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2022-2023学年湖北省七市高三（下）调研英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
The Stories Behind 3 of the Photos from Our Pictures of the Year
Each year，National Geographic will publish a special issue to showcase some of the impressive images taken around the globe to celebrate the high-quality photography.This year，49 were selected as the best photos of the year out of millions of images，and the photo editors give a glimpse behind the scenes of 3 images included in 2022 Pictures of the Year annual special issue.
Qaanaaq，Greenland//Kiliii Yüyan
Photographer Kiliii Yuyan is no stranger to documenting the daily lives of native peoples and the issues they face around the world.He commits himself to capturing surprising and unique images for each story while his colleague Mallory has quit in their tracks.In his story，two cousins push strollers （婴儿车） across a snowy plain in Greenland on their way to annual dogsled races.The story itself challenges readers to think about how to treat their ecosystem without destroying it and gives more insight into the daily lives of Inughuit women.
Canary Islands，Spain//Carsten Peter
It's hard to capture the speed，texture，and sense of danger of lava flowing from a volcanic eruption，but that's what photographer Carsten Peter achieved with this image.He documented the 85-day eruption for National Geographic，then returned to focus on the damage and on the scientific fieldwork that had been done once the slow-moving lava had cooled.
Minneriya.Sri Lanka//Brent Stirton
Photographer Brent Stirton provided a window into these animals' lives，which she hopes will increase awareness and stir up sympathy through the photo.
The image was tough to capture not only because Stirton needed to get close to the wild animals for the frame but also because it was a challenging time to work in Sri Lanka.The government was collapsing in economic decline. "I think there's an opportunity to show people a side of animals they may have not seen before，" she says.
For more pictures and stories，please click the https：//www.nationalgeographic.com.
1. Whose image cares about people's life？ ______
A. Mallory's. B. Carsten Peter's.
C. Kiliii Yuyan's. D. Brent Stirton's.
2. What shared features do these three pictures have？ ______
A. They all take efforts and patience.
B. They are all about the environment.
C. They all provide a window into animals' lives.
D. They all make a difference to scientific fieldwork.
3. Where is this text probably taken from？ ______
A. A travel magazine. B. An academic article.
C. A biology textbook. D. A photography website.
B
Rescuers in Jersey said Sunday after an all-night search that there was no hope of survivors from an explosion that flattened a three-story apartment block.At least three people were confirmed killed in the accident early Saturday in the Channel island's port capital St Helier，following a suspected gas leak. "We have three confirmed deaths and it's fair to say we expect to find more，" police chief Robin Smith told a news conference，saying that around 12 residents remained unaccounted for. "It is with sadness that I am confirming that the search-and-rescue operation has been moved to a recovery operation，" he said.
The phase involved a "painstaking search of the debris" which could take weeks，Smith said，adding that a gas leak was the 'likely" cause.Aided by sniffer dogs and experts from southern England，Jersey emergency workers had searched the rubble （瓦砾）overnight.
Fire chief Paul Brown confirmed that firefighters were called out to investigate the smell of gas on Friday evening，more than seven hours before the explosion.But in vain.He admitted that something had gone "horribly wrong"，considering the subsequent disaster，but insisted that Jersey islanders could still have confidence in his service.Jersey's gas supplier，Island Energy，said it was working with the fire service to understand what happened.
Like many others in St Helier，Jersey's Chief Minister Kristina Moore said she was awoken by the explosion. "Across the island you could hear this extraordinary sound，" she told the BBC."It's unthinkable news，so we're all absolutely shocked and really worried about the people who are involved and about those whose lives have been lost."
The incident caps a tragic week for Jersey，a British Crown dependency not part of the United Kingdom，whose economy relies on banking，tourism and fishing. "We must call on the collective strength of the island community，" Moore said.
4. What's the possible cause of the accident？ ______
A. The gas leak. B. The gas supplier.
C. The recovery operation. D. The unexpected explosion.
5. What was the main task of the recovery operation？ ______
A. Rescuing the dead. B. Searching the rubble.
C. Searching for the debris. D. Working with fire service.
6. What may Paul Brown's words imply？ ______
A. He had predicted the explosion hours before it.
B. The fire service was investigating the explosion.
C. People lost confidence in the island's fire service.
D. The fire service was partly responsible for the accident.
7. How did Moore feel after the accident？ ______
A. Panicked and frightened. B. Relieved and hopeful.
C. Astonished and concerned. D. Fearful and sorrowful.
C
Millennials （千禧一代） who conduct "forward-looking financial strategies" tend to be happier and more satisfied with their lives.Following a budget，saving money and shopping less have benefits "beyond the bound of personal finance"，according to a new study out of the University of Arizona.
For the study，researchers collected data from 968 young adults born between the years 1981 and 1996，starting when they were freshmen in college （ages 18-21）.They followed up with the same students when they were seniors，and then two years later （ages 23-26）.The study participants answered questions about materialism，their own personal finance strategies such as budgeting and any pro-environmental habits they followed.Students were also surveyed about their mental health，including how satisfied they were with their lives and how they'd rank their personal well-being.
"People who save money report better overall wellbeing.including less psychological pain， "Sabrina Helm，study author tells CNBC Make It. "And people who buy less and consume less show less depressive symptoms，so there's a positive mental health effect."
Not surprisingly，the money-saving strategies improved people's financial satisfaction too. "It gives you peace of mind. "Dr.Helm says. "If you're able to put something aside for worse days，and manage to live within your means，it has clear positive effects on mental health."
Certain sustainability efforts also have a similar impact on people's health and happiness.For example，researchers found that the students who consumed less to help the environment were happier than those who simply bought more "green" products.Although many people have been socialized to see products as solutions，simply reducing the number of things you use or buy might be the better tactic for your mental health，Dr.Helm explains.
"It's normal to geta product to cope with all sorts of things，" Dr.Helm says， "but that contributes to climate change." Luckily，there are concrete tips to "step back from the consumerist approach"，she adds.For example，she suggests keeping a weekly purchase diary and creating a shopping list.
8. How was the study conducted？ ______
A. By making a comparison between finance strategies.
B. By keeping track of participants to collect their data.
C. By conducting a detailed survey about mental health.
D. By asking and answering questions about materialism.
9. Which one of the following statements will Sabrina Helm agree with？ ______
A. Consuming less cures people of depressive symptoms.
B. Mentally healthier people buy more and consume less.
C. Saving money prevents people from psychological disorder.
D. One's financial strategies relatively affect overall well-being.
10. What does the underlined word "tactic" in paragraph 5 mean？ ______
A. Influence. B. Attitude. C. Strategy. D. Consumption.
11. Which is the best title for the text？ ______
A. How Can You Keep Mentally Healthy
B. Saving Money Improves Financial Satisfaction
C. Millennials Who Buy Less and Save More Are Happier
D. Consumers' Shopping Habits Contribute to Climate Change
D
Scientists have made a "breakthrough" in handling nuclear fusion （聚变）.The US Department of Energy officially announced the milestone in fusion energy research.
For the first time，researchers created a nuclear fusion reaction that produced more energy than they put into the process.The experiment，conducted at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California，generated 3.15 megajoules of energy，more than the 2.05 megajoules put into creating it.
Nuclear fusion works by forcing together two atoms-most often hydrogen-to make a heavier one-like helium （氦）.This explosive process releases massive amounts of energy，the Department of Energy explains.Fusion is the opposite of fission （裂变），the reaction that powers nuclear reactors used commercially today.
Fusion occurs naturally in the heart of the Sun and the stars，providing these cosmic （宇宙的） objects with fuel.Since the 1950s，scientists have been trying to reproduce it on Earth in order to make use of the so-called clean，cheap，and almost limitless electricity.According to the International Atomic Energy Agency，fusion generates four times more energy per kilogram than the fission used to power nuclear plants，and nearly 4 million times more energy than burning oil or coal.What's more，unlike fossil fuels，fusion doesn't release carbon dioxide the greenhouse gas that's the main driver of climate change-into the atmosphere.And unlike nuclear fission，fusion doesn't create long-lived radioactive waste，according to the Department of Energy.But so far，nuclear fusion hasn't solved our energy problems on a grand scale.
The recent announcement is a huge step forward in nuclear fusion energy，but applying the technology at commercial scale is likely still years away.Chanda Prescod Weinstein，a theoretical physicist，pointed out that the process the Department of Energy uses requires tritium （氚），a rare and radioactive isotope （同位素）of hydrogen. "It may yet convey important information that is ultimately transformative.We don't know yet，" Prescod Weinstein tweeted.Investors，including Amazon founder Jeff Bezos，have poured billions into clean energy field trying to make fusion commercially workable，and the recent announcement is likely to continue that trend.
12. What is the breakthrough in nuclear fusion reaction？ ______
A. It releases massive amounts of energy.
B. It produces 3.15 megajoules of energy.
C. It works by forcing together two atoms.
D. It generates more energy than that put into it.
13. Why have scientists been conducting nuclear fusion experiments？
A. To avoid the commercial use of fission. ______
B. To recycle the byproduct of radioactive waste.
C. To reduce emission （排放） of greenhouse gas.
D. To aim for the high efficiency in producing energy.
14. What does paragraph 5 focus on？ ______
A. The attitude of investors.
B. The prospect of fusion energy.
C. The significance of the announcement.
D. The difficulty in producing fusion energy.
15. What is the author's attitude towards fusion energy？ ______
A. Critical. B. Negative. C. Optimistic. D. Doubtful.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
A Taste of Chinese Tea Culture
China's traditional tea-making practices have been added to UNESCO's list of intangible cultural heritage items.（1） ______ The origins of tea
Tea is believed to have originated in China.Ancient Chinese people first chewed on raw tea leaves for medicinal purposes，then added them to soups or greens，and brewed tea to drink.
The functions of tea
Ancient books recorded tea's positive health effects，such as curing indigestion and improving brain function. （2） ______ .For example，Myoan Eisai，a Japanese Buddhist priest，praised the value of tea as a medicine in his book.
（ 3） ______ Tea has gained widespread popularity since the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty.especially in literary circles，including with the famous Chinese poets Bai Juyi，Su Shi，and Lu You，who all wrote poems about tea.
Tea making crafts
Since ancient times，Chinese people have been planting，picking，making and drinking tea.Traditional tea processing techniques are mainly found in four major regions for tea production in China.Associated social practices，however，are spread throughout the country and shared by multiple ethnic groups.（4） ______ Tea's role in building cultural bridges
（ 5） ______ .going back to when it was important produce on the ancient Silk Road and the ancient Tea Horse Road.
A.Cultural value of tea
B.Famous tea lovers in history
C.Let's have a taste of Chinese tea culture
D.In 2020 China ranked first in the world for tea leaves production
E.Together with reprocessed teas，there are over 2.000 tea varieties in China
F.Chinese tea's medical purposes are also recognized in other parts of the world
G.Tea has long been a means of building peace and friendship between China and the world
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
On a long trip to Brisbane we stopped into a service station in Kilcoy for a bathroom break and some fuel.We went into the shop to the bathroom first and then the （1） ______ to pay.My son was a little eccentric （搞怪的） and life loving，so as he usually did.He was dancing as he walked，twirling （扭动） his hips and （2） ______ to his own moves.Since I was totally （3） ______ to his moves，it didn't （4） ______ my mind at all until the young gentleman working behind the counter （5） ______ his "brilliant dance routine".
He told my son that he loved his moves and it was a （6） ______ to see him come into his shop.My boy felt so （7） ______ with himself that he continued to dance around gently as I paid and （8） ______ the gentleman for his kind remarks.As we went to leave，the gentleman gave my boy a lollipop （棒棒糖） as a（9） ______ .I was absolutely blown away by his kindness.It might be （10） ______ ，but to us it wasn't.
Not many people （11） ______ the time out of their days to talk to children.However，the young gentleman was more than （12） ______ and happy to have a chat.My son felt important and （13） ______ loved his treat.I also personally really appreciated his kind （14） ______ .As a parent on a long drive with small kids，it is these small acts that will （15） ______ or break our day.
21. A. company B. counter C. apartment D. hall
22. A. tending B. pointing C. singing D. adapting
23. A. used B. addicted C. devoted D. opposed
24. A. clear B. change C. read D. cross
25. A. expanded on B. concentrated on
C. commented on D. insisted on
26. A. mistake B. delight C. pity D. comfort
27. A. frustrated B. pleased C. annoyed D. tired
28. A. thanked B. accepted C. invited D. assisted
29. A. prize B. treasure C. treat D. pleasure
30. A. tough B. significant C. typical D. small
31. A. take B. draw C. waste D. use
32. A. outgoing B. willing C. optimistic D. energetic
33. A. hopefully B. slightly C. curiously D. obviously
34. A. gesture B. attitude C. thought D. determination
35. A. help B. build C. make D. ruin
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. You already know the fact that regular exercise is important for controlling weight and （1） ______ （ avoid）a variety of health conditions.But it can also improve your academic （2） ______ （perform）.And.if you're a distance learning student，you may miss out on some of the opportunities for physical activity afforded to more traditional students who routinely walk around campus.But it's well worth the effort （3） ______ （ put） the schedule exercise into practice.
The study，which （4） ______ （publish） in the Journal of Medicine & Science，describes physical activity as （5） ______ vigorous movement that produces sweat and heavy breathing.Mike McKenzie found that students who studied over three hours per day were 3.5 times （6） ______ （likely） to be exercisers.Over a decade ago，McKenzie （7） ______ （ say） researchers discovered a link （8） ______ exercise and focus in children.
More recently，another study by Johnson reveals that even short "microbursts" of physical activity throughout the day can have positive effects.Jennifer tells that sitting for long periods of time，（9） ______ college students tend to do，can have a negative health effect.In addition，the study found that five-minute bouts of walking every hour had a positive impact on mood，tiredness，and hunger at the end of a day.This may be （10） ______ （particular）beneficial to students who also work a full-time job and study in the evening and nighttime hours.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你校的英文校报将发行以"劳动课"为专题的一期报纸，请你写一篇稿件投稿，内容包括：
（1）介绍你最喜欢的劳动课内容（如做清洁、种植和修理等）；
（2）劳动课的意义。
注意：
（1）写作词数80左右：
（2）可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯：
（3）开头已给出，不计入总词数，请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Labor class，part of our school courses，is required in primary and middle schools every week.
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ezri and Oliver were so keen to climb the mountain that they begged to join their dad Brandon for another hike.Just after 8 a.m.on a beautiful Sunday morning，they set off.Brandon's backpack held his phone，Clif bars （能量棒），packets of apple sauce，apples，water bottles and fishing gear.
Brandon had planned a varied route up the mountain.The winding upward slope was fun and uneventful.Near the top，thick snow blanketed the path.Excitedly，the kids raced across the hard surface.They shared the second-last Clif bar and rested for an hour.Brandon looked around.His phone showed 1：30 p.m.and no signals.
When the kids started down，Brandon said， "You guys really want to find those fishing lakes，don't you？"
"Oh，yes!" Ezri said.So they took an unfamiliar route down the other side of the mountain.
By the time Brandon realized the path had become an animal trail alongside a stream，it made sense to keep following it.The stream sang to them，and they kept following it down.Mid afternoon，when the sun disappeared behind heavy gray clouds，they suddenly felt lost，cold and hungry.For half an hour they cautiously moved downward until they reached a steep cliff （悬崖） edge.The stream became a noisy，six-metre waterfall.Mist enveloped them as the water raced over a huge rock.
Brandon cursed （咒骂） himself for taking an unknown route down.They held hands and inched down until Oliver slid on a loose rock and all three went flying.
Brandon wiped blood from his forehead and gathered his senses.Was anyone hurt？Oliver，crying and shivering，seemed okay.Ezri was weeping，but she too appeared uninjured.Brandon himself didn't feel anything worse than the wound on his forehead.The backpack was stuck in the rocks six meters away.He saw no use trying to find it back.The air was cold and getting colder.They were wet and tired.
注意：
（1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
To save the kids，Brandon realized he had to look for a way out alone.
______
A helicopter with the father and many volunteers set off immediately.
______
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Qaanaaq，Greenland//Kiliii Yüyan部分中Photographer Kiliii Yuyan is no stranger to documenting the daily lives of native peoples and the issues they face around the world. （摄影师Kiliii Yuyan对记录当地人的日常生活和他们在世界各地面临的问题并不陌生。）和最后一句话The story itself challenges readers to think about how to treat their ecosystem without destroying it and gives more insight into the daily lives of Inughuit women.（故事本身要求读者思考如何在不破坏生态系统的情况下对待生态系统，并让读者更深入地了解因纽特妇女的日常生活。）可以看出，摄影师Kiliii Yuyan的照片关注人们的生活。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据Qaanaaq，Greenland//Kiliii Yüyan部分中He commits himself to capturing surprising and unique images for each story while his colleague Mallory has quit in their tracks. （他致力于为每个故事捕捉令人惊讶和独特的图像，而他的同事马洛里已经因为恐惧而退出了。），Canary Islands，Spain//Carsten Peter部分中的 It's hard to capture the speed，texture，and sense of danger of lava flowing from a volcanic eruption（很难捕捉到从火山喷发类型中流出的岩浆的速度、质地和危险感，），以及Minneriya.Sri Lanka//Brent Stirton部分中的because it was a challenging time to work in Sri Lanka.The government was collapsing in economic decline. （因为当时在斯里兰卡工作很有挑战性，政府因经济衰退而垮台。）可以看出，每一幅照片的拍摄都是极具挑战性的。故选A。
（3）文章出处题。根据最后一段For more pictures and stories，please click the https：//www.nationalgeographic.com.（欲知更多图片和故事，请点击 https：//www.nationalgeographic.com。）可以看出，该文章出自国家地理杂志网站。A．A travel magazine.一本旅游杂志；B．An academic article.一篇学术文章；C．A biology textbook.一本生物教科书；D．A photography website.一个摄影网站。故选D。
这是一篇应用文。文章讲述了《国家地理杂志》评选出的年度照片背后的拍摄故事。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。
4~7.【答案】A、C、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段At least three people were confirmed killed in the accident early Saturday in the Channel island's port capital St Helier，following a suspected gas leak.（周六早些时候，在海峡岛港口首府圣赫利尔发生疑似天然气泄漏后，至少有三人被证实在事故中丧生）可知，燃气泄漏可能是导致爆炸事故的原因，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The phase involved a "painstaking search of the debris" which could take weeks，Smith said，adding that a gas leak was the 'likely" cause.（史密斯说，这一阶段需要"对废墟进行艰苦的搜索"，可能需要数周时间，并补充说，气体泄漏是"可能"的原因）可知，灾后重建工作，即下一阶段的工作主要是在废墟中找寻残骸，故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Fire chief Paul Brown confirmed that firefighters were called out to investigate the smell of gas on Friday evening，more than seven hours before the explosion.But in vain.He admitted that something had gone "horribly wrong"，considering the subsequent disaster，but insisted that Jersey islanders could still have confidence in his service.（消防局长保罗 布朗证实，周五晚上，即爆炸发生前七个多小时，消防员被召集去调查煤气味。但徒劳无功。他承认，考虑到随后的灾难，有些事情已经"严重出错"，但坚称泽西岛的居民仍然可以对他的服务充满信心）可知，鉴于后来的灾难的发生，他推测消防部门在爆炸前几个小时对燃气气味的追踪调查中肯定有工作上的失误，因此对这起事故也间接负有一定的责任，故选D。
（4）观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中Like many others in St Helier，Jersey's Chief Minister Kristina Moore said she was awoken by the explosion. "Across the island you could hear this extraordinary sound，" she told the BBC. "It's unthinkable news，so we're all absolutely shocked and really worried about the people who are involved and about those whose lives have been lost."（和圣赫利耶的其他许多人一样，泽西岛首席部长克里斯蒂娜 摩尔表示，她被爆炸惊醒了。她告诉BBC："在岛上，你可以听到这种不同寻常的声音。"。"这是一个不可思议的消息，所以我们都非常震惊，非常担心参与其中的人以及那些失去生命的人。"）可推知，Moore是被爆炸惊醒的，对这一事件是难以接受的，并很关心事故的受害者和遇难者。A．Panicked and frightened.又慌又怕的；B．Relieved and hopeful.如释重负，满怀希望的；C．Astonished and concerned.惊讶和担忧的；D．Fearful and sorrowful.恐惧和悲伤的故选C。
这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了泽西岛上一次爆炸事故后的搜救与调查工作，以及各部门负责人对事故的表态。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。
8~11.【答案】B、D、C、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段For the study，researchers collected data from 968 young adults born between the years 1981 and 1996，starting when they were freshmen in college （ages 18-21）.They followed up with the same students when they were seniors，and then two years later （ages 23-26）.The study participants answered questions about materialism，their own personal finance strategies such as budgeting and any pro-environmental habits they followed.Students were also surveyed about their mental health，including how satisfied they were with their lives and how they'd rank their personal well-being.（在这项研究中，研究人员收集了出生于1981年至1996年之间的968名年轻人的数据，从他们大一新生（18-21岁）开始。他们在这些学生大四的时候对他们进行了跟踪调查，两年后（23-26岁）。研究参与者回答了有关物质主义、他们自己的个人财务策略（如预算）以及他们所遵循的任何亲环境习惯的问题。学生们还被调查了他们的心理健康状况，包括他们对生活的满意度以及他们如何对自己的个人幸福进行排名。）可知，研究者从1981年至1996年这15年间一直在追踪同一批受试者，通过询问、调查等具体方式收集数据。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段"People who save money report better overall wellbeing.including less psychological pain， "Sabrina Helm，study author tells CNBC Make It. "And people who buy less and consume less show less depressive symptoms，so there's a positive mental health effect."（存钱的人总体上更幸福。包括减少心理痛苦，"研究作者塞布丽娜 赫尔姆告诉CNBC Make It。"买得少、消费得少的人抑郁症状更少，所以对心理健康有积极的影响。"）Sabrina Helm所说的话可知，存钱的人总体上更幸福，消费很少、节约钱的人在身心方面相对会更健康。由此推知Sabrina Helm会赞成"一个人的财务策略相对来说会影响整体的幸福"这一说法。故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段Although many people have been socialized to see products as solutions，simply reducing the number of things you use or buy might be the better tactic for your mental health，Dr.Helm explains.（赫尔姆博士解释说，尽管许多人已经被社会化，将产品视为解决方案，但简单地减少使用或购买物品的数量可能是对心理健康更好的tactic。）其中"solutions （解决方法）"和"reducing the number of things you use or buy （减少使用或购买物品的数量）"可知，"tactic"应为"方法，策略"之意，A．Influence.影响；B．Attitude.态度；C．Strategy.策略；D．Consumption.消耗。故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。由文章第一段Millennials （千禧一代）who conduct 'forward-looking financial strategies' tend to be happier and more satisfied with their lives.Following a budget，saving money and shopping less have benefits "beyond the bound of personal finance"，according to a new study out of the University of Arizona.（采用"前瞻性财务策略"的千禧一代往往更快乐，对生活更满意。根据亚利桑那大学的一项新研究，按照预算，省钱和少购物的好处"超出了个人财务范围"。）可得出，本文主要讲的是千禧一代遵循预算，多存钱少购物能提升他们的生活的幸福感和满意度。所以"Millennials Who Buy Less and Save More Are Happier（少买多存的千禧一代更快乐）"是文章最佳标题，故选C。
本文是说明文。文章介绍了一个新的研究结果表明，采用积极财务策略以调整自己的购买习惯的"千禧一代"不仅更能合理规划自己的财务支出，其带来的好处更是与个人身心健康等有关。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。
12~15.【答案】D、D、B、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段For the first time，researchers created a nuclear fusion reaction that produced more energy than they put into the process. （研究人员第一次创造了一种核聚变反应，其产生的能量比他们投入的能量还要多）可知，这一巨大突破是指首次产生了能量产出大于投入的核聚变反应，故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段的Since the 1950s，scientists have been trying to reproduce it on Earth in order to make use of the so-called clean，cheap，and almost limitless electricity.According to the International Atomic Energy Agency，fusion generates four times more energy per kilogram than the fission used to power nuclear plants，and nearly 4 million times more energy than burning oil or coal.（自20世纪50年代以来，科学家们一直试图在地球上重现这种现象，以便利用所谓的清洁、廉价和几乎无限的电力。根据国际原子能机构的数据，聚变每千克产生的能量是用于核电站的裂变的四倍，比燃烧石油或煤炭产生的能量多出近400万倍）可知，科学家们一直致力于在地球上实验核聚变，目的在于利用这种清洁、廉价、无限的能源，使其效能更高。A．To avoid the commercial use of fission.以避免裂变的商业用途；B．To recycle the byproduct of radioactive waste.回收放射性废物的副产品；C．To reduce emission （排放） of greenhouse gas.减少温室气体排放；D．To aim for the high efficiency in producing energy.以高效生产能源为目标。故选D。
（3）段落大意题。根据第五段的The recent announcement is a huge step forward in nuclear fusion energy，but applying the technology at commercial scale is likely still years away.（最近的宣布是核聚变能源领域向前迈出的一大步，但在商业规模上应用这项技术可能还需要几年的时间）和"It may yet convey important information that is ultimately transformative.We don't know yet， " Prescod Weinstein tweeted.Investors，including Amazon founder Jeff Bezos，have poured billions into clean energy field trying to make fusion commercially workable，and the recent announcement is likely to continue that trend.（"它还可能传达最终具有变革性的重要信息。我们还不知道，"Prescod Weinstein在推特上写道。包括亚马逊创始人杰夫 贝佐斯在内的投资者已经向清洁能源领域投入了数十亿美元，试图使聚变在商业上可行，而最近的宣布很可能会延续这一趋势）可知，本段主要聚焦对核聚变技术的前景的看法。A．The attitude of investors.投资者的态度；B．The prospect of fusion energy.聚变能源的前景；C．The significance of the announcement.公告的意义；D．The difficulty in producing fusion energy.产生聚变能的困难。故选B。
（4）观点态度题。根据第一段The US Department of Energy officially announced the milestone in fusion energy research.（美国能源部正式宣布了聚变能源研究的里程碑）和第五段的The recent announcement is a huge step forward in nuclear fusion energy （最近的宣布是核聚变能源领域向前迈出的一大步）以及Investors，including Amazon founder Jeff Bezos，have poured billions into clean energy field trying to make fusion commercially workable，and the recent announcement is likely to continue that trend.（包括亚马逊创始人杰夫 贝佐斯在内的投资者已经向清洁能源领域投入了数十亿美元，试图使聚变在商业上可行，而最近的宣布很可能会延续这一趋势）推知，作者对核聚变能量持乐观态度。A．Critical.批评的；B．Negative.否定的；C．Optimistic.乐观的；D．Doubtful.怀疑的。故选C。
这是一篇说明文，介绍科学家们在核聚变反应上取得的突破，同时也科普了核聚变的原理，强调了它在能源制造上的价值以及其对未来的意义。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。
16~20.【答案】C、F、B、E、G
【解析】（1）推理判断题。由下文The origins of tea（茶的起源）；The functions of tea（茶的功能）等小标题可知，下文主要是在介绍茶的文化，而C项（让我们领略一下中国茶文化吧）符合语境，有启下作用。故选C项。
（2）联系下文题。由下文For example，Myoan Eisai，a Japanese Buddhist priest，praised the value of tea as a medicine in his book.（例如，日本佛教牧师妙安卫在他的书中赞扬了茶作为一种药物的价值。）可知，这里主要讲在国外茶的药用功能。而F项（中国茶的医疗用途在世界其他地区也得到认可）符合语境，其中other parts of the world和后文 a Japanese Buddhist priest对应。故选F项。
（3）推理判断题。由下文Tea has gained widespread popularity since the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty.especially in literary circles，including with the famous Chinese poets Bai Juyi，Su Shi，and Lu You，who all wrote poems about tea.（自唐代和宋代以来，茶就得到了广泛的欢迎。尤其是在文学界，包括中国著名诗人白居易、苏轼和陆游，他们都写过关于茶的诗。）可知，本段讲述了历史上唐宋时期茶的普及和流行，特别提到了茶出现在白居易、苏轼和陆游等的文学作品中。而B项（历史上著名的茶爱好者）符合语境，其中tea lovers与后文Bai Juyi，Su Shi，and Lu You对应。故选B项。
（4）联系上文题。由上文Traditional tea processing techniques are mainly found in four major regions for tea production in China.Associated social practices，however，are spread throughout the country and shared by multiple ethnic groups.（传统的茶叶加工技术主要存在于中国四个主要的茶叶生产地区。然而，相关的社会习俗在全国各地传播，并为多个族裔群体所共享。）可知，这里主要讲茶工艺在不同民族中传播，而E项（与再加工茶一起，中国有2000多种茶。）符合语境。故选E项。
（5）推理判断题。由小标题Tea's role in building cultural bridges（茶在构建文化桥梁中的作用）以及后文可知，这段主要讲茶作为不同国家文化交流桥梁的作用，而G项（长期以来，茶一直是中国与世界建立和平与友谊的一种手段）符合语境。故选G项。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非物质文化遗产---茶文化。本文从茶的起源，茶的功效，制茶工艺，茶作为文化沟通交流的纽带等方面介绍了茶文化。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、C、A、D、C、B、B、A、C、D、A、B、D、A、C
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.company公司；B.counter柜台；C.apartment公寓；D.hall大厅。句意：我们先进商店去洗手间，然后到柜台付款。根据上文"On a long trip to Brisbane we stopped into a service station in Kilcoy for a bathroom break and some fuel."可知，作者一家去服务站上洗手间以及加油，支付费用应该去了柜台。故选B。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.tending倾向；B.pointing指向；C.singing唱歌；D.adapting适应。句意：他一边走一边跳舞，扭动着臀部，随着自己的动作唱歌。根据上文"He was dancing as he walked，twirling （扭动） his hips"可知，作者儿子当时应该是一遍迈着舞步，一遍随着舞步哼唱，singing to 意为"随着……歌唱"，符合语境。tending to 意为"照料；倾向于"，pointing to 意为"指向……"，adapting to 意为"适应"。故选C。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.used用过的、习惯于；B.addicted上瘾的；C.devoted忠诚的；D.opposed强烈反对的。句意：由于我已经完全习惯了他的动作，直到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士评论他的"精彩的舞蹈套路"时，我才意识到这一点。根据上文"so as he usually did.He was dancing as he walked"可知，作者已完全习惯了儿子手舞足蹈歌唱的模样，be used to意为"习惯了……"，符合语境。be addicted to 意为"对……上瘾的"，be devoted to意为"献身于……"，be opposed to 意为"反对……"。故选A。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.clear清理；B.change改变；C.read阅读；D.cross穿越。句意：由于我已经完全习惯了他的动作，直到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士评论他的"精彩的舞蹈套路"时，我才意识到这一点。根据上文"Since I was totally （3）_____to his moves"可知，作者压根没想过儿子的舞步有多么好，cross one's mind 意为"脑海中闪过……念头"，直到听到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士对儿子舞步的评论，作者才脑海中闪过儿子舞步好的念头。clear one's mind 意为"使头脑清醒"，change one's mind 意为"改变主意"，read one's mind 意为"理解某人的想法"。故选D。
（5）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.expanded on详谈；B.concentrated on专心于；C.commented on评价；D.insisted on坚持。句意：由于我已经完全习惯了他的动作，直到柜台后面工作的年轻绅士评论他的"精彩的舞蹈套路"时，我才意识到这一点。根据下文"brilliant dance routine"和"He told my son that he loved his moves"可知，一位小伙子对作者儿子的舞姿做出了评价，呼应下文"his kind remarks"。故选C。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.mistake错误；B.delight高兴；C.pity可怜；D.comfort安慰。句意：他告诉我的儿子，他喜欢他的动作，看到他走进他的商店是一件很高兴的事。根据上文"He told my son that he loved his moves"可知，小伙子对作者儿子的舞蹈动作非常喜欢，见到他很高兴。故选B。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.frustrated沮丧的；B.pleased满意的；C.annoyed恼怒的；D.tired疲倦的。句意：我的儿子对自己感到非常满意，于是在我付钱并感谢这位先生的好评论时，他继续轻轻地跳舞。根据上下文可知，作者儿子听了小伙子的赞美后，对自己非常满意，并继续跳着舞，be pleased with 意为"对……满意"，符合语境。故选B。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.thanked感谢；B.accepted接受；C.invited邀请；D.assisted帮助。句意：我的儿子对自己感到非常满意，于是在我付钱并感谢这位先生的好评论时，他继续轻轻地跳舞。根据上文可知，作者一边付钱一边感谢小伙子所说的话（对儿子舞步的赞美之词）。故选A。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.prize奖品；B.treasure宝藏；C.treat款待、请客；D.pleasure高兴。句意：当我们离开时，这位先生给了我儿子一根棒棒糖作为款待。根据上文"the gentleman gave my boy a lollipop （棒棒糖）"可知，小伙子请作者儿子吃了个棒棒糖。故选C。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.tough艰难的；B.significant重要的；C.typical典型的；D.small小的。句意：它可能很小，但对我们来说并不小。根据上文"the gentleman gave my boy a lollipop （棒棒糖）"可知，小伙子请作者儿子吃了个棒棒糖，小伙子的善良可能很微小，但在我们看来确是极有分量的。故选D。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.take拿；B.draw画；C.waste浪费；D.use使用。句意：没有多少人抽出时间和孩子们交谈。由上下文可知，作者认为很少人愿意花时间跟小孩子讲话。take the time意为"花费时间"，符合语境。故选A。
（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.outgoing外向的；B.willing愿意的；C.optimistic积极的；D.energetic精力充沛的。句意：然而，这位年轻的绅士非常愿意和高兴地聊一聊。根据上文"Not many people （11）_____the time out of their days to talk to children."讲没有多少人抽出时间和孩子们交谈和表转折的"However"可知，很少人愿意花时间跟小孩子讲话，而这位年轻小伙愿意和孩子聊天。故选B。
（13）考查副词及语境理解。A.hopefully有希望地；B.slightly轻微地；C.curiously好奇地；D.obviously明显地。句意：我儿子觉得自己被看重，显然很喜欢他的款待。根据上文"My son felt important"可知，孩子很显然对这位年轻小伙请客很受用，很喜欢。故选D。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.gesture姿态；B.attitude态度；C.thought想法；D.determination决心。句意：我个人也非常欣赏他的友好姿态。根据上文可知，作者对这位年轻小伙善意的举动很感激，kind gesture 意为"善意的举动"呼应上文的"his kindness"。故选A。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.help帮助；B.build建立；C.make使得；D.ruin破坏。句意：作为一个带着孩子长途旅行的家长，正是这些小小的举动既可以让一天过得愉快，也可以让这一天过得糟糕。根据全文及文章最后一句"As a parent on a long drive with small kids，it is these small acts that will （15）_____or break our day.
"可知，对一位带着孩子进行长途旅行的家长来说，小小的行为既可以让一天过得愉快，也可以让这一天过得糟糕。make one's day 意为"使……过得开心"，符合语境。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了作者一家在旅行途中的服务站结账时，作者儿子看似搞怪的舞步得到一位陌生小伙的赞许，因而作者心存感谢的故事。
做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。
36.【答案】【小题1】avoiding
【小题2】performance
【小题3】to put
【小题4】was published
【小题5】a
【小题6】more likely
【小题7】said
【小题8】between
【小题9】which
【小题10】particularly
【解析】（1）考查动词不定式。句意：你已经知道这一事实，经常锻炼对控制体重和避免各种健康状况很重要。分析句子可知，空处与controlling weight并列，应用动名词形式，作介词for的宾语。故填avoiding。
（2）考查不可数名词。句意：但它还可以提高你的学业成绩。空处用于形容词academic之后，应用名词形式performance，表示"表现"，为不可数名词，作动词improve的宾语。故填performance。
（3）考查动词不定式。句意：但将日常锻炼付诸实践是很值得的。it为形式主语，空处应用动词不定式形式作真正的主语。故填to put。
（4）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这项发表在《医学与科学杂志》上的研究将体育活动描述为一种产生汗液和沉重呼吸的剧烈运动。结合语意可知，"发表"这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，which引导定语从句，指代先行词the study，publish与主语which之间是被动关系，且the study是不可数名词，be动词应用was。故填was published。
（5）考查冠词。句意：这项发表在《医学与科学杂志》上的研究将体育活动描述为一种产生汗液和沉重呼吸的剧烈运动。结合语意可知，此处表示"一种剧烈运动"，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指，vigorous是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词a。故填a。
（6）考查形容词比较级。句意：迈克 麦肯齐发现，每天学习超过三小时的学生锻炼身体的可能性是平时的3.5倍。根据空前3.5 times以及语意可知，此处表示学习超过三小时的学生更有可能去锻炼身体，空处应用形容词的比较级形式more likely，表示"更有可能的"。故填more likely。
（7）考查动词时态。句意：十多年前，麦肯齐说，研究人员发现了儿童锻炼和注意力之间的联系。根据时间状语Over a decade ago可知描述过去的事情，句子使用一般过去时。故填said。
（8）考查介词。句意：十多年前，麦肯齐说，研究人员发现了儿童锻炼和注意力之间的联系。between...and...为固定搭配，表示"在……和……之间"，所以空处应用介词between。故填between。
（9）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：詹妮弗告诉，大学生倾向于做的事（正如大学生经常做的那样），长时间坐着，会对健康产生负面影响。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词sitting for long periods of time，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
（10）考查副词。句意：这可能对从事全职工作并在晚上和夜间学习的学生特别有益。分析句子可知，空处修饰形容词beneficial，应用副词形式作状语，particularly是副词，表示"尤其，特别"，符合题意。故填particularly。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了经常锻炼不但有利于身体健康，而且能促进学生的学业成绩。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Labor class，part of our school courses，is required in primary and middle schools every week.Labor education is attached importance to since it strengthens students' awareness of labor and develops their practical skills.【高分句型一】
Of all the labor courses，I like planting most，because it offers me opportunities to endure hardships and get close to nature.And the planting process can bring me a sense of satisfaction and achievement，so I really consider it the best way to relax myself.【高分句型二】（介绍自己最喜欢的劳动课）
Thanks to labor class，I've found my personal interest and become a well-rounded student!Here I sincerely invite all of you to enjoy the fun of farming，or some other labor courses you like.（陈述劳动课的意义）
【解析】高分句型一：Labor education is attached importance to since it strengthens students' awareness of labor and develops their practical skills.
翻译：劳动教育之所以受到重视，是因为它增强了学生的劳动意识，发展了他们的实践技能。
分析：本句运用了since引导原因状语从句。
高分句型二：And the planting process can bring me a sense of satisfaction and achievement，so I really consider it the best way to relax myself.
翻译：种植过程可以给我带来满足感和成就感，所以我真的认为这是放松自己的最佳方式。
分析：本句运用了so连接并列句，不定式to relax myself作后置定语。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】To save the kids，Brandon realized he had to look for a way out alone.After he made the decision，he wrapped his coat around them and kissed each of them on the forehead.【高分句型一】 "Stay here，no matter what.I'll go for help，" he repeated several times in a trembling voice.In the following hours，Brandon walked through the bush and even suffered another bad fall on the way.Exhausted and bloodied，he emerged from the forest and bumped into a family of hikers，who called 911.【高分句型二】（描写布兰登独自离开去寻找出路，最终遇到了一个徒步旅行者家庭，他们拨打了911）
A helicopter with the father and many volunteers set off immediately.On the return trip，Brandon anxiously described the general location of the children to the rescuers.Finally，after a long search，they successfully located the poor children.Upon the helicopter's arrival，Brandon jumped off and ran to embrace his children，moved to see so many strangers in bright red jackets.Every time he thinks of bright red jackets，he would feel he was not alone there's always someone out there who is willing to help.（描写布兰登和志愿者成功找到孩子们，布兰登非常感动）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了布兰登带孩子们一起远足，到达山顶后，孩子们感觉情绪低落，所以他们走了一条不熟悉的路下山。布兰登意识到这是一条未知的路，三人到达陡峭的悬崖边，手拉手慢慢走时，奥利弗踩到一块松动的岩石，三人摔倒了。布兰登恢复知觉后，发现自己额头受伤，背包卡在岩石中，天气越来越冷，情况很糟糕。
高分句型一：After he made the decision，he wrapped his coat around them and kissed each of them on the forehead.
翻译：他做了决定后，用外套裹住他们，在他们每个人的额头上吻了一下。
分析：本句运用了after引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：Exhausted and bloodied，he emerged from the forest and bumped into a family of hikers，who called 911.
翻译：他浑身是血，精疲力竭地从森林里出来，碰到了一个徒步旅行者家庭，他们拨打了911。
分析：本句运用了who引导非限制性定语从句。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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