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(共61张PPT)
第三部分 名师话题复习
话题八 社会变迁与历史发展
01
基础梳理
02
语境运用
03
强化训练
课标要求：家乡和社会的变迁，历史的发展，对未来的畅想
基础梳理
n. 1.government政府 2.society社会 3.culture文化 4.future未来
5.century世纪；百年 6.human人类 7.president总统；主席 8.influence影响 9.development发展；成长 10.difference差别；不同
11.experience经历；经验 12.situation情况；状况
13.discovery发现；发觉 14.truth事实；真相 15.fact现实
16.example范例 17.value价值 18.trade贸易 19.business生意；商业
20.law法律 21.hometown家乡 22.industry工业 23.leader领导 24.officer军官
一、社会变迁
adj. 1.developed 发达的　　2.wealthy 富有的；富裕的　　3.ancient 古代的
词 块 1.in the old days/past在过去 2.take place发生
3.several years ago几年前 4.go/pass by经过；去过
5.to his surprise让他惊讶的是 6.because of因为
7.according to根据 8.as a result 结果
9.as soon as 一……就……
10.used to live here过去住在这里 11.set up建立
12.settle down定居 13.regard her as a hero把她视为英雄
单 词 1.symbol n.象征；标志 2.history n.历史
3.pioneer n.先锋；带头人 4.enemy n.敌人
5.peace n.和平 6.war n.战争 7.army n.军队
8.hero n.英雄 9.victory n.胜利 10.gun n.枪 11.forward adv.向前 12.convenient adj.方便的
13.treasure n.宝物 v.珍视；珍惜
词 块 1.carry out执行 2.break out爆发
3.come into the world问世 4.make a difference影响；有作用
5.with the help of them在他们的帮助下
6.be responsible for people对人们有责任
二、历史发展
语境运用
一、根据句意填入适当的单词，每空一词。
1.With the ____________ of medical technology, more and more diseases will be cured(治愈) in the future.
2.Nowadays many people in the countryside leave their __________ to search for work in big cities.
3.If you break the ________， you will be put into prison(监狱).
development
hometown
law
4.Though English has a long __________， the first English dictionary didn't appear until the 17th century.
5.The dove(鸽子) is a __________ of peace.
history
symbol
二、用下面短语的适当形式填空，每个短语限用一次。
　used to; take place; come into the world;
because of; with the help of　
The computer is one of the most useful inventions in the twentieth century.1.______________ the computer, we can do things much faster and more easily.It makes us live a very easy life.
With the help of
　used to; take place; come into the world;
because of; with the help of　
We can use the computer to do many things.Since the Internet 2.___________________， the computer has got more uses.For example, people 3.___________ write letters to their friends, but now more people keep in touch with each other on the Internet.Since the birth of the computer, great changes 4.________________ in our daily lives.It seems impossible for us to live a good life without the computer.
came into the world
used to
have taken place
　used to; take place; come into the world;
because of; with the help of　
But everything has two sides.5.______________ computer games, some students can't finish their homework on time.So it's necessary for students to learn how to use the computer in a right way.
Because of
强化训练
China has the largest population in the world.__1__ order to control the population, China started to carry out the one-child policy in 1979.And it made a great __2__.
（ ）1.A.At B.In C.For
（ ）2.A.successfully B.succeed C.success
1．in order to为了。
B
一、语法选择(2022贵州改编)
C
2．空格前有冠词和形容词，故此处用名词。
However, as time went by, many people saw not only its advantages __3__ also disadvantages.So in 2016, our government started a new policy — the two-child policy.Many people believed that if one couple had two children, the children could share the burden(负担) of looking after __4__ parents.
（ ）3.A.but B.and C.or
（ ）4.A.their B.them C.themselves
A
A
In modern society, we face __5__ big problem, an aging(变老的) population.To solve this problem, the Chinese government decided a three－child policy in June 2021.It allows one couple to have three__6__.The new policy marks the end of the two－child policy.Experts hope the new policy can change the situation of the __7__ population.
（ ）5.A.an B.a C.the
（ ）6.A.child B.child's C.children
（ ）7.A.fell B.fall C.falling
B
6．根据空格前的three可知此处用可数名词复数。
C
7．the falling population下降的人口。
C
However, many couples who would like to have a second child refuse __8__ a third one.They're worried about the high cost of a third child, and they don't want to spend too much time on a new baby, although they __9__ to raise three children by the government.
（ ）8.A.had B.to have C.have
（ ）9.A.are encouraging B.are encouraged
C.were encouraging
B
9．他们是被鼓励的，要用被动语态，且根据主句时态可知用一般现在时的被动语态。
B
However, many couples who would like to have a second child refuse __8__ a third one.They're worried about the high cost of a third child, and they don't want to spend too much time on a new baby, although they __9__ to raise three children by the government.So it's still unknown__10__ the new policy will change the situation or not.
（ ）10.A.whether B.how C.why
A
10．unknown后面是宾语从句，且从句中有or not，故选whether。
【短文大意】本文介绍了中国的人口政策的变化。
There are two kinds of opinions on “life in the past and life today”.
Some think that life today is quite __1__ from that in the past.On the one hand, significant technological developments do help people solve a lot of problems.However, on the other hand, life in the past __2__ more happiness to people than that does today.
（ ）1.A.different B.difficult C.interesting D.same
（ ）2.A.connected B.brought C.showed D.went
A
1．句意：有人认为现在的生活与过去的生活大不相同。be different from与……不同，故选A。
二、完形填空
B
Life was simple in the past.As the __3__ of the world is getting larger, competition is getting fiercer(更加激烈的) now.If you __4__ do your job well, someone will take the place of you soon.
（ ）3.A.pollution B.weather C.population D.air
（ ）4.A.aren't good at B.aren't late for
C.aren't worried about D.aren't able to
C
D
Others think life today is much __5__ than that in the past.There are many new __6__ that make our life easy and comfortable.Rice cookers, gas stoves and microwave ovens are of great __7__ to many housewives.
（ ）5.A.harder B.busier C.faster D.better
（ ）6.A.inventions B.stories C.opinions D.scientists
（ ）7.A.exercise B.ability C.help D.information
D
A
6．句意：有许多新发明使我们的生活轻松和舒适。根据“Rice cookers, gas stoves and microwave ovens”可知，这些都是人类的发明，故选A。
C
The rice cooker is a real time－saver.It is so simple to use that even a child can __8__ rice with it.There are some other machines which __9__ the long hours of doing housework for the housewives.
（ ）8.A.plant B.cook C.grow D.throw
（ ）9.A.spend B.waste C.take D.save
B
D
8．句意：它使用起来非常简单，连孩子都能用它做饭。根据“The rice cooker”可知，电饭煲是用来煮饭的，故选B。
There are many other inventions that help make our life better.For example, __10__ help people get in touch with each other more conveniently and the Internet makes people's life more colorful.
（ ）10.A.phones B.letters C.watches D.videos
A
10．根据“help people get in touch with each other more conveniently”可知，手机使人们联系彼此更方便，故选A。
【短文大意】本文主要讲述了关于过去的生活和现在的生活的两种观点。
三、阅读理解A(2022辽阳改编)
Bai Yi 　　I had a serious illness at the age of 7.From then on, I expected to be a doctor.Now I work in a hospital as a doctor.There are modern medical instruments and services.I can treat patients even when they're far away from me.This is because the Internet is faster now.
Hello! We're in 2042 now.Let's share our beautiful life together!
Wen Hua 　　Through years of studying hard, I'm teaching Chinese in a middle school.Some of my students come from other countries.Since they like Chinese history and culture, they carefully listen to me explain Chinese poems and novels.They spread Chinese history and culture around the world.
Gan Jing 　　China is much greener now because it has worked on protecting the environment.New energy is used without polluting Earth.I'm doing something common for our city.I keep our streets clean and tidy every day to make people live comfortably.I take pride in my job.
Lan Tian 　　When I was young, I dreamed of being an astronaut and flying into space.Nowadays, my dream has come true.Traveling to the moon has got popular.I'm going to travel to Mars soon.I'm so excited！
（ ）1.Bai Yi has achieved her dream and can treat patients far away __________.
A.on the Internet B.on the radio
C.on the moon D.on the plane
A
（ ）2.What are Wen Hua's foreign students interested in
A.Becoming a teacher.　
B.English poems and novels.
C.Flying into space.　
D.Chinese history and culture.
D
（ ）3.What does Gan Jing do according to what he said
A.He is a teacher. B.He is a doctor.
C.He is a cleaner. D.He is an astronaut.
C
3．根据“I keep our streets clean and tidy every day to make people live comfortably.”可知，甘靖每天让大街保持干净整洁，可推断他是清洁工。故选C。
（ ）4.Why is Lan Tian excited
A.Because he works as a doctor.
B.Because he will travel to the moon.
C.Because he is proud of his job.
D.Because he is going to Mars soon.
D
（ ）5.What are the four students imagining
A.Their hobbies and habits.
B.Their life in the future.
C.Their living environment.
D.Their ways of traveling.
B
5．根据“We're in 2042 now.Let's share our beautiful life together！”可知，四个学生正在想象未来的生活。故选B。
【短文大意】本文讲述了四个学生畅想2042年的未来生活。
四、阅读理解B(2022揭阳二模)
Imagine you are running to catch a train, only to find that you forgot to bring your ID card! There is no way you can get on the train without it.Don't worry.In the near future, people will just need a digital ID on their smartphones.
On March 11, 2022, at a two sessions news conference(两会记者招待会), Premier Li Keqiang said that the government would introduce a digital version(版本) of the national ID cards this year.One aim is to better meet the basic living needs of more than 100 million people who live away from their home provinces.These people have to go to school or work at different places rather than near their homes.Sometimes to show that “I am who I am”， they have to run back and rush between provinces to provide ID.It is a waste of time, money and manpower.
In fact, China's Ministry of Public Security started a trial of digital IDs in 2018.It allowed people in cities including Quzhou, Hangzhou and Fuzhou to apply for digital national IDs on Alipay.The digital ID could be used to open bank accounts, check into hotels and buy high－speed railway tickets, among other things.
China gave out its first ID card in 1984.The current ID card is the second version.The ID number is made up of 18 numbers standing for the holder's birthplace, birth date and gender(性别).
（ ）1.Where will people have a digital ID in the near future
A.On the train. B.On a smartphone.
C.In the hand. D.In their home provinces.
B
（ ）2.Why does China introduce the digital version of the national ID cards
A.To make people never forget to take their ID cards.
B.To make the life of people living away from their home provinces easier.
C.To let people go to school or work at different places rather than near their homes.
D.To make people realize it's a waste of time, money and manpower to take ID cards.
B
2．根据第二段“One aim is to better meet the basic living needs of more than 100 million people who live away from their home provinces.”可知中国推出数字身份证是为了方便远离家乡的人。故选B。
（ ）3.What does the underlined word “trial” in this passage mean
A.Test. B.Dream. C.Charity. D.Business.
A
（ ）4.What couldn't digital IDs be used to do in the trial in 2018
A.Open bank accounts.
B.Check into hotels.　
C.Buy high－speed railway tickets.
D.Shop online through WeChat Pay.
D
（ ）5.What is this passage mainly about
A.How to make a digital ID card.
B.China's first ID cards.
C.The introduction of digital ID cards.
D.How to do things on Alipay.
C
5．通读全文，结合第一段“In the near future, people will just need a digital ID on their smartphones.”可知文章主要介绍了数字身份证。故选C。
【短文大意】本文主要介绍了数字身份证。
英国开始试行四天工作制
Thousands of UK workers are starting a four－day work week from Monday with no cut to their pay.The pilot(试点), which will last1._________ six months, including 3，300 workers from 70 companies.In the six months, workers receive 100% of their pay for working only 80% of their usual week, 2._________ they have to keep 100% of their productivity(效率).
for
五、 短文填空
but
Sienna O'Rourke, a brand manager said that the 3._________ biggest goal was to improve the mental health and well－being of its employees.“The pandemic has made us think a great deal about work and 4.____ people organize their lives，” she said.“We're doing this to 5._______ the mental health of people and we think it's a meaningful change in the world.”
company's
how
4．考查宾语从句。分析句子结构，从句不缺主要成分，根据句意可知，疫情让我们好好思考人们如何安排自己的生活。因此这里用how引导宾语从句。
5．考查动词。根据第二段第一句可知他们现在所做是为了提高人们的生活质量。故填improve。
improve
Until now, Iceland has carried 6.__________ the biggest pilot of a shorter working week.It found no drop in productivity among participants(参与者), and a great 7.__________ in employee's well-being.
out
increase
7．考查名词。本段讲述的是冰岛也试点了减少工作天数的方案。结果显示，参与者的工作效率没有降低，说明改变很成功，因此相应的员工的幸福感也获得大量的提升，这与改变的初衷相契合。故填increase。
“8.__________ of the pandemic, more and more companies like Sienna O'Rourke are recognizing that the new competition is quality of life.And that reduced-hour allows 9.__________ to have a special advantage，” he said.
Because
them
Researchers will study the influence that the new working style will have on productivity levels, gender equality, the environment as 10.__________ as workers' well-being.
well
短文大意：本文讲述的是英国开始试行四天工作制，但该制度提出员工的工作效率不能下降。
六、读写综合(2022佛山二模)
A.回答问题
If you think of the jobs robots could never do, you would probably put doctors and teachers at the top of the list.But in fact, in some situations, robots have already done better than doctors in finding illnesses.So could there be a place for robots in education, too
British education expert Anthony Seldon thinks so.He even believes that by the year 2027, robots will do the main job of the classroom while teachers will be helpers.Teachers will collect information of each student and provide more personal help.Smart robots will read students' faces, actions and even thoughts.
It's still not sure if robots will replace teachers in the near future.One thing is for certain, though.A robot teacher is better than no teacher at all.In some parts of the world, there aren't enough teachers.As a result, 9－16 percent of the children under the age of 14 can't go to school.That problem could be partly solved by robots because they can teach anywhere and won't get tired.
Perhaps the question is not “Will robots replace teachers？” but “How can robots help teachers？” Teachers waste a lot of time doing non-teaching work, including more than 11 hours a week marking homework.If robots could cut the time teachers spend marking homework and writing reports, teachers would have more time and energy for the parts of the job humans do best.
1.Who thinks there can be a place for robots in education
_____________________________________________________
Anthony Seldon.
2.When will smart robots do the main job of the classroom
_____________________________________________________
By the year 2027.
3.Why can't some children in the world go to school
_____________________________________________________
Because there aren't enough teachers.
4.What's the advantage of robot teachers
_____________________________________________________
They can teach anywhere and won't get tired.
5.How much time do teachers spend marking homework every week _____________________________________________________
More than 11 hours.
B.书面表达
假定你是李华，正在准备课前5分钟英语小演讲，分享你对教学机器人的看法。请写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
(1)机器人完全代替老师或者成为老师的助手，你支持哪种，为什么；
(2)你期待机器人如何帮助你学习(两点)。
1.审题　 人称：第一、三人称　时态：一般现在时
2.思路引导
3.范文赏析
随着科技的发展，人们的生活将会更加舒适和智能化，人与大自然的相处将更加和谐。近期，你们班将举办一个以“The Future World”为主题的英语征文活动，请你根据内容提示写一篇英语短文。内容包括：(1)家居方面的变化；(2)人与自然方面的关系变化；(3)交通或出行方面的变化。
The Future World
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With the development of science and technology, the future world will be different.
The houses in the future will be both “green” and“smart”．People will use less energy in their houses.The robots in the house will help people free from hard work.In the future, people will care more about nature.Endangered animals will live in nature reserves.People will stop killing them for fur, bones or meat.As for the traffic, all the cars and buses will be driven by computers.What's more, with the new technology, cars will not pollute the air and people will live in a clean environment.
I am looking forward to the future world.
谢谢大家！

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