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重难点02-1阅读七选五之设空剖析-2023年高考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练
(新高考专用)
年 份 卷 类 卷 别 体 裁 题 材 设空位置
2022年 新高考 I卷 说明文 如何寻找健身的伙伴 段中设空4
段尾设空1
II卷 说明文 写文章的技巧 段首设空1
段中设空4
全国卷 甲卷 说明文 外出就餐的注意事项 段首设空1
段中设空3
段尾设空1
乙卷 说明文 五种维系异地友谊的方法 段首设空3
段中设空1
段尾设空1
2021年 新高考 I卷 记叙文 体验巴黎当地的生活 段首设空1
段中设空4
II卷 说明文 提高阅读速度的建议 段首设空1
段中设空2
段尾设空2
全国卷 甲卷 说明文 处理旧衣物的方法 段首设空1
段中设空4
乙卷 说明文 在晚会上受人关注的方法 段首设空2
段中设空2
段尾设空1
从两年高考阅读七选五命题的设空位置(段首空为10空、段中空为24空、段尾空为6空)我们可以看出，命题人特别注重的还是对段中空的设置。一般来说，段中空越多，难度就越大。因为解段中空，需要考生瞻前顾后。根据新高考I卷段中设空两年都保持在4空的情况下，我们可以认为2023年新高考阅读七选五设空位置大体有两种可能：一是保持不变；二是对段首设空、段中设空、段尾设空的比例作一些微调。
在阅读七选五中，句子在段落中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。段首设空所要填的内容起概括主旨的作用；段中设空所要填的内容起注释细节、体现逻辑关系的作用；段尾设空所要填的内容起归纳总结的作用。除此之外，三种设空处所要填的内容都有一个共同的作用：不是承上，就是启下，或者兼而有之(承上启下)。
此外，还有一种设空的方式是标题设空，其特点非常明显：位于文章的首位或是段与段之间，呈现形式为单独成行或成段。
一、段首设空的主要考点：
段落标题句、段落主旨句、段落过渡句(承上启下句或导入句)。
此外，设空在首段段首处时，有可能考查的是通篇主题句。
【满分技巧1】借助“对标”解题
对照其他标题的表达形式，看其呈现形式是否和其他小标题相一致。
【满分技巧2】借助“提炼”解题
注意阅读相关段落内容，提炼其中的中心词(留意体现主旨的同义词复现)串联成标题。
【满分技巧3】借助“推断”解题
认真阅读空后的下文内容，掌握该段大意，推断出主旨句。
【满分技巧4】借助“抓点”解题
设空处在段首时(设空在首段段首处除外)，很有可能是过渡句(承上启下句或导入句)。因此，要阅读
上下文并抓住两个重点：重点了解上一段，尤其是尾句的内容，还要快速浏览下一段的内容；二是要标出关键词。使所选答案能够把上下两段内容紧密的衔接起来。
【经典考例1】(引用原题号，以下同)
(2022·浙江1月高考卷节选)...
Pick the most important.
...
Combine your activities.
...
___34___
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.
Lighten up.
...
A. Speed up.
B. Be an active learner.
C. Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F. Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
34.【答案】B
【解析】空格处在段与段之间，单独成行，考查段落小标题。对照其他小标题，可知小标题句式为祈使句式，以此确定在ABCD四个选项中筛选。标根据下文，本段讲述学习虽然花费很多时间，但总是能有一些方法为你节省时间做其他事情，因此要做有效的学习者。因此推断B项“做有效的学习者”为段落标题，故选B。
【经典考例2】
(2022·新高考II卷节选)Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
___36___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___37___(Let your pen follow the waves of thought. )Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
36.【答案】D
【解析】空格在段首，考查段落主题句。空白处之后信息“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay…write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper提示当有想法的时候，笔离开纸地不间断书写10到15分钟。由此判断可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项意为“首先，学习不间断写作的技巧。”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。
【经典考例3】
(2020·新课标Ⅲ卷节选)___37___ Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local or store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
___38___ This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. ...
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
37.【答案】B
【解析】空格在段首，考查段落主题句。空白处之后信息“Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains.和like a piece of art or a plant.”列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出下文，故选B。
38.【答案】C
【解析】空格在段首，考查承上启下句。前面的段落提到“参加聚会所带礼物的清单”。本空承接上文，也应该与“礼物”相关。根据空后“This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’ t a lot of food served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)”可知，空格处所涉及的礼物应该与“食物”相关，C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享，故选C。
二、段中设空的主要考点
段中上下文关联句：从段落语篇结构、行文逻辑关系等方面命题。
【满分技巧1】借助“语篇结构”解题
阅读七选五的体裁主要是说明文，语篇常采用“总——分”或“总——分——总”的结构。前一部分说明事物的主题，下面几部分从不同角度说明问题，最后总结。常见的标志性词汇有：to conclude, to sum up, generally speaking, in a word, in brief, in conclusion, in general,in short, in summary, on the whole等等。
【满分技巧2】借助“解释例证”解题
段落后文对前文或解释说明或举例佐证。常见的标志性词汇有：actually, as a matter of, in fact, in other words, that is to say, for example, for instance等等。
【满分技巧3】借助“转折让步”解题
段落行文中后句与前句构成逻辑上的转折关系或前句与后句构成逻辑上的让步关系。常见的标志性词汇有：but, however, instead, nevertheless, or/otherwise, whereas, while, yet, at any rate, in any case, on the contrary以及although/though/as, in spite of等等。
【满分技巧4】借助“层层推进”解题
段落行文中前句与后面的数句在某种意义上层层推进，一层更进一层，即通常所说的“递进”。常见的标志性词汇有：besides, even, further, furthermore, moreover, in addition, not ... but, not only ... but also, to make matters worse, what’s worse, what’s more等等。
【满分技巧5】借助“原因结果”解题
前句与后句之间构成前因后果或者前果后因的关系。常见的标志性词汇有：accordingly, consequently, hence, so/therefore/thus, as a result of, due to, now that, such/so ... that ..., thanks to, 等等。
【满分技巧6】借助“齐头并进”解题
指句子与句子之间齐头并进互不相属形成并列关系，用了一起说明同一个问题。常见的标志性词汇
有：and, first/firstly, second/secondly, third/thirdly, next, then, in the first place, in the second place, for one thing...for another thing, finally/last等等。
特别提醒：以上所有这些标志性词汇有可能出现在原文中，也有可能出现在备选项中。
【经典考例1】
(2017·新高考I卷节选)The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. ___37___ We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.
A. This time there was no tent.
B. Things are going to be improved.
C. The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E. I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
37.【答案】C
【解析】由下文“We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom”分别叙述了这次野营有情况。目的是说这次野营关比较艰难，故空格处应该是对这次野营的总体评价，故选C。上下文构成“总——分”关系。
【经典考例2】
(2020·全国卷I节选)●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. ___38___ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate(有同情心)response “That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.”
A. Feeling upset again
B. Where do you start
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start
38.【答案】D
【解析】根据本文的中心句“Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.(原谅自己所犯的错误)”及下文的“You will make mistakes, time and time again.(你会一次又一次地犯错误)”可知，空格处应该是要解释为什么要原谅自己所犯的错误(因为作为一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的)，选项D. Remember, you are only human.(记住，你只是个人)。
【经典考例3】
(2021·新高考卷I节选)Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ___38___ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
38.【答案】G
【解析】本段讲了巴黎人的饮食习惯，空后的句子提到了法国的草莓很好吃，空格处的句子应该与空后的句子构成例证关系，话题与法国的美食相关，故选G项“The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.(食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太多就能使你快乐)。
【经典考例4】
(2020·山东卷节选)Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. ___36___ Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the “speaking.” ___37___ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
36.【答案】G
【解析】空格的前面的句子说“Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.(有些人天生就有公开演讲的天赋)”。空格的后面的句子又说“Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master.(你想成为一个好的公众演说家吗？这里有一些你必须掌握的原则)”，很显然，空格处应该表示转折意义的句子，故选G项(然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练)。与上句转折，引出本文主题——演讲者要训练。
37.【答案】A
【解析】下句Focus on the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在“公众”身上，而不是“演讲”本身上。这是错误的做法，A项Do the opposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法，故选A。
【经典考例5】
(2021·新高考I卷节选)The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing(水管)worked. ___37___ Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
37.【答案】C
【解析】根据空格前“Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing(水管)worked.(与普通的巴黎公寓不同，管道系统工作正常)”可知，空格处应该描述作者所租赁的公寓情况。空格后的“Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, ‘Ouverture des portes,’ in perfect French.(我们的大楼甚至有一个小电梯，一走进去，就会听到一声柔柔的完美的法语‘Ouverture des portes’)”与空格处的句子构成逻辑上的“层层推进(即递进)”关系，故选C项。
本题也可以借助语篇结构“总——分”的关系解题。关系上一句和下一句都是介绍公寓的基本情况，而且都是好的方面，故C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.与上下文内容一致，基调统一。而且本段是总分结构，第一句是总，后面的内容都是介绍公寓基本配套情况，故选C。
【经典考例6】
(2021·新高考I卷节选)My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. ___36___ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
36.【答案】F
【解析】上文“My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.(我丈夫和我刚在巴黎待了一周)”说明了背景；下文“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.(所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵公寓，在第六层，只有一个橱柜那么大)”是空格处的结果(下文有标志性的词So)，因此空格处需要填原因；根据F项“Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.(我们的目标是看看我们是否能在某种程度上像真正的巴黎人那样生活)”可知，作者要在巴黎住下来，所以需要租房子，两句构成因果关系。故选F项。
【经典考例7】
(2020·全国高考III卷节选)A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. ___36___ And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopeful presents.
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
36.【答案】E
【解析】上句“The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.(这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)”介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句“And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)”介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。与上下句构成并列关系，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。
三、段尾设空的主要考点
首段末句设空的考点：承上启下句，引出全文要谈的几个方面(段落)；全文主题句；
段落末句设空的考点：段落主题句/总结句(往往与段落开头呼应)；(承上启下)过渡句或细节支撑句
(与空前或空后内容形成某种内在的逻辑关系)；
全文末句设空的考点：全文的总结句(往往与文章开头呼应)。
【满分技巧1】借助“前呼后应”解题
尾句要跟段首句呼应以及要跟前文中的一两句呼应。
【满分技巧1】借助“瞻前顾后”解题
先看空格前的句子看是否与尾句有关联。如果看不出，就要考虑看下一段的首句，看看是否有关联。
【满分技巧1】借助“逻辑优先”解题
分析尾句与空格的前句之间的逻辑关系。
【经典考例1】
(2017·全国新课标III卷节选)Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. ___39___
Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve
tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. ___40___(If the steps you take are working, keep it up.) If not, take another look at other methods you could try.
A. Get a sleep specialist.
B. Find the right motivation.
C. A better plan for sleep can help.
D. And consider setting a second alarm.
E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee.
39.【答案】F
【解析】本段考查段尾总结句。本段主要说明坚持周末睡眠时间表的重要性。上文提到如果周五没有休息好，在周六睡过头听起来很好，但研究发现，这样做会影响下一周的睡眠状况。所以39 题作为本段的尾句，应为结论句，提醒人们无论周几，都要坚持既定的作息时间，与段首句“Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends.”相呼应，故选F。
【经典考例2】
(2021·6月浙江卷节选)
You’ve got mail…and it’s a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome’s Colosseum. Or Africa’s Victoria Falls. Or China’s Great Wall. ___11___
“I often send postcards to family and friends.” he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it ...”
A. And that’s totally fine
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
11.【答案】G
【解析】上文“Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored image of Rome’s Colosseum. Or Africa’s Victoria Falls. Or China’s Great Wall.( 34岁的葡萄牙电脑工程师Paulo Magalhaes喜欢打开他的邮箱，然后发现一个色彩鲜艳的罗马斗牛场图像。或者非洲的维多利亚瀑布。或者是中国的长城)”介绍了Paulo喜欢明信片的个人爱好。下文“... and you realize that not everyone is into it.”说明他身边缺少与他志趣相投的人。选项G“In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a scribbled note from someone far away.(简而言之，他喜欢明信片，也喜欢收到远方某人潦草的便条时的那种兴奋)”起到承上启下的作用，总结了上文Paulo喜欢明信片，也引出下文关于他的喜好得不到回应的问题，故选G项。
【经典考例3】
(2020·山东卷节选)Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one. ___18___
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
18.【答案】C
【解析】本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项“你不必为一个小失误道歉”承接上句，是对待演讲出错的方法，故选C。
【经典考例4】
(2020·6月浙江卷节选)A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. ___32___(I loved the colorful photographs in the books.) I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children’s books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. ___33___
A. I wasn’t alone any longer.
B. I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C. I was invited to play with another kid.
D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F. Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G. My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
33.【答案】A
【解析】根据前句提到“Reading opened new worlds to me.”可知阅读为作者打开了新世界，所以空格处应该讲的是阅读给作者带来的好处。A项“我不再孤独”和上句构成了因果关系，故选A。
(题目序号仿新高考)
每篇答题时间不超过8分钟
Passage 1
(2022·广东高三期中)Ready to upgrade your usual walk around the park for a hike in the wild ___36___So, before you set off, here’s some tips and recommendations.
Choose your trail(小路). Are you up for a climb or would you prefer more of an easier walk Consider things like the amount of time you have for your hike, as well as the distance and difficulty level. Be sure to do plenty of research and map out your start and end points. ___37___ Check the weather forecast. There’s no such thing as bad weather if you’ve come prepared! So checking the weather forecast in advance is vital. ___38___For a sunny hike, a baseball cap adds a sporty edge to your hiking outfit while keeping the sun from your eyes.
___39___A well-packed backpack can make-or-break the experience of your hike. Fill your water container and store up energy-increasing snacks to keep you going on your trail. A first aid kit and map are also worth popping in your bag, too. Before you pack, it’s important to choose a good quality backpack that’s lightweight and comfortable.
Layer up. Wondering what to wear on a hike ___40___This three-layer system includes a base layer next to your skin, an adjustable layer on top and an outer shell to protect you from water and wind. Hopefully you won’t be battling the elements too much, but layering up with light clothes means you can stay on the trail with a smile on your face.
A. Pack your necessities in a quality backpack.
B. You want to keep your backpack as light as possible.
C. In case of rain, a waterproof jacket should be on your checklist.
D. Lightweight shoes are a good balance between support and stability.
E. And don’t forget to let someone know your trail if you’re hiking alone.
F. Expert hikers suggest a three-layer approach to dressing well for a rough day.
G. Preparation is key to the difference between a good hike and an unforgettable one.
【答案】GECAF
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何为一次难忘的徒步旅行做好准备。
36.【答案】G
【解析】空前说“Ready to upgrade your usual walk around the park for a hike in the wild (准备好升级你在公园散步的习惯，来一次野外徒步旅行了吗)”，空后说“So, before you set off, here’s some tips and recommendations.(所以，在你出发之前，这里有一些建议)”，空格处应说为徒步旅行做准备是很重要的，G选项“Preparation is key to the difference between a good hike and an unforgettable one.(准备是决定一次好的徒步旅行和一次难忘的徒步旅行的关键)”说明了为徒步旅行做好充分准备是很重要的，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
37.【答案】E
【解析】本段主题句是“Choose your trail(小路).(选择你的路线)”，空前说“Be sure to do plenty of research and map out your start and end points.(一定要做大量的研究，并规划好你的起点和终点)”，空格处所说内容应该与路线有关，E选项“And don’t forget to let someone know your trail if you’re hiking alone.(如果你一个人徒步，别忘了让别人知道你的路线)”说明的是把路线告诉他人，以保证安全，因此是关于路线的，符合语境，故选E。
38.【答案】C
【解析】空前说“So checking the weather forecast in advance is vital.(所以提前查看天气预报是至关重要的)”，空格处要说的内容应该与为应对天气做准备相关，C选项“In case of rain, a waterproof jacket should be on your checklist.(以防下雨，你的清单上应该有一件防水夹克)”是对下雨天所做的准备，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
39.【答案】A
【解析】空格处是本段主题句，由空后的“A well-packed backpack can make-or-break the experience of your hike. Fill your water container and store up energy-increasing snacks to keep you going on your trail. A first aid kit and map are also worth popping in your bag, too. Before you pack, it’s important to choose a good quality backpack that’s lightweight and comfortable.(一个打包好的背包可以决定你徒步旅行的成败。装满你的水，储存增加能量的零食，让你继续前行。急救箱和地图也值得放在你的包里。在你打包之前，选择一个质量好的、轻便舒适的背包是很重要的)”可知，本段主要讲的是要如何打包背包，A选项“Pack your necessities in a quality backpack.(把你的必需品装进高质量的背包里)”说明了要如何打包背包，可概括本段内容，可作为小标题，故选A。
40.【答案】F
【解析】空前说“Wondering what to wear on a hike (想知道徒步旅行该穿什么)”，空后说“This three-layer system includes a base layer next to your skin, an adjustable layer on top and an outer shell to protect you from water and wind.(这个三层的系统包括紧贴皮肤的底层，顶部可调节的一层和保护你免受水和风伤害的外壳)”，说明空格处要说到的穿的是一种有三层的衣物，F选项“Expert hikers suggest a three-layer approach to dressing well for a rough day.(登山专家建议穿三层衣服来应对艰难的一天)”说到了包含三层的衣服，其中的“three-layer”和空后的“three-layer”一致，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
Passage 2
(2022·湖北恩施市一中模拟预测)The United States is a vast country where there are four different time zones. In addition, many parts of the country observe daylight saving time(DST)as well. In areas that adopt DST, the clock is moved one hour forward for the summer. Thus, the local time varies across different areas of the country. ___36___ It has been changed many times over the years.
For decades, both the Eastern Time Zone and Central Time Zone have existed within the state. Many areas in the state have switched back and forth between Eastern Time and Central Time. Furthermore, until very recently, policy concerning DST differed from one place to another. ___37___ In 2006, however, the entire state started to observe DST.
Some have argued that the time system in Indiana harms local businesses working with companies outside of Indiana. For example，a company in Indiana once scheduled a phone conference with companies in other states. ___38___ This was because those who missed the conference did not know in which time zone the company was located.
___39___ Local businesses may benefit from being in the Eastern Time Zone where the financial center of the entire country, Wall Street in New York City, is located. Meanwhile, this may not be convenient for residents in the western parts of Indiana who commute(通勤)to major cities in the Central Time Zone, like Chicago, just across the state border.
The controversy over time in Indiana was partly resolved in 2006. ___40___ However, there is still disagreement about having two different time zones in the state. This debate may continue as long as people living in different parts of the state have different needs.
A. In other areas DST was adopted.
B. It is not easy to resolve this issue.
C. The entire state started to observe DST.
D. Only half of the participants were on line.
E. Most areas in the Eastern Time Zone did not adopt DST.
F. The state of Indiana is known for its complex time system.
G. It depends on which time zone the area is in and whether DST is adopted.
【答案】FBDEC
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国不同地区对于夏令时制度的执行情况。
36.【答案】F
【解析】文章第二、三段介绍的是印第安纳州夏令时制度执行的复杂情况，该空后文的“It has been changed many times over the years.(这些年来，它已经改变了很多次)”中的it指的是F选项中的“its complex time system”，即印第安纳州复杂的时间系统。故选F项。
37.【答案】B
【解析】根据上文“For decades, both the Eastern Time Zone and Central Time Zone have existed within the state. Many areas in the state have switched back and forth between Eastern Time and Central Time. Furthermore, until very recently, policy concerning DST differed from one place to another.(几十年来，东部时区和中部时区都存在于该州。该州的许多地区在东部时间和中部时间之间来回切换)”可知，选项承接上文说明解决问题是有难度的。故 B选项“It is not easy to resolve this issue.(要解决这个问题并不容易)”和前文紧密相关。故选B项。
38.【答案】D
【解析】根据上文“Some have argued that the time system in Indiana harms local businesses working with companies outside of Indiana.(一些人认为，印第安纳州的时间系统损害了与印第安纳州以外公司合作的当地企业。例如，印第安纳州的一家公司曾经与其他州的公司安排了一次电话会议)”说明时间不统一带来了不利影响并举例说明，以及下文“This was because those who missed the conference did not know in which time zone the company was located.(这是因为错过会议的人不知道该公司位于哪个时区)”解释了参加线上会议人数较少的原因，D选项“Only half of the participants were on line.(只有一半的参与者在线)”说明现象，只有一半的公司上线，承接上文所讲的不利影响，又是下文解释原因的问题所在。故选D项。
39.【答案】E
【解析】下文“Local businesses may benefit from being in the Eastern Time Zone where the financial center of the entire country, Wall Street in New York City, is located. (当地企业可能会受益于在东部时区，那里是整个国家的金融中心，纽约的华尔街位于此)”是在解释为什么大多数的东部地区不愿意使用夏令时。E选项“Most areas in the Eastern Time Zone did not adopt DST.(东部时区的大部分地区没有采用夏令时)”放于句首总领全段，符合语境。故选E项。
40.【答案】C
【解析】上文“The controversy over time in Indiana was partly resolved in 2006.(随着时间的推移，印第安纳州的争议在2006年部分解决了。)”表明印第安纳州的问题得到了部分解决，C项 “The entire state started to observe DST.(整个州都采用了夏令时)”，是指解决以上问题的具体方案，承接上文。故选C项。
Passage 3
(2022·湖南武冈市教育科学研究所高三期中)
How to tell your career story
I believe telling your story is one of the most important life skills because it is the moment when you commit to the change what you want to make in your life ___36___.
Share what you really want to do
If you know what you really want to do for work, tell people even if you haven’t taken your first step down that path. Don’t hold back, go for it! ___37___, not what you are doing right now. When you talk about the work you’ve always wanted to do, you’ll naturally sound more excited, and other people will sense your excitement.
Share your motivation
As soon as you tell someone about the work you’ve always wanted to do, immediately tell them about your motivation for doing municate your “why”, your purpose, and your reason for making a change in your work.___38___if they believe your intentions are reliable. You might even share a personal story.
___39___
Your past experiences have value. They provided you with marketable skills that you can use in new ways to support your new work. They are part of your new story. When you talk to someone about what you want to do, share how your past experiences make you uniquely qualified to do it. How did they lead you here to take this next step Show how they’re helping you work toward your new purpose. For example, my work at CBS News helped me to tell stories. My work at dot-coms helped me understand the possibilities of the digital media.___40___. My work as an entrepreneur helped me understand how to build communities.
A. How are you uniquely qualified
B. Focus on where you want your life to go
C. Here are some “rules” for telling your career story
D. What’s the difference between old experiences and new stories
E. I believe everyone has a great untold story that deserves to be told
F. My work as a sales trainer taught me how to inspire people to change
G. People will be more engaged and even more motivated to offer you help
【答案】CBGAF
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何讲述你的职业故事并且给出了相关的要求和规则。
36.【答案】C
【解析】根据上文“I believe telling your story is one of the most important life skills because it is the moment when you commit to the change what you want to make in your life .”(我相信讲述自己的故事是最重要的生活技能之一，因为这是你致力于改变自己生活中想要的东西的时刻)引出话题，提到讲述自己的故事。以及下文分别举出的几点要求和建议，可知空格处内容为有一些讲述故事的要求和规则。结合选项C项Here are some “rules” for telling your career story.(这里有一些讲述你的职业故事的“规则”)符合此推断，起到承上启下的过渡作用。故选C项。
37.【答案】B
【解析】上文“Don’t hold back, go for it!”(不要退缩，大胆去做吧！)说明要勇敢去做。下文“not what you are doing right now.”(不是你现在在做什么)否定现在所做的事情。故可推断空格处内容为专注于想要做的事情。结合选项B项Focus on where you want your life to go.(专注于你想要的生活)符合此推断，上下文语意连贯，下文是空格处内容的补充说明。故选B项。
38.【答案】G
【解析】下文“if they believe your intentions are reliable.”(如果他们相信你的意图是可靠的)提到假设情况之后的结果。结合选项G项People will be more engaged and even more motivated to offer you help.(人们将更多地参与和更主动地为你提供帮助)即是这种假设成立后的积极结果，其中 offer you help与下文的reliable一致。故选G项。
39.【答案】A
【解析】 由空格处的问号可知，该句应为问句，故在AD选项中选出其一。通过下文“Your past experiences have value. They provided you with marketable skills that you can use in new ways to support your new work. They are part of your new story. When you talk to someone about what you want to do, share how your past experiences make you uniquely qualified to do it. How did they lead you here to take this next step ”(你过去的经历很有价值。它们为你提供了适合市场的技能，你可以用新的方式来支持你的新工作。他们是你新故事的一部分。当你和别人谈论你想做什么时，分享一下你过去的经历是如何让你有资格做这件事的。它们是怎么让你走到这一步的？)说明要展示你过去的经历以及你独特的资格。结合选项A项How are you uniquely qualified.(你如何做到独一无二)为总结该段的内容(小标题)，与下文意思一致。故选A项。
40.【答案】F
【解析】根据上文“My work at dot-coms helped me understand the possibilities of the digital media.”(例如，我在CBS新闻的工作帮助我讲故)以及下文“My work as an entrepreneur helped me understand how to build communities.”(作为一名企业家，我的工作帮助我理解了如何建立社区)可知，都分别举例介绍自己的经历，故可推断空格处内容也应为说明自己的具体经历。和上下文构成并列关系，为共同组成举出的三个例子。结合选项F项My work as a sales trainer taught me how to inspire people to change.(销售培训师的工作教会了我如何激励人们做出改变)可知，为工作经历例子的其一，符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
Passage 4
(2022·辽宁高三期中)Housekeeping can be an effective stress reliever in our busy life if we know how to enjoy it. We can benefit a lot from doing housework.
Activities like cleaning the house could give us a sense of belonging to our environment. ___36___ In the limited space, one can create the best atmosphere that can show the positive energy and care for the members of the house, including ourselves.
Cleaning offers the state of mindfulness, releasing the endorphins, which can improve our mood, Cleaning activities, such as sweeping the floor, provides the same benefits as exercising. We keep the body active and make it a part of the exercise, which is especially good for someone who finds a struggle to maintain a workout schedule. So we’re supposed to start the day with early morning cleaning. ___37___
Cleaning provides a sense of control over our environment. Anxiety, the early stage of mental breakdown, could come from insecurity towards uncertainty. ___38___ Cleaning gives us something to have power over — even if it’s something as small as organising our books by colour. “When we seek out ways to reduce feelings of helplessness, cleaning is one of the best ways to do that,” said JaimeZuckerman, an American clinical psychologist.
___39___ Accomplishing a clean-up project could create a “good feeling” of confidence that lasts throughout day. Greater confidence encourages people to face other challenges in life that may have seemed too far a reach in the past. It’s healthy to use cleaning to clear your mind, gain perspective, and take a break from your worries. ___40___ So we have to make sure it’s enjoyable instead of overtiring.
A. Cleaning is a great way to show love.
B. The post-cleanup feelings can inspire confidence.
C. People enjoy the domestic task of housekeeping.
D. People need something that they have control over.
E. We can’t depend on tidying practice to relieve internal discomfort.
F. However, going overboard with the cleaning activities can cause stress.
G. That can encourage our subconscious to be an active person during the day.
【答案】AGDBF
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了做家务可以有效地缓解压力。像打扫房子这样的活动会给人们带来很多益处。
36.【答案】A
【解析】根据下一句中的“In the limited space, one can create the best atmosphere that can show the positive energy and care for the members of the house, including ourselves.(在有限的空间里，人们可以创造出最好的氛围，展现出正能量，关爱家庭成员，包括我们自己)”可知，空处是对后文的概括总结，下文表明在家里有限的空间里，我们可以通过打扫卫生为家里制造出爱的氛围。A项“清洁是表达爱意的好方法”符合语境。A项中的show love是对下文中的“can show the positive energy and care for the members of the house”的概括。故选A。
37.【答案】G
【解析】根据“So we’re supposed to start the day with early morning cleaning.(所以我们应该从清晨的清洁开始)”可知，空处表明从清晨的清洁开始的好处，也就是能够为我们一天的工作做准备。G项“这可以鼓励我们的潜意识在白天成为一个积极的人”符合语境。G项中的“during the day”和前文中的“start the day with early morning cleaning”相呼应。故选G。
38.【答案】D
【解析】53. 根据本段的主题句“Cleaning provides a sense of control over our environment.(清洁提供了一种对环境的控制感)”，空前句“Anxiety, the early stage of mental breakdown, could come from insecurity towards uncertainty.(焦虑是精神崩溃的早期阶段，可能来自不安全感和不确定性)”以及空后“Cleaning gives us something to have power over—even if it’s something as small as organising our books by colour.(清洁给了我们一些力量，即使是按颜色整理书籍这样的小事)”可知，空格前指出焦虑可能来自不安全感和不确定性，空格后提到清洁给了我们力量。由此可知，一个过渡句，承前启后。D项“人们需要一些他们可以控制的东西”符合语境。D项中的control over和前文a sense of control相呼应。故选D。
39.【答案】B
【解析】根据空后“Accomplishing a clean-up project could create a “good feeling” of confidence that lasts throughout day. Greater confidence encourages people to face other challenges in life that may have seemed too far a reach in the past.(完成一个清理项目可以创造一种持续一整天的“良好感觉”。更大的信心鼓励人们面对生活中的其他挑战，这些挑战在过去似乎遥不可及)”可知，本段内容提到完成一个清理项目可以创造一种持续一整天的充满信心的“良好感觉”以及给后续生活带来好处。B项“清理后的感觉可以激发信心”适合作本段的主旨大意句。故选B。
40.【答案】F
【解析】根据“So we have to make sure it’s enjoyable instead of overtiring.(所以我们必须确保这是愉快的，而不是过度劳累)”可知，空格处与下一句为因果关系。下一句指出：因此，我们必须确保这是愉快的，而不是过度疲惫的。由此可知，空格处提到过度做家务是不好的。F项“然而，过度进行清洁活动可能会造成压力”符合语境。故选F。重难点02-1阅读七选五之设空剖析-2023年高考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练
(新高考专用)
年 份 卷 类 卷 别 体 裁 题 材 设空位置
2022年 新高考 I卷 说明文 如何寻找健身的伙伴 段中设空4
段尾设空1
II卷 说明文 写文章的技巧 段首设空1
段中设空4
全国卷 甲卷 说明文 外出就餐的注意事项 段首设空1
段中设空3
段尾设空1
乙卷 说明文 五种维系异地友谊的方法 段首设空3
段中设空1
段尾设空1
2021年 新高考 I卷 记叙文 体验巴黎当地的生活 段首设空1
段中设空4
II卷 说明文 提高阅读速度的建议 段首设空1
段中设空2
段尾设空2
全国卷 甲卷 说明文 处理旧衣物的方法 段首设空1
段中设空4
乙卷 说明文 在晚会上受人关注的方法 段首设空2
段中设空2
段尾设空1
从两年高考阅读七选五命题的设空位置(段首空为10空、段中空为24空、段尾空为6空)我们可以看出，命题人特别注重的还是对段中空的设置。一般来说，段中空越多，难度就越大。因为解段中空，需要考生瞻前顾后。根据新高考I卷段中设空两年都保持在4空的情况下，我们可以认为2023年新高考阅读七选五设空位置大体有两种可能：一是保持不变；二是对段首设空、段中设空、段尾设空的比例作一些微调。
在阅读七选五中，句子在段落中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。段首设空所要填的内容起概括主旨的作用；段中设空所要填的内容起注释细节、体现逻辑关系的作用；段尾设空所要填的内容起归纳总结的作用。除此之外，三种设空处所要填的内容都有一个共同的作用：不是承上，就是启下，或者兼而有之(承上启下)。
此外，还有一种设空的方式是标题设空，其特点非常明显：位于文章的首位或是段与段之间，呈现形式为单独成行或成段。
一、段首设空的主要考点：
段落标题句、段落主旨句、段落过渡句(承上启下句或导入句)。
此外，设空在首段段首处时，有可能考查的是通篇主题句。
【满分技巧1】借助“对标”解题
对照其他标题的表达形式，看其呈现形式是否和其他小标题相一致。
【满分技巧2】借助“提炼”解题
注意阅读相关段落内容，提炼其中的中心词(留意体现主旨的同义词复现)串联成标题。
【满分技巧3】借助“推断”解题
认真阅读空后的下文内容，掌握该段大意，推断出主旨句。
【满分技巧4】借助“抓点”解题
设空处在段首时(设空在首段段首处除外)，很有可能是过渡句(承上启下句或导入句)。因此，要阅读
上下文并抓住两个重点：重点了解上一段，尤其是尾句的内容，还要快速浏览下一段的内容；二是要标出关键词。使所选答案能够把上下两段内容紧密的衔接起来。
【经典考例1】(引用原题号，以下同)
(2022·浙江1月高考卷节选)...
Pick the most important.
...
Combine your activities.
...
___34___
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.
Lighten up.
...
A. Speed up.
B. Be an active learner.
C. Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F. Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
【经典考例2】
(2022·新高考II卷节选)Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
___36___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___37___(Let your pen follow the waves of thought. )Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
【经典考例3】
(2020·新课标Ⅲ卷节选)___37___ Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local or store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
___38___ This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. ...
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
二、段中设空的主要考点
段中上下文关联句：从段落语篇结构、行文逻辑关系等方面命题。
【满分技巧1】借助“语篇结构”解题
阅读七选五的体裁主要是说明文，语篇常采用“总——分”或“总——分——总”的结构。前一部分说明事物的主题，下面几部分从不同角度说明问题，最后总结。常见的标志性词汇有：to conclude, to sum up, generally speaking, in a word, in brief, in conclusion, in general,in short, in summary, on the whole等等。
【满分技巧2】借助“解释例证”解题
段落后文对前文或解释说明或举例佐证。常见的标志性词汇有：actually, as a matter of, in fact, in other words, that is to say, for example, for instance等等。
【满分技巧3】借助“转折让步”解题
段落行文中后句与前句构成逻辑上的转折关系或前句与后句构成逻辑上的让步关系。常见的标志性词汇有：but, however, instead, nevertheless, or/otherwise, whereas, while, yet, at any rate, in any case, on the contrary以及although/though/as, in spite of等等。
【满分技巧4】借助“层层推进”解题
段落行文中前句与后面的数句在某种意义上层层推进，一层更进一层，即通常所说的“递进”。常见的标志性词汇有：besides, even, further, furthermore, moreover, in addition, not ... but, not only ... but also, to make matters worse, what’s worse, what’s more等等。
【满分技巧5】借助“原因结果”解题
前句与后句之间构成前因后果或者前果后因的关系。常见的标志性词汇有：accordingly, consequently, hence, so/therefore/thus, as a result of, due to, now that, such/so ... that ..., thanks to, 等等。
【满分技巧6】借助“齐头并进”解题
指句子与句子之间齐头并进互不相属形成并列关系，用了一起说明同一个问题。常见的标志性词汇
有：and, first/firstly, second/secondly, third/thirdly, next, then, in the first place, in the second place, for one thing...for another thing, finally/last等等。
特别提醒：以上所有这些标志性词汇有可能出现在原文中，也有可能出现在备选项中。
【经典考例1】
(2017·新高考I卷节选)The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. ___37___ We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.
A. This time there was no tent.
B. Things are going to be improved.
C. The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E. I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
【经典考例2】
(2020·全国卷I节选)●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. ___38___ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate(有同情心)response “That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.”
A. Feeling upset again
B. Where do you start
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start
【经典考例3】
(2021·新高考卷I节选)Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ___38___ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【经典考例4】
(2020·山东卷节选)Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. ___36___ Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the “speaking.” ___37___ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【经典考例5】
(2021·新高考I卷节选)The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing(水管)worked. ___37___ Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【经典考例6】
(2021·新高考I卷节选)My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. ___36___ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【经典考例7】
(2020·全国高考III卷节选)A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. ___36___ And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopeful presents.
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
三、段尾设空的主要考点
首段末句设空的考点：承上启下句，引出全文要谈的几个方面(段落)；全文主题句；
段落末句设空的考点：段落主题句/总结句(往往与段落开头呼应)；(承上启下)过渡句或细节支撑句
(与空前或空后内容形成某种内在的逻辑关系)；
全文末句设空的考点：全文的总结句(往往与文章开头呼应)。
【满分技巧1】借助“前呼后应”解题
尾句要跟段首句呼应以及要跟前文中的一两句呼应。
【满分技巧1】借助“瞻前顾后”解题
先看空格前的句子看是否与尾句有关联。如果看不出，就要考虑看下一段的首句，看看是否有关联。
【满分技巧1】借助“逻辑优先”解题
分析尾句与空格的前句之间的逻辑关系。
【经典考例1】
(2017·全国新课标III卷节选)Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. ___39___
Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve
tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. ___40___(If the steps you take are working, keep it up.) If not, take another look at other methods you could try.
A. Get a sleep specialist.
B. Find the right motivation.
C. A better plan for sleep can help.
D. And consider setting a second alarm.
E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee.
【经典考例2】
(2021·6月浙江卷节选)
You’ve got mail…and it’s a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome’s Colosseum. Or Africa’s Victoria Falls. Or China’s Great Wall. ___11___
“I often send postcards to family and friends.” he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it ...”
A. And that’s totally fine
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
【经典考例3】
(2020·山东卷节选)Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one. ___18___
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【经典考例4】
(2020·6月浙江卷节选)A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. ___32___(I loved the colorful photographs in the books.) I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children’s books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. ___33___
A. I wasn’t alone any longer.
B. I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C. I was invited to play with another kid.
D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F. Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G. My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
(题目序号仿新高考)
每篇答题时间不超过8分钟
Passage 1
(2022·广东高三期中)Ready to upgrade your usual walk around the park for a hike in the wild ___36___So, before you set off, here’s some tips and recommendations.
Choose your trail(小路). Are you up for a climb or would you prefer more of an easier walk Consider things like the amount of time you have for your hike, as well as the distance and difficulty level. Be sure to do plenty of research and map out your start and end points. ___37___ Check the weather forecast. There’s no such thing as bad weather if you’ve come prepared! So checking the weather forecast in advance is vital. ___38___For a sunny hike, a baseball cap adds a sporty edge to your hiking outfit while keeping the sun from your eyes.
___39___A well-packed backpack can make-or-break the experience of your hike. Fill your water container and store up energy-increasing snacks to keep you going on your trail. A first aid kit and map are also worth popping in your bag, too. Before you pack, it’s important to choose a good quality backpack that’s lightweight and comfortable.
Layer up. Wondering what to wear on a hike ___40___This three-layer system includes a base layer next to your skin, an adjustable layer on top and an outer shell to protect you from water and wind. Hopefully you won’t be battling the elements too much, but layering up with light clothes means you can stay on the trail with a smile on your face.
A. Pack your necessities in a quality backpack.
B. You want to keep your backpack as light as possible.
C. In case of rain, a waterproof jacket should be on your checklist.
D. Lightweight shoes are a good balance between support and stability.
E. And don’t forget to let someone know your trail if you’re hiking alone.
F. Expert hikers suggest a three-layer approach to dressing well for a rough day.
G. Preparation is key to the difference between a good hike and an unforgettable one.
Passage 2
(2022·湖北恩施市一中模拟预测)The United States is a vast country where there are four different time zones. In addition, many parts of the country observe daylight saving time(DST)as well. In areas that adopt DST, the clock is moved one hour forward for the summer. Thus, the local time varies across different areas of the country. ___36___ It has been changed many times over the years.
For decades, both the Eastern Time Zone and Central Time Zone have existed within the state. Many areas in the state have switched back and forth between Eastern Time and Central Time. Furthermore, until very recently, policy concerning DST differed from one place to another. ___37___ In 2006, however, the entire state started to observe DST.
Some have argued that the time system in Indiana harms local businesses working with companies outside of Indiana. For example，a company in Indiana once scheduled a phone conference with companies in other states. ___38___ This was because those who missed the conference did not know in which time zone the company was located.
___39___ Local businesses may benefit from being in the Eastern Time Zone where the financial center of the entire country, Wall Street in New York City, is located. Meanwhile, this may not be convenient for residents in the western parts of Indiana who commute(通勤)to major cities in the Central Time Zone, like Chicago, just across the state border.
The controversy over time in Indiana was partly resolved in 2006. ___40___ However, there is still disagreement about having two different time zones in the state. This debate may continue as long as people living in different parts of the state have different needs.
A. In other areas DST was adopted.
B. It is not easy to resolve this issue.
C. The entire state started to observe DST.
D. Only half of the participants were on line.
E. Most areas in the Eastern Time Zone did not adopt DST.
F. The state of Indiana is known for its complex time system.
G. It depends on which time zone the area is in and whether DST is adopted.
Passage 3
(2022·湖南武冈市教育科学研究所高三期中)
How to tell your career story
I believe telling your story is one of the most important life skills because it is the moment when you commit to the change what you want to make in your life ___36___.
Share what you really want to do
If you know what you really want to do for work, tell people even if you haven’t taken your first step down that path. Don’t hold back, go for it! ___37___, not what you are doing right now. When you talk about the work you’ve always wanted to do, you’ll naturally sound more excited, and other people will sense your excitement.
Share your motivation
As soon as you tell someone about the work you’ve always wanted to do, immediately tell them about your motivation for doing municate your “why”, your purpose, and your reason for making a change in your work.___38___if they believe your intentions are reliable. You might even share a personal story.
___39___
Your past experiences have value. They provided you with marketable skills that you can use in new ways to support your new work. They are part of your new story. When you talk to someone about what you want to do, share how your past experiences make you uniquely qualified to do it. How did they lead you here to take this next step Show how they’re helping you work toward your new purpose. For example, my work at CBS News helped me to tell stories. My work at dot-coms helped me understand the possibilities of the digital media.___40___. My work as an entrepreneur helped me understand how to build communities.
A. How are you uniquely qualified
B. Focus on where you want your life to go
C. Here are some “rules” for telling your career story
D. What’s the difference between old experiences and new stories
E. I believe everyone has a great untold story that deserves to be told
F. My work as a sales trainer taught me how to inspire people to change
G. People will be more engaged and even more motivated to offer you help
Passage 4
(2022·辽宁高三期中)Housekeeping can be an effective stress reliever in our busy life if we know how to enjoy it. We can benefit a lot from doing housework.
Activities like cleaning the house could give us a sense of belonging to our environment. ___36___ In the limited space, one can create the best atmosphere that can show the positive energy and care for the members of the house, including ourselves.
Cleaning offers the state of mindfulness, releasing the endorphins, which can improve our mood, Cleaning activities, such as sweeping the floor, provides the same benefits as exercising. We keep the body active and make it a part of the exercise, which is especially good for someone who finds a struggle to maintain a workout schedule. So we’re supposed to start the day with early morning cleaning. ___37___
Cleaning provides a sense of control over our environment. Anxiety, the early stage of mental breakdown, could come from insecurity towards uncertainty. ___38___ Cleaning gives us something to have power over — even if it’s something as small as organising our books by colour. “When we seek out ways to reduce feelings of helplessness, cleaning is one of the best ways to do that,” said JaimeZuckerman, an American clinical psychologist.
___39___ Accomplishing a clean-up project could create a “good feeling” of confidence that lasts throughout day. Greater confidence encourages people to face other challenges in life that may have seemed too far a reach in the past. It’s healthy to use cleaning to clear your mind, gain perspective, and take a break from your worries. ___40___ So we have to make sure it’s enjoyable instead of overtiring.
A. Cleaning is a great way to show love.
B. The post-cleanup feelings can inspire confidence.
C. People enjoy the domestic task of housekeeping.
D. People need something that they have control over.
E. We can’t depend on tidying practice to relieve internal discomfort.
F. However, going overboard with the cleaning activities can cause stress.
G. That can encourage our subconscious to be an active person during the day.

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