资源简介

2023年江苏省南京市、盐城市高考二模试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Intro
Our Online Chinese Summer Camp program is a wonderful，immersive online Chinese learning experience specifically designed for learning Chinese remotely.
Suitable Age
Kids aged 10 to 16
Camp Content
Interactive Chinese lessons，cultural activities and virtual trips
Schedule
Monday to Friday
The class time is scheduled according to different time zones.
Camp Levels
Online Chinese Camp is divided into 2 levels — Non-Native Chinese Camp for beginner to intermediate levels and Chinese Camp for intermediate to advanced levels.
Non-Native Chinese Campfor Kids from non-native Chinese families Chinese Campfor Kids from native Chinese families
REQUIREMENTS
No Chinese language experience needed
No Chinese language exposure in everyday life Chinese language experience in a native Chinese-speaking family
CONTENT
√ Fun and interactive online lessons and activities to raise the interest in learning Chinese
√ Introduction to Chinese characters with stories and pictures
√ Develop practical communicating skills
√ Basic conversations in Chinese
√ Project-based cultural activities to increase understanding of Chinese culture √ Fun and interactive online lessons to improve 4 language skills — Listening，Speaking，Reading & Writing
√ Intermediate conversations in Chinese through various cultural and language activities
√ More advanced lessons to increase Chinese vocabulary
√ Project-based cultural activities to deepen the understanding of Chinese culture
Ready to Sign Up？Contact us （ www.） and we will be happy to answer your questions and help you choose the right camp.Don't forget to ask us about early bird price!
1. What is the text？ ______
A. A course review. B. A commercial ad.
C. An academic article. D. An activity schedule.
2. What can kids do in Chinese Camp？ ______
A. Improve integrated Chinese sills.
B. Make up basic Chinese dialogues.
C. Learn characters through fun stories.
D. Prepare for advanced vocabulary tests.
3. What can we learn about the program？ ______
A. It involves skills for camping trips.
B. It offers a discount if you book earlier.
C. It has a fixed timetable regardless of time zones.
D. It includes off-line interactive activities in China.
B
In southeastern Brazil，local fishers walk into dark waters in search of mullet （鲻鱼） On their own，it would be tricky to find the silvery fish.But the humans get help from an unusual partner：wild bottlenose dolphins.
With nets in hand，the fishers patiently wait as their cetacean （鲸类的） partners drive the fish toward the shore.A signal from the dolphins—usually a deep dive—indicates when they should cast their nets.This fishing partnership has passed down through the generations，lasting for more than a century.
While researchers knew humans profited from this pairing，they couldn't confirm whether it benefited the dolphins.Now，in a new study in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences，researchers suggest cetaceans that hunt with humans have more chances to live than those that don't.
"Human-wildlife cooperation in general is a rare phenomenon at a global scale." says Mauricio Cantor，a biologist at Oregon State University and leader of the study. "Usually humans gain the benefit，and nature pays the cost.But this interaction has been happening for over 150 years."
Fishers were more successful when they worked with the dolphins.When dolphins were present，the fishers were 17 times more likely to catch prey （猎物） and netted nearly four times more mullet when they timed their casting with the cetaceans' signals.Eighty-six percent of all 4.955 mullet caught during the study period came from "synchronous （同时的） interactions"—when the allies organized their actions perfectly with one another.
The study also revealed dolphins hunting with humans had a 13 percent increase in survival rate over other dolphins.These cooperative dolphins are more likely to stay near the shore，reducing their chance of entanglement （缠绕） in illegal fishing equipment.Besides，the dolphins can take some fish directly from the fishers' harvest.
4. What do the first two paragraphs talk about concerning Brazilian fishers？ ______
A. They trick dolphins into fishing for them.
B. They harvest more fish with dolphins' help.
C. They have been training dolphins over a century.
D. They cast the fishing nets when dolphins surface.
5. What does Mauricio Cantor's research show？ ______
A. Nature favors human beings at a huge cost.
B. Fishers benefit from cooperating with cetaceans.
C. Human-wildlife interaction is a new global trend.
D. Dolphins working with man have higher survival rate.
6. What does the underlined word "allies" refer to in paragraph 5？ ______
A. Prey. B. Mullet. C. Partners. D. Researchers.
7. What's the author's main purpose in writing the text？ ______
A. To appeal for the protection of sea creatures.
B. To show a unique human-dolphin relationship.
C. To applaud for development in fishing research.
D. To encourage fishers to better draw on dolphins.
C
When reading，my mother likes to slice a paragraph or a sentence out and attach it to the wall of her kitchen.She picks boring sentences that puzzle me.But I prefer copying favorite bright lines into a journal in soft，gray No.2 pencil，word by word.
She doesn't know any of this.There's nothing shocking：for our chatting.we seldom begin certain conversations though we talk on the phone weekly，sometimes making each other laugh so hard that I choke and she cries.But what we don't say could fill up rooms.Fights with my father.Small failures in school.Anything that really upsets us.
My mother has never told me "I love you，Lisa."—as if the four-word absence explains who I am—so I carry it with me，like a label on me.The last time she almost spoke the words was two years ago，when she called to tell me a friend had been in hospital.I said， "I love you，Mom." She stopped for a while and then said， "Thank you." I haven't said it since，but I've wondered why my mother doesn't until I've found a poem that supplies words for the blank spaces I try to understand in our conversations：
Don't fill up on bread.I say absent-mindedly.The servings here are huge.
My son，middle-aged，says：Did you really just say that to me？
What he doesn't know is that when we're walking together，I desire to reach for his hand.
It's humble，yet heartbreaking.After copying it down in my journal，I emailed it to mom，adding "This poem makes me think of you." My mother doesn't read poetry—or at least，she doesn't tell me，and I felt nervous clicking "Send".
She never mentioned the poem.But the next time I went home for vacation，I noticed something new in the kitchen fixed to an antique board：the poem.The board hung above the heater，the warmest spot in the kitchen.The poem still hangs there.Neither my mother nor I have ever spoken about it.
8. What's the function of paragraph 1？ ______
A. To stress the theme. B. To establish the setting.
C. To represent the characters. D. To create the atmosphere.
9. Which of the following best describes the mother daughter relationship？ ______
A. Shaky. B. Distant. C. Reserved. D. Intense.
10. Why did the author send the poem to her mom？ ______
A. It reminded her of mom's love.
B. She wanted to apologize to mom.
C. It suited mom's taste of literature.
D. She needed an interpretation from mom.
11. What does the poem mean to mom？ ______
A. A memory of golden days.
B. Daughter's gratefulness to her.
C. A decoration in the plain kitchen.
D. Daughter's understanding of her.
D
Among my friends，one topic seems to dominate our conversations：bones.It makes sense，given that 20 percent of American women over 50 have osteoporosis （骨质疏松） and that more than half have bone loss.For men，the figures are lower：4 percent and a third.Worldwide，one out of three women over 50 and one out of five older men will develop a fracture （骨折）.Another reason for the endless argument about bone problems is mass confusion over how best to strengthen your bones and whether diet really makes a difference.
Diet research is always messy，and study results on nutrition and bone health haven't been consistent. But gradually some clarity is emerging. As we draw up resolutions for what to eat，it's useful to look at new data on vitamin D.Calcium is the key clement for building bones，and vitamin D helps to absorb calcium from the food we cat，so doctors often recommend D supplements （补充剂） to make up for age-related bone loss.
But a recent study found that taking D supplements for five years did not reduce the rate of fractures in seniors.That result built on earlier findings，led by the same team，that these supplements do not improve bone density （密度）. "Food and sun exposure likely provide enough vitamin D for healthy adults，" says Meryl LeBoff，who led the study.
What does help maintain strong bones for all of us？The easy answer is food high in calcium，such as milk and tofu.Getting it from food is best，LeBoff says， "because there are so many other nutrients （营养物质），and you have a more continuous absorption than with D supplements."
The other key element of bone health involves calories out rather than calories in.Weight-bearing exercise stimulates bone formation throughout life.So while focusing on better nutritional choices，add more exercise to your daily menu.
12. What do the statistics in paragraph 1 emphasize？ ______
A. The seriousness of bone problems.
B. The concern about senior citizens.
C. The confusion about strengthening bones.
D. The importance of having a balanced diet.
13. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 imply？ ______
A. Diet research is no longer a challenge.
B. We've made resolutions to study diets.
C. Findings on bone health prove to be similar.
D. We begin to agree on ways to keep bones healthy.
14. What can be inferred from the recent study？ ______
A. People can absorb vitamin D in food easily.
B. The findings go against LeBoffs earlier ones.
C. D supplements play a minor role than expected.
D. Fractures are linked with weight-bearing exercise.
15. What is a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. A recipe for better bones B. Your bones cry!
C. The magic of D supplements D. Vitamin D wins!
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
There's a lot to cope with when you go off to university. （1） ______ For most students，a completely new environment is waiting to be explored.
We recently drove our daughter Evie 150 miles to start life as a fresher.It was a struggle to find the car park，let alone explore the huge campus.Although we knew she had flatmates and phone apps to get her to fit in，the challenge ahead was clear—to find her way in an unfamiliar world. （2） ______
In a recent study，volunteers walked around a virtual forest environment.Then some of them took the same walk again，while others explored a different forest.（3） ______ According to the researchers，that was because exploring the new environment stimulated their dopamine （多巴胺） system—setting up their brains for memorizing things.Thus，they scored higher.
So leaving home to study makes perfect sense. （4） ______ But we may all be able to gain some of the benefits，even if it's just by stimulating our senses and challenging our thinking skills.Here are three things to try：
◆ Go somewhere new to tackle an upcoming learning task—like memorizing a speech in the library，or revising for an exam in a park—and take an unfamiliar route to get there.
◆ （5） ______ To warm yourself up for learning，picture a city you know well，but imagine you're tapped in a part of it that you've never visited.Then try to visualize exactly how you'll get out.
◆ Play video games that get you moving through new landscapes.Then see whether it improves your success with other learning tasks，like practising a dance or mastering phrases for a foreign trip.
A.Get lost in your imagination.
B.Prepare yourself for a city tour.
C.But exploring places as such is beneficial to memory.
D.People prove to be more adaptable after new experience.
E.The latter group performed better in memory tests straight after.
F.There are new friends to meet and new responsibilities to accept.
G.Young minds seem to gain most from being in strange surroundings.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
There was an oak tree in my yard，close to where neighbors parked their cars.One day I saw a big bird surrounding a baby squirrel（松鼠），as if（1） ______ it.So I picked up a rock，and being（2） ______ to aim，I threw the rock at the bird...but the stone bounced off a（3） ______ breaking the windshield（挡风玻璃）of a new white Prius car.My blood ran cold.
In（4） ______ yet calmly，I put my personal information under the windshield，went back inside and watched to（5） ______ which neighbor's car window I destroyed.Later a young man came to the Prius and I ran out to（6） ______ the accident and promised to（7） ______ .He was a mild and gentle man.He called his relatives—my neighbors，who were also very （8） ______ .After some（9） ______ ，I knew that they planned to attend a wedding party...and now they had no car!I quietly cried（10） ______ but that made this family even kinder-they（11） ______ me and decided to take a taxi.
The very next day I received a（12） ______ from an agent of the man's insurance office.In a（n）（13） ______ voice of further kindness，she accepted my explanation of how this accidental damage occurred and agreed to（14） ______ all.
I was impressed by the example set by everyone concerned and what（15） ______ looked like.
21. A. parenting B. hunting C. defending D. coaching
22. A. certain B. free C. likely D. willing
23. A. car B. relative C. branch D. neighbor
24. A. delight B. anxiety C. despair D. curiosity
25. A. imagine B. judge C. record D. see
26. A. explain B. prevent C. witness D. investigate
27. A. take responsibility B. make changes
C. turn over D. back up
28. A. confused B. kind C. active D. scared
29. A. conflicts B. examination C. exchanges D. reflection
30. A. in relief B. with fear C. in regret D. with anger
31. A. surprised B. inspired C. guided D. comforted
32. A. ticket B. letter C. receipt D. call
33. A. mixed B. thrilled C. displeased D. unexpected
34. A. sponsor B. cover C. admit D. release
35. A. justice B. optimism C. forgiveness D. sympathy
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Seeing these "gardens" is like looking at a universe in a plant pot.The miniature （微型的） branches spread and twist，（ 1） ______ （ demonstrate） the beauty of nature，so as to allow viewers to stop and reflect on the circle of life.The potted landscape of penjing. （2） ______ （ be） a representative of top-ranking garden art ever since its existence.
（ 3） ______ （ expected），the Suzhou-style penjing cultivation technique was listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage （非物质文化遗产） in 2011. （4） ______ penjing，Suzhou gardens wouldn't be as charming as they are today.Once the construction of a garden is completed，its buildings are set，but planting can grow and change，which makes gardens （5） ______ （ live）.
The history of penjing （6） ______ （ date） back to the Tang Dynasty when the great poet Bai Juyi used some stones （7） ______ （ create） miniature landscapes in pots.And the Ming Dynasty marked a boom in the economy of Suzhou，the very period （8） ______ turned the city into a major cultural center.Because of that long history，Suzhou-style penjing is often seen as （9） ______ fundamental school of Chinese planting art.
Penjing works are beautiful，but people think that they were owned by the rich.However，only when they are enjoyed by general（10） ______ （ consume） can they benefit from being part of people's wider modern artistic taste.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，最近发现不少同学沉迷于购买盲盒。请给校英文报写一封倡议书，号召理性消费，内容包括：
（1）陈述所观察到的现象；
（2）提出建议并给出理由。
参考词汇：盲盒blind boxes
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students，
___________
The Students' Union
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成篇完整的短文。
When I left the office for a news assignment that early summer evening，I had absolutely no idea what life held in store for me.
As a young photographer，I was on my way back from a photo shoot.I had shot rolls of films featuring beautiful scenery and scenes of daily life in the countryside.What a fulfilling day!Now what 1 needed was a hot bath and a good rest.1 couldn't wait to return home.On the country road，with my camera bag containing my equipment and a phonebook on my back，I rode my motorbike so merrily that all the tiredness disappeared instantly.Suddenly，a big rock hit me from nowhere.All I knew was 1 was no longer on my motorbike.
I was thrown away from my bike and hit the road.Before I lost consciousness，I saw all my things scattered （分散的），my helmet （头盔） lying at a distance.Hours，maybe days later，I opened my eyes.1 realized I was on a hospital bed and later learnt that I had been shifted to the ward after7 days in the ICU.The crash was so severe that my head had been injured seriously，leading to other terrible conditions.Although I survived，there were a series of surgeries needed before I could fully recover—a reconstruction of the knees，my broken right wrist to be fixed and an operation on my nose.
I had no relatives in Delhi as I lived alone.After my accident，some warm-hearted strangers donated blood and resources to help me survive，which made me really touched.But every time I tried to piece together that horrible Tuesday，I felt like there remained some missing puzzles.Who discovered and saved me？How was I sent to the hospital？Where can I find my hero？Such questions bothered me until one day Amy，who was the first to learn of my accident came to see me when visits were allowed.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右：
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
In the ward，she told me what happened.__________
I dialed the couple' number immediately，hoping to thank them in person.__________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、A、B
【解析】（1）文章类型题。根据第一段Our Online Chinese Summer Camp program is ...specifically designed for learning Chinese remotely.（我们的在线汉语夏令营项目是...专为远程学习汉语而设计）以及最后一段Contact us （www.） and we will be happy to answer your questions and help you choose the right camp.Don't forget to ask us about early bird price!（联系我们（www.），我们将很乐意回答您的问题，并帮助您选择合适的营地。别忘了问我们早鸟价格！）结合文章是一则汉语夏令营的广告，介绍了针对人群、要求和活动。可推知，文章是一则商业广告。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据最后一部分√ Fun and interactive online lessons to improve 4 language skills — Listening，Speaking，Reading & Writing（√趣味互动在线课程，提高听、说、读、写4种语言技能）可知，孩子们在中文营可以提高综合汉语水平。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Don't forget to ask us about early bird price!（别忘了问我们早鸟价格！）可推知，如果你提前预订，项目会有折扣。故选B。
这是一篇应用文。文章是一则汉语夏令营的广告，介绍了针对人群、要求和活动。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】B、D、C、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段In southeastern Brazil，local fishers walk into dark waters in search of mullet On their own，it would be tricky to find the silvery fish.But the humans get help from an unusual partner：wild bottlenose dolphins.（在巴西东南部，当地渔民走进黑暗的水域寻找鲻鱼，独自一人要找到这种银色的鱼是很困难的。但人类得到了一个不寻常的伙伴的帮助：野生宽吻海豚。）以及第二段中A signal from the dolphins—usually a deep dive—indicates when they should cast their nets.This fishing partnership has passed down through the generations，lasting for more than a century.（海豚发出的信号---通常是深潜---表明它们应该在什么时候撒网。这种捕鱼伙伴关系世代相传，持续了一个多世纪。）可知，关于巴西渔民，前两段讲了他们在海豚的帮助下收获了更多的鱼。故选B项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中Now，in a new study in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences，researchers suggest cetaceans that hunt with humans have more chances to live than those that don't.（现在，在《美国国家科学院院刊》上发表的一项新研究中，研究人员指出，与人类一起捕食的鲸类动物比那些不与人类一起捕食的鲸类动物有更多的生存机会。）可知，毛里西奥 康托的研究表明了与人类合作的海豚存活率更高。故选D项。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第五段中Fishers were more successful when they worked with the dolphins.（当渔民和海豚一起工作时，他们更成功。）以及Eighty-six percent of all 4.955 mullet caught during the study period came from "synchronous interactions（在研究期间捕获的4.955条鲻鱼中，86%来自"同步互动。）故可猜测，划线单词allies为"盟友，合作伙伴"的意思，结合选项C项Partners"伙伴，搭档"意思一致。A．Prey.猎物；B．Mullet.鲻鱼；C．Partners.伙伴；D．Researchers.研究人员。故选C项。
（4）目的意图题。根据文章大意以及第一段In southeastern Brazil，local fishers walk into dark waters in search of mullet On their own，it would be tricky to find the silvery fish.But the humans get help from an unusual partner：wild bottlenose dolphins.（在巴西东南部，当地渔民走进黑暗的水域寻找鲻鱼，独自一人要找到这种银色的鱼是很困难的。但人类得到了一个不寻常的伙伴的帮助：野生宽吻海豚。）以及最后一段The study also revealed dolphins hunting with humans had a 13 percent increase in survival rate over other dolphins.These cooperative dolphins are more likely to stay near the shore，reducing their chance of entanglement in illegal fishing equipment.Besides，the dolphins can take some fish directly from the fishers' harvest.（研究还显示，与人类一起捕猎的海豚比其他海豚的存活率提高了13%。这些合作的海豚更有可能呆在海岸附近，减少了被非法捕鱼设备缠住的机会。此外，海豚可以直接从渔民的收获中获得一些鱼。）可推知，作者写文章的主要目的是展示一种独特的人与海豚的关系。A．To appeal for the protection of sea creatures.呼吁保护海洋生物；B．To show a unique human-dolphin relationship.来展示人类和海豚的独特关系；C．To applaud for development in fishing research.为渔业研究的发展喝彩；D．To encourage fishers to better draw on dolphins.鼓励渔民更好地借鉴海豚。故选B项。
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人类和野生宽吻海豚合作捕鱼的故事，从而展示一种独特的人与海豚的关系。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】C、C、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段When reading，my mother likes to slice a paragraph or a sentence out and attach it to the wall of her kitchen.She picks boring sentences that puzzle me.But I prefer copying favorite bright lines into a journal in soft，gray No.2 pencil，word by word.（读书的时候，我妈妈喜欢剪下一个段落或一个句子，把它贴在厨房的墙上。她挑了一些无聊的让我迷惑不解的句子。但我更喜欢用柔软的灰色2号铅笔把我喜欢的美好的句子逐字逐句地抄在日记本上。）可知，第一段的作用是来展示人物性格特征。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段中My mother has never told me "I love you，Lisa. "（我妈妈从来没有对我说过"我爱你，丽莎。"）以及The last time she almost spoke the words was two years ago，when she called to tell me a friend had been in hospital.I said， "I love you，Mom." She stopped for a while and then said， "Thank you."（她最后一次差点说出这句话是在两年前，当时她打电话告诉我一个朋友住院了。我说："我爱你，妈妈。"她停了一会儿，然后说："谢谢。"）可知，C项Reserved"寡言少语的，内敛的"是最能描述母女关系的。A项Shaky"不牢靠的"；B项Distant"疏远的"；D项Intense"强烈的"。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中After copying it down in my journal，I emailed it to mom，adding "This poem makes me think of you."（我把这首诗抄在日记里，用电子邮件发给了妈妈，并补充说："这首诗让我想起了你。"）可知，作者把这首诗寄给她的妈妈是因为这让她想起了妈妈的爱。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段中I haven't said it since，but I've wondered why my mother doesn't until I've found a poem that supplies words for the blank spaces I try to understand in our conversations."（从那以后，我再也没有说过这句话，但我一直在想，为什么母亲一直不说，直到我找到了一首诗，为我在谈话中试图理解的空白提供了词汇。）可知，这首诗对妈妈意味着女儿对她的理解。故选D。
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和母亲对于表达爱时的关系，母亲的内敛和寡言少语让作者很不理解，但是最终一首诗让作者意味着女儿对她的理解。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
12~15.【答案】A、D、C、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。由第一段中的It makes sense，given that 20 percent of American women over 50 have osteoporosis （骨质疏松） and that more than half have bone loss.For men，the figures are lower：4 percent and a third.Worldwide，one out of three women over 50 and one out of five older men will develop a fracture （骨折）. （考虑到20%的50岁以上的美国女性患有骨质疏松症，超过一半的女性患有骨质疏松，这是有道理的。对于男性来说，这一数字更低：4%和三分之一。在全球范围内，三分之一的50岁以上女性和五分之一的老年男性会发生骨折）可知，骨骼问题很普遍，第一段中的统计数据强调了骨骼问题的严重性。故选A项。
（2）词句猜测题。由第二段中的Diet research is always messy，and study results on nutrition and bone health haven't been consistent. （饮食研究总是一团糟，关于营养和骨骼健康的研究结果也不一致）可知，but表转折，前文讲关于营养和骨骼健康的研究结果也不一致，后文应该讲就保持骨骼健康上大家达成了共识，再结合本段中的so doctors often recommend D supplements （补充剂） to make up for age-related bone loss （所以医生经常建议补充D来弥补与年龄相关的骨质流失）可知，划线句表明"我们开始就保持骨骼健康的方法达成一致"。A．Diet research is no longer a challenge.饮食研究不再是一个挑战；B．We've made resolutions to study diets.我们已经下定决心要研究饮食；C．Findings on bone health prove to be similar.对骨骼健康的研究结果证明是相似的；D．We begin to agree on ways to keep bones healthy.我们开始就保持骨骼健康的方法达成一致。故选D项。
（3）推理判断题。由第三段中的But a recent study found that taking D supplements for five years did not reduce the rate of fractures in seniors.That result built on earlier findings，led by the same team，that these supplements do not improve bone density （密度）. （但最近的一项研究发现，服用D补充剂五年并不能降低老年人的骨折率。这一结果建立在由同一团队领导的早期发现的基础上，即这些补充剂不能提高骨密度）和第四段中的because there are so many other nutrients （营养物质），and you have a more continuous absorption than with D supplements （因为还有很多其他营养素，而且比起D补充剂你更能持续吸收它们）可推知，D补充剂的作用比预期的要小。故选C项。
（4）标题归纳题。由第三段中的But a recent study found that taking D supplements for five years did not reduce the rate of fractures in seniors. （但最近的一项研究发现，服用D补充剂五年并不能降低老年人的骨折率），第三段中的Food and sun exposure likely provide enough vitamin D for healthy adults （食物和阳光照射可能为健康成年人提供足够的维生素D），第四段中的What does help maintain strong bones for all of us？The easy answer is food high in calcium，such as milk and tofu. （什么有助于我们所有人保持强壮的骨骼？简单的答案是高钙食物，比如牛奶和豆腐）和最后一段中的So while focusing on better nutritional choices，add more exercise to your daily menu. （因此，在关注更好的营养选择的同时，在你的日常菜单中增加更多的运动）可知，文章一项研究表明服用D补充剂五年并不能降低老年人的骨折率，但高钙食物和运动有助于增强骨骼健康，A项"更好骨骼的秘诀"符合文意。A．A recipe for better bones更好骨骼的秘诀；B．Your bones cry!你的骨头哭了！；C．The magic of D supplements维生素D补充剂的魔力；D．Vitamin D wins!维生素D赢了！。故选A项。
这是一篇说明文。文章一项研究表明服用D补充剂五年并不能降低老年人的骨折率，但高钙食物和运动有助于增强骨骼健康。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】F、C、E、G、A
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上一句There's a lot to cope with when you go off to university."（当你离开家去上大学时，有很多事情要处理。），选项F（有新的朋友要认识，有新的责任要承担。）补充说明了离开家去上大学时会面对的情况，与上一句是并列递进关系，承接上文，衔接合理。故选F。
（2）推理判断题。根据前文It was a struggle to find the car park，let alone explore the huge campus.（找到停车场都很困难，更不用说探索这个巨大的校园了。）和Although we knew she had flatmates and phone apps to get her to fit in，the challenge ahead was clear—to find her way in an unfamiliar world.（虽然我们知道她有室友和手机应用程序让她适应环境，但前方的挑战很明显---在一个陌生的世界里找到自己的路。）可知，前文表达了目前主要的挑战是适应新环境，而不是探索校园；但根据第三段According to the researchers，that was because exploring the new environment stimulated their dopamine （多巴胺） system—setting up their brains for memorizing things.（根据研究人员的说法，这是因为探索新环境刺激了他们的多巴胺系统—建立他们的大脑来记忆东西。）可知，探索新环境对大脑记忆是有好处的，所以选项C（但探索这样的地方对记忆是有益的。）与前文有转折关系，合理引出了下文，符合语境。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据上一句Then some of them took the same walk again，while others explored a different forest.（于是，他们中的一些人又走了一次同样的路，而另一些人则探索了另一片不同的森林。）可知，前组的成员走的老路，后组的成员探索了新路；结合下一句According to the researchers，that was because exploring the new environment stimulated their dopamine（多巴胺） system—setting up their brains for memorizing things.Thus，they scored higher.（根据研究人员的说法，这是因为探索新环境刺激了他们的多巴胺系统—建立他们的大脑来记忆东西。因此，他们的得分更高。）可知，后组的成员在大脑记忆方面的测试得分更高，表现更好，与选项E（后一组在接下来的记忆测试中表现更好。）符合语境，下一句是对选项E的具体解释。故选E。
（4）联系下文题。根据下一句But we may all be able to gain some of the benefits，even if it's just by stimulating our senses and challenging our thinking skills.（但我们也许都能从中获益，即使只是通过刺激我们的感官和挑战我们的思维能力。）中的"But"和"all"和句意可知，空处应该是指某一部分人会从中获益，选项G（年轻人似乎从陌生的环境中获益最多。）表达了这层含义，与下文衔接合理。故选G。
（5）段落主题题。空处为段落主题句，根据最后两段可知，应该为祈使句，故答案选自A或B；根据下一句To warm yourself up for learning，picture a city you know well，but imagine you're tapped in a part of it that you've never visited.（为了给自己的学习热身，想象一个你熟悉的城市，但想象你身处其中一个你从未去过的地方。）可知，本段主要讲述要善于想象；选项A（沉浸在你的想象中。）与其语意相符，符合语境。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。作者通过自己女儿的例子，表达了人们在一个陌生的新的环境中，应该勇于探索和尝试的观点，作者认为这会给人们带来好处，并给出了一些具体的做法和建议。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、A、C、B、D、A、A、B、C、C、D、D、D、B、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.parenting养育；B.hunting打猎；C.defending防御；D.coaching指导。句意：有一天，我看到一只大鸟围着一只小松鼠，好像在追捕它。根据上文"One day I saw a big bird surrounding a baby squirrel（松鼠），"以及下文"I threw the rock at the bird" 可知，大鸟围着松鼠像是在捕猎，所以作者朝鸟扔了石子。故选B。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.certain确定的；B.free 自由的；C.likely可能的；D.willing 愿意的。句意：于是我捡起一块石头，确定了目标，就朝那只鸟扔去……但石头从树枝上弹开，打破了一辆新的白色普锐斯汽车的挡风玻璃。根据下文"to aim，I threw the rock at the bird"可知，指作者捡起一块石头，确定了目标，就朝那只鸟扔去。故选A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.car汽车；B.relative亲戚；C.branch 树枝；D.neighbor 邻居。句意：于是我捡起一块石头，确定了目标，就朝那只鸟扔去……但石头从树枝上弹开，打破了一辆新的白色普锐斯汽车的挡风玻璃。根据上文"There was an oak tree in my yard，"可知，这里指石头从树枝上弹开了，故选C。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.delight 高兴；B.anxiety焦虑；C.despair绝望；D.curiosity 好奇。句意：我焦虑而平静地把我的个人信息放在挡风玻璃下，回到车里，看我破坏了哪位邻居的车窗。下文"yet calmly，"中 yet表示转折，结合常识，打破了别人的玻璃，作者是焦虑担忧的。故选B。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.imagine 想象；B.judge 判断；C.record 记录；D.see看见。句意：我焦虑而平静地把我的个人信息放在挡风玻璃下，回到车里，看我破坏了哪位邻居的车窗。根据下文"which neighbor's car window I destroyed."可知，作者想看清自己打破了哪个邻居的车窗。故选D。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.explain解释；B.prevent 阻止；C.witness目击；D.investigate 调查。句意：后来一个年轻人来开普锐斯，我跑出去解释事故，并承诺承担责任。根据下文"the accident"可知，作者向年轻人解释打破车窗的原因。故选A。
（7）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.take responsibility负责；B.make changes 做出改变；C.turn over移交，反复考虑；D.back up支持。句意：后来一个年轻人来开普锐斯，我跑出去解释事故，并承诺承担责任。根据上文"and I ran out to（6）the accident and promised to"可知，作者解释缘由，愿意承担责任。故选A。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.confused 困惑的；B.kind善良 的；C.active活跃的；D.scared害怕的。句意：他打电话给他的亲戚，也就是我的邻居，他们也都很善良。根据上文"He was a mild and gentle man.He called his relatives—my neighbors，who were also very"中 also 可知，邻居和年轻人一样，都很善良。后文"but that made this family even kinder"也是提示。故选B。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.conflicts 冲突；B.examination 检查；C.exchanges交谈；D.reflection反射。句意：经过一番交流，我知道他们打算参加婚礼……现在他们没有车可用了了!根据下文"I knew that they planned to attend a wedding party"可知，这里指经过交流，得知他们打算参加婚礼。故选C。
（10）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.in relief 松了口气；B.with fear害怕地；C.in regret后悔；D.with anger生气地。句意：我后悔地默默地哭了起来，但这让这家人更加善良了---他们安慰了我，并决定坐出租车去。根据上文"I quietly cried"可知，作者很后悔破坏了别人的计划。故选C。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.surprised惊讶；B.inspired 鼓舞；C.guided 带领；D.comforted 安慰。句意：我后悔地默默地哭了起来，但这让这家人更加善良了---他们安慰了我，并决定坐出租车去。根据上文"but that made this family even kinder"可知，这家人更加善良了——他们安慰了作者，故选D。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.ticket票；B.letter信；C.receipt 收据；D.call电话。句意：就在第二天，我接到了那个人的保险公司代理人的电话。根据下文"from an agent of the man's insurance office.In a（n）（13）voice of further kindness，"可知，是办公室打来的电话。故选D。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.mixed混 合的；B.thrilled 激动的；C.displeased生气的；D.unexpected 意外的。句意：出乎意料地，她更加友好地接受了我对意外损坏原因的解释，并同意全部赔偿。根据下文"voice of further kindness，she accepted my explanation"可知，代理人出乎意料地友好。故选D。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.sponsor赞助；B.cover足够支付；C.admit 承认；D.release 释放。句意：出乎意料地，她更加友好地接受了我对意外损坏原因的解释，并同意全部赔偿。下文all指赔偿的费用，应用动词 cover表示"足够支付"。故选 B。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.justice公平；B.optimism 乐观；C.forgiveness 原谅；D.sympathy同情。句意：每个相关的人树立的榜样以及宽恕的样子给我留下了深刻的印象。结合上文I threw the rock at the bird...but the stone bounced off a（3）breaking the windshield（挡风玻璃）of a new white Prius car.My blood ran cold.可知，作者犯了错，打破了别人的车窗，但是取得了年轻人和亲戚的谅解，连代理人也对作者很友好，即体现了宽恕他人。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者不小心打破了某个邻居的车窗，结果车主和车主的亲戚都对作者很友好，连保险代理人也十分友好地接受了作者对意外损坏原因的解释，并同意全部赔偿。每个相关的人树立的榜样以及宽恕的样子给作者留下了深刻的印象。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】demonstrating
【小题2】has been
【小题3】Expectedly
【小题4】Without
【小题5】lively/alive
【小题6】dates
【小题7】to create
【小题8】that
【小题9】a
【小题10】consumers
【解析】（1）考查现在分词。句意：微缩的树枝舒展扭曲，展现自然之美，让观者驻足思考生命的轮回。可知demonstrate与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填demonstrating。
（2）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：盆景自诞生以来，一直是顶级园林艺术的代表。根据后文ever since its existence可知为现在完成时，主语为The potted landscape of penjing，主动用has。故填has been。
（3）考查副词。句意：不出所料，2011年，苏式盆景技艺被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。修饰后文句子应用副词expectedly，作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Expectedly。
（4）考查介词。句意：如果没有盆景，苏州园林就不会像今天这样迷人。后跟名词作宾语，表示"没有"应用介词without，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Without。
（5）考查形容词。句意：花园一旦建成，建筑就固定了，但植物可以生长和变化，这使花园充满活力。此处作宾补，表示"有活力的"应用形容词lively或alive，故填lively/alive。
（6）考查动词时态。句意：盆景的历史可以追溯到唐朝，当时伟大的诗人白居易用一些石头在罐子里创造微型景观。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为The history of penjing，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
（7）考查动词不定式。句意：盆景的历史可以追溯到唐朝，当时伟大的诗人白居易用一些石头在罐子里创造微型景观。此处为短语use sth.to do sth.表示"用某物做某事"。故填to create。
（8）考查定语从句。句意：明朝标志着苏州经济的繁荣，也正是在这个时期，苏州成为了一个重要的文化中心。定语从句修饰先行词period，从句缺少主语，由the very修饰只能用that引导。故填that。
（9）考查冠词。句意：由于历史悠久，苏式盆景通常被视为中国种植艺术的一个基本流派。school为可数名词，此处为泛指且fundamental是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
（10）考查可数名词的复数。句意：然而，只有当它们为普通消费者所喜爱时，它们才能成为人们更广泛的现代艺术品味的一部分。表示"消费者"应用名词consumer，前文没有冠词故用复数形式。故填consumers。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了盆景以及其发展历史。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Dear fellow students，
Recently，we're astonished to find many students are obsessed with blind boxes，spending a large sum of money impulsively.（陈述所观察到的现象）
As teenagers，we are still reliant on parents economically.Also，money wasted on blind boxes can be spent on daily necessities and things contributing to our personal growth.It's advisable that we should develop a rational spending habit and practice the virtue of thrift.【高分句型一】（提出建议并给出理由）
It is high time that we should be smart with money and be wise "investors"!【高分句型二】（提出倡议）
The Students' Union
【解析】高分句型一：It's advisable that we should develop a rational spending habit and practice the virtue of thrift.
翻译：我们应该养成理性的消费习惯，养成节俭的美德。
分析：本句运用了that引导的主语从句。
高分句型二：It is high time that we should be smart with money and be wise "investors"!.
翻译：是时候让我们聪明地理财，成为明智的"投资者"了!。
分析：本句运用了固定句型：It is high time that从句用虚拟语气。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。
38.【答案】In the ward，she told me what happened.A couple were driving by when spotting me lying on the country road unconscious，covered in blood.Without hesitation，they called an ambulance at once and accompanied me all the way to the hospital.They also managed to get in touch with Amy whose number was on the top of my phonebook.【高分句型一】Seeing Amy arrived，the couple 1 eft before further communication.【高分句型二】The questions weighing on my mind were answered.Then Amy showed me their number. （描写作者从Amy口中得知自己被救助的经过）
I dialed the couple' number immediately，hoping to thank them in person.They arrived soon.Before I could utter any words of gratitude，they handed me some photos， "We found a roll of film at the scene and had it developed for you." In tears，I thanked them for everything they'd done.They patted my back，saying it was the least they could do when a life had to be saved.That Tuesday became a dateline of my life and I fully felt the kindness of Delhi. （描写作者对救助他的夫妇进行感谢并为德里人民的善良感动）
【解析】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了作者在德里拍摄完照片回家的路上遭遇意外，幸好得到一对夫妇和陌生人们的及时救助以及作者为德里人民的善良所感动的故事。
高分句型一：They also managed to get in touch with Amy whose number was on the top of my phonebook.
翻译：他们还设法与Amy取得了联系，Amy的电话号码在我的电话簿顶部。
分析：本句运用了whose引导的限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：Seeing Amy arrived，the couple 1 eft before further communication.
翻译：看到Amy的到来，这对夫妇在进一步沟通之前离开了。
分析：本句运用了现在分词短语Seeing Amy arrived作状语。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
第1页，共1页

展开更多......

收起↑