资源简介

(共56张PPT)
语音
一、音素和音节
48个音素：20个元音，28个辅音。
音标是标记每个词或字母的读音的书面符号，放在【】或/ /内。称为国际音标。
元音
单元音
(长、短)
前元音
中元音
后元音
双元音
辅音
清辅音
浊辅音
爆破音
摩擦音
破擦音
鼻 音
舌侧音
半元音
二、音节：由一个元音或一个元音和一个或几个辅音构成。
音节
重读音节
非重读音节
开音节
闭音节
开音节：
①以一个元音字母结尾的重读音节。
②一个元音字母后又有一个辅音字母（r除外）再加e的重读音节。
闭音节：
以一个元音字母，后面又跟一个或几个辅音字母（r除外）的重读音节。
三、元音字母在重读开、闭音节中的读音：
重读开音节 重读闭音节
a 【】 【】
e 【】 【】
i 【】 【】
o 【】 【】
u 【】 【】
【】
y 【】 【】
一、音素和音节
48个音素：20个元音，28个辅音。
音标是标记每个词或字母的读音的书面符号，放在【】或/ /内。称为国际音标。
元音
单元音
(长、短)
前元音
中元音
后元音
双元音
辅音
清辅音
浊辅音
爆破音
摩擦音
破擦音
鼻 音
舌侧音
半元音
二、音节：由一个元音或一个元音和一个或几个辅音构成。
音节
重读音节
非重读音节
开音节
闭音节
开音节：
①以一个元音字母结尾的重读音节。
②一个元音字母后又有一个辅音字母（r除外）再加e的重读音节。
闭音节：
以一个元音字母，后面又跟一个或几个辅音字母（r除外）的重读音节。
三、元音字母在重读开、闭音节中的读音：
重读开音节 重读闭音节
a 【】 【】
e 【】 【】
i 【】 【】
o 【】 【】
u 【】 【】
【】
y 【】 【】
四、字母组合的读音
1、r字母组合
字母组合 发音 例词
ar 【】
er 【】
ir 【】
or 【】
ur 【】
2、a字母组合
字母组合 发音 例词 字母组合 发音 例词
ai au
al aw
air
ay are
ass
3、e字母组合
字母组合 发音 例词 字母组合 发音 例词
ee ear
ea eir
ei eer
ew ere
4、o和i字母组合
字母组合 发音 例词 字母组合 发音 例词
oa oo
oi ow
oy igh
ou
ough
oul
5、辅音字母及其组合
字母组合 发音 例词 字母组合 发音 例词
p f
b v
t s
d z
k tr
g dr
5、辅音字母及其组合
字母组合 发音 例词 字母组合 发音 例词
ts h
ds j
m r
n qu
w ck
y sh
5、辅音字母及其组合
字母组合 发音 例词 字母组合 发音 例词
c gh
g kn
l ng
s th
ch x
wr wh
6、某些字母及其组合的特殊读音
字母组合 发音 例词 字母组合 发音 例词
a o
al ou
ar gh
or s
ea gn
dge tch
mb t
i tion
7、-s(es)结尾与-ed结尾的读音
加s(es) 加ed
结尾是清辅音
结尾是浊辅音
结尾是s/x/ch/sh
结尾是t/d
根据拼读规则读出下列单词：
tale sighting witness case murder progress lately thick state dusty dark backpack bite note sunrise dawn spot claim form brave artist fresh army pick task indeed
五、因名词复数、合成词、派生词等引起的因变
根据拼读规则读出下列单词：
mill heed leak bid tank
geese pod sought sum
mate guard peach dine lap
cop faith sigh seize mash
rake latch cheer vain wed
语法
词类
实词
名词noun n.
代词pron.
数词num.
形容词adj. 或 a.
副词adv.或ad.
动词verb v. vt. vi.
虚词
冠词 art. 介词prep.
连词conj. 感叹词int.
说出下列单词的词性：
discover dialogue banana but eleven from happy now what write near often very short think usually when until ninth their beauty aha the decide popular still well Lily I before hard beyond hair rise raise happen must be shall does
构词法
一、合成
合成名词basketball spaceship boyfriend supermarket greenhouse handwriting shoemaking
合成形容词warm-hearted five-storeyed man-made first-class second-hand hardworking newly-built well-known two-day five-year-old 100-metre
合成介词 inside throughout within
用下列两组词中的任意一个组成一个合成词：
☆sun head earth flash play hair hand brain sight sleep fire gold ever water home computer
☆ quake shake cut rise ache boy light washing fish seeing town walking man lasting proof sick
构词法
二、派生
前缀
否定前缀 unhappy unimportant unknown unlock impolite misspell disagree disappear
非否定前缀 encourage enrich enlarge enable
猜测下列单词的汉语意思：
disobey incomplete irresponsible
nonsmoker unexpected unforgettable
unwrap mislead malnutrition cooperate
microphone mini-skirt overwork
anti-war interpersonal post-war
pre-school rebuild bilingual multimedia
semi-circle tricycle telescope empower
endanger vice-president transplant
后缀
名词后缀-er -or -ess -ian -ist -ment –tion -ship -hood -th -ing -ness
形容词后缀-able -ible -al -ic -ical -ish -ful -less -ly -en -ern -y -ous -ant -ed -ing
副词后缀-ly fully -ward(s) afterwards westward
动词后缀-en redden deepen
数词后缀-teen -ty -th
构词法
三、转化
名词转化为动词email wrong
形容词转化为动词slow down
动词转化为名词smell love
形容词转化为名词final daily
猜测下列单词的汉语意思：
kingdom bravery mouthful girlhood
socialism hardship Londoner teenager
lioness booklet refusal starvation
employer employee silencer selfishness
simple-minded successful colorless
monkeylike brotherly hairy drinkable
talkative quicken beautify modernize
构词法
四、 缩写和简写
1.剪切法 photo lab
2.混成法 brunch motel
3.首字母缩略法 BBC www UFO VIP DIY WTO UNISECO
猜测下列单词的汉语意思：
ad prof memo mike stereo flu
fridge EU e.g. H.K. L.A. MIT
ID I.O.U. AIDS APEC
句子种类
按使用目的和交际功能分
陈述句（肯定式、否定式）
疑问句
祈使句(表示命令、请求等）
感叹句（what / how)
There be 句型
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
选择疑问句
反意疑问句
句子种类
按句子结构分
简单句
并列句 （常见的并列连词and but or for however thus therefore yet while when neither…nor.. either…or... not only…but also…）
复合句 （由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子）
S+V
S+V+O
S+V+P
S+V+IO+DO
S+V+O+C
句子种类
复合句
名词性从句
定语从句
状语从句
主语从句
表语从句
宾语从句
同位语从句
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
时间 地点 原因 目的 结果
条件 让步 比较 方式 程度
Some people love him while others hate him.
When we shall meet again hasn’t been decided yet.
That she is good at music is known to us all.
The problem is whether you can do it yourselves.
I don’t know what you really mean.
I have no idea when he will be back.
This is the house where he lived 10 years ago.
His father, who is 43 years old, works in a factory.
If it doesn’t rain, I will go out.
例句
简单句五种基本句型歌诀
英语句子万万千，五大句型把线牵。
句型种类看动词，后接成分是关键。
系词之后接表语，不及物后无需连。
及物又可分两类，单宾双宾最常见。
还有宾语补足语，各种搭配记心间。
句子成分巧记歌诀
主谓宾表定状补，七种成分记清楚。
句子主干主谓宾（表），枝叶成分定状补。
定语修饰主宾表，宾语之后常有补。
主谓人称数一致，状语位置最灵活。
说出下列简单句的种类：
The story happened in London in 1897.
My recent book sells well.
Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.
She laid the papers on my desk.
We should remain modest at any time.
All his dreams have come true.
She promised me a nice gift on Christmas day.
说出下列简单句的种类：
8. Will you please pass the book to me
9. My parents bought a bicycle for me.
10. We have made our school a beautiful garden.
11. The girl saw two men enter the house.
12. I can hear someone playing the violin next door.
13. Nobody noticed the office broken into.
14. They painted the door red.
常见的连系动词：
be (am, is, are) seem appear stay remain keep become get turn grow go come fall prove look smell sound taste feel
We are what we eat.
句子成分：
主语：表示所说的是谁或是什么 名词 The book is new.
代词 He is my father.
数词 The first is better than the others.
不定式 To work with him is my wish.
动名词 Playing with fire is dangerous.
词组 A knife and fork is on the table.
从句 What we need is more time.
句子成分：
表语：说明主语的特征、类别、状态或身份 名词 He is a doctor.
代词 The book is mine.
数词 Two times three is six.
形容词、副词 He is polite. / My father is out.
不定式 动名词 His wish is to become a lawyer.
My job is teaching.
分词 介词短语 I am excited at his success.
He is always in a hurry.
从句 This is what he wants to say.
句子成分：
宾语：表示动作的承受者 名词 We love our school.
代词 She can dress herself.
数词 I’ve got only three.
不定式 I wanted to go there.
动名词 He is fond of playing football.
从句 I don’t know what I should do.
句子成分：
宾语补足语：在宾语后补足宾语的内容 名词 I find him an honest boy.
形容词 His death made me sad.
分词 He kept me waiting for an hour.
不定式 I ask him to have a rest.
介词短语 I found the old man in bad health.
句子成分：
定语：用来修饰名词或代词 名词 He is an English teacher.
代词 Please show me another book.
数词 形容词副词 The fifth lesson is very easy.
The man upstairs is a doctor.
不定式 I have a lot of work to do today.
动名词 What a nice swimming pool !
分词 Please bring me boiled water.
从句 I know the boy who is standing there.
句子成分：
同位语：说明其前一名词或代词的具体内容 名词 Our teacher Mr. Li is very kind.
代词 We each have a book.
数词 We two will go to see you.
从句 The news that he will visit China is true.
句子成分：
状语：用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子 名词 He walked 20 miles.
形容词 副词 She smiled, full of happiness.
不定式 He stopped to have a rest.
介词短语 They are playing on the playground .
分词 Given more time, I can do it better.
从句 独立主格结构 We’ll go where we are most needed.
He rushed out, gun in hand.
巩固训练
What you said just now has nothing to do with the matter we’re discussing.
Judging from his accent, he is from Hunan.
It’s a pity that you didn’t read the book.
She was the teacher who taught us English Literature.
Nancy’s English is better than anyone else’s in her class.
There ought to be no trouble because he knew the answers.
说出下列句子划线部分的成分
巩固训练
7. Does it matter if he can’t finish the job on time
8. We saw the teacher making the experiment.
9. She pretended not to see me when I passed by.
10. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not to make it more difficult.
11. They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.
12. Last night I followed him here and climbed in, sword in hand.
巩固训练
说出下列句子的类型
I don’t think it will be very cold today.
Using a mobile phone doubles the risk of developing brain cancer.
I’ll go to see you the moment I finish the work.
Do you go to work by bus or by bike
Turn down the radio---the baby is sleeping.
The film brought the hours back to me when I was taken good care of in the faraway village.
巩固训练
说出下列句子的类型
7. John shut everyone out of the kitchen so that he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.
8. The news that they won the game arrived soon.
9. Such things ought not to be allowed, ought they
10. It’s a fine day. Let’s go fishing, shall we
Welcome to Binhai Senior High School !

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