高三英语二轮复习:---定语从句的复习教学课件 (共27张PPT)

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高三英语二轮复习:---定语从句的复习教学课件 (共27张PPT)

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(共27张PPT)
一. 定语从句的基本定义
修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
一. 定语从句的基本定义
由关系代词或关系副词引导。
放在所修饰的名词或代词后面,
被修饰的词叫先行词。
二 定语从句的种类分为限制性与非限制性定语从句
. 非限制性定语从句的定义
非限制性定语从句是对被修饰部分进行附加说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。它和主句之间的关系比较松散,因此常用逗号隔开。
My watch, which is very old, stopped again.
This is the man who(m) I like best.
六. 1. 非限制性定语从句的定义
The boy who is reading is Tom.
先行词
关系代词
Hospital is a place where a doctor works.
先行词
关系副词
She is an English teacher who likes singing songs.
关系词的作用
关系词
引导定语从句
代替先行词
在从句中担当一个成分
1
2
3
二. 关系词的分类
关系代词
2.关系副词
关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,常用的关系代词有:that, which, as ,who, whom, whose
关系副词在定语从句中作状语,常用的关系 副词有:when, where, why
二. 关系词的分类
A person who steals things is called a thief.
The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
who, whom
These are the trees which were planted
last year.
This recorder (which) he is using is
made in Japan.
He is the man (that) I told you about.
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.
三. 关系代词的基本用法和注意点
1. 关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 指代 在定语从句中所充当的成分
人 物 句子 主语 宾语 定语
who
whom
which
that
whose
四 that 与 which(都指代事物)
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about
2. 关系代词用法注意点(1)只能用that不能用which的5种情况
This is all that I want from the school.
This is the very book that I am looking for these days.
The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.
The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
1.当先行词中有人又有物时。
2.当先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, nobody, none等时。
3.当先行词被only, just, very, right, last等修饰时。
4.当先行词被最高级修饰时。
5.当先行词被序数词修饰时。
只用that的情况
1. This is all ____ I know about the matter.
A. that B. what C. who D. whether
2. Is there anything else _____ you require
A. which B. that C. who D. what
3. The last place _____ we visited was the Great Wall.
A. which B. that C. where D. it
that 与which 的区别
先行词为all, little, much, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词时,关系代词用
that
4. He talked happily about the men and books
_____ interested him greatly in the school.
A. which B. that C. it D. whom
5. There is no dictionary _____ you can find everything.
A. that B. which C. where D. in that
6. Is oxygen the only gas _____ helps fire burn
A. that B. / C. which D. it
先行词为人和物的组合
先行词被all, little, much, every, no, 等修饰时
先行词被序数词或最高级修饰先行词前有序数词(the first),形容词最高级(the best), the last, the very, the only 等时。
五 只用which的情况
引导非限定性定语从句时,
或介词后面, 关系代词用which,不用that。
I have read Gone with the Wind several times, which I like very much.
The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.
习 题:
My friend showed me round the town, _____ was very kind of him.
A. which B. that C. where D. it
A
1. 当介词放在关系代词前面时,关系代词只能用whom(指人)或which(指物),且关系代词不能省略。
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor.
I can’t find the pen with which I was writing .
2. 介词位于关系代词前,关系代词的使用
六.介词+which/ whom引导的定语从句
2. 介词的选用原则:
根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。
This is the book on which I spent 8 dollars.
This is the book for which I paid 8 dollars.
四. “介词+which/whom”引导的从句, 1.介词选用原则
(2) 根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。
I remember the day on which I joined the Party.
I remember the days during which I lived there.
七.whose引导的定语从句注意点
先行词既可以指人也可以指物。
指物时,可用of which代替,但语序不同,
whose+名词 = the+名词+of which,
或= of which + the + 名词。如:
The novel( whose title
the title of which
of which the title is Red and Black) is very interesting.
(3)whose引导的定语从句注意点
Do you know the man whose name is Liu Xiang
The house whose windows face south is warm.
⑤指人时,可用of whom代替,但语序不同,即whose+名词 = the+名词+of whom,或= of whom + the + 名词。如:
The boy( whose mother
= the mother of whom
=of whom the mother is a doctor )is my friend.
I am very grateful to my high school teachers, without ________help I wouldn’t be so excellent.
A. whom B. them C. which D.whose
D
The man pulled out a gold watch,_____ were made of small diamonds.
A.the hands of whom
B.whom the hands of
C.which the hands of
D.the hands of which
D
His walking stick, ____ he can’t walk, was lost yesterday.
A、that
B、with which
C、which
D、without which
D
关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。
如:
Those who are against the plan put up your hands.
Tom is the only one of the students who was praised by the teacher yesterday.
(4)从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致
I’m one of the students ____ well in English in my class.  
A. who does   B. who do  
C. which does   D. who did
B
总结
五 作业. 关系副词when, where和why的用法
五. 关系副词的基本用法
关系副词 指代的先行词 充当从句的成分
when 表时间的名词/名词词组 时间状语
where 表地点的名词/名词词组 地点状语
why 表原因的名词 原因状语
Thank you

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