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Unit 1 定语从句专项练习
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．I will appreciate it if you could share the most interesting story_________you have heard to cheer my little boy up.
2．The reason _________Michael was late for class moved all the students. This warm-hearted boy helped an old lady go to the hospital after she fell onto the ground.
3．I will never forget the nice persons and good memories ________ appeared in my life.
4．Emperor Qinshihuang united seven major states into one country_________the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
5．The reason_______ he referred to for his success is that he is always working hard.
6．This is the same book ________I lost. I've been looking for it for weeks!
7．Can you solve such problems ________were raised by the audience
8．Unlike a series of cold waves ________ cool down the nation gradually, people will experience the quick-freeze effects several times, and a cold winter is likely.
9．Recently, while looking over our future apartment, I found a spot ________I can put a small bookcase, maybe two or three shelves high.
10．A doctor with________ James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador.
11．The CCTV reporter is interviewing a man ________ family survived the earthquake.
12．There is another way ________ you can choose to solve the problem.
13．The reason ________ he failed the exam was that he had never studied hard.
14．The way ________ he taught the word to the children was easy to understand.
15．People who are mature first broke the law in a way ________ was peaceful.
16．There are several reasons _________ we can’t do that.
17．I was the only person in my office ________ was invited to the important ball.
18．He talked about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.
19．Never before have we experienced such great changes __________we are having now.
20．Here, I wish to express my thanks for the great efforts of those ________ worked hard to rescue survivors.
二、单项选择
21．The tall building over there is the place ________ the famous artist once lived.
A．when B．where C．which D．that
22．This is the place ________I have ever visited.
A．there B．when C．where D．which
23．I hate the people ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble.
A．who B．which C．they D．where
24．Teachers should try to create an atmosphere________students can enjoy learning easily.
A．which B．where C．when D．that
25．Sitting back in my seat, I can't quite believe that I'm about to travel along the railway ________many foreign experts claimed was "impossible".
A．when B．where C．that D．what
26．What if we meet with a situation ________ we won’t be able to deal with
A．where B．which C．what D．as
27．I can still remember the very sitting-room ________ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.
A．which B．what C．that D．where
28．They’re going to a big party ________ they can have a good time.
A．why B．where C．whose D．when
29．They talked about the people and things ________ they saw in that country.
A．when B．whose C．who D．that
30．I still remember the day ________ I first met Jennifer.
A．that B．where C．when D．why
31．When we finished lunch at the nearby restaurant, Linda took me to examine her new house________ was being decorated by the workers.
A．when B．what C．where D．which
32．The scientists have made an exhaustive study of the virus ________ many people have been infected.
A．to which B．with which C．in which D．for which
33．There are hundreds of scenes in English novels________ characters walk through a landscape of fallen leaves, _________ reflect the feelings of the characters.
A．where; that B．that; when C．which; where D．where; which
34．To be honest, we admire him for the way ________ he solved the problem.
A．in which B．how C．why D．in that
35．This is one of the best films _______ this year
A．which has been shown B．that have been shown
C．that have shown D．having been shown
三、完成句子
36．朋友是一个你能与其分享一些东西的人。
A friend is someone________.
37．所有掉下来的苹果都被猪吃了。
All the apples________ were eaten by the pigs.
38．到目前为止，这是我看过的最鼓舞人心的电影。
This is by far the most inspiring movie________.
39．工人们为房屋已经被毁的幸存度者建造了避难所。
Workers built shelters for survivors________.
40．今天早上我开会迟到的原因是我起床晚了。
________ ________ ________ I was late for the meeting this morning ________ ________ I got up late.
四、根据所给汉语提示填空
用“介词+关系代词”完成句子
41．学生们应该积极参加那些能够让他们获得社会经验的社区活动。
Students should take an active part in the community activities ______ ______ they can gain social experience.
42．这正是救了我儿子的那名警察。
This is the policeman ______ ______ my son was saved.
43．这是我两年前住过的房子。
This is the house ______ ______ I lived two years ago.
44．在我的第一堂化学课上，我知道了这个事实：这种无色气体被称作氧气，没有它我们无法生存。
In my first chemistry class I knew the fact that this kind of colorless gas ______ ______ we can’t live is called oxygen.
45．历史是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。
History is the subject in our school ______ ______ every student is interested.
五、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A girl who has a gift for drawing
I went to an exhibition last month, 46． I admired a lot of wonderful paintings. Mary, 47．drawings were shown at the exhibition, is a model student 48．is often praised for her good work at school. As soon as we got into the exhibition hall 49． the paintings were on show, our eyes were caught by a very large picture 50．was hung on the wall in front of us. The horse 51．was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse. The man 52．was riding on it looked like a living man. It was the best picture 53． I had ever seen, and I should say Mary is the best young painter 54．I have ever heard of. However, you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary was born a good painter. One of her teachers told me that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing before she became the best young painter 55．has ever been heard of in her hometown. But if you say that she has learned to be so good at drawing only by working hard at it, I will certainly agree with you.
参考答案
1．that
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：如果你能分享你听到的最有趣的故事来让我的小男孩振作起来，我将不胜感激。story为先行词，且有形容词最高级修饰，从句缺宾语。关系代词为that。故填that。
【点睛】
2．why
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：迈克尔上课迟到的原因感动了所有的学生。这个热心的男孩帮助一位摔倒在地的老太太去医院。the reason是先行词，在定语从句中作原因状语，用表原因的关系副词，故填why。
3．that
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我生命中出现的好人和美好的回忆。the nice persons and good memories为先行词，既指人又指物，从句部分缺主语。关系代词只能用that。故填that。
【点睛】
4．where
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：秦始皇将七个主要国家统一为一个国家，中国的文字系统开始向一个方向发展。分析可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为country，关系词代替它在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。
5．that/which/不填
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他提到他成功的原因是他总是努力工作。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是the
reason，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词that/which引导或者可以省略。故填that/which/不填。
6．that
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这就是我丢的那本书。我找了好几个星期了！分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词book，指物，且有the same修饰，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词that引导。故填that。
7．as
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：观众提出的这些问题，你能解决吗？因为先行词problem前面有such修饰，所以后面的定语从句由关系代词as来引导。故填as。
8．which/that
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：与逐渐冷却的寒潮不同，国民将会经历多次的快速冻结，很有可能迎来寒冷的冬天。分析句子结构可知，此处考查定语从句；从句缺少主语，所以用关系代词引起从句；先行词是cold waves，所以用指代物的关系代词。故填that或which。
9．where
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：最近，在展望我们未来的公寓时，我发现一个地方可以放一个小书柜，大概有两到三个书架那么高。句中先行词为spot，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。根据句意，故填where。
10．whom
【详解】
考查定语从句的引导词。句意：一名曾经和詹姆斯一起工作过的医生在2016年厄瓜多尔地震中去世。分析句子结构可知，句子是“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句，先行词doctor是人，因此空格处是whom，故填whom。
11．whose
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中央电视台的记者正在采访一个人，他的家人在地震中幸存下来。根据句意可知，“　　　　 family survived the earthquake.”为定语从句，修饰a man；先行词a
man作从句主语family的定语，表示所属关系，用关系代词whose引导。故填：whose。
12．that/which
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：你可以选择另一种方法来解决这个问题。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词another way，关系词在定语从句中作动词choose的宾语，应用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
13．why/for which
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他考试失败的原因是他从来没有努力学习。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，先行词指原因，定语从句中缺少原因状语，应用关系副词why或者介词for+which引导从句。故填why/for which。
14．that/in which
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他教孩子们单词的方式很容易理解。分析句子，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the way，关系词在定语从句中作方式状语，the way作先行词，关系词可以使用that或者in which。故填that/in which。
15．which/that
【详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：成熟的人首先以和平的方式破坏法律。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词way，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，可用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。
16．why
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：有好几个我们不能做那件事的原因。分析可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词reasons在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why。故填why。
【点睛】
17．who/that
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我是办公室里唯一被邀请参加那个重要舞会的人。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是person，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词that/who引导定语从句。故填who/that。
18．that
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他谈论了他们在学校记得的事情和人。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是things and persons，既指人又指物，且关系词在定语从句中作动词remembered的宾语，所以空处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。
19．as
【详解】
考查定语从句的连词。句意：我们之前从来没经历过像现在这么大的改变。根据句子分析可知，主句为否定词位于句首的倒装“Never before have we experienced such great changes”，“______we are having now”为定语从句，先行词为such great changes，指物。定语从句中we为主语，are having为谓语动词，缺少宾语。先行词被such修饰，故只能用as引导出来。故填as。
20．who
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在此，我谨对广大抗震救灾人员付出的巨大努力表示感谢。此处为定语从句修饰先行词those，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故用关系代词who引导。故填who。
21．B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：那边的那座高楼是那位著名艺术家曾经住过的地方。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是place ，指地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选B。
22．D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这是我曾经去过的地方。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是
place，指物，关系词在定语从句中作动词visited的宾语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选D。
23．A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我讨厌那些在别人有困难时不帮助别人的人。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是people，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词who引导定语从句。故选A。
24．B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：老师应该努力营造一个学生可以轻松享受学习的氛围。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词atmosphere指物，关系词代替它在从句中作抽象地点状语，应用关系副词where。故选B。
【点睛】
25．C
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：靠在椅背上，我简直不敢相信我要沿着许多外国专家声称“不可能”的铁路旅行。分析句子可知，本句涉及一个限制性定语从句，空处需要填入关系代词，代替先行词the railway，在从句中作claimed的宾语，所以填that。故选C项。
26．B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：如果我们遇到我们无法处理的情况怎么办 分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是situation，指物，关系词在定语从句中作动词短语deal with的宾语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选B。
27．D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我还记得我母亲和我过去常常在晚上坐的那个起居室。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是sitting-room ，指物，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选D。
28．B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他们要去参加一个盛大的聚会，在那里他们可以玩得很开心。空处引导定语从句，先行词party在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故选B。
29．D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他们谈论他们在那个国家看到的人和事。空处引导定语从句，先行词是the people and things，既有人也有物，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词that引导。故选D。
30．C
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我仍然记得我第一次见到詹妮弗的那天。A. that那（关系代词，在定语从句中作主语或者宾语）；B. where哪里（关系副词，在定语从句中作地点状语）；C. when什么时候（关系副词，在定语从句中作时间状语）；D. why为什么（关系副词，在定语从句中作原因状语）。分析句子，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the day，先行词指时间，定语从句中缺少时间状语，应用关系副词when。故选C项。
31．D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当我们在附近的餐馆吃完午饭时，琳达带我去检查她的新房子，这所房子正在由工人们装修。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“house”，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“which”引导从句。故选D项。
32．B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：科学家们对这种已感染了许多人的病毒作了详尽的研究。分析句子可知，这里使用了定语从句，先行词是the virus，定语从句中使用了词组be infected with，意为“感染上”，所以缺少介词with和关系代词which。故选B项。
33．D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在英国小说中，有数百个场景是人物走过一片落叶的景色，这反映了人物的情感。分析句子结构可知，第一空引导定语从句，先行词是 hundreds of
scenes，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导；第二个设空处引导非限制性定语从句且在句中作主语，先行词为前面的整个句子，需用关系代词which引导。故选D。
34．A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：说实话，我们钦佩他解决问题的方法。设空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作状语，先行词为way，应用in which。故答案为A。
35．B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这是今年上映的最好的电影之一。此处为定语从句，先行词是films，指物，复数，被最高级the best 修饰，并在从句中作主语，此时应用关系代词that；先行词that与从句中的动词show是被动关系，因而用被动语态be shown，再用完成时表示“已上映”，主句是一般现在时，从句用现在完成时，所以用that have been shown。故选B。
【点睛】
36．whom you can rely on
【详解】
考查定语从句。rely on (依靠、信赖)，句中先行词为someone，指人，在定语从句中作介词on的宾语，所以用关系代词whom。根据句意，故填whom you can rely on。
37．that fell down
【详解】
考查定语从句。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“掉下来的”，用定语从句来限定apples，apples作先行词，被all修饰，定语从句引导词用that，“掉下来”是固定短语fall down，由空格后的were可知，句子时态是一般过去时，因此空格处是that fell down，故填that fell down。
38．that I have ever seen
【详解】
考查定语从句。表示“我看过的”可用定语从句，修饰movie(电影)，且先行词前面有the most inspiring(最鼓舞人心的)来修饰，这是形容词最高级，所以关系词只能用that，在定语从句中做宾语，根据句意和时间标志词by far(到目前为止)可知，此处应用现在完成时，所以表示“我看过的”应用I have ever seen，故答案为that I have ever seen。
39．whose homes had been destroyed
【详解】
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，本句是含有定语从句的主从句结构。主句部分主语是Workers,built 动词过去式做谓语，shleters做宾语，for survivors是介宾短语做主句的状语。根据句意，设空处是定语从句，修饰先行词survivors。根据句意“房屋已经被毁的幸存者”分析定语从句引导词做homes的定语，表示...的，引导词whose引导定语从句做定语，故用whose引导。定语从句谓语动词“被毁”发生在动词“建造”之前，属于过去的过去，再结合句意，用过去完成时态的被动语态。故翻译为whose homes had been destroyed.
40．The reason why was that
【详解】
考查定语从句和表语从句。分析句子可知，主干结构为主系表，其中主语和表语都是从句，主语“今天早上我上课迟到的原因”需要用定语从句来表达，先行词为the reason，表原因关系词要用why；主语和表语之间需要系动词和连接词，表语从句句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导；谓语是第三人称单数，句子描述的动作已经发生要用一般过去时，系动词应使用was。故填①The；② reason；③ why；④was；⑤ that。
41． from which
42． by whom
43． in which
44． without which
45． in which
【解析】
41．考查定语从句。先行词为the community activities，因此“介词+关系代词”中的关系代词应用which，gain...from...“从……中获得”。故填(1). from；(2). which。
42．考查定语从句。先行词为the policeman，因此“介词+关系代词”中的关系代词应用whom，be saved by“被……救”。故填(1). by；(2). whom。
43．考查定语从句。先行词为the house，因此“介词+关系代词”中的关系代词应用which，live in“住在……”。故填(1). in；(2). which。
44．考查定语从句。先行词为this kind of colorless gas，因此“介词+关系代词”
中的关系代词应用which，without“没有……”。故填(1). without；(2). which。
45．考查定语从句。先行词为the subject，因此“介词+关系代词”中的关系代词应用which，be interested in“对……感兴趣”。故填(1). in；(2). which。
46．where
47．whose
48．who/that
49．where
50．that/ which
51．that/ which
52．who/that
53．that
54．that
55．that
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去看画展的一次经历。
46．
考查非限制性定语从句关系副词。句意：上个月我去了一个展览会，在那里我欣赏了很多很棒的画。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为an exhibition，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语，意为“在那里”。故填where。
47．
考查非限制性定语从句关系代词。句意：玛丽的画作在展览会上展出，她是一个模范学生，经常因为她在学校的出色表现而受到表扬。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Mary，关系代词whose在从句中作定语，表示所有关系。故填whose。
48．
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同2题。先行词为a model student，关系代词who/that在从句中作主语，指人。故填who/that。
49．
考查定语从句关系副词。句意：当我们进入展览大厅的时候，我们的眼睛被挂在我们面前墙上的巨幅画吸引住了。先行词为the exhibition hall，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
50．
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同4句。先行词为picture，关系代词that/ which在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/ which。
51．
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：画中的马和真正的马一模一样。先行词为The horse，关系代词that/ which在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/ which。
52．
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：骑在上面的人看起来像个活人。先行词为The man，关系代词who/that在从句中作主语，指人。故填who/that。
53．
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：这是我见过的最好的画，我应该说 Mary 是我听说过的最好的年轻画家。先行词为the best picture，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指物，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用 which。故填that。
54．
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同8题。先行词为the best young painter，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指人，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用who。故填that。
55．
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：她的一个老师告诉我，玛丽花了几千个小时学习和练习绘画，才成为她家乡听说过的最好的年轻画家。先行词为the best young painter，关系代词that在从句中作主语，指人，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用who。故填that。
【点睛】
学习定语从句除了掌握定语从句的基本规则以外，多记忆一些典型例句，做到语法句中学。例如：This is the school （that/which）I visited last year. 这是我去年参观的学校。This is the school where I studied last year.这是我去年在那里学习的学校。I will never forget the day(that/which) I spent in Beijing.我永远忘不掉我在北京度过的那天。I will never forget the day when I stayed in Beijing. 我永远忘不掉我在北京逗留的那天。I know a girl who is called Mary./I know a girl whose name is Mary.我认识个女孩名叫Mary。

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