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中考冲刺之——阅读理解之人物故事类
★材料特点 人物故事类的阅读理解文章是中考英语常考材料之一。这类文章一般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。1. 人物传记主要涉及某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。2. 短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生、发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件的之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。
★解题技巧 1. 阅读人物传记类文章时应该抓住时间线索来获取有关信息，即主人翁在某个时间做过什么，然后通过分析推理、综合归纳的方法进行解题。2. 阅读短篇故事类材料时，同学们一定要根据主要情节掌握文章主旨大意，同时抓住每一个细节，设身处地地根据文章内容揣摩作者的态度和意图，根据情节展开想象，这样的话即使是深层理解题也可迎刃而解。
（2022·湖北荆门·统考中考真题）
A young man went to an expert on gems(宝石) and wanted to learn from him. The expert shook his head. He worried that the young man wouldn’t have the patience to learn. In his opinion, young men were always in a hurry.
The young man asked the expert many times to let him have a try. Finally the expert said, “Be here tomorrow.”
The next morning the expert put a jade(翡翠) stone in the man’s hand and told him to hold it. The expert then went about his work, cutting, weighing, and setting gems. The man sat and waited excitedly. The following morning the expert again placed the jade stone in the man’s hand and told him to hold it. On the third, fourth, and fifth days the expert repeated the action.
On the sixth day the young man still had to hold the jade stone, but he could no longer stand the silence. “Sir,” he asked, “when am I going to learn something ” “You will learn,” the expert replied.
Several more days went by. The man became more and more upset. However, when the expert placed a stone in his hand one morning, the young man said in surprise without looking at it, “This is not the same jade stone!”
“You have begun to learn,” the expert said with a smile.
1．The expert ________ the young man at first.
A．played a joke on B．got angry with C．refused to teach D．made friends with
2．The man held the jade stone for ________ without asking anything.
A．three days B．five days C．seven days D．half a month
3．Why did the expert ask the man to hold a stone for days
A．It was a way of learning. B．He was too busy to teach the man.
C．It was all that he could give the man. D．There was no other work for the man to do.
4．What does the passage mainly tell us
A．A real expert on gems. B．Some good learning habits.
C．The secret to learning quickly. D．The importance of being patient.
（2022·湖北襄阳·统考中考真题）
When Yang Fan was taking a walk around the Yuliang Island, she saw a black swan(天鹅) in the grass. Yang Fan knew that swans could be fierce(凶猛的). But as she got close to this one, it didn’t move.
She was sure that the swan needed help. So Yang covered the bird’s head with her jacket to keep its cool, picked it up carefully, and held it in her arms. She decided to send it to the Animal Care Center, but the center was across the Han River, far from the park. She didn’t know how to carry the swan there. Luckily, some strangers driving by gave her and the swan a lift to a nearby bus stop.
On the bus, no one seemed surprised by “the unusual passenger”. Instead they were worried. Someone helped Yang Fan call the center on the way. And Li Tao, an animal-care manager, picked her up at the bus stop and drove them to the center. There, the animal doctors found that the swan was poisoned, caused by eating something used to kill mice. The swan was well looked after at the center. She even made a friend—a little dog. Thanks to people’s love and care, luckily, she was cured(治愈) two months later.
“It’s a moving story. Yang Fan travelled about two hours and it was really a long way.” Says Li Tao. “And all the strangers wanted to give her and the swan a hand.” He adds, “I am happy to see that more and more people have realized the importance of protecting the wild life since Xiangyang began to build the civilized(文明) city.”
5．Which is the correct order of the things that happened to the swan
①She was found by Yang Fan.
②She ate something wrong.
③She was cured.
④She made friends with a dog.
⑤She was sent to the Animal Care Center.
A．①②⑤③④ B．①⑤②④③ C．②①⑤④③ D．⑤②①③④
6．What does the underlined phrase “was poisoned” mean in Paragraph 3
A．困住 B．中毒 C．射伤 D．掉队
7．What can we learn from the passage
A．Yang Fan didn’t try her best to save the swan.
B．The swan could be helped in a much better way.
C．Li Tao cared more about the swan than Yang Fan.
D．People went out of their way to protect the wild life.
8．What’s the best title for this passage
A．Ways to Protect the Animals B．More Animal Care Centers Are Needed
C．A Swan Meets a City Full of Love D．Efforts the Animal Doctors Have Made
（2022·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）
Mr. Ma is an old man with no kid. He lives alone and most of his friends and relatives live abroad. Wang Lei is a fruit seller nearby. They live in the same building. Once Mr. Ma fell down on the street, Wang Lei found him and sent the old man to the hospital in time. Wang Lei didn’t leave until the old man recovered (康复). After the old man went back home, Wang Lei cared about the old man in daily life. When he knew more about the old man, he decided to live with him. Wang Lei and his family gave him good care. The old man felt happy.
Now the empty house is filled with warmth and happiness. The old man and Wang Lei’s family live together. Other neighbors often hear their laughter (笑声). Mr. Ma regards Wang Lei as his own son and wants to provide something valuable for him. But it’s inevitable for Wang Lei to refuse his thanks. All the people around them praise him for his kindness.
Mr. Ma says he’s lucky enough to meet Wang Lei. He cares about the old man and the old man gives back love and care, too. Their love and kindness for each other are a good circle.
We hope that there are more warm-hearted people like Wang Lei, so that love can make the world kind and bring warmth among people.
9．Wang Lei is Mr. Ma’s ________ according to the passage.
A．classmate B．neighbor C．relative D．doctor
10．Wang Lei and his family ________ to help him.
A．phone the old man B．give the old man gifts
C．live with the old man D．save the old man’s son
11．The underlined word “inevitable” means ________.
A．certain B．active C．rude D．strange
12．From the passage, we know Wang Lei is a ________ man.
A．serious B．careless C．rich D．kind
13．Which of the following is True
A．The old man’s relatives look after him.
B．The old man sells fruit near his home.
C．Wang Lei saved the old man many times.
D．Wang Lei cared for the old man in the hospital.
（2022·山东潍坊·统考中考真题）
Margaret Ann Bulkley was born around 1789, in Ireland. She had big dreams. “I want to be a doctor!” But two hundred years ago a girl couldn’t become a doctor. Her uncle, James Barry, was a great painter. And his friend General Miranda had a library with more than 6,000 books. Margaret loved reading there. Her intelligence impressed him. Years later, her uncle James Barry died, leaving her some money. It was enough to study to be a doctor.
“But a girl can’t become a doctor,” said Margaret sadly.
“Yes, you can!” said General Miranda. “All you have to do is to disguise as a boy.” Margaret really wanted to be a doctor. So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes. She also named herself James Barry.
From then on, Margaret Ann Bulkley disappeared. She became James Barry and entered Edinburgh University. He took 13 subjects and worked all through the summer when the other students went on holiday.
Barry graduated in 1812 and decided to join the British Army. In his life, Dr. James Barry travelled all over the world, helping to save many lives. Before retirement, Barry had risen to the second-highest medical officer in the British Army. Barry improved the conditions for not only wounded soldiers but also the local people, and performed the first recorded successful caesarean section（剖宫产）in Africa. The secret Dr. James Barry kept for over fifty years was only known after his death in 1865.
14．Who played the most important role in Margaret’s becoming a doctor
A．General Miranda. B．Her uncle James Barry.
C．A soldier in the British Army. D．A professor from Edinburgh University.
15．What does the underlined word disguise in paragraph 3 mean
A．Change one’s clothes. B．Dress like a doctor.
C．Change one’s appearance. D．Dress like a gentleman.
16．Which was Dr. James Barry’s achievement in his job
A．Becoming the highest officer in the British Army.
B．Graduating from the most famous medical university.
C．Improving medical conditions for the wounded soldiers.
D．Doing the world’s first recorded caesarean section successfully.
17．What was the secret Dr. James Barry kept for over fifty years
A．James Barry left much money. B．Dr. James Barry was a woman.
C．Margaret died in her twenties. D．General Miranda helped Margaret a lot.
（2022·辽宁盘锦·统考中考真题）
Anna is a 6-year-old girl, and she lives in a big house with her parents, grandparents and her brother.
“What are you busy with, mom ” Anna asked her mother on a cold afternoon.
“Making dinner for our neighbor,” her mother replied.
“Why ” the girl asked.
“She lost her daughter very recently. She’s quite sad now. We should take care of her,” her mother answered.
“Why does she need our care ” the girl asked again.
“Her daughter passed away a few days ago. Now, she can’t do the same things she used to do with her daughter. She doesn’t know what to do. Even little things like making dinner and cleaning the house are harder for her to do now. Maybe you can think of a way to help her,” her mother said.
The little girl thought about this for some time. She wondered what she could do. She decided to go over to her neighbor’s house and pay her a visit. She knocked on the door. The woman came to the door, looking quite tired and down.
“Can I help you ” the neighbor asked.
“My mom told me you’re sad because you lost your daughter...” the girl said slowly as she handed a bandage to her neighbor. The woman looked at the girl in surprise. “Put this on your chest(胸口). Maybe then your heart won’t hurt so much,” the girl continued.
The neighbor was soon moved to tears(眼泪). She gave the girl a big hug and said, “Thank you. This bandage will help more than you even know.”
18．Who was making supper for the neighbor
A．Anna’s mother. B．Anna’s father.
C．Anna’s brother. D．Anna’s grandfather.
19．The mother looked after her neighbor because________.
A．the neighbor didn’t want to clean the house
B．the neighbor was too sad
C．the neighbor disliked making dinner
D．the neighbor’s chest hurt
20．When the neighbor got the bandage, she was_________ at first.
A．moved B．surprised C．angry D．pleased
21．The passage mainly tells us that________.
A．mother’s love is great
B．helping others is helping ourselves
C．small acts can make a big difference
D．children should make friends with their neighbors
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文讲述一个年轻人向专家求教的故事。故事揭示了耐性在学习中的重要性。
1．细节理解题。根据“The expert shook his head.”可知，专家起初拒绝教年轻人。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“On the sixth day the young man still had to hold the jade stone, but he could no longer stand the silence.”可知，年轻人握着翡翠石头五天而什么都没问。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据“The young man asked the expert many times to let him have a try.”和“‘You have begun to learn,’ the expert said with a smile.”可知，专家让年轻人好几天都握着一块石头，因为那也是一种学习方式。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。本文讲述一个年轻人向专家求教，专家起初拒绝了。年轻人多次请求专家让他试一试， 专家最后答应了。专家连续数日都让年轻人握着一块翡翠石头。在年轻人变得越来越没有耐心的时候，他发现这次握着的竟不是同一块翡翠石头。故事揭示了耐性在学习中的重要性。故选D。
5．C 6．B 7．D 8．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个叫杨凡的女孩拯救了一只中毒的野天鹅的故事。
5．细节理解题。根据“she saw a black swan(天鹅) in the grass...But as she got close to this one, it didn’t move.”；“And Li Tao, an animal-care manager, picked her up at the bus stop and drove them to the center.”；“She even made a friend- a little dog. Thanks to people’s love and care, luckily, she was cured(治愈) two months later.”可知，正确的顺序应该是：天鹅吃错了东西，被杨凡发现，然后被送去动物中心，在那里交了一个狗狗朋友，最后被治愈了。即②①⑤④③。故选C。
6．词句猜测题。根据“caused by eating something used to kill mice.（是因为吃了用来杀死老鼠的东西。）”可知，天鹅是中毒了，所以划线词“was poisoned”意为“中毒的”。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据“And all the strangers wanted to give her and the swan a hand.（所有的陌生人都想帮助她和天鹅。）”可知，人们不遗余力地保护野生动物。故选D。
8．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个叫杨凡的女孩拯救了一只中毒的野天鹅的故事，表现了人们越来越重视保护野生动物的重要性。C选项“天鹅遇见充满爱的城市”符合题意。故选C。
9．B 10．C 11．A 12．D 13．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个善良的王磊帮助一位老人的故事。
9．细节理解题。根据“They live in the same building”可知王磊是马先生的邻居。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据“ When he knew more about the old man, he decided to live with him. Wang Lei and his family gave him good care. The old man felt happy.”可知王磊和他的家人和老人住在一起，帮助他。故选C。
11．词义猜测题。根据“All the people around them praise him for his kindness.”可知王磊是很善良的，说明他肯定是拒绝了老人的感谢，所以inevitable和certain意义相近，故选A。
12．推理判断题。根据“When he knew more about the old man, he decided to live with him. Wang Lei and his family gave him good care. ”以及“We hope that there are more warm-hearted people like Wang Lei, so that love can make the world kind and bring warmth among people.”可知王磊热心帮助老人，说明他是一个善良的人，故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据“ Once Mr. Ma fell down on the street, Wang Lei found him and sent the old man to the hospital in time. Wang Lei didn’t leave until the old man recovered(康复). ”可知王磊在医院照顾那位老人。故选D。
14．A 15．C 16．C 17．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了Margaret Ann Bulkley为了实现自己成为医生的梦想，把自己装扮成一位男性从医的故事。
14．细节理解题。根据“And his friend General Miranda had a library with more than 6,000 books. Margaret loved reading there. Her intelligence impressed him”及“‘Yes, you can!’ said General Miranda. ‘All you have to do is to disguise as a boy.’ ”可知，是叔叔的朋友General Miranda鼓励她去实现自己的梦想，故选A。
15．词义猜测题。根据“So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes”可知，为了成为一名医生，把自己的头发剪短，装扮成一个男孩，所以disguise与Change one’s appearance同义，故选C。
16．细节理解题。根据“Barry improved the conditions for not only wounded soldiers but also the local people”可知，改善了伤兵的生活条件是他所取得的成就之一，故选C。
17．推理判断题。根据“Margaret really wanted to be a doctor. So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes. She also named herself James Barry”可知，她假扮成男孩成为一名医生是她一直保守的秘密，故选B。
18．A 19．B 20．B 21．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个小女孩帮助失去女儿的邻居的故事，该故事告诉我们：小的行为也可以产生大的影响。
18．细节理解题。根据“‘Making dinner for our neighbor,’ her mother replied.”可知，安娜的妈妈给邻居做晚餐。故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据“She lost her daughter very recently. She’s quite sad now. We should take care of her”可知，邻居的女儿去世了，非常悲伤，所以安娜的妈妈要照顾邻居。故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据“the girl said slowly as she handed a bandage to her neighbor. The woman looked at the girl in surprise.”可知，邻居拿到安娜的绷带时，起初是惊讶的。故选B。
21．主旨大意题。根据“This bandage will help more than you even know.”及全文可知，安娜用小小的绷带就安抚了一位失去女儿的母亲的心，所以文章主要告诉我们：小的行为也可以产生大的影响。故选C。
推理判断题是每年中考的必考题型之一，也是英语阅读理解中难度较大的题型，属于深层理解题。它要求学生对文章中的内容及作者的思路做出合理的判断和推理，也就是要运用逻辑推理能力推测出蕴含在文章中却没有明说的事实及暗示的含义。因此，学生应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，并借助一定的常识进行分析、推理，在已知和未知信息之间搭起桥梁，透过字里行间，体会＂弦外之音＂，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。
（2023·江苏淮安·统考一模）
A British man has learned the skills needed to perform（表演）Beijing Opera. In this way, he made the audience（观众）enjoy his lively performance of the Monkey King.
Ghaffar Pourazar, born in Iran, became interested in Chinese culture when he was a child. In 1993, he happened to watch Beijing Opera in London performed by actors from Jingju Theatre Company of Beijing. Ghaffar said he fell in love with the beautiful voices, colorful costumes, excellent shows and so on. So after one year, he arrived in China alone and became a student of Beijing Opera at a Beijing school.
At the age of 32, he had to learn with teenage students every day, starting from the most basic training of the legs and waist. At that time, he was mostly troubled by the dialogue in Beijing Opera. To him, it was the biggest obstacle. But he never gave up.
Four years later, he began to learn to perform the Monkey King. He always arrived in the workroom an hour earlier than other performers and also bought books and CDs to better understand the character.
Ghaffar today is not only good at speaking Beijing dialect（方言）but has also attracted many fans of his performance. In the past 10 years, he has performed in more than 400 shows. He even got a top international prize for performing the Monkey King.
To help more people enjoy Beijing Opera, Ghaffar often teaches this traditional art form in schools in the United States, Britain and other countries.
1．Ghaffar began to learn Beijing Opera in Beijing in _________.
A．1962 B．1993 C．1994 D．1998
2．The underlined word “obstacle” in Paragraph 3 probably means _________.
A．chance B．problem C．topic D．dream
3．From this passage, we can know that Ghaffar _________.
A．thought it was a shame to learn with teenagers B．didn’t work hard enough at his opera study
C．teaches Beijing dialect in many countries D．is successful in performing Beijing Opera
4．The passage is most probably from the part of _________ in a newspaper.
A．sports B．business C．culture D．education
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了英国人Ghaffar Pourazar学习京剧并表演京剧的故事。
1．推理判断题。根据“In 1993, he happened to watch Beijing Opera in London performed by actors from Jingju Theatre Company of Beijing. Ghaffar ... So after one year, he arrived in China alone and became a student of Beijing Opera at a Beijing school.”可知，1993年他碰巧观看了一场京剧表演，一年以后他来到中国学习京剧，因此他在1994年开始在北京学习京剧。故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据“At that time, he was mostly troubled by the dialogue in Beijing Opera. To him, it was the biggest obstacle.”可知，当时，他主要是被京剧里的对白所困扰，因此对他来说，这是最大的障碍，划线单词表示“障碍，难题”，与problem“问题”近义。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据“In the past 10 years, he has performed in more than 400 shows. He even got a top international prize for performing the Monkey King.”可知，他在表演京剧上取得了成功。故选D。
4．推理判断题。本文主要讲述的是英国人Ghaffar Pourazar学习京剧并表演京剧的故事。因此最有可能来自文化部分。故选C。
（2023·江苏淮安·统考一模）
I lay on the beach for a long time. When I felt stronger, I stood up and looked around. “Where am I ” I asked myself. “Is this an island or mainland Are there any people here Any dangerous wild animals ”
It was getting dark and I was still very tired.
“I must look for somewhere safe to spend the night,” I thought.
① I found a big tree not far from the shore（岸）and I climbed up into the branches. It made a comfortable bed and I fell asleep at once.
The next morning the sky was blue and there was no wind. I could see the ship from my bed in the tree. I decided to swim to it.
② First of all, I went to the kitchen because I was feeling very hungry. Luckily all the bread in the cupboard was still dry.
While I was walking around the ship I thought, “The ship is going to sink. I must make a raft and take all the food back to the shore before it’s too late.”
③ I found some pieces of wood on the ship. I threw them into the water and joined them together with ropes. It took me a long time, but I was happy with the result. My raft was big and strong.
I filled it with lots of useful things from the ship: tools, guns, gunpowder, food, drink and clothes.
Finally I made a little sail for my raft and I set off for the shore. ④ It was a long, slow journey, but I arrived safely without losing anything.
I made two more trips to the ship that day. Then, before it got too dark, I built a small tent. I put everything inside it and went to bed.
--Adapted from Robinson Crusoe
5．Robinson spent the first night _________.
A．on a ship B．in a tent C．in a big tree D．in a kitchen
6．It’s better to put “I climbed on board and had a look around,” in _________.
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
7．Robinson did all these things in this strange lonely island to _________.
A．keep himself safe B．spend his holiday
C．hide himself there D．help the local people
8．From the passage, we can know that Robinson _________.
A．was not afraid at all B．thought about things slowly
C．didin’t do well in DIY D．thought carefully
【答案】5．C 6．B 7．A 8．D
【导语】本篇文章是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Robinson在荒岛前两天的具体事情。
5．细节理解题。根据“ I found a big tree not far from the shore（岸）and I climbed up into the branches. It made a comfortable bed and I fell asleep at once.”可知Robinson在一棵大树上度过了第一晚，故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据“I could see the ship from my bed in the tree. I decided to swim to it.”和“First of all, I went to the kitchen because I was feeling very hungry. Luckily all the bread in the cupboard was still dry.”可知Robinson爬上船，在厨房里寻找到了面包。②处应填“我爬上船，环顾四周。”故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据“I filled it with lots of useful things from the ship: tools, guns, gunpowder, food, drink and clothes.”可知Robinson拿了工具、枪、火药、食物、饮料和衣服是为了自己能够活下来，故选A。
8．推理判断题。根据“ I found a big tree not far from the shore（岸）and I climbed up into the branches. It made a comfortable bed and I fell asleep at once.”和“I filled it with lots of useful things from the ship: tools, guns, gunpowder, food, drink and clothes.”可知Robinson是一个善于思考的人，故选D。
（2023·广西河池·统考一模）
In the 1940s, there was an old man who was living off about $100 social security checks (社会福利金). He lived in a small house and drove a beat-up old car.
He wanted to make a change. So he thought about what he could do. He wanted to offer something that other people may also benefit (获益) from. His mind went to his fried chicken recipe (食谱). His friends and family loved them very much. So, he came up with the idea of selling his recipe.
He left his home state of Kentucky and traveled across the country, trying to sell his recipe. He even offered the recipe for free, asking for only a small amount of the money that was made from it.
However, most of the restaurants wouldn’t take his offer. In fact, 1,009 restaurants said no. But even so, he didn’t give up. He believed in himself and his chicken recipe. When he visited the 1,010th restaurant, he got a YES. After two years of making daily sales, he signed up (签约) five restaurants.
But the story doesn’t end here. By 1963 he had 600 restaurants across the country selling his secret recipe for Kentucky Fried Chicken. Soon he became a multi-millionaire (千万富翁). But he still worked for KFC, until his death in 1980 at the age of 90.
His name Colonel Harland Sanders.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
9．From the first paragraph, we can learn that ________.
A．the old man was in his 40s
B．the old man lived a poor life
C．the old man was a rich person
10．What did Colonel Harland Sanders decide to do to make a change
A．Buy a few restaurants. B．Cook for his friends. C．Sell his secret recipe.
11．How long did Colonel Harland Sanders spend becoming a multi millionaire
A．For about 20 years. B．For about 40 years. C．For about 60 years.
12．When was Colonel Harland Sanders born
A．In 1890. B．In 1963. C．In 1980.
13．What can we learn from the story
A．Believe in others. B．Never give up easily. C．Don’t make a change.
【答案】9．B 10．C 11．A 12．A 13．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了哈兰德·桑德斯上校创立肯德基的经历。
9．推理判断题。根据第一段的“In the 1940s, there was an old man who was living off about $100 social security checks (社会福利金). He lived in a small house and drove a beat-up old car.”可知在1940年代，有一位老人靠大约100美元的社会福利金生活。他住在一个小房子里，开着一辆破旧的旧车。因此他过着贫困的生活。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段的“His mind went to his fried chicken recipe (食谱). His friends and family loved them very much. So, he came up with the idea of selling his recipe.”可知他的心思转到了他的炸鸡食谱。他的朋友和家人非常爱他们。所以，他想出了卖他的食谱的想法。故选C。
11．推理判断题。根据文章开头的“In the 1940s”可知20世纪四十年代他有了卖食谱的想法，根据第五段的“By 1963 he had 600 restaurants across the country selling his secret recipe for Kentucky Fried Chicken. Soon he became a multi-millionaire”可知到1963年，他在全国有600家餐馆出售他的肯德基炸鸡秘方。不久，他就成为了千万富翁。前后大约20年。故选A。
12．推理判断题。根据第五段的“But he still worked for KFC, until his death in 1980 at the age of 90.”可知他仍然为肯德基工作，直到1980年去世，享年90岁。由此可推知他是1890年出生。故选A。
13．推理判断题。通读全文可知，哈兰德·桑德斯上校经过上千次尝试，终于成为百万富翁，因此不要轻易放弃。故选B。
（2023·浙江宁波·统考一模）
It was a pretty road, and the air was sweet with the smell of apple flowers. When Matthew arrived at the station, there was no train, and he thought he was early. How he wished he could notice the boy somewhere! However, he only saw a girl sitting at the end.
“The five-thirty train has gone, but there was a passenger for you, a little girl,” said the stationmaster.
“I’m not expecting a girl,” said Matthew, surprised. “It’s a boy I’ve come for.”
The stationmaster raised his voice, “Well, I guess there’s some mistake. But Mrs. Spencer came off the train with that girl. She said you and your sister, Marilla, were adopting (收养) the girl from an orphanage (孤儿院).”
The girl watched Matthew. She was eleven years old and dressed in a very old and very ugly dress. “I suppose you are Mr. Matthew Cuthbert of Green Gables ” she said in a clear, sweet voice. “I’m very glad to see you. I was afraid you weren’t coming for me.”
Matthew could not say there was a mistake; he would take her home and let Marilla explain everything. “I’m sorry I was late,” he said shyly. “Come along. The horse is over in the yard.”
“Oh, I’m very glad you came,” the girl said, “It’s wonderful I’m going to live with you and belong to you. I’ve never belonged to anybody-not really.”
The girl kept talking as they drove down the main road. “Isn’t it beautiful ” she said. “I used to imagine living here, but I never expected I actually would. Am I talking too much ” she went on. “People always tell me what I should do. If you say so, I’ll stop. I can stop, though it is a little bit difficult.
Surprisingly, Matthew was enjoying himself. He’d never expected that he would enjoy staying with a young girl. He said shyly, “Oh, you can talk as much as you like, I don’t mind.”
“I’m so glad. You and I will get along just fine.”
“We’re near home now,” Matthew said in a weak voice, looking away from the girl’s eyes. He did not think about Marilla or himself or the mistake. He thought only about Anne’s disappointment after discovering the truth.
Adapted (改编) from Anne of Green Gables
14．Matthew went to the train station to ________.
A．take a train B．pick up a boy C．see a little girl D．meet his sister
15．How did Matthew felt at the end of the story
A．happy B．nervous C．surprised D．hopeful
16．From the story, we can infer that the little girl ________.
A．was really angry to see Matthew at first B．had a wonderful time in the orphanage
C．never imagined living in Green Gables D．felt excited to be adopted by Matthew
17．The best title of the passage may be “________”.
A．A Warm Welcome B．A Poor Girl
C．A Great Surprise D．A Shy Man
【答案】14．B 15．B 16．D 17．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了沉默寡言的马修本想收养一个男孩，到车站后才发现是个女孩，善良的马修被乐观聪明喋喋不休的安妮所打动，最终把她带回家的故事。
14．细节理解题。根据“ ‘I’m not expecting a girl,’ said Matthew, surprised. ‘It’s a boy I’ve come for.’ ”可知，马修去火车站去接一个男孩，故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据“He did not think about Marilla or himself or the mistake. He thought only about Anne’s disappointment after discovering the truth.”可知，马修最后应该是担心安妮知道事情的真相，应该是紧张的，故选B。
16．推理判断题。根据“ ‘Oh, I’m very glad you came,’ the girl said, ‘It’s wonderful I’m going to live with you and belong to you. I’ve never belonged to anybody-not really.’ ”可知，小女孩能被马修收养而感到兴奋，故选D。
17．最佳标题题。根据整个文章的理解及“ ‘I’m not expecting a girl,’ said Matthew, surprised. ‘It’s a boy I’ve come for.’ ”可知，马修本想收养一个男孩，到车站后才发现是个女孩，最后被乐观聪明喋喋不休的安妮所打动而带她回家，所以文章的标题应是“A Great Surprise”，故选C。
（2023·辽宁大连·统考一模）
In some parts of Holland, the land lies so low that the people have to build great walls of sand and earth to keep out the sea. These walls are called dykes(堤坝).
Sometimes the water from the sea break down these walls, and then the sea rushes in through the beach, and spreads over the land. Houses and trees, cows and sheep, have been thus washed away, and many people drowned.
Once, when a little boy was going home in the evening, he saw a hole in one of the dykes, through which the water was flowing (流出). His father had often told him that when this happened, unless the water was stopped it would soon make the hole so big that the sea would flow over the land.
At first he thought he would run home and tell his father. But then he said to himself, “It may be dark before father can come, and we shall not be able to find the hole again. Or it may get so large that it will be too late to stop it. I must stay now, and do the best I can alone.”
The brave little boy sat down, and put his hand in the hole to keep back the water. There he stayed, hour after hour, in the cold and the dark, all through the night!
In the morning, a man came past and saw him. He could not think why the boy was there. So he called out to him, “What are you doing there, my boy ” “There is a hole in the dyke, said the boy, “and I am keeping back the water.”
Poor little boy! He was so cold and tired that he could hardly speak. The man came quickly and set him free. He got the hole closed up, and thus the land was saved—thanks to the brave little Hollander.
18．Who first found the hole in the dyke
A．The father. B．The boy. C．A visitor. D．A man.
19．Why did the boy stay and stop the hole alone
A．Because his father told him to do so. B．Because he was strong enough to stop it.
C．Because he knew the best way to stop it. D．Because it would be too late to ask for help.
20．How did the boy try to keep back the water
A．He built another wall. B．He sat against the hole.
C．He sat down with his hand in the hole. D．He got some sand and earth to fill in the hole.
21．When seeing the boy, the man ________.
A．asked him what happened and closed up the hole
B．thought the boy was in good condition
C．closed up the hole with him
D．helped him without a word
22．What can be the best title of the passage
A．A Smart Man B．A Cold Night C．A Dangerous Hole D．A Brave Little Hollander
【答案】18．B 19．D 20．C 21．A 22．D
【导语】本文讲述了一个勇敢的荷兰小男孩用自己的力量堵住了堤坝上的洞，从而避免了一场灾难的故事。
18．细节理解题。根据“Once, when a little boy was going home in the evening, he saw a hole in one of the dykes, through which the water was flowing”可知是一个小男孩先发现了堤坝上的洞，故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据“At first he thought he would run home and tell his father ... Or it may get so large that it will be too late to stop it. I must stay now, and do the best I can alone”可知，那个男孩留下来独自堵住那个洞是因为如果寻求帮助会太迟。故选D。
20．细节理解题。根据“The brave little boy sat down, and put his hand in the hole to keep back the water.”可知，这个小男孩坐下来把自己的手放在洞里，来阻止这些水。故选C。
21．细节理解题。根据最后两段可知，当这个人看到小男孩时，询问他发生了什么，并把洞堵上，故选A。
22．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了一个勇敢的荷兰小男孩用自己的力量堵住了堤坝上的洞，避免了土地及土地上的一切东西被海水冲走。由此可知，本文最佳标题是“一个勇敢的小荷兰人”。故选D。
（2023·广东深圳·统考二模）
“YES! They are still here, the bed, the room,” cried Scrooge. He jumped out of bed, holding one of his bed curtains in his arms.“It was just a terrible dream. Now, I can change the future. I know I can.” This mean（吝啬的）old man decided to put things right!
Scrooge hurried to get dressed. And in his excitement he put on his vest inside out. He put on his trousers upside down. He tore his shirt. And he couldn’t find his socks.
“A Merry Christmas to everybody!” shouted Scrooge.“A Happy New Year to all the world.”
He stopped when he heard the church bells ringing. He ran and opened the window. No fog. It was a clear, cold day. Golden sunlight! Sweet fresh air! Happy bells! What a wonderful, wonderful day!
Once outside, Scrooge smiled at everybody and two or three people said, “Good morning, sir! A Merry Christmas to you!” He was walking along the street when he saw one of the kind old gentlemen from the day before. He felt very embarrassed. But he greeted him.“Please forgive me for my bad behavior yesterday. And will you...” Scrooge whispered something in his ear.
“Good heavens!”cried the gentleman. “My dear Mr Scrooge, are you serious ”
“Of course,” said Scrooge. “Not a coin less. It includes a lot of back-payments（拖欠工资）.”
“My dear sir,” said the gentleman.“That’s very kind of you.”
That afternoon, Scrooge walked to his nephew’s house. Thinking of his wrong deed to his nephew, he was very nervous. He walked past the door several times before he finally knocked on it.
The door opened. “Merry Christmas, Fred!” said Scrooge. “I have come for dinner. Can I come in ” Fred was very happy to see Scrooge.
Everything was the same. It was a wonderful party.
23．What did Scrooge want to do after his dream
A．To get his bed and room back. B．To correct his mistakes.
C．To hold bed curtains in his arms. D．To jump out of his bed.
24．How did the writer describe Scrooge’s excitement
A．By describing his behaviors and the weather.
B．By presenting his appearance and some words.
C．By telling a real and moving story of Scrooge.
D．By reporting an event that happened long ago.
25．Why did Scrooge feel ashamed when he saw the kind old gentleman on the street
A．The old man couldn’t hear him clearly.
B．The old man didn’t pay his money back.
C．He didn’t smile politely at the old man.
D．He did something rude to the old man.
26．What did the ending of the story tell us
A．Christmas is a time to forgive.
B．Christmas is a time to return money.
C．People should apologize at Christmas.
D．People should greet each other at Christmas.
27．What’s the best title of the story
A．Christmas Gifts B．Merry Christmas
C．A Wonderful Party D．Dreams Come True
【答案】23．B 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了吝啬鬼斯克鲁奇从梦中醒来，决定在圣诞节这一天开始做出改变的故事。
23．细节理解题。根据第一段“This mean old man decided to put things right!”可知斯克鲁奇决定改正错误。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“And in his excitement he put on his vest inside out. He put on his trousers upside down. He tore his shirt. And he couldn’t find his socks.”及第四段“No fog. It was a clear, cold day. Golden sunlight! Sweet fresh air!”可知作者通过他的行为和天气来形容他的激动。故选A。
25．推理判断题。根据第五段“He felt very embarrassed. But he greeted him.‘Please forgive me for my bad behavior yesterday. And will you...’ Scrooge whispered something in his ear.”可推断他感到尴尬因为他对老人做了粗鲁的事情。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据最后两段“The door opened.‘Merry Christmas, Fred!’ said Scrooge. ‘I have come for dinner. Can I come in ’ Fred was very happy to see Scrooge. Everything was the same. It was a wonderful party.”可推断故事末尾告诉我们圣诞节是原谅的时机。故选A。
27．最佳标题题。根据第三段“‘A Merry Christmas to everybody!’shouted Scrooge.‘A Happy New Year to all the world.’”可知本文主要讲了斯克鲁奇在圣诞节发生好的改变的故事，判断最好的标题为“圣诞节快乐”。故选B。
（2022·湖南株洲·统考二模）
Many years ago, there lived a very rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out whether they were good enough to get his help. So he placed a very large stone in the center of the main road into town. Then he hid behind a tree and waited.
Soon an old man came along with his cow. “Who put this stone in the center of the road ” said the old man, but he did not try to move the stone away. Instead, he passed around the stone and continued on his way. Another man came along and did the same thing; then another came, and another. All of them complained about the stone in the center of the road, but none of them tried to move it away.
Late in the afternoon, a young man came along. He saw the stone and said, “It will be very dark at night. Some people will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.” The young man then began to move the stone. He putted with all his strength to move it to one side. But imagine his surprise when he found a bag full of money and this message under the stone: “This money is for the thoughtful person who takes this stone away from the road. Thank you.”
28．What did the rich man want to do
A．To offer help to the people of his town.
B．To show his people how rich he was.
C．To give money to anybody in need.
29．Why did the rich man put a large stone on the road
A．To make life harder for the people of his town.
B．To find out the strongest man in his town.
C．To find the right person to get his help.
30．The first old man found the stone and passed around it because ________.
A．he was too old to take the stone away all by himself
B．he didn’t want to move the stone away for others
C．he didn’t want the money from the rich man
31．How many people complained but didn’t try to move the stone
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four.
32．Why did the young man decide to move the stone
A．Because he was strong enough to do the job.
B．Because he had others’ safety on his mind.
C．Because he wanted to make it safe for himself.
【答案】28．A 29．C 30．B 31．C 32．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了一个富有的人为了考验小镇上的居民是否值得帮助，将一块大石头放在镇中心的路上，并观察路过的人们的反应。最终，只有一位年轻人意识到这块石头会成为晚上行人的障碍并移开了它，他最后得到了一袋钱。
28．细节理解题。根据“Many years ago, there lived a very rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town.”可知，富人想为他镇上的人们做点什么。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据“But first he wanted to find out whether they were good enough to get his help.”可知，他想知道村里的人是否足够好，可以得到他的帮助。也就是挑选出适合帮助的人，故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据“but he did not try to move the stone away. Instead, he passed around the stone and continued on his way.”可知，老人没有尝试搬石头，合理推测是他不想为别人搬走石头，故选B。
31．细节理解题。根据“Soon an old man came along with his cow.”“Another man came along and did the same thing; then another came, and another.”可知，一共有4个人抱怨，但是没有搬走石头，故选C。
32．推理判断题。根据“It will be very dark at night. Some people will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.”可知，年轻人担心其他人会在黑暗中被石头绊倒，所以搬走了石头，说明他心里关心其他人的安全，故选B。
（2023·江苏淮安·统考一模）
A mother held her new baby and rocked him back and forth, back and forth, back and forth. And while she held him, she sang:
I’ll love you forever, I’ll like you for always.
As long as I’m living, my baby you’ll be.
The little boy grew. He grew into a boy of nine years old. And he never wanted to come in for dinner, he never wanted to take a bath, and when grandma visited, he always said bad words. Sometimes his mother wanted to sell him to the zoo!
The boy grew. He grew into a teenager. He had strange friends and he wore strange clothes and he listened to strange music. Sometimes the mother felt like she was in a zoo!
That teenager grew. He grew into a man. He left home and got a house across town.
Well, that mother, she got older. She got older and older and older. One day she called up her son and said, “You’d better come to see me because I’m very old and sick.”
So her son came to see her. When he came in the door she tried to sing the song:
I’ll love you forever, I’ll like you for always.
But she couldn’t finish because she was too old and sick.
The son went to his mother. He held her in his arms, rocked her back and forth, back and forth, back and forth. And he sang this song:
I’ll love you forever, I’ll like you for always.
As long as I’m living, my Mommy you’ll be.
33．This story is about ________.
A．mother and son B．father and son C．mother and daughter D．father and daughter
34．The underlined word “rocked” in Para. 1 probably means ________.
A．shake...slowly B．a kind of stone C．leave...alone D．play with
35．From the underlined sentences, we can know that the boy might ________ when young.
A．make much trouble B．have good manners
C．show love properly D．show gift in sports
36．Which of the following is NOT true according to this article
A．The boy had strange friends when he was a teenager.
B．The boy didn’t live with his mother when he grew up.
C．The boy’s return showed his love for his mom in the end.
D．The boy’s mother sold him to the zoo when he was nine years old.
【答案】33．A 34．A 35．A 36．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了一位母亲与儿子的故事，文中有一首表达爱的歌曲，它伴随着男孩的成长，虽然男孩成长过程中比较调皮捣蛋，但是最终母亲收获了爱的回报。
33．细节理解题。根据“A mother held her new baby and very slowly rocked him back and forth, back and forth, back and forth.”和“The son went to his mother. He held her in his arms very slowly rocked him back and forth, back and forth, back and forth.”以及通读全文后可知，这是关于一对母子的故事。故选A。
34．词义猜测题。根据“A mother held her new baby and rocked him back and forth, back and forth, back and forth.”和常识可知，新生儿出生后会被慢慢摇来摇去。划线部分“rocked”意思与选项A“慢慢地摇……”意思相近。故选A。
35．推理判断题。根据“He had strange friends and he wore strange clothes and he listened to strange music. Sometimes the mother felt like she was in a zoo!(他有奇怪的朋友，穿着奇怪的衣服，听奇怪的音乐。有时妈妈觉得自己就像在动物园里一样！)”和“Sometimes his mother wanted to sell him to the zoo!”可推知，这个男孩在年轻的时候可能惹了许多麻烦。故选A。
36．细节理解题。根据“Sometimes his mother wanted to sell him to the zoo!”可知，有时他的妈妈想把他卖到动物园去，但只是“想”，而并没有真正这么去做。故选D。
（2023·河北唐山·统考一模）
Ms. Hagen had asked that every student entered the science fair this year. Kyle and Seth were divided into a group, much to Kyle’s upset. Everyone knew that Seth was the laziest kid in the class. He never finished his homework, and he was always talking rather than listening in class. The boys decided to meet at Kyle’s house after school to plan their project.
Seth arrived with a backpack that was filled with test tubes（试管）, magnets（磁铁）, and other needed materials. Kyle was surprised. Why would this lazy kid have such cool things At first, when Kyle suggested building a model of the solar system, Seth told all kinds of facts about each model planet quickly. Maybe Kyle had mistaken about Seth.
But finally, the boys agreed to experiment to find the best place to store bananas. The boys met each day after school and believed that their project would be the best. Kyle worked on writing the report, while Seth continued to question and study further. They found they made quite a team.
Ms. Hagen told Kyle that she was proud of him for helping Seth with the project. Kyle had to explain that Seth was responsible for much of the work. He went on to ask if Seth could be his partner for next month’s math project.
37．How did Kyle feel after knowing that Seth became his partner
A．Surprised. B．Excited. C．Upset. D．Angry.
38．What project did they decide to do in the end
A．Build a model of the solar system. B．Find the best place to store bananas.
C．Find out the uses of tubes and magnets. D．Learn some facts about each model planet.
39．Which of the following would Kyle probably agree with
A．No pain, no gain. B．Seeing is believing.
C．Practice makes perfect. D．Actions speak louder than words.
【答案】37．C 38．B 39．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Kyle和Seth一起搭档做一个科学项目的故事。
37．细节理解题。根据第一段“Kyle and Seth were divided into a group, much to Kyle’s upset.”可知，Kyle知道Seth成为他的搭档后很失望。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据第三段“But finally, the boys agreed to experiment to find the best place to store bananas.”可知，是找到存放香蕉的最佳地点。故选B。
39．推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyone knew that Seth was the laziest kid in the class.He never finished his homework, and he was always talking rather than listening in class.”以及第二段“At first, when Kyle suggested building a model of the solar system, Seth told all kinds of facts about each model planet quickly. Maybe Kyle had mistaken about Seth.”可知，Kyle先是从别人的口中听说Seth是一个懒惰的人并信以为真，但当他与Seth合作时，才发现自己误会了Seth，由此可推知Kyle会赞同“眼见为实”，不要轻易给别人下定论。故选B。
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