篮，从而使球队的整体表现受到影响）"可知，显然，明星队员很少遵循这一运动员精神的基本原则。故选B。
（13）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.make less effort不努力；B.cause more trouble造成更多麻烦；C.take less advantage少占点便宜；D.attach more importance重视。句意：另一种可能性是，当一个球队有很多天才时，一些球员可能会开始不那么努力。根据后文"This is referred to as the Ringelmann effect.Ringelmann conducted an experiment in which he asked two，three，four，and up to 28 people to participate in a game of tug-of-war.He measured how much force each person used to pull the rope.He found that whenever he added a person to the team，everyone else pulled with less force.（这就是所谓的林格曼效应。林格曼进行了一项实验，他让2人、3人、4人，最多28人参加了一场拔河比赛。他测量了每个人拉绳子时用的力。他发现，每当他增加一个人到团队中，其他人拉的力都更小）"说明了，当一个球队有很多天才时，一些球员可能会开始不那么努力。故选A。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.Inspiring鼓舞；B.Intensifying加紧；C.Gathering聚集；D.Training训练。句意：在体育、商业、科学或娱乐领域组建理想的团队，比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。根据后文"the ideal team—for sports，business，science，or entertainment—is more complicated than simply hiring the best talent"可知这里指组建团队，故选C。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.exploration探索；B.balance平衡；C.stability稳定性；D.flexibility灵活性。句意：A级团队可能需要一个平衡---不仅是A级球员，还要有一些慷慨的B级球员。根据后文"not just A players，but a few generous B players as well."可知，团队需要A级球员，还要有一些慷慨的B级球员，即需要平衡。故选B。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了最近的一系列研究考察了天赋在体育界的作用。他们专注于三种不同的运动：世界杯足球、职业篮球和职业棒球。对于足球和篮球来说，研究表明，为球队增加有天赋的球员确实是一个明智的策略，但这只是在一定程度上。文章介绍了研究的一些发现以及背后的原因。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
18~21.【答案】B、D、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的It was a winter afternoon when，rushing to attend the final show of my art school degree，I caught the heel of my boot on the edge of a pavement.Suddenly，I was flying through the air.（那是一个冬天的下午，我赶着去参加艺术学院学位的最后一次展示，靴子的鞋跟被人行道的边缘绊了一下。突然，我在空中飞了起来。）以及第二段中的That day，doctors diagnosed a cracked bone.（那一天，医生诊断出骨头开裂。）可知，作者在赶着去参加艺术学院学位的最后一次展示的途中意外被绊倒伤到了骨头。故选B项。
（2）词义猜测题。根据划线单词与其后的 impatient（和没耐心的）为并列关系可知，该单词的意思与"没耐心"相近，结合第三段中的I couldn't travel.I couldn't go anywhere much.（我不能旅行。我哪儿也去不了。）可知，作者在摔伤后不能外出，所以作者应该是很"暴躁"。A．suspicious of the hospital diagnosis怀疑医院的诊断；B．desperate to have my injury treated急切地希望我的伤得到治疗；C．enthusiastic about boosting wellbeing.热衷于提高福利；D．bad-tempered and always complaining脾气不好，总是抱怨。故选D项。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中的I began to photograph the most boring details of my days，from my breakfast cup to a red pepper reflected in the window.Despite everything，I found I could find magic in the ordinary.（我开始拍摄我生活中最无聊的细节，从早餐杯到反射在窗户上的红辣椒。不管怎样，我发现我能在平凡中找到魔力。）可知，作者拍摄生活中的无聊的细节是发现能在平凡中找到生活中的魔力，也就是说，魔力就在平凡的生活中。故选A项。
（4）标题归纳题。根据尾段中的"Life seems repetitive and boring when you don't notice the uniqueness of each moment and the constant subtle changes that are going on all around you，" write Andy Karr in a wonderful book on photography.I agree，but don't just take my word for it — experience it for yourself.（安迪 卡尔在一本关于摄影的好书中写道："当你没有注意到每一个时刻的独特性和周围不断发生的微妙变化时，生活就会变得重复而无聊。"我同意，但不要只相信我的话---自己去体验。）并结合讲述的作者自己的经历可知，不能发现生活中每个时刻的独特性和生活中发生的微妙变化时，生活就会变得单调而无聊，所以，应该在生活中多注意这些平凡的琐事以及周围发生的微妙变就会发现，平凡生活中的美好，D项"想象一下平凡中的美"适合做文章标题。故选D项。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是作者赶着去参加艺术学院学位的最后一次展示的途中被绊倒意外受伤，休息期间在了解到了"感恩干预"理念，并在这一理念的帮助下改善了休息期间作者的情绪，懂得了在平凡中也可以发现奇迹。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
22~24.【答案】C、B、A
【解析】（1）词句猜测题。由本文第一部分中的关键句Sam Hall was a joy to watch，with perfect comic timing，as was Emma Williams，thoroughly believable and convincing in her role.These two young talents stole the show，in my opinion.（Sam Hall是一种观看的乐趣，有着完美的喜剧时机，Emma Williams也是如此，她在她的角色中完全可信和令人信服。在我看来，这两位年轻才俊______。）可知，这两个年轻人因为其表演吸引了最多的注意，故划线词意思是"吸引了最多的注意"。A.disappointed the producer令制片人失望；B.ruined the whole performance毁了整个表演；C.attracted the most attention吸引了最多的注意；D.exhibited excessive confidence表现出过度自信。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。由本文第二部分中的关键句Baker' commitment to describing the lives of ordinary people is admirable，but the whole thing is lacking in energy.（Baker致力于描述普通人的生活，这是令人钦佩的，但整件事缺乏活力。）可知关于Jonathan Baker，B选项"他的小说以普通人的生活为中心"正确。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。由本文第三部分中的关键句There is some strong writing and voice acting，but the new episode chooses to go for a linear （线性的） narrative，with some puzzle included along the way，which is less involving than the theme of exploration and conversation which previous episode have depended on.（有一些强大的写作和配音，但新章节选择了线性叙事，沿途包含一些谜题，这比前一章节所依赖的探索和对话主题更少涉及。）可知第三集中的谜题融入了叙事。故选A。
这是一篇应用文。文章主要是对一场表演、一个作家以及一部剧集的评价。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
25~28.【答案】A、C、B、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Otherwise，they are nearly nonexistent in rural America.（除此之外，它们在美国农村几乎不存在）可知，美国农村地区充电站不足。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段That is why Michalek says the US needs to prioritize increasing the number of charges at rest stops along well-traveled highways，especially as more people use electric cars for summer-time road trips.（这就是为什么Michalek说，美国需要优先增加交通繁忙的高速公路上休息站的充电数量，尤其是越来越多的人在夏季使用电动汽车进行公路旅行）可知，Michalek会认同当务之急是在全国范围内增加更多的充电站。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Renters who do not have the option to install a home charges will be hesitant to go fully electric until they can feel confident a public plug will be there when they need it.（没有选择安装家庭充电器的租户会犹豫是否要完全电动，直到他们确信在他们需要的时候会有一个公共插头）可推知，一些租客可能没有被授权安装家庭充电站。A．Some renters don't have the intention to go electric.一些租房者并不打算使用电动汽车；B．Some renters might not be authorized to install a home charge.一些租户可能没有被授权安装家庭充电；C．As more renters are unwilling to use public plugs，the charging dead bones are growing.随着越来越多的租房者不愿意使用公共插头，充电死骨越来越多；D．Some renters might not have enough confidence in the public plugs for the safety reasons.出于安全原因，一些租户可能对公共插头没有足够的信心。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段In the best case，Michalek envisions public-private cooperation to build a national charging network.The US government has promised to install plugs throughout rural areas，while companies constructing charging stations across America will have a strong motivation to fill in the country's biggest cities.After all，companies like Electrify America，EV go，and Charge Point charge customers of energy they use.（在最好的情况下，Michalek设想公私合作建立一个全国性的充电网络。美国政府已承诺在整个农村地区安装充电插头，而在美国各地建设充电站的公司将有强大的动力在该国最大的城市充电。毕竟，像Electrify America，EV go和Charge Point这样的公司会向客户收取他们使用能源的费用）可知，Michalek希望与政府和一些公司合作建立全国范围内的充电网络。A．The government and some companies.政府和一些公司；B．The local government and every household.当地政府和每家每户；C．The charging facility providers and every family.充电设施提供商和每个家庭；D．The federal government and the local rural government.联邦政府和当地农村政府。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了尽管全电动汽车在美国增长迅速——从2012年的不到1000辆增长到2021年的40万辆——但美国只有6000个快速充电站，这种快速充电站可以为电池驱动的汽车快速充电。文章主要介绍了美国充电站不足的现状以及解决建议。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
29~32.【答案】A、C、F、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据上文Admittedly，connecting with the natural world might seem like an obvious motivation，and undoubtedly it is a key part of the attraction.（诚然，与自然世界联系似乎是一个明显的动机，毫无疑问，这是吸引力的关键部分）以及后文If they were，we'd abandon any attempts at design，planting or care and watch how walls of weeds slowly gave way to the mass of bushes.（如果是这样，我们就会放弃任何设计、种植或护理的尝试，看着一堆堆的杂草慢慢地让位于大量的灌木丛）可知，后文提到放弃花园的设计，花园就会变得杂草丛生，可见花园不属于自然的一部分，需要人工维护。故A选项"实际上，花园一点也不自然"符合语境，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据上文But that wouldn't be gardening，of course，because for all their diversity，the one thing that all gardens have in common is how unnatural they are.（但这当然不是园艺，因为尽管花园种类繁多，但所有花园都有一个共同点，那就是它们多么不自然）可知，本句旨在指出花园的不自然之处：去掉了所有的泥土、害虫和枯死的植物，是理想化的景观。故C选项"去掉了所有的泥土、害虫和枯死的植物，是理想化的景观"符合语境，故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据上文As I work on my tiny terrariums （玻璃花园） on dark February nights，something magical happens to my brain.（在二月的夜晚，当我在我的玻璃花园工作时，我的大脑发生了一些神奇的事情）以及后文In a world that has become increasingly uncertain，people are often fuelled by the same psychological desire：the instinctive need to have a bit of control amid chaos.（在一个越来越不确定的世界里，人们经常受到同样的心理欲望的刺激：在混乱中有一点控制的本能需求）可知，本句旨在说明料理花园给作者的思想带来怎样的感受。故F选项"在我的控制下，拥有一个小小的绿色空间所创造的平静对我的思想有强大的影响"符合语境，故选F。
（4）推理判断题。根据上文Of course，gardening in't the only thing people turn to.The rise of culture conflicts and fix at ion on body image have also been widely documented as being driven by a psychological need to feel a degree of certainty，control and safety.However，I can't help but think of these alternatives（当然，园艺并不是人们唯一的选择。文化冲突的兴起和对身体形象的执着也被广泛证明是由一种心理需求驱动的，这种心理需求需要感受到一定程度的确定性、控制感和安全感。然而，我忍不住想到了这些选择）可知，上文提到人们需要感受到一定程度的确定性、控制感和安全感，结合文章主要论述的是园艺，可知园艺可以满足这一需求。故D选项"如果园艺是我们满足这一需求的出口，地球将是一个多么美好的地方啊！"符合语境，故选D。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们从事园艺工作的原因以及园艺的作用。
选句填空是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
33.【答案】British government plans to preserve the endangered wildlife via watch purification and extension of greens.Large-scale restoration of the ecological environment aims to level off the inequality of access to green spaces and to boost biodiversity with the support of a fund.【高分句型一】Despite the long-term plan's pro-environmental intention，some people doubt whether these goals are achievable. 【高分句型二】
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，英国政府计划通过观察绿色植物的净化和扩展来保护濒危野生动物。大规模恢复生态环境的目的是在基金的支持下，消除绿色空间的不平等，促进生物多样性。尽管长期规划的意图是环保，但一些人怀疑这些目标是否可以实现。
高分句型一：Large-scale restoration of the ecological environment aims to level off the inequality of access to green spaces and to boost biodiversity with the support of a fund.
翻译：大规模的生态环境恢复旨在消除获得绿色空间的不平等，并在基金的支持下促进生物多样性。
分析：运用了不定式to level off the inequality of access to green spaces and to boost biodiversity with the support of a fund作宾语。
高分句型二：Despite the long-term plan's pro-environmental intention，some people doubt whether these goals are achievable.
翻译：尽管这个长期计划有环保的意图，但一些人怀疑这些目标是否可以实现。
分析：运用了whether引导的宾语从句。
概要写作，简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意，也可称之为摘要。写概要时，读者要是把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句，更不是把细节性信息作为中心，而是要通过对文章中的单词、词组和句子进行合理转换，对文章的具体信息进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力，同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
34.【答案】Drones enable rescue workers to assess the damage in the disaster area safely.
【解析】无人机译为"drone"，位于句首首字母大写，表示无人机这一类应该为drones；救援人员译为"rescue workers"，灾区译为"disaster area"，评估受灾状况译为"assess the damage"，安全地翻译为"safely"；enable sb to do sth表示"使某人能做……"。本句为一般现在时。
故填：Drones enable rescue workers to assess the damage in the disaster area safely。
有了无人机，救援人员就可以安全地评估灾区的受灾状况。
本题考查汉译英，包括名词、动词、短语、副词和时态。需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
35.【答案】The moment he came back from a business trip，he rushed to the construction site without stopping to learn about the progress of the project.
【解析】表示"刚……就……"应用the moment引导时间状语从句；主语为he；表示"出差回来"翻译为come back from a business trip；主句主语为he；表示"马不停蹄地赶到施工现场"翻译为rush to the construction site without stopping；表示"了解工程进度"应用不定式短语to learn about the progress of the project，作目的状语。为一般过去时。
故填：The moment he came back from a business trip，he rushed to the construction site without stopping to learn about the progress of the project.
他刚出差回来，就马不停蹄地赶到施工现场了解工程进度。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词、短语和句式。
36.【答案】The hotel not only avoids using single-use/disposable plastics but also adopts an energy -efficient lighting system， pioneering the local ecotourism/becoming a pioneer in the local ecotourism.
【解析】根据句意，该句讲述的是现在的客观事实，所以全句使用一般现在时态；表示"这家酒店"the hotel作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写；表示"不但……而且……"应为not only…but also…连接两个并列谓语结构，表示"避免使用"应为第一个谓语，因句子主语是第三人称单数，且表示主动意义，所以使用avoids using，表示"一次性塑料产品"作宾语，应为single-use plastic或者是disposable plastics；表示"采用了"应为第二个谓语，与第一个谓语一样，使用动词三单形式，应为adopts，表示"节能照明系统"应为an energy -efficient lighting system作宾语，所以主句句子主干翻译为The hotel not only avoids using single-use/disposable plastics but also adopts an energy -efficient lighting system；分析句子结构，表示"开创了当地生态旅游的先河"作状语，表示"开创"应为pioneer，与句子主干为主动关系，所以应使用现在分词形式作状语，表示"当地旅游业"应为the local ecotourism，所以状语部分为pioneering the local ecotourism；此外，表示"开创了当地生态旅游的先河"也可以理解为"成为当地旅游业的先河"，其中表示"成为"应为become，且与逻辑主语为主动关系，所以使用becoming，表示"当地旅游业的先河"为a pioneer in the local ecotourism，所以状语部分也可以翻译为becoming a pioneer in the local ecotourism。
故填：The hotel not only avoids using single-use/disposable plastics but also adopts an energy -efficient lighting system， pioneering the local ecotourism/becoming a pioneer in the local ecotourism.
这家酒店不但避免使用一次性塑料产品，而且还采用节能照明系统，开创了当地生态旅游的先河。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
37.【答案】The oil painter from the Austrian Academy of Arts will hold an exhibition of his works in Shanghai soon，which will give visitors a visual feast.
【解析】"油画家"译为名词短语oil painter，表示特指，其前加定冠词，在句中作主语，"来自奥地利艺术学院"译为介词短语from the Austrian Academy of Arts，作定语修饰oil painter，"举办"使用动词hold，作主句谓语动词；"个人作品展"译为an exhibition of his works，"近期"使用副词soon，"将呈现给参观者一场视觉盛宴"译为一个非限制性定语，修饰先行词exhibition，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，"呈现给"使用动词give，"参观者"使用可数名词复数visitors，"一场视觉盛宴"译为a visual feast，结合句意可知句子用一般将来时。
故填：The oil painter from the Austrian Academy of Arts will hold an exhibition of his works in Shanghai soon，which will give visitors a visual feast.
这位来自奥地利艺术学院的油画家近期会在上海举办个人作品展，将呈现给参观者一场视觉盛宴。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词、短语和句式。
38.【答案】Dear Li Hua，
Knowing that you are in two minds about whether to go to the public library or the self-study room to write your report，I suggest that you go to the public library for the following reasons：【高分句型一】（作者的建议）
First of all，the public library is free of charge，while going to the self-study room will cost you 20 yuan every 5 hours.Second，although the self-study room is open 24 hours a day，it is enough to write your report from 9 a.m.to 5 p.m.【高分句型二】Third，it may take you more time to go to the public library than to the self-study room，but you can use the time on the bus to formulate your report.Last but not least，public libraries have a wealth of resources and these resources may be helpful to you in writing your report and they are free；however，you can only enjoy free refreshments in the self-study room.（建议的理由）
Hope that my suggestions will be of use to you.（期盼）
Yours， Tom
【解析】高分句型一：Knowing that you are in two minds about whether to go to the public library or the self-study room to write your report，I suggest that you go to the public library for the following reasons.
翻译：我知道你在犹豫是去公共图书馆还是自习室写报告，我建议你去公共图书馆，理由如下。
分析：本句运用了Knowing后跟that引导的宾语从句that you are in two minds about whether to go to the public library or the self-study room to write your report和suggest后跟that引导的宾语从句that you go to the public library for the following reasons，从句用虚拟语气。
高分句型二：Second，although the self-study room is open 24 hours a day，it is enough to write your report from 9 a.m.to 5 p.m.
翻译：第二，虽然自习室是24小时开放的，但从早上9点到下午5点写报告是足够的。
分析：本句运用了although引导的让步状语从句。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。
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