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专题07：短文填空（首字母填空）
2023年广东省广州市11区中考英语一模及名校模拟试题分类汇编（原卷版）
1.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）阅读短文, 根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式, 每空限填一词。答卷时, 要求写出完整单词。
Chinese people have been celebrating the Mid-Autumn Festival and enjoying mooncakes for centuries. Mooncakes are in the s____1____ of a full moon on the Mid-Autumn night. They carry people’s wishes to the families they love and miss.
Therc are many t____2____ folk stories about this festival. However, most people think that the story of Chang’e is the most touching. Chang’e was Hou Yi’s beautiful wife. After Hou Yi shot down the nine suns, a goddess gave him magic medicine to thank him. Whoever drank this could live forever, and Hou Yi planned to drink it with Chang’e. However, a bad man, Pang Meng, tried to s____3____ the medicine when Hou Yi was not home. Chang’e refused to give it to him and drank it all. She became very light and f____4____ up to the moon. Hou Yi was so sad that he called out her name to the moon every night. One night, he found that the moon was so b____5____ and round that he could see his wife there. He quickly laid out her favorite fruits and desserts in the garden. How he wished that Chang’e could come back!
2.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）根据短文及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，并注意使用适当形式。（每空限填一词）
Each different part of China has its own special forms of traditional art. These usually try to show the things that are important in life, such as love, beauty, and family.
Sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming. He sent them out to ask for help when in t____6____. Today, sky lanterns are used at f____7____ and other celebrations. They are m____8____ of bamboo and covered with paper. They are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good wishes.
Paper cutting has been around for over 1,500 years. Paper cutting sounds very easy but it can be d____9____ to do. The paper, usually red, is cut with scissors. The most common pictures are flowers, animals and things about Chinese history. They are put on windows, doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good l____10____ and a happy new year.
3.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。(每空限填一词）
What is generation gap (代沟) It’s the d____11____ between parents and children in tastes, values and the way they deal with problems. It is common all over the world.
Teenagers have a s____12____ wish for freedom. They want to wear cool clothes, have cool hairstyles and talk in a cool way. This d____13____ their parents mad because they have no idea what their children are thinking about. They may even feel embarrassed when they go out with their children. However, if parents don’t try to understand their children, young people may feel awful and begin to hate their f____14____.
To solve these problems, parents and children should sit down and talk about it. As the children g____15____ up, they will come to understand their parents, and they may feel ashamed of their strange behavior.
4.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）阅读下面短文， 并根据短文大意及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。 在填写答卷时， 要求写出完整单词 （每空限填一词）。
One day, a stork（鹳）saw a beautiful ring. It belonged to a rabbit. The rabbit went inside his hole, leaving the ring outside. The stork decided to try it on w____16____ asking. However, when she tried to take the ring off, she f____17____. Since nobody saw her, the stork flew away, thinking she would find a way to return the ring.
The rabbit was very angry to find that the ring had been stolen. Soon, everyone in the forest started looking for the thief. The stork was so afraid that she hid the ring with bandage（绷带）on her claws and pretended that she had an accident. The rabbit w____18____ about the stork and suggested taking her to the hospital. The stork knew that if they did an X-ray, they would find the ring. So she went back home and took off the bandages and covered her claws in lead plates（铅板）so that the ring wouldn’t show up on the X-ray.
Feeling r____19____, the stork flew off to meet up with the rabbit. But because of the added w____20____, she was unable to fly. She fell like a heavy stone and landed on the poor rabbit. Soon, the other animals found the bandages, the lead and the ring. In one single morning, the stork lost all her friends.
5.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
Space Station Rice Tests Show Hope
Chinese astronauts have successfully grown a seedling rice seedlings on the Tiangong space station.
The rice experiment being done on Tiangong is the first of its kind. Its p____21____ is to produce the complete life cycle of the plant. The cycle begins with a seed and e____22____ with a mature plant producing new seeds.
China s____23____ the Wentian space lab into space on July 24, 2022. The space lab weighs 23,000 kg and is 17.9-metre tall. It is the b____24____ spacecraft in our country until now.
“If we want to land on and explore Mars, food brought from the Earth is not enough for the astronauts’ long journey in space. We have to find methods to stay a____25____ from hunger during the space explorations.” said Zheng Huiqiong, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
6.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）People love soccer all over the world. Nowadays, our country is taking a____26____ to get soccer games to enter schools. For the activity “Soccer Enters School”, different people have different opinions. Some people think this activity is good for students as it helps them cancel out s____27____. In addition, it can help students d____28____ the spirit of teamwork. Especially for some students, they may have a chance to become professional soccer players and take part in i____29____ soccer matches. Other people think this activity may take up plenty of time of students. This can r____30____ in some problems in study. Sometimes it’s dangerous because they may hurt themselves while playing soccer. It is true that every coin has two sides.
7.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）阅读短文，根据上下文及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
Anger is a kind of feeling. Many things can make you angry. When your teacher gives you too much homework, when your team l___31___ an important game, when a friend borrows your f___32___ toy and then breaks it, you may get angry.
It’s normal of you to get angry sometimes. But it’s not good to h___33___ your anger always. So just express it. When you get angry, you can talk about it with adults, such as parents, teachers, etc. After doing this, you’ll find those bad feelings start to go away. Here are some other things you can do when you start to feel angry: c___34___ from 1 to 100, give someone a hug, go for a bike ride, think about good things, etc.
Remember that when you are angry, how you act can make everything b___35___ or worse. Don’t let your anger control you.
8.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）根据下面短文及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。(每空限填一词)
Not long ago, I made a decision to read a lot of books. So I went to the library and (46) b___36___ several books. But weeks later, I found that the idea of finishing all of them seemed impossible. It’s (47) d___37___ for me to keep calm and read a whole book. I didn’t know what to do with it. Then one day I thought, “Why not make reading meaningful ” Reading is a joumey of spirit. When we read a book, we are talking with the writer. We can feel all of his or her happiness and sufferings. Now books have become a (48)p___38___ of my life.
Someone once said, “(49) A___39___ sometimes the situation is bad, people still have a chance to choose our own way.” So, don’t complain about study or work. Try to be poitive and look on the (50) b___40___ side of life. This will improve the situation and help you a lot.
9.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）阅读下面短文，根据其大意及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。(每空限填一词)
Ip Man(叶问, 1893—1972) was a master of WingChun(咏春拳). His eldest son Ip Chun is one of the most f___41___ Wing Chun teachers today.
In 1970, Liang Zhongwei learned from master Ip Chun and was in the first group of his students. To this day, the 70-year-old has been practising Wing Chun for more than 50 years.
“My master is a cultured man. He taught me some basic s___42___ in detail” said Liang. From then on, Liang would practise Wing Chun every day. For example, it took him three hours a day to do the horse-riding stance and strike a wooden dummy.
It’s easy for beginners to get started with Wing Chun. But to move to a higher level, Liang thinks the key is relaxing. People can’t give a good punch(出拳) if they are too n___43___.
In the 1990s, Liang worked h___44___ to teach Wing Chun. He has taught more than 5,000 people in over 30 kung fu clubs across the country. His students come from different walks of life.
Liang e___45___ everyone to practise Wing Chun. He thinks learning it is not just about fighting. People can take it as a hobby or as a way to exercise.
10.（2023·广东广州·广州大学附属中学统考一模）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空只写一词。
Students in our school are free to choose some special courses according to their i____46____. First of all, the football course is the best c____47____ if you like playing football. When you play football, you can take regular exercise and build up your body. At the same time, playing football can d____48____ your teamwork spirit because you can learn how to help each other. What’s more, if you like science, you’d better choose model making course. When you make some models, you can l____49____ more about the science. In my opinion, we should have a reading course as well, because we can learn plenty of k____50____ from books. If we read more books, we will become more open-minded.
11.（2023·广东广州·华南师大附中校考一模）根据短文意思及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词，使其意思通顺、语法正确。(每空限填一词)
There are many kinds of pollution around us, such as air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and light pollution. They are bad for our h____51____ in many ways.
Burning gas, oil and coal creates air pollution. People may have t____52____ breathing in spring in the north of China. People throw away mountains of rubbish everywhere, which makes our environment very dirty. Noise pollution sometimes can make people d____53____ so some people may lose their hearing. Working for a long time in strong, changeable light may c____54____ some kinds of illnesses. It may make people feel terrible and is especially bad for the eyes.
Therefore, it is necessary for us to a____55____ polluting the Earth so that our planet will become greener and we can live a better life.
12.（2023·广东广州·中山大学附属中学校考一模）根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。（每空限填一词）
Earthquakes are one of the most deadly natural d___56___ in the world. They happen more frequently than you would e___57___. In the 24 hours after you read this, 400 to 500 earthquakes will shake the Earth. You won’t n___58___ most of them because you live in a relatively stable（相对稳定的）area or the quake is too far away or because the quake will be too small to be aware of. Earthquakes are c___59___ by sudden breaks in rock masses（岩体）deep in the Earth. Rock masses are always under very high pressure. If the p___60___ in a certain area becomes too much and the rock masses break, an earthquake happens. But exactly when the rock masses reach the breaking point is a mystery. China is located on the Eurasia plate, where earthquakes happen frequently due to the Earth’s plates knocking against each other.
13.（2023·广东广州·模拟预测）根据短文的内容及首字母提示写出文中所缺单词。
You’ll soon finish junior high school and enter a new school. You may be c____61____ about the new environment. For example, you may feel unconfident about getting along with new people and making more friends. Here is some advice to help you leave your worries behind.
First, be confident. Spend some time thinking about your strong points. In this way, you will be able to build up confidence day by day and m____62____ to fit in with the new people and have a sense of belonging one day.
Second, taking part in group activities more o____63____ can help you make more friends. Try to go out to play with others whenever you can to develop friendship.
Third, try to smile more. A pleasant smile costs the least but does the most. Smiling is a good h____64____ that can help you send both your friendship and love.
Finally, remember to be humorous and positive. People will like you for c____65____ them up.
14.（2023·广东广州·校联考一模）根据下列短文内容及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。要求写出完整单词(每空限填一词)。
Margaret Porter is a music teacher who teaches violin. Her students have group lessons. Each group has about ten students and each lesson t___66___ an hour. In addition, each student has one p___67___ lesson a week with her so that she can know more about them. Parents also have to attend the classes. It is important that the parents also show their i___68___ in the lessons and enjoy the time with their children.
From the earliest lessons, students learn to play by ear. They don’t e___69___ try to read music until they have played for several years. Margaret says that her method is not supposed to produce great violinists. She s___70___ that students who perform really well should leave and study the violin using more traditional methods.
15.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
Readers is a popular TV show. It invites d ____71____ people to read aloud on TV. It also tells moving stories about those people. They can read everything，like poems，books or letters. Many people are fans of the show. They have started to enjoy r____72____ aloud at home. The show also gives people a special reading pavilion （朗读亭） to read in it The pavilions are very s____73____ .Only one person can fit inside. There is a microphone and it records people’s voices. Anyone can read for three m____74____ inside the pavilion. The show then picks some of the readers and i____75____ them to read on TV.
“Reading should be just like singing and talking，”said the host of the show.“We can express our true feelings by reading aloud.”
16.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）根据语篇意思以及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答题卡时，要求写出完整单词。（每空限填一词）
Courage is often thought to be one of the i___76___ spirits everyone needs. It is the ability to do something difficult. One isn’t necessarily born with courage, but one is born with potential(潜力). Kids build courage as they are growing up.
Courage always stands side by side ___77___ fear. If there is no fear, there is no need for courage. That is to say, courage is the ability to do what makes you feel afraid. Courage doesn’t only mean great actions such as s___78___ one’s life or taking a big risk. Courage also means the smaller actions of our everyday lives. For example, we show courage when we raise our hands to answer some hard q___79___ during class or try some new sports.
Learning to fail is another important part of courage. When we become b___80___ enough to face failure, we’ll be more willing to try new things and try again after we fail.专题07：短文填空（首字母填空）
2023年广东省广州市11区中考英语一模及名校模拟试题分类汇编（解析版）
1.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）阅读短文, 根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式, 每空限填一词。答卷时, 要求写出完整单词。
Chinese people have been celebrating the Mid-Autumn Festival and enjoying mooncakes for centuries. Mooncakes are in the s____1____ of a full moon on the Mid-Autumn night. They carry people’s wishes to the families they love and miss.
Therc are many t____2____ folk stories about this festival. However, most people think that the story of Chang’e is the most touching. Chang’e was Hou Yi’s beautiful wife. After Hou Yi shot down the nine suns, a goddess gave him magic medicine to thank him. Whoever drank this could live forever, and Hou Yi planned to drink it with Chang’e. However, a bad man, Pang Meng, tried to s____3____ the medicine when Hou Yi was not home. Chang’e refused to give it to him and drank it all. She became very light and f____4____ up to the moon. Hou Yi was so sad that he called out her name to the moon every night. One night, he found that the moon was so b____5____ and round that he could see his wife there. He quickly laid out her favorite fruits and desserts in the garden. How he wished that Chang’e could come back!
【答案】1．(s)hape 2．(t)raditional 3．(s)teal 4．(f)lew 5．(b)right
【导语】本文主要介绍了中秋节的传说：嫦娥和后羿的故事。
1．句意：月饼是在中秋之夜圆月的形状。根据常识可知，月饼是圆月的形状，in the shape of“呈……的形状”，是固定短语，故填(s)hape。
2．句意：关于这个节日有许多传统的民间故事。空处修饰名词folk，应用形容词，结合“... folk stories about this festival”及首字母可知，此处指传统的民间故事，traditional“传统的”，故填(t)raditional。
3．句意：然而，一个叫庞孟的坏人试图在后羿不在家的时候偷走药。根据“a bad man”和“when Hou Yi was not home”及首字母可知，应是趁后羿不在家试图偷药，steal“偷”，try to do sth“试着做某事”，空格前有to，此空填动词原形，故填(s)teal。
4．句意：她变得非常轻并飞到月亮上。根据“became very light and ... up to the moon”及首字母可知，变轻后，应是飞上了月亮，fly“飞”，根据“became”，可知，此空也填动词过去式，故填(f)lew。
5．句意：一天晚上，他发现月亮又亮又圆，以至于他可以看到他的妻子在那里。根据“that he could see his wife there”及首字母可知，在夜晚能看到他的妻子在月亮上，说明月亮很明亮，bright“明亮的”，形容词作表语，故填(b)right。
2.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）根据短文及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，并注意使用适当形式。（每空限填一词）
Each different part of China has its own special forms of traditional art. These usually try to show the things that are important in life, such as love, beauty, and family.
Sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming. He sent them out to ask for help when in t____6____. Today, sky lanterns are used at f____7____ and other celebrations. They are m____8____ of bamboo and covered with paper. They are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good wishes.
Paper cutting has been around for over 1,500 years. Paper cutting sounds very easy but it can be d____9____ to do. The paper, usually red, is cut with scissors. The most common pictures are flowers, animals and things about Chinese history. They are put on windows, doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good l____10____ and a happy new year.
【答案】6．(t)rouble 7．(f)estivals 8．(m)ade 9．(d)ifficult 10．(l)uck
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了孔明灯和剪纸。
6．句意：他放孔明灯来寻求帮助。根据“to ask for help”可知，是在有麻烦的时候寻求帮助，in trouble“处于麻烦中”。故填(t)rouble。
7．句意：现在孔明灯被用在节日和别的庆典中。根据下文“other celebrations.”可知，和别的庆典并列的是节日。故填(f)estivals。
8．句意：它们是由竹子制成，上面覆盖纸。根据语境可知，此处描写孔明灯的制作，故可知此处应填“制作”，且they和make是被动关系，应用过去分词，和be动词are一起构成一般现在时被动语态。故填(m)ade。
9．句意：剪纸听起来很简单但是它也很难。根据“but”可知，前后为转折关系，easy对应difficult。故填(d)ifficult。
10．句意：他们被张贴在窗户上、门上和墙上，被当做希望好运和新年快乐的标志。根据“ a happy new year.”可知，剪纸象征着新年快乐和好运。故填(l)uck。
3.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。(每空限填一词）
What is generation gap (代沟) It’s the d____11____ between parents and children in tastes, values and the way they deal with problems. It is common all over the world.
Teenagers have a s____12____ wish for freedom. They want to wear cool clothes, have cool hairstyles and talk in a cool way. This d____13____ their parents mad because they have no idea what their children are thinking about. They may even feel embarrassed when they go out with their children. However, if parents don’t try to understand their children, young people may feel awful and begin to hate their f____14____.
To solve these problems, parents and children should sit down and talk about it. As the children g____15____ up, they will come to understand their parents, and they may feel ashamed of their strange behavior.
【答案】11．(d)ifference 12．(s)trong 13．(d)rives 14．(f)amily 15．(g)row
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了父母和孩子之间存在的代沟以及解决办法。
11．句意：代沟是父母和孩子间关于品味、价值观和处事方式的差异。此空跟在定冠词“the”后，因此需填名词，表达“A与B之间的不同”用the difference between A and B。故填(d)ifference。
12．句意：亲少年对自由有着强烈的欲望。根据“have a...wish for freedom”可知是有强烈的欲望，strong“强烈的”。故填(s)trong。
13．句意：这使他们的父母感到很头疼因为他们不知道他们的孩子究竟在想什么。根据“their parents mad”可知是使父母生气，表达“使某人生气”要用drive sb mad，句子用一般现在时，主语是This，谓语动词用单三。故填(d)rives。
14．句意：然而，如果父母不试着理解他们的孩子，年轻人可能感到很糟糕且会开始讨厌自己的家人。根据“parents don’t try to understand their children, young people may feel awful and begin to hate their”可知孩子们会讨厌自己的家人，their后加名词family“家人”。故填(f)amily。
15．句意：随着孩子们长大，他们会理解他们的父母并对他们奇怪的行为感到羞愧。根据“As the children...up”可知是随着孩子的长大，grow up“长大”，句子用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词用原形。故填(g)row。
4.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）阅读下面短文， 并根据短文大意及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。 在填写答卷时， 要求写出完整单词 （每空限填一词）。
One day, a stork（鹳）saw a beautiful ring. It belonged to a rabbit. The rabbit went inside his hole, leaving the ring outside. The stork decided to try it on w____16____ asking. However, when she tried to take the ring off, she f____17____. Since nobody saw her, the stork flew away, thinking she would find a way to return the ring.
The rabbit was very angry to find that the ring had been stolen. Soon, everyone in the forest started looking for the thief. The stork was so afraid that she hid the ring with bandage（绷带）on her claws and pretended that she had an accident. The rabbit w____18____ about the stork and suggested taking her to the hospital. The stork knew that if they did an X-ray, they would find the ring. So she went back home and took off the bandages and covered her claws in lead plates（铅板）so that the ring wouldn’t show up on the X-ray.
Feeling r____19____, the stork flew off to meet up with the rabbit. But because of the added w____20____, she was unable to fly. She fell like a heavy stone and landed on the poor rabbit. Soon, the other animals found the bandages, the lead and the ring. In one single morning, the stork lost all her friends.
【答案】16．(w)ithout 17．(f)ailed 18．(w)orried 19．(r)elaxed 20．(w)eight
【导语】本文主要讲述了一只鹳偷戴了兔子的戒指，但是却拿不下来戒指，所以她不得不编造一些谎话遮盖她的行为。
16．句意：鹳决定不经询问就试戴。根据“The rabbit was very angry to find that the ring had been stolen”可知兔子认为自己的戒指被偷了，所以鹳没有问兔子就自己试戴了戒指，without“没有”。故填(w)ithout。
17．句意：然而，当她试图摘下戒指时，她失败了。根据“the stork flew away, thinking she would find a way to return the ring.”可知她没有摘下来戒指，即她失败了，fail“失败”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(f)ailed。
18．句意：兔子很担心鹳，建议带她去医院。根据“about the stork and suggested taking her to the hospital”可知是担心鹳，所以要带她去医院，worry about“担心”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(w)orried。
19．句意：鹳感到很放松，于是飞走去迎接兔子。根据“ she went back home and took off the bandages and covered her claws in lead plates（铅板）so that the ring wouldn’t show up on the X-ray.”可知她放了铅板，认为这样戒指就不会出现在X光片上，所以这时她感到很放松，relaxed“感到放松的”。故填(r)elaxed。
20．句意：但由于增加的重量，她无法飞行。根据“she was unable to fly”可知她放了铅板，所以增加了重量，导致她不能飞行，weight“重量”，不可数名词。故填(w)eight。
5.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
Space Station Rice Tests Show Hope
Chinese astronauts have successfully grown a seedling rice seedlings on the Tiangong space station.
The rice experiment being done on Tiangong is the first of its kind. Its p____21____ is to produce the complete life cycle of the plant. The cycle begins with a seed and e____22____ with a mature plant producing new seeds.
China s____23____ the Wentian space lab into space on July 24, 2022. The space lab weighs 23,000 kg and is 17.9-metre tall. It is the b____24____ spacecraft in our country until now.
“If we want to land on and explore Mars, food brought from the Earth is not enough for the astronauts’ long journey in space. We have to find methods to stay a____25____ from hunger during the space explorations.” said Zheng Huiqiong, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
【答案】21．(p)urpose 22．(e)nds 23．(s)ent 24．(b)iggest 25．(a)way
【导语】本文主要讲空间站水稻试验显示希望。
21．句意：其目的是产生植物的完整生命周期。根据“to produce the complete life cycle of the plant”可知这是实验的目的，purpose“目的”，is前用单数。故填(p)urpose。
22．句意：这个周期从一个种子开始，到一个成熟的植物产生新的种子结束。根据“The cycle begins with a seed”可知周期有开始有结束，end with“以……结束”，and连接并列谓语，与begins一致用第三人称单数形式。故填(e)nds。
23．句意：2022年7月24日，中国将问天空间实验室送入太空。根据“China s... the Wentian space lab into space on July 24, 2022.”可知是送入太空，send ... into ...“把……送入……”，结合“on July 24, 2022”可知用一般过去时，send的过去式sent。故填(s)ent。
24．句意：它是迄今为止我国最大的航天器。根据“in our country until now”可知the后用形容词最高级作定语，结合“The space lab weighs 23,000 kg and is 17.9-metre tall.”及首字母b可推出是最大的，用biggest。故填(b)iggest。
25．句意：在太空探索中，我们必须找到远离饥饿的方法。stay away from“远离”。故填(a)way。
6.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）People love soccer all over the world. Nowadays, our country is taking a____26____ to get soccer games to enter schools. For the activity “Soccer Enters School”, different people have different opinions. Some people think this activity is good for students as it helps them cancel out s____27____. In addition, it can help students d____28____ the spirit of teamwork. Especially for some students, they may have a chance to become professional soccer players and take part in i____29____ soccer matches. Other people think this activity may take up plenty of time of students. This can r____30____ in some problems in study. Sometimes it’s dangerous because they may hurt themselves while playing soccer. It is true that every coin has two sides.
【答案】26．(a)ction 27．(s)tress 28．(d)evelop 29．(i)nternational 30．(r)esult
【导语】本文介绍了足球进入学校，对此不同的人有不同的看法。
26．句意：如今，我国正在采取行动，让足球运动进入学校。根据“Nowadays, our country is taking...to get soccer games to enter schools”和首字母可知，是指固定表达take action“采取行动”，故填(a)ction。
27．句意：有些人认为这项活动对学生有好处，因为它可以帮助他们消除压力。根据“Some people think this activity is good for students”可知，这项活动对学生有好处，帮助学生消除压力，stress“压力”，是不可数名词，故填(s)tress。
28．句意：此外，它可以帮助学生培养团队合作精神。根据“it can help students...the spirit of teamwork.”可知，是指培养团队合作精神。develop“发展”，动词，help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，故填(d)evelop。
29．句意：特别是对一些学生来说，他们可能有机会成为职业足球运动员，参加国际足球比赛。根据“become professional soccer players and take part in...soccer matches”可知，职业足球运动员可以参加国际足球比赛。international“国际的”，是形容词，故填(i)nternational。
30．句意：这可能会导致学习上的一些问题。根据“Other people think this activity may take up plenty of time of students”可知，另一些人认为这项活动可能会占用学生大量的时间，可能会导致学习上的一些问题。result in“导致”，情态动词can后加动词原形。故填(r)esult。
7.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）阅读短文，根据上下文及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
Anger is a kind of feeling. Many things can make you angry. When your teacher gives you too much homework, when your team l___31___ an important game, when a friend borrows your f___32___ toy and then breaks it, you may get angry.
It’s normal of you to get angry sometimes. But it’s not good to h___33___ your anger always. So just express it. When you get angry, you can talk about it with adults, such as parents, teachers, etc. After doing this, you’ll find those bad feelings start to go away. Here are some other things you can do when you start to feel angry: c___34___ from 1 to 100, give someone a hug, go for a bike ride, think about good things, etc.
Remember that when you are angry, how you act can make everything b___35___ or worse. Don’t let your anger control you.
【答案】31．(l)oses 32．(f)avourite/(f)avorite 33．(h)ide 34．(c)ount 35．(b)etter
【导语】本文主要介绍了生气的原因、表现以及解决方法。
31．句意：当你的老师给你太多的家庭作业，当你的团队输掉一场重要的比赛，当一个朋友借了你最喜欢的玩具然后把它弄坏时，你可能会生气。根据“your team...an important game”可知是团队输掉比赛的时候也会生气，lose“输”，根据“When your teacher gives...”可知句子用一般现在时，主语是your team，谓语动词用单三。故填(l)oses。
32．句意：当你的老师给你太多的家庭作业，当你的团队输掉一场重要的比赛，当一个朋友借了你最喜欢的玩具然后把它弄坏时，你可能会生气。根据“borrows your...toy”可知是最喜欢的玩具，favourite/favorite“最喜欢的”。故填(f)avourite/(f)avorite。
33．句意：但是总是隐藏你的愤怒是不好的。根据“So just express it”可知要表达自己的愤怒，所以不要隐藏愤怒，hide“隐藏”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(h)ide。
34．句意：当你开始感到愤怒时，你可以做一些其他的事情：从1到100数数，给别人一个拥抱，去骑自行车，想想好的事情，等等。根据“from 1 to 100”可知是从1数到100，count“数数”，根据“give...”可知此处用动词原形。故填(c)ount。
35．句意：记住，当你生气的时候，你的行为会让一切变得更好或更糟。根据“make everything...or worse”可知是让事情变得更好或更糟糕，用比较级better“更好”。故填(b)etter。
8.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）根据下面短文及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。(每空限填一词)
Not long ago, I made a decision to read a lot of books. So I went to the library and (46) b___36___ several books. But weeks later, I found that the idea of finishing all of them seemed impossible. It’s (47) d___37___ for me to keep calm and read a whole book. I didn’t know what to do with it. Then one day I thought, “Why not make reading meaningful ” Reading is a joumey of spirit. When we read a book, we are talking with the writer. We can feel all of his or her happiness and sufferings. Now books have become a (48)p___38___ of my life.
Someone once said, “(49) A___39___ sometimes the situation is bad, people still have a chance to choose our own way.” So, don’t complain about study or work. Try to be poitive and look on the (50) b___40___ side of life. This will improve the situation and help you a lot.
【答案】36．(b)orrowed 37．(d)ifficult 38．(p)art 39．(A)lthough 40．(b)etter
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者下决心读书以及从中得到的启发。
36．句意：于是我去图书馆借了几本书。根据“went to the library”可知是去了图书馆，结合首字母，应用borrow表示“借入”，句子时态是一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式。故填(b)orrowed。
37．句意：我很难保持冷静并阅读一整本书。根据“ I found that the idea of finishing all of them seemed impossible.”可知我发现完成所有这些的想法似乎是不可能的，结合首字母，应用difficult表示“困难的”。故填(d)ifficult.
38．句意：现在，书籍已经成为我生活的一部分。短语a part of表示“……的一部分”。故填(p)art。
39．句意：虽然有时情况很糟糕，但人们仍然有机会选择我们自己的方式。句中前后是转折让步关系，结合首字母，应用although引导让步状语从句。故填(A)lthough。
40．句意：试着保持冷静，看看生活的美好一面。根据“This will improve the situation and help you a lot.”可知这将改善情况并对您有很大帮助，结合首字母，应用better表示“更好的”。故填(b)etter。
9.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）阅读下面短文，根据其大意及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。(每空限填一词)
Ip Man(叶问, 1893—1972) was a master of WingChun(咏春拳). His eldest son Ip Chun is one of the most f___41___ Wing Chun teachers today.
In 1970, Liang Zhongwei learned from master Ip Chun and was in the first group of his students. To this day, the 70-year-old has been practising Wing Chun for more than 50 years.
“My master is a cultured man. He taught me some basic s___42___ in detail” said Liang. From then on, Liang would practise Wing Chun every day. For example, it took him three hours a day to do the horse-riding stance and strike a wooden dummy.
It’s easy for beginners to get started with Wing Chun. But to move to a higher level, Liang thinks the key is relaxing. People can’t give a good punch(出拳) if they are too n___43___.
In the 1990s, Liang worked h___44___ to teach Wing Chun. He has taught more than 5,000 people in over 30 kung fu clubs across the country. His students come from different walks of life.
Liang e___45___ everyone to practise Wing Chun. He thinks learning it is not just about fighting. People can take it as a hobby or as a way to exercise.
【答案】41．(f)amous 42．(s)kills 43．(n)ervous 44．(h)ard 45．(e)ncourages
【导语】本文主要介绍梁忠威和咏春拳的故事。
41．句意：他的长子叶准是当今最著名的咏春拳老师之一。根据“His eldest son Ip Chun is one of the most f...Wing Chun teachers today.”可知，叶准是当今最著名的咏春拳老师之一，famous“著名的”符合语境，故填(f)amous。
42．句意：他详细地教了我一些基本技能。根据“He taught me some basic s...in detail”可知，叶准老师教梁忠威一些基本技能，skill“技能、技巧”符合语境，some修饰可数名词复数。故填(s)kills。
43．句意：人们如果太紧张，就打不出好拳。根据“People can’t give a good punch(出拳) if they are too n...”可知，太紧张就打不出好拳，nervous“紧张的”，在句中作表语。故填(n)ervous。
44．句意：在20世纪90年代，梁努力教咏春拳。根据“Liang worked h...to teach Wing Chun”可知，梁努力教咏春拳，work hard“努力工作”。故填(h)ard。
45．句意：梁鼓励大家练习咏春。根据“Liang e...everyone to practise Wing Chun.”可知，梁鼓励大家练习咏春，encourage“鼓励”，时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单。故填(e)ncourages。
10.（2023·广东广州·广州大学附属中学统考一模）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空只写一词。
Students in our school are free to choose some special courses according to their i____46____. First of all, the football course is the best c____47____ if you like playing football. When you play football, you can take regular exercise and build up your body. At the same time, playing football can d____48____ your teamwork spirit because you can learn how to help each other. What’s more, if you like science, you’d better choose model making course. When you make some models, you can l____49____ more about the science. In my opinion, we should have a reading course as well, because we can learn plenty of k____50____ from books. If we read more books, we will become more open-minded.
【答案】46．(i)nterest/(i)nterests 47．(c)hoice 48．(d)evelop 49．(l)earn 50．(k)nowledge
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者所在学校的学生可以根据自己的兴趣爱好选择一些特殊课程。
46．句意：我们学校的学生可以根据自己的兴趣自由选择一些特殊的课程。根据下文“if you like playing football ...”和“if you like science ...”可知，此处指可以根据兴趣选择一些特殊的课程；interest“兴趣”，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。故填(i)nterest(s)。
47．句意：首先，如果你喜欢踢足球，足球课程是最好的选择。根据“if you like playing football”及首字母可知，此处指足球课程是最好的选择；choice“选择”，符合语境。故填(c)hoice。
48．句意：同时，踢足球可以培养你的团队精神，因为你可以学习如何互相帮助。根据“you can learn how to help each other”可知，踢足球可以培养你的团队精神；develop“培养，发展”，符合语境；空前的“can”是情态动词，故此处用动词原形。故填(d)evelop。
49．句意：当你做一些模型时，你可以学到更多的科学知识。根据“When you make some models, you can ... more about the science.”及首字母可知，此处指学到更多的科学知识；learn“学习”，符合语境；空前的“can”是情态动词，故此处用动词原形。故填(l)earn。
50．句意：在我看来，我们也应该有一个阅读课程，因为我们可以从书中学到很多知识。根据“we can learn plenty of ... from books”及首字母可知，此处指我们可以从书中学到很多知识；knowledge“知识”，不可数名词。故填(k)nowledge。
11.（2023·广东广州·华南师大附中校考一模）根据短文意思及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词，使其意思通顺、语法正确。(每空限填一词)
There are many kinds of pollution around us, such as air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and light pollution. They are bad for our h____51____ in many ways.
Burning gas, oil and coal creates air pollution. People may have t____52____ breathing in spring in the north of China. People throw away mountains of rubbish everywhere, which makes our environment very dirty. Noise pollution sometimes can make people d____53____ so some people may lose their hearing. Working for a long time in strong, changeable light may c____54____ some kinds of illnesses. It may make people feel terrible and is especially bad for the eyes.
Therefore, it is necessary for us to a____55____ polluting the Earth so that our planet will become greener and we can live a better life.
【答案】51．(h)ealth 52．(t)rouble 53．(d)eaf 54．(c)ause 55．(a)void
【导语】本文主要介绍了地球上存在的各种污染对人类身体造成的危害，我们应该杜绝污染，保护环境。
51．句意：它们在很多方面对我们的健康有害。根据“They are bad for our…in many ways.”及首字母可知，此处指环境污染对人的健康有害。health“健康”，不可数名词，作介词宾语。故填(h)ealth。
52．句意：在中国北方，春天人们可能会呼吸困难。根据“People may have…breathing in spring”及首字母可知，此处是have trouble doing sth.“做某事有困难”。故填(t)rouble。
53．句意：噪音污染有时会使人失聪，因此有些人可能会失去听力。根据“so some people may lose their hearing”及首字母可知，此处指噪音污染会让人失聪。deaf“聋的，失聪的”，形容词，作宾补。故填(d)eaf。
54．句意：长时间在强烈多变的光线下工作可能会导致某些疾病。根据“Working for a long time in strong, changeable light may…some kinds of illnesses.”及首字母可知，此处指长时间在强光下工作会引起多种疾病。cause“引起”，动词，情态动词may后用其原形。故填(c)ause。
55．句意：因此，我们有必要避免污染地球，这样我们的星球才会变得更环保，我们才能过上更好的生活。根据“it is necessary for us to…polluting the Earth”及首字母可知，此处是避免污染地球。avoid“避免”，动词，此处是不定式作主语，故用其原形。故填(a)void。
12.（2023·广东广州·中山大学附属中学校考一模）根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。（每空限填一词）
Earthquakes are one of the most deadly natural d___56___ in the world. They happen more frequently than you would e___57___. In the 24 hours after you read this, 400 to 500 earthquakes will shake the Earth. You won’t n___58___ most of them because you live in a relatively stable（相对稳定的）area or the quake is too far away or because the quake will be too small to be aware of. Earthquakes are c___59___ by sudden breaks in rock masses（岩体）deep in the Earth. Rock masses are always under very high pressure. If the p___60___ in a certain area becomes too much and the rock masses break, an earthquake happens. But exactly when the rock masses reach the breaking point is a mystery. China is located on the Eurasia plate, where earthquakes happen frequently due to the Earth’s plates knocking against each other.
【答案】56．(d)isasters 57．(e)xpect 58．(n)otice 59．(c)aused 60．(p)ressure
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地震的形成原因。
56．句意：地震是世界上最致命的自然灾害之一。根据“Earthquakes are one of the most deadly natural…in the world.”可知，此处指地震是一种自然灾害。disaster“灾害”，可数名词，此处是one of the+最高级+名词复数，故用其复数形式。故填(d)isasters。
57．句意：它们发生的频率比你预期的要高。根据“They happen more frequently than you would…”可知，此处指地震频率比人们预期要高。expect“预期”，动词，助动词would后用其原形。故填(e)xpect。
58．句意：你不会注意到它们中的大多数，因为你住在一个相对稳定的地区，或者地震太远，或者因为地震太小而无法察觉。根据“you live in a relatively stable（相对稳定的）area or the quake is too far away or because the quake will be too small to be aware of”可知，此处指因为距离震区太远或地震规模小等原因，人们通常不会注意到地震。notice“注意”，动词，助动词won’t后用其原形。故填(n)otice。
59．句意：地震是由地球深处的岩体突然破裂引起的。根据“Earthquakes are…by sudden breaks in rock masses（岩体）deep in the Earth.”可知，此处指地震是由什么引起的。cause“引起”，动词，此处是被动语态，故用其过去分词。故填(c)aused。
60．句意：如果某个地区的压力太大，岩体破裂，就会发生地震。根据“Rock masses are always under very high pressure.”可知，此处指地震的形成过程，地区压力过大会导致地震发生。pressure“压力”，不可数名词。故填(p)ressure。
13.（2023·广东广州·模拟预测）根据短文的内容及首字母提示写出文中所缺单词。
You’ll soon finish junior high school and enter a new school. You may be c____61____ about the new environment. For example, you may feel unconfident about getting along with new people and making more friends. Here is some advice to help you leave your worries behind.
First, be confident. Spend some time thinking about your strong points. In this way, you will be able to build up confidence day by day and m____62____ to fit in with the new people and have a sense of belonging one day.
Second, taking part in group activities more o____63____ can help you make more friends. Try to go out to play with others whenever you can to develop friendship.
Third, try to smile more. A pleasant smile costs the least but does the most. Smiling is a good h____64____ that can help you send both your friendship and love.
Finally, remember to be humorous and positive. People will like you for c____65____ them up.
【答案】61．(c)oncerned 62．(m)anage 63．(o)ften 64．(h)abit/(h)elper 65．(c)heering
【导语】本文是给初三学生更好适应高中生活提出的建议。
61．句意：你可能关心新环境。根据“You may be…about the new environment.”以及所给首字母可知，此处应是be concerned about“关心”，故填(c)oncerned。
62．句意：通过这种方式，你将能够一天比一天建立信心，并设法适应新的人，有一天会有归属感。根据“and…to fit in with the new people”以及所给首字母可知，此处应是manage to do“设法做某事”，故填(m)anage。
63．句意：经常参加集体活动可以帮助你结交更多的朋友。根据“taking part in group activities more…can help you make more friends.”可知此句中主谓宾成分齐全，故要用副词。结合所给首字母可知要用often“经常”，故填(o)ften。
64．句意：微笑是一个好习惯，可以帮助你传递友谊和爱。根据“Smiling is a good…”可知此处应填名词，结合所给首字母可知，应填habit“习惯”，或helper“帮手”。故填(h)abit/(h)elper。
65．句意：人们会喜欢你为他们加油。根据“for…them up.”可知此处是cheer up“鼓舞”，for是介词，后面要加doing，故填(c)heering。
14.（2023·广东广州·校联考一模）根据下列短文内容及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。要求写出完整单词(每空限填一词)。
Margaret Porter is a music teacher who teaches violin. Her students have group lessons. Each group has about ten students and each lesson t___66___ an hour. In addition, each student has one p___67___ lesson a week with her so that she can know more about them. Parents also have to attend the classes. It is important that the parents also show their i___68___ in the lessons and enjoy the time with their children.
From the earliest lessons, students learn to play by ear. They don’t e___69___ try to read music until they have played for several years. Margaret says that her method is not supposed to produce great violinists. She s___70___ that students who perform really well should leave and study the violin using more traditional methods.
【答案】66．(t)akes 67．(p)ersonal 68．(i)nterests 69．(e)ven 70．(s)uggests
【导语】本文主要讲解了玛格丽特老师教音乐的方法。
66．句意：每小组有10个学生，每节课大概花费1个小时。根据句意可知这里表示“花费”的意思，结合首字母提示，可知“take”符合语境，主语是“each lesson”，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填(t)akes。
67．句意：除此之外，每个学生每周有个私人的和玛格丽特老师单独上课的时间。根据“so that she can know more about them.”可知，是一对一的私人课程，以便加深了解。结合首字母可知填personal。故填(p)ersonal。
68．句意：父母也展示出对课程的兴趣也很重要。根据“enjoy the time with their children.”可知，父母的参与也很重要，要享受亲子时光，展示兴趣。结合首字母，兴趣的表达是“interest”，因为是他们的兴趣，用复数。故填(i)nterests。
69．句意：他们甚至直到已经玩几年音乐才会开始去读乐谱。根据“students learn to play by ear.”可知，他们是用耳朵学习，和下一句是递进关系，结合首字母。故填(e)ven。
70．句意：她建议那些真正弹得好学生应该离开然后学习使用更传统的方法。根据“Margaret says that her method is not supposed to produce great violinists. ”可知，玛格丽特老师不是为了生产伟大的小提琴家，而是建议他们用更传统的方法学习。结合人称“she”和首字母提示。故填(s)uggests。
15.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
Readers is a popular TV show. It invites d ____71____ people to read aloud on TV. It also tells moving stories about those people. They can read everything，like poems，books or letters. Many people are fans of the show. They have started to enjoy r____72____ aloud at home. The show also gives people a special reading pavilion （朗读亭） to read in it The pavilions are very s____73____ .Only one person can fit inside. There is a microphone and it records people’s voices. Anyone can read for three m____74____ inside the pavilion. The show then picks some of the readers and i____75____ them to read on TV.
“Reading should be just like singing and talking，”said the host of the show.“We can express our true feelings by reading aloud.”
【答案】71．(d)ifferent 72．(r)eading 73．(s)mall 74．(m)inutes 75．(i)nvites
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个受欢迎的电视节目《朗读者》。
71．句意：它邀请不同的人到舞台上大声朗读。根据句子结构分析，此处应填形容词修饰people，由句意及首字母可知，填different表示“不同的”。故填(d)ifferent。
72．句意：他们开始喜欢在家大声朗读。enjoy后跟doing作宾语，表达“喜欢做……”，根据句意及首字母可知，此处用reading表达“喜欢阅读”。故填(r)eading。
73．句意：这些朗读亭非常小。根据后文“Only one person can fit inside.”可推测这些朗读亭是小的，由首字母可知，形容词small表“小的”。故填(s)mall。
74．句意：任何人都可以在朗读亭阅读三分钟。for+一段时间，表示持续了多久，根据语境及首字母可推测，此处表达“三分钟”，应用复数形式minutes。故填(m)inutes。
75．句意：该节目挑选一些读者，邀请他们在电视上阅读。结合句意和首字母用动词invite表达“邀请”， and连接两个并列动作，形式上要保持一致，结合picks用第三人称单数。故填(i)nvites。
16.（2023·广东广州·统考一模）根据语篇意思以及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答题卡时，要求写出完整单词。（每空限填一词）
Courage is often thought to be one of the i___76___ spirits everyone needs. It is the ability to do something difficult. One isn’t necessarily born with courage, but one is born with potential(潜力). Kids build courage as they are growing up.
Courage always stands side by side ___77___ fear. If there is no fear, there is no need for courage. That is to say, courage is the ability to do what makes you feel afraid. Courage doesn’t only mean great actions such as s___78___ one’s life or taking a big risk. Courage also means the smaller actions of our everyday lives. For example, we show courage when we raise our hands to answer some hard q___79___ during class or try some new sports.
Learning to fail is another important part of courage. When we become b___80___ enough to face failure, we’ll be more willing to try new things and try again after we fail.
【答案】76．(i)mportant 77．with 78．(s)aving 79．(q)uestions 80．(b)rave
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍了勇气是我们面对困难的能力，勇气与恐惧是并存的，学会面对失败也是勇气的一部分。
76．句意：勇气通常被认为是每个人都需要的重要精神之一。根据“It is the ability to do something difficult.”可知，勇气是做一些困难事情的能力。由此可知，勇气是重要的精神之一，important“重要的”，故填(i)mportant。
77．句意：勇气总是与恐惧同时存在。根据“If there is no fear, there is no need for courage.”可知，如果没有恐惧，就不需要勇气。由此可知勇气与恐惧同时存在。side by side with...“与……并肩、与……同时”，故填with。
78．句意：勇气不仅仅意味着伟大的行动，比如拯救某人的生命或冒很大的风险。根据“great actions such as...one’s life or taking a big risk”可知，拯救生命或冒险这样的伟大行动，save one’s life“拯救某人的生命”，且such as后加动名词，故填(s)aving。
79．句意：例如，当我们在课堂上举手回答一些难题或尝试一些新的运动时，我们会表现出勇气。根据“answer some hard...during class”可知，在课堂上回答问题。some后加可数名词复数，answer questions“回答问题”，故填(q)uestions。
80．句意：当我们变得足够勇敢面对失败时，我们会更愿意尝试新事物，并在失败后再试一次。根据“Learning to fail is another important part of courage.”可知，学会失败也是勇气的一部分，由此可知，要足够勇敢面对失败，brave“勇敢的”，故填(b)rave。

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