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2023 年新高一知识点集锦（英语）
新教材外研版高中第一册知识点汇总
外研版（19）高一必修一第一单元短语和句型总结
（一）教材单词表中有的词组
1.senior high 高中
2.butterflies in one’s stomach 情绪紧张；心里发慌
3.in panic 恐慌地
4.one by one 一次地；一个接一个地
5.in particular 尤其;特别
6.refer to 提到；谈到；指的是；参考
7.look forward to （兴奋地）期待；盼望
8.go all out to do sth.全力以赴做某事
(二)按照教材单词表顺序扩展的短语
9.make/leave an impression on sb.给某人留下印象
10.be impressed with /by …被……打动
11.the moment 一......就……
12.at the moment 此刻
13.in one’s eagerness to do sth.渴望做某事
14.be curious about ….对…..好奇
15.beyond description 难以形容/描述
16.put sb.under pressure 使某人承受压力
17.keep calm
18.argue with sb.about/over sth.和某人争辩某事
19.be scheduled to do sth.计划做某事
20.apply….to …把……应用到…中
21.apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请…..
21/view …as…把……看作
22.graduate from …从…..毕业
23.at the sight of …一看到……就……
24.figure out 理解；算出
25.academic performance 文化课成绩
26.exchange A for B 用 A 交换 B
（三）按照教材页数顺序出现的词组
27.over and over again 反复地
28.turn around 转过身
29.turn on 打开
30.make the most of …充分利用
31.make the best of …/make full/good use of 充分利用
32.turn out 证明是；原来是；结果是;蜂拥而
33.take part in after-school activities 参加课外活动
34.care about 关心
35.take up 占据；从事；拿起（武器等）
36.for sure =for centain 肯定地
37.deal with 处理；打交道；涉及（论述）
38.look back on 回顾
39.good luck with college 大学好运
40.around the corner 即将来临
41.take notes 记笔记
42.take down 记下
43.bump into 撞上
教材中出现的句型
1. be doing …when…正要/正在做……这时（突然）……
I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.
2.”with +宾语+宾语补足语”结构
With butterflies in my stomach ,I breathed deeply.
3.must have done 表示对过去发生了的事情的肯定推测，意思是“一定做过了……”
4.You must have had some moments when you were disapppinted.
5.so +adj./adv.+that …如此……以至于……
…but the teacher spoke so fast that I couldn’t take everything down.
外研版（19）高一必修一第二单元词组和句型总结
1. burn up 烧毁；烧尽
一般不是指建筑物烧毁
例如：The fire burned up more than $500,00 worth of antiques.这场火烧掉了价值 50 多万美元的古董。
All his book were burned up in the fire.
她所有的书都在这场火灾中被焚。
2.burn down (通常指建筑物被完全)烧毁;
例如：The school building was burned down in that fire.
3.wind up 给（机械）上发条；使（活动、会议等）结束
例如：wind up my watch
wind up this passage
4.come across 偶然发现
5.be likely to do sth.可能做某事
拓展：be more likely to do sth.更可能做….
be less likely to do …更少可能做……
6.oppose to 反对
7.remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事
8.have a frog in one’s throat (尤因喉咙痛）说话困难
9.be based on… 以…..为基础
10.be aware of 意识到；察觉到
11.have trouble (difficulty)doing sth.做某事困难
12.speak of 谈及
13.look out of 向外看
14.look out for ..当心……
15.fill in/out 填写
fill in 强调的是填写空白的内容而 fill out 强调的是完整的填写
例如：You need to fill in each blank till you fill out the form.
16.go off (闹钟等)响
17.be referred to as… 被称为…..
18.be short for 缩写
19.at sea 茫然；不知所措
ment on 对….发表看法
21.fixed meanings 固定的意思
22.come up with 想出/提出（主意/想法等）
23.be made up of 由….组成
24.pick up 捡起；（用车接）某人；学会；染上（坏毛病）；恢复（健康）；收听（节目）
25.neither …nor…既不……也不……
26.not only …but also …不但……而且…..
27.not…but…不是……而是……
28.stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事
29.broaden one’s knowledge 拓宽知识
30.play safe with 谨慎对待
句型：
1.表语从句：This/That is why …这/那就是…..的原因
That is why when the starts are out ,they are visible ,but when the lights are out ,they are invisible.
对应填空题：
1） He is weak in English. That is because he doesn’t work hard.
2)She is always late for work. That is why she will be fired soon.
3)The reason is that she hasn’t finished the work in time.
外研版（19）高一必修一第三单元词组和句型总结
1.have a chat with sb.（about sth.）和某人闲聊某事
2.approach to（to 为介词） … ……的方法
3.focus on 把精力集中于……
4.show /have respect for sb.对某人显示尊重
5.have a talent/gift for …有…..才能
6.be talented in …在……方面有天赋
7.be responsible for …对…..负责/是….的原因
8.jump in with both feet 踊跃参加；全心全意投入
9.in the lead 领先
10.apologize to sb.for sth./for doing sth.因为(做)某事向某人道歉
11.make an apology to sb. for sth.因为某事向某人道歉
12.a series of 一系列
13.despite arguments over ..尽管对…的争辩
14.throughout the country 全国各地
15.end up doing 结果是；以….告终
16.end up with 以….结束
17.end up in trouble 以困难结束（in 后边多加不好的结果的词）
18.aim to do sth.旨在做某事；打算做某事
19.take off (work)休息一段时间
20.turn to 求助于；转向
21.in one’s thirties 在某人三十多岁时
22.can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待想做某事
23.kind of lazy 有点懒
24.make up for 弥补
25.be highly praised for 因…..受到高度赞扬
26.settle for 勉强接受；将就
27.as much as we can 尽可能地
28. in second place 其次；第二
29.a wide range of 大范围的；广泛的
30.be proud of 以…..自豪（同义词组 take pride in ）
31.to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是
32.in surprise 惊讶地
33.be related to 与…..有关
34.now and then 时而；不时
35.be positive about …对…..积极
36.in detail 详细地
句型：
1. wish (that)+虚拟语气从句
I wish she had come .
I wish I were you .
2. 分词作状语
1）Watched by millions , the ending to the race has divided opinions.
2) Looking at it ,the lovely memory of that day came back to me at once .
3.固定句式：be about to ..when…正要…..这时….I was about to throw everything away when my mother came in.
3. 虚拟语气：wouldn’t have done +if +..had done (对过去的事的假设)
Mum wouldn’t have been happy if I’d left Jonny behind.
外研版（19）高一必修一第四单元词组和句型总结
1.be familiar with …对…..熟悉
2.be familiar to sb.为某人所熟悉
3.lose track of 不了解…..的情况，不了解…..的动态
4.Keep track of 与…..保持联系；记录
例句：He lost track of his good friend after graduation
5.deliver sb. a lecture 给…..作报告
6.thanks to 归功于…..，多亏……
7.in advance 提前
8. change significantly 变化显著
9.social media 社交媒体
10.tend to 照顾；
11.tend to do sth.倾向于做…..
12.enable sb.to do sth.使某人有能力做某事
13.throw the baby out with the bathwater 不分良莠一起抛弃
14.pour in 蜂拥而至
15.pour down （雨）倾盆而下
16.be anxious about …为…..担心/担忧
17.with anxiety 忧虑地
18.postpone（=put off ） doing sth. 推迟做某事
19．Make one’s fortune 发财
20..ought to 应该；应当
21.correspind with …与…通信联系
22.turn up 1)(意外或终于)出现 2）调低（音量）
23.be ashamed of 对 …..难为情
24.work out 理解；锻炼；训练；进展顺利；算出；拟出（计划、安排）.
25.face to face 面对面
26.stay in touch with …和…..保持联系
27.are up to 从事
28.keep in mind 记住
29.make friends online 网上交朋友
30.make it clear to sb. that 对某人清楚表明
31.be set in 以…为背景
32.on earth 地球上
33.figure out 计算出；理解
34.hear from sb.收到某人来信
35.strike the match 划火柴
36.a plain clothes 便服
37.step out of 迈步走出
38.felt lost 感到茫然
39.in my opinion（=in my view ） 我认为
40.in the distance 在远处
句型：
1. (教材 p 39 ) As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends ,even if he had all other goods.
As sb. said 正如某人所说
As 引导的非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句，并作从句的宾语。as 翻译意为：“正如，正像”
常用的短语：as everybody can see 正如人人都能看见的那样
as is known to all 众所周知
as we expected 正如我们预料的那样
as is often the case 情况总是如此
as is reported 正如报道的那样
2．(教材 p 44).you couldn’t have dragged Jimmy out of New York;…
Couldn’t have done 不可能做过
表示对过去情况的否定推测
注意：must have done 一定做过某事
外研版（19）高一必修一第一五单元词组和句型总结
1.seek for （=search for）寻求
2.take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事
3.be determined to do sth.决心做某事
4. solution to ……的解决办法
5.have an effect on 对……有影响
6.kill two birds with one stone 一举两得；一箭双雕
7.hold your horses 慢点；别急
8.rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨
9.brave the elements 不顾恶劣天气；冒着风雨
10.concentrate on 全神贯注于
11.stare at 盯着；凝视着
12.after all 毕竟；终究
13.react to 对…..作出反应
14.react with 和….发生反应
15.a variety of （=varieties of ）各种各样的
16.when the cat’s away(the mice will play)猫儿不在，老鼠作怪（管事的不在，下边的人玩儿的痛快）
17.be amazed at/by 对….感到惊讶
18.crash into /onto 撞上；坠毁
19.cut down 缩减；缩小（尺寸；数目）；砍到（树）
20.raise the awareness of ..提高……的意识
21.recover from 从…..恢复过来
22.be shocked to do sth.做某事很吃惊
23.from one place to another 从一地到另一地
24.manage to do 达成；设法完成
25.find one’s way to 找到去….的路
26.in the past/last few yeas 近几年来（常与现在完成时态连用）
Eg. Its population has crashed by as much as 90% in the last few years.
27.feed on 以…..为食
28.at a speed of 以……速度
29.from time to time 不时；偶尔
30.interact with 和….互动
31.a long time to come 未来的相当长时间
32.in the still lake 在平静的湖里
33.except for 除了
Your composition is good except a few spelling mistakes.(除了….总体是好的)
34.a symbol of ……的象征
35.be based on 根据
句型
1. 定语从句：a time when…一个……的时期
The solution to the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.
2. 同位语从句：…a feeling that …一种…..的感受
While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene,I suddenly had a feeling that I was being
watched.
3. 强调句型
It is /was +被强调部分+that/who +句子剩余部分
It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.
4. the +比较级，the +比较级 越……,就越…..
The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive.(同时也要注意前后句的
时态)
练习:
I met Wang Hong in the street yesterday.
→________________________________
(强调主语)
→________________________________
(强调宾语)
→________________________________(强调时间)
外研版（19）高一必修一第六单元词组和句型总结
1.prevent （stop）sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
2.in harmony with ..和….和谐
3.be limited to 受限制于
limit sth.to sth.把……限定在…..的范围内
4.benefit from 从……受益
5.do harm to 对…..有害（=be harmful to ）
6.at one with 与……一致
7.a sheet of 一张；一层
8.be of (great /no/little)significance to …对……（很/不）重要
9.be designed to do …目的是做……;为做…..而设计
10.by design(=on purpose) 故意地
11.from generation to generation 一代代
12.admire sb. for sth.因某事而钦佩某人
13.as far as the eye can see/reach 就目力所及
14.be expert at /in /on 在某方面是专家
15.be home to 是…..的家园；为…..的所在地
16.connect …with …与…..连接；与……相联系
17.once again 再次
18.pass down 把……往下传
19.be in doubt about 对……有疑问
20.give/lend sb. a helping hand 帮助某人
21.nothing better than 没有什么比……更好
22.reflect on 反省；回忆
e onto the market 上市
24.have a positive effect on 对…..有积极的影响
25.green finger 高超的种植能手
26.go to the trouble to do sth.不辞辛苦做某事
27.have trouble (in)doing sth.做某事有困难
28.hold much value 具有重要价值
29.enter into competition 报名参加比赛
30.become endangered 濒临灭绝
31.present …to …把…呈现给某人
32.feed on 以……为食
句型
1.“sth.+see/find/witness…+宾语”见证/目睹
Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice.
2.强调句型
During the rainy season , it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the
terraces.
3.部分与整体型的定语从句
These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of which feed on insects that can harm
the rice crops.
新教材外研版高中第二册知识点汇总
Unit1 第二册
1. 现在分词作状语
1）Growing up in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food from both
countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and fork and chopsticks!...
我在英国长大，父亲是英国人， 母亲是中国人。自从我能拿刀叉和筷子以来，我就喜欢上了两国的食物。
现在分词短语作原因状语，一般位于句首，相当于一个原因状语从句。
2）Finding the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level. 原因状语
3）Hearing that she had just been admitted to Beijing University, she jumped with joy.
时间状语
4）The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows,making air conditioning unnecessary. 结果状
语
5）The visitors stood on top of Mount Tai, enjoying the rising sun. 伴随状语
6）Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 让步状语
2. People say that one man’s meat is another man’s poison, but I feel at home with food from both my
cultures. 人们说，甲之熊掌，乙之砒霜，但我对来自两种文化的食物都感到自在。
People say that
= It’s said that...
=sb./sth. is said to do sth.
It’s reported that... 据报道
It’s announced that... 据宣布
It’s considered that... 人们认为
It’s agreed that... 人们一致认为
It’s believed that... 人们相信
It’s hoped that... 人们希望
It’s suggested that... 有人建议
3. To me, there’s nothing better than a cross-cultural afternoon tea of English biscuits and a cup of
Chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup!
There is nothing better than...意为 “没有什么比...更好的了”
否定词(常用 not, no, never, nothing, nobody, hardly)+ adj/adv 的比较级 (+than)
4. 不定式作表语，省略 to 的情况
All you have to do is select the photos of healthy food.
当主语部分有实义动词 do，作表语的不定式可以省略 to.
5. 情态动词表示说话人的某种语气、情绪，如可能、意愿、猜测、义务、需要等。
用法： 情态动词+动词原形
原形 过去式
May might
Can could
Shall should
Will would
Have to had to
Dare dared
Dare 既可以作情态动词，又可作实义动词。
Dare 作情态动词时，没有人称和数量的变化， 但有过去式。
情态动词 dare 句型 I dare say....我想/敢说
How dare you....你怎么敢？
Had better do sth.
Had better not do sth.
Need 开头的疑问句， 否定回答 needn't “Need he stay here ” “No, he needn’t.”
Need 开头的疑问句， 肯定回答 must “Need he stay here ” “Yes, he must.”
Must 开头的疑问句，肯定回答 must. “Must he stay here ” “Yes, he must.”
Must 开头的疑问句，否定回答 needn’t 或 don’t have to.
“Need he stay here ” “No, he needn’t.”
6. So, don’t forget to pick up some chicken on your way home and try this recipe out.
Pick up a few bargains 买到几件便宜或货
Pick up a coin 捡起一枚硬币
Pick sb. up 开车接某人
Pick up some French 学会一些法语
Pick up bad habits 染上坏习惯
Pick up a signal 接收信号
Pick out 精心挑选，辨认出
Pick up 是动词+副词短语，接宾语时，要放在 pick 和 up 之间。
7. No family meal is complete without some form of meat...
没有肉的家庭餐是不完整的
双重否定结构，表达强烈的语气，意为“没有......就不......”
No/not/never/+without
No/not+ 表否定意义的形容词
No/not/never/nobody/few 等+ 表否定意义的动词(短语)
Eg.
No smoke without fire. 无风不起浪。
Nothing is impossible. 没有什么是不可能的。
Nobody disagrees. 没人不同意。
8. There are five of us living in our shared student house.
There be+ 主语 +doing ( 表示主动和进行)
There be+ 主语 +done ( 表示被动或完成)
There be+ 主语 +to do (表示动作尚未发生)
Unit2
9. May Day is a festival to celebrate the start of summer, with celebrations held across Europe and in
parts of North America.
With+宾语+宾补~~常做状语，表示时间、原因、方式、条件、伴随等。
With+宾语+现在分词( 表示主动或正在进行)
With+宾语+过去分词( 表示被动或已经完成)
With+宾语+动词不定式( 表示尚未发生)
With+宾语+adj./adv./介词短语
With 复合结构还可以做定语 Do you know the lady with a baby in her arms
你认识那个抱着婴儿的女士吗？
10. That’s why letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas
as a special time of year.
That/This/It is why +结果 （why 引导表语从句）
That/This/It is because+原因 （because 引导表语从句）
The reason (why)... is that... (why 引导定语从句)(that 引导表语从句)
11. 情态动词+have done 结构
Could have done 本能够做而未做
May/might have done 可能做过
Should have done 本该做而未做
Shouldn’t have done 本不该做而未做
Needn’t have done 本不必做而做了
12. The letters did, however, change as Tolkien’s children got older
然而，随着托尔金的孩子们年龄的增长，这些信确实发生了变化
Do/does/did+ 动词原形， 用来表示强调， 对一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定谓语的强调，没有否定
和疑问式。
13. 情态动词 2
Can 与 could
1) 表示能力， 常译为“能，会”。Could 是 can 的过去式， 表示过去的能力。
2) 表请求或许可，常译为“可以”。 could 比 can 的语气更加委婉。
3) 表示可能性。
4) 表示惊讶，不相信等。常用于否定句中。
Can’t/couldn’t have done 表示对过去情况的否定推测，意为“不可能做了某事”
Could have done 既可以表示对过去的推测，还可表示“过去本可以做（却没做）”
Must
1) 表示“必须”， 否定形式 mustn’t 表示“不准，禁止”。
Must 的一般疑问句：
肯定回答 must
否定回答 needn’t / don’t have to
2) 表示肯定推测， 意为“一定，肯定”。 表推测时，否定推测是 can't
3) 表示偏要，偏偏。
4) Must have done 表示对过去情况的肯定推测，意为“一定做了某事”
May 与 might
1) 表示请求和许可，常意为“可以”。Might 表请求时语气更委婉
一般疑问句：
肯定回答用 may/can
否定回答用 mustn’t/can’t.
2) 表示可能性时， 意为“也许，可能，大概”，might 比 may的可能性要小
3) May 表祝愿。 May your dreams come true!
4) May/might have done, “可能做过某事”
5) Can’t/couldn’t 表不可能
May not/ might not 表可能不。
14. Not only... but (also)...
It was not only for the delicious food that we seldom got to eat, but for the opportunity to have our
whole family gathered together.
Not only...but also... 是并列连词，连接两个对等的成分， 谓语动词遵循就近原则。
当连接两个分句时，not only 位于句首， not only 部分要用部分倒装。
15. ...but not everyone is keen on this idea. 但并不是每个人都喜欢这个想法。
总括性代词/副词与 not 连用时，表示部分否定。
总括性词有 all, both, every, everything, everybody, everyone, always, altogether等等。
全部否定：none, neither, nothing, nobody, no one, never 等 与肯定形式的谓语动词连用。
Unit3
16. Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon, we could even say that it is also the
most popular sport out of this world. 考虑到。。。
Given that 表示一个真实条件，其从句谓语动词用陈述语气。
引导条件状语从句的常用词有
If,
unless,
Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion unless he wants their support.
as/so long as,
You won’t find paper cutting difficult as long as ou keep practising it.
in case,
On condition that,
I can tell you the truth, on condition that you promise to keep it a secret.
supposing (that),
Providing (that),
You can borrow the car, provided/providing I can have it back by six o’clock.
provided (that)
Given that
Given that he’s had six months to do this, he hasn’t made much progress.
17. That 引导的主语从句
That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
That 引导主语从句时，在从句中不充当句子成分，也无实际意义，
只起连接作用，不可省略。
如果从句太长，为避免头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
18. Whether...or
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you.
Whether... or...可引导让步状语从句， “不管。。。还是。。。”
Whether...or... 还可引导表语从句，宾语从句，主语从句和同位语从句， “是...还是...”
19. 不定式作定语
The first, the second, the last, the best, the only thing 常 + 不定式作定语
常接不定式作定语的名词有 ability, ambition, chance, attempt, decision, need, plan,
promise, reason, time, way, 等。
20. 不定式作结果状语
不定式作结果状语常与 only 连用， 表示出乎意料的结果。
Enough to do, too...to do, so...as to do, such...as to do 结构中， to do 表示结果。
21. But before I knew it, I was taking part in local races.
Before sb. can do sth. 某人还没来得及做。。。
It was+时间段+before 过了多长时间才
It will be+时间段+before 要过多长时间才...
Unit4
22. So...that...
Some of the female voices were so high that I was sure they could break glass!
So that 以便， 为了（目的状语从句，从句中往往有 will/would/can/could/may/might 等情态 V，表明动
作尚未发生。）
So that 因此，所以 (结果状语从句)
23. 现在分词作状语时的形式
Doing,
Having done,
Being done,
Having been done
1) 现在分词作时间状语 (相当于时间状语从句)
When reading the newspaper, I heard the doorbell ring.
2) 现在分词作原因状语 (相当于原因状语从句)
Being ill, he couldn’t book the flight.
Not knowing which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.
3) 现在分词作条件状语 (相当于条件状语从句)
Turning to the right, you will find a path.
= If you turn to the right, you will find a path.
4) 现在分词作让步状语 (相当于让步状语从句)
有时现在分词前可带有连词 although, even if, even though.
Having tried many times, he still couldn’t overcome the difficulties.
5) 现在分词作结果状语
现在分词作结果状语表示必然的结果，通常放在句末。现在分词前可加 thus, 相当于 so, so that 引
导的结果状语从句。
不定式作结果状语从句时，常与 only, never 连用， 表示出乎意料。
He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast untouched.
The actor intended to leave quickly, only to be surrounded by his fans.
6) 现在分词作方式或伴随状语
说明位语动词所表示的动作发生的方式、背景或情况。
分词的动作和谓语动词的动作同事发生。
方式状语可转成并列成分。
Morris lay on the grass feeling depressed about this whole situation.
7) 现在分词作评论性状语
Generally speaking, 一般说来
Roughly speaking, 大致说来
Frankly speaking, 坦率的说
Judging from 由...判断
Considering 考虑到
Supposing 如果
Providing 如果
Assuming. 假设
8） 现在分词构成的独立主格结构
The meeting being over, we all went to the canteen.
There being no taxi, we walked to the corporation.
Time permitting, we’ll wander around the mall.
24. If so... 如果是这样
If so, you have to suffer from great pressure.
If so,
If not
If possible,
If necessary,
If any,
If ever,
What if...
Why not
What for
When/where necessary
25. Perhaps, one day, readers of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s most admired work will
find themselves glued to their screens by episodes of The Great Gatsby.
We went home, finding our pet dog fixing its eyes on an insect.
Looking through the window, she found the boss buried in his routine work.
When he woke up, he found himself in hospital.
When we got home, we found all the light on.
Unit5
26. Maybe, but only if it doesn’t look dangerous.
也许吧，但前提是看起来不危险。
Only if 意为“只有”， 引导条件状语从句，only 起强调作用。 only if 位于句首时， 主句用部分倒装语序。
If only, 但愿， 要是...就好了
If only 用虚拟语气，谓语动词用过去式表示现在或将来难以实现的愿望，用 had+过去分词。
If only I were rich. 但愿我很富有。
If only I had gone by taxi. 我要是乘出租车去就好了。
27. I was determined to make my dreams come true.
Make+宾语+不带 to 的不定式 our parents always make me feel good about myself.
He is made by his mother to do homework every day.
Make 变被动语态时，不定式要带 to
Make+宾语+名词/形容词
Make+宾语+过去分词 make himself heard
Make it+ adj./n. +带 to 的不定式， it 是形式宾语， 带 to 的不定式是逻辑宾语。
He has made it a rule to go jogging every morning.
28. I use my photography to make an impact on people, especially when it comes to environment issues.
我用我的摄影对人们产生影响，尤其是在环境问题上。
When it comes to +n./pron./v.-ing 一谈到..., 就...而论。
When it comes to maths, he is a little weak.
Come up to
Come on
Come about
Come across
Come to
Come over
Come out
Come up with
29. There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问
That 引导同位语从句，解释说明 doubt 的具体内容。
同位语从句一般由 that, wh- 类连词引导，常放在 doubt, fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem,
information, thought 等抽象名词后，解释说明该名词的具体内容。 that 只起连接作用，无实际意义，不
充当句子成分。
30. 动词 -ing 作定语, 表示被修饰词的属性，作用或用途。
a swimming pool= a pool for swimming
a reading room= a room for reading
a washing machine= a machine for washing
1) Having done 一般只用来作状语，不作定语
2) Done 表示动作已经完成
Being done 表示被动动作正在发生
To be done 表示被动动作将要发生
31. The moment..
The minute
The second
以上名词词组可做连词，相当于 As soon as..，， 意为“一...就...”
32. I can’t wait to share the stories with you.
Can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事
Can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事
33. I’d fallen asleep, when I heard Dad’s phone ringing.
Had just done sth. when...
Be doing sth. when...
Be about to do sth. when...
Be on the point of doing sth. when...
I had just arrived at the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
34. Write a short introduction about why the place is worth visiting.
Be worth 后接动名词的主动形式表示被动的含义。
Be well worth seeing 值得一看
Be worth a fortune 值一大笔钱
Be worthy of n.
Be worthy of being done
Be worthy of be done
It is worthwhile to do sth.
It is worthwhile doing sth.
It wasn’t worthwhile continuing the project.
Unit6
35. Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people then ever want to protect them from extinction.
as 表示随着， 在句子中引导时间状语从句。
as 的含义及引导的从句：
1) 当...时，随着（引导时间状语从句）
2) 由于，因为（引导原因状语从句）
3) 正如，依照 （方式状语从句）
4) 尽管，虽然 （让步状语从句）
5) 和...一样 （as...as 比较状语从句）
6) As 作关系代词（引导定语从句）
As it was getting late, I turned around to start for home. 原因
As you make reading a regular part of your life, you will understand the text better. 时间
When in Rome, do as Romans do. 方式
As is known to us, Nanjing is a famous city for her long history. 定语
As I looked at his face, something occurred to me. 时间
Hot as the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. 让步
That’s not as simple as it sounds. 比较
36. The less energy you use, the less carbon dioxide is released.
The+比较级（+主谓），the + 比较级（+主谓）
The more you practise, the better you can understand.
37. 现在分词作宾语补足语
宾语与宾补是主动关系，其主要用于以下两类动词后作宾语补足语：
1）位于感官动词后，如 see, hear, feel, smell, watch, catch, find, listen to, look at, notice, observe 等。
感官动词 see, hear, watch, observe 等后跟 doing 作宾补，表示动作正在进行，后跟 do 作宾补，表示
动作的全过程。
2）位于使役动词后，如 set, keep, have, get, leave等。
1. See two women arguing
2. Feel something moving near his feet.
3. Find him lying on a bench
4. Watch boats passing by
5. Keep the traffic running smoothly
6. He was caught stealing a car
7. When I came in, I saw Linda whispering to Danny.
38. 过去分词作宾语补足语
Have/get +宾语+过去分词 ~~“让别人做”或者“遭遇某种不幸”
Make+宾语+过去分词 ~~过去分词表结果
现在分词，过去分词，动词不定式作宾补的判断标准：
1） 用哪种形式
主动关系~~现在分词
被动关系~~过去分词
2） 感官动词后的宾补
现在分词~~主动、进行的关系
过去分词~~被动、完成的动作
动词不定式~~动作的全过程
39. However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to
three times the amount of water.
动名词作主语，常用 it 作形式主语，
It is no use/good doing something
It is a waste of time doing something
It is useless/fun/worthwhile doing something
It’s hardly any good/use doing sth.
40. 倍数表达法：
1）倍数+as+adj./adv.+as+其它 The road is four times as long as it was three years ago.
2）倍数+比较级+than+其它 This apartment is twice bigger than that one.
3）倍数+the+size/height/weight/length/width/depth+...+of 其它
The road is four times the length of what it was three years ago.
4）倍数+what 从句
The length of the road is four times what it was three years ago.
海洋面积是陆地的两倍：
There is twice as much water on earth as land.
41. 强调句
It is the production of food, not its transport, that uses most of the energy and produces most of the
greenhouse gases.
强调句: It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子剩余部分
强调句注意：时态一致，主谓一致
Not... until... 的强调
It was/is not until+被强调部分+that+其它
He did not go to bed until 10 o’clock.
It was not until 10 o’clock that he went to bed.
判断强调句的方法，去掉 it is/was 与 that/who, 剩余部分若结构完整，句意明确，则为强调句，否则不
是。

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