资源简介

Unit 2　Lessons in life
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The brilliant hotel is in 　　　　　　possession of this famous family.
2.It is obvious that malnutrition 　　　　　　　　(weaken) the patient sharply so far.
3.Many years of watching China’s rapid development has turned a lot of people in Hong Kong from 　　　　　　　(pessimistic) into optimists.
4.There’s been an atmosphere of 　　　　　　(anticipate) around here for a few days now.
5.His effort 　　　　　　(reunite) families began with a Christmas gift from his mother.
6.He received the award in recognition 　　　　　　his progress or success over the past year.
7.By 　　　　　　(cooperate) with China, the majority of the countries in the world have kept the epidemic under control.
8.In those days, many families in China used to be 　　　　　　(cram) in a small house, which has greatly changed now.
9.The large hall of that building is 　　　　　　(luxury) furnished and carpeted.
10.There are a wide range of top famous high bridges in the world, many of 　　　　　　are built in China.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
What do extreme marathoners, mountain hikers and professional bicycle racers all have in common They push their bodies to unsustainable (不可持续的) extremes of physical stress.
We tend to think there’s no limit to human physical achievements. But a new study, published in Science Advances, says there is a definite limit to human endurance (耐力). Beyond that, our bodies begin to break down.
To find the limit, a US research team tracked marathon runners over a five-month period, measuring competitors’ initial basal metabolic rates (BMR, 基础代谢率)—the amount of energy they expend when they rest. Then they looked at how many calories(卡路里) each runner burned per day.
The team found that the maximum amount of energy a human can expend is 2.5 times of BMR. It equals 4,000 calories of energy per day. These calories can help a trained athlete to run about 42 kilometres in a day.
But people can’t keep using this amount of calories all the time. “You can do really intense stuff for a couple of days, but if you want to last longer then you have to dial it back,” US evolutionary anthropologist Herman Pontzer told the BBC.
Pontzer explained that the problem is our guts (消化道). “There’s a limit to how many calories our guts can effectively absorb per day,” he said in the Daily Mail. At that point, the body is burning calories more quickly than it can absorb food and convert (转化) it into energy.
These new findings could help athletes to best work underneath this ceiling. For example, they could manage their daily exercise time based on their BMR, to get enough calories and keep going.
However, Pontzer’s team can’t rule out the possibility of someone breaking this limit. “So I guess it’s a challenge to elite endurance athletes,” said Pontzer. “Science works when you’re proven wrong. Maybe someone will break through that ceiling some day and show us what we’re missing.”
(　　)1.What did the US research team find in the new study
A.One’s endurance can be improved through exercise.
B.A trained athlete can do intense activities for more than a week.
C.The average BMR for athletes is 4,000 calories of energy per day.
D.The energy one can expend is no more than 2.5 times of their BMR per day.
(　　)2.What is the main purpose of Paragraph 6
A.To tell us the problem with our guts.
B.To show how our bodies produce energy.
C.To explain why there is a limit to human endurance.
D.To prove the importance of our guts to physical activities.
(　　)3.The new findings could help athletes 　　　　.
A.keep a more balanced diet
B.save time and reduce stress
C.arrange their training properly
D.improve their performance quickly
(　　)4.Which of the following would Pontzer probably agree with
A.It’s possible that someone could break the endurance limit.
B.It’s no good trying to work above the 2.5x endurance ceiling.
C.Further data is needed to make the study’s results more accurate.
D.The 2.5x endurance ceiling is not a problem for many elite athletes.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Songs bring us through our life. Each time I listen to my favourite song Reach, I’m deeply 　1　 by its lyrics: “If I could reach higher; Just for one moment touch the sky”. When we hear this 　2　 song sung by Gloria Estefan, we can 　3　 imagine how she managed to return to the stage after her serious back injury. In 1990, this Cuban singer was 　4　 down in a terrible traffic accident, and the doctor declared that she might never walk again. But Gloria did not 　5　 and kept on working hard towards her recovery. Just one year after the disaster 　6　, she stood up again and presented this encouraging song at the Atlanta Olympics.
Whenever I think of Gloria, a 　7　 crowds in my mind. When I entered university, naturally shy, ordinary-looking, and with poor scores in my lessons, just like an ugly duckling, I seemed to be the 　8　 outstanding one in my class. Continuous failures drove me into 　9　. “Am I to take a back seat to everyone else ” 　10　 to give in to such a fate I spared no effort to work on my lessons and joined in many 　11　, such as English speech contests and dramas. I just wanted to catch every little chance to 　12　 myself. My continuous efforts finally paid off. I received some 　13　. More importantly, I 　14　 courage and confidence to face any difficulty in my life.
Life is just like farming. You 　15　 what you sow. Once you have a dream, don’t hesitate. Keep moving!
(　　)1.A.convinced B.disturbed
C.impressed D.discouraged
(　　)2.A.entertaining B.inspiring
C.boring D.puzzling
(　　)3.A.easily B.simply
C.finally D.hardly
(　　)4.A.knocked B.cut
C.pulled D.turned
(　　)5.A.give away B.give back
C.give out D.give up
(　　)6.A.happened B.ended
C.lasted D.returned
(　　)7.A.fancy B.view
C.memory D.question
(　　)8.A.most B.more
C.least D.very
(　　)9.A.hopelessness B.weakness
C.trouble D.anger
(　　)10.A.Free B.Eager
C.Disappointed D.Unwilling
(　　)11.A.parties B.games
C.activities D.meetings
(　　)12.A.satisfy B.improve
C.enjoy D.forgive
(　　)13.A.awards B.thanks
C.gifts D.comments
(　　)14.A.confirmed B.gained
C.combined D.requested
(　　)15.A.harvest B.reserve
C.expand D.discover
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Green spring renews life’s promise
For me, two of the 1.　　　　　　 (lovely) words in the English language are “Life persists”. I came across them years ago as a college freshman, sitting in the library on 2.　　　　　　 beautiful spring day, bored, working on a history paper. Out of nowhere, those two words came 3.　　　　　　 (dance) off the page in a quote by Gandhi, “In the midst of death life persists, in the midst of untruth truth persists, in the midst of darkness light persists.”
After those words 4.　　　　　　 (read) again a dozen times, suddenly I was no longer bored. Outside in the sunshine, I kicked off my shoes and danced barefoot across a spring-green lawn.
I love spring. And this year, I was especially hungry to see it. Flying home last weekend to Las Vegas, I looked down on hills that were so green 5.　　　　　　 I could almost taste them. When I approached Las Vegas, the green turned a dull desert brown.
But the next morning, to my surprise, I 6.　　　　　　(awake) to find signs of spring all over my yard. 7.　　　　　　 my absence, all sorts of things had leafed and bloomed. Three days later, I drove to Arizona to visit a friend and get yet another taste of spring seeing the Giants play the A’s in spring training. The drive across the desert was 8.　　　　　　 (complete) great, a variety of wild flowers and blooming cactuses along the way.
Sometimes we need the chance 9.　　　　　　　　　　 (remind) that we’re still alive. Life persists, and so do we in the green of spring and the dead of winter, in the birth of a child and the passing of a loved one, in the words we leave behind and the hearts of those 10.　　　　　　 will remember us. Spring reminds us that we’re alive forever.
参考答案
Ⅰ.1.the　2.has weakened　3.pessimists　4.anticipation　5.to reunite
6.of　7.cooperating　8.crammed　9.luxuriously　10.which
Ⅱ.【文章大意】 本文是说明文。一项新的研究表明,人类的耐力是有明确的极限的,一个人所能消耗的最大能量是基础代谢率的2.5倍。这一发现可以帮助运动员根据基础代谢率来安排每天的训练。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第四段中“The team found that the maximum amount of energy a human can expend is 2.5 times of BMR.”可知,研究小组发现,一个人所能消耗的最大能量不超过他的基础代谢率的2.5倍。故选D项。
2.C　推理判断题。根据第五段“But people can’t keep using this amount of calories all the time.”可知,人们的耐力是有限的;根据第六段“…the problem is our guts(消化道).‘There’s a limit to how many calories our guts can effectively absorb per day,’…(……问题在于我们的消化道。“我们的消化道每天有效吸收的卡路里的量是有限的,”……) ”可知,第六段解释了人类的耐力有限的原因,这是因为消化道每天有效吸收的卡路里的量是有限的。故选C项。
3.C　推理判断题。根据第七段中“…they could manage their daily exercise time based on their BMR, to get enough calories and keep going.(……他们可以根据基础代谢率来安排每天的锻炼时间,以获得足够的卡路里并继续锻炼。)”可以推断出,新的发现能够帮助运动员更合理地安排自己的训练。故选C项。
4.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“However, Pontzer’s team can’t rule out the possibility of someone breaking this limit.(然而,Pontzer的团队不能排除有人突破这个极限的可能性。)”和最后一句“Maybe someone will break through that ceiling some day…”可知,Pontzer会认为有可能会有人打破这个耐力极限。故选A项。
Ⅲ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者每当听到古巴歌手Gloria Estefan演唱的Reach,都被歌词深深打动,作者几乎无法想象她是如何在背部严重受伤后重返舞台并且唱出了这么励志的歌曲的。作者由此想到了自己,并告诫读者,一旦你有了梦想,不要犹豫,要去实现它。
1.C　句意:每次我听我最喜欢的歌曲Reach,我都被它的歌词深深地打动……。convince使确信;disturb干扰;impress给……留下深刻的好印象;discourage使灰心。根据上文my favourite song Reach可知,这首歌是作者最喜欢的歌曲,因此作者对歌曲的歌词印象特别深刻。故选C项。
2.B　句意:当我们听到Gloria Estefan演唱的这首鼓舞人心的歌曲时,我们几乎无法想象她是如何在背部严重受伤后重返舞台的。entertaining有趣的;inspiring鼓舞人心的;boring令人厌烦的;puzzling令人迷惑的。根据下文this encouraging song可知,这首歌是鼓舞人心的。encouraging与inspiring为同义词。故选B项。
3.D　句意同上。easily容易地;simply简单地;finally最后;hardly几乎不。Gloria Estefan在事故中严重受伤,却能重返舞台,所以作者几乎不能想象她是怎么做到的。故选D项。
4.A　句意:1990年,这位古巴歌手在一场可怕的交通事故中被车撞倒,医生声称她可能再也不能走路了。根据in a terrible traffic accident可知,Gloria Estefan遭遇了交通事故。knock down“撞倒”符合句意。故选A项。
5.D　句意:但是Gloria没有放弃,继续努力恢复健康。give away泄露;give back归还;give out耗尽;give up放弃。根据“kept on”可知,Gloria Estefan没有放弃,继续努力恢复健康。故选D项。
6.A　句意:灾难发生后仅一年,她再次站了起来,在亚特兰大奥运会上演唱了这首励志歌曲。根据上文可知,Gloria Estefan遭遇了一场交通事故,本句指事故发生一年后。故选A项。
7.C　fancy想象;view观点;memory记忆;question问题。根据下文可知,作者想起了上大学时的自己,所以这是作者在回忆过去。故选C项。
8.C　句意:……我似乎是班里最不突出的一个。most最多;more更多;least最少,最小;very完全。根据上文作者对自己的描述可知,作者认为自己似乎是班里最不突出的一个。故选C项。
9.A　句意:不断的失败使我陷入绝望。不断的失败会对人产生消极的影响。hopelessness绝望;weakness弱点;trouble麻烦;anger愤怒。故选A项。
10.D　句意:不愿意屈服于这样的命运,我不遗余力地学习,参加了许多活动,如英语演讲比赛和戏剧。作者不遗余力地学习,参加了许多活动,这些都是因为作者不愿意屈服于这样的命运。故选D项。
11.C　句意同上。根据English speech contests and dramas可知,作者参加了许多活动。故选C项。
12.B　句意:我只是想抓住每一个提高自己的小小的机会。satisfy使……满意;improve提高;enjoy喜欢;forgive原谅。作者之所以要参加这些活动,是希望通过这些活动可以提高自己,使自己更自信,更有勇气。故选B项。
13.A　句意:我获得了一些奖品。award奖品;thanks感谢,感激;gift礼物,天赋;comment评论。根据“paid off”可知,作者的努力得到了回报,并且作者获得了一些奖励。故选A项。
14.B　句意:更重要的是,我获得了勇气和信心来面对生活中的任何困难。confirm确定;gain获得;combine使结合;request要求。勇气和信心不是天生就有的,它需要通过做某些事情来获得。故选B项。
15.A　句意:种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆。harvest收获;reserve保留;expand扩大;discover发现。根据“…what you sow.”可知,种什么就收获什么。故选A项。
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自身的经历,以及偶然读到的甘地的一段话联想到生命的意义。生命长存于寂静沙漠的植物中,长存于冬去春来的绿意中。冬去春来,生命依然长存,而我们也要继续前行。
1.loveliest 　考查形容词最高级。由句意以及此处的of表示“范围”可知,此处需要填入形容词最高级loveliest。
2.a 　考查冠词。此处意为“一个美丽的春日”,又因空格后的单词以辅音音素开头,故填不定冠词a。
3.dancing 　考查非谓语动词。come后接现在分词可以表示“来”的方式。dancing作为方式状语形象生动地描述了这两个词所富含的美好活力以及作者遇到它们的偶然性,故填dancing。
4.were read 　考查动词时态和语态。由本句的was及语境可知,该句描述的是过去的事情,应使用一般过去时;复数主语与动词read之间是动宾关系,应使用被动语态,故填were read。
5.that 　考查固定句型。固定句型“so…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”,故填that。
6.awoke/was awoken 　考查动词时态。根据时间状语the next morning和语境可知,本句应使用一般过去时,可以使用awake的过去式awoke或者使用was awoken。故填awoke/was awoken。
7.In/During 　考查介词。in/during one’s absence 在某人不在的时候。故填In/During。
8.completely 　考查词形转换。此处需要副词completely修饰形容词great。
9.to be reminded 　考查非谓语动词。chance to do意为“做某事的机会”;主语we与动词remind之间是动宾关系,故要用to be reminded作chance的后置定语。
10.who 　考查定语从句。空格处引导定语从句,修饰指人的先行词those,在从句中作主语,故填who。

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