资源简介

(共27张PPT)
Grammar
The use of “it”
it作代词
一. it作形式主语
二. It作形式宾语
三. it特殊句型
四. it常用的固定搭配
2.It is no good smoking.
3.It is likely that he will become addicted
to it.
1.It is bad to smoke.
一、it用作形式主语
用以平衡句子结构，用it来替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
对于我们来说，努力学习英语很必要。
It is necessary ____us to work hard on English.
for
你把真相说出来了，真诚实。
It is honest ___you to tell me the truth.
of
To work hard on English is necessary for us.
You are honest to tell me the truth.
It’s + adj + of / for sb. to do sth
（1）It is adj.for sb.to do sth.
It is illegal for him to drive a car without a license.
1. 替代作主语的动词不定式
此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy，difficult，hard，tough，necessary，unnecessary，possible，impossible，likely，unlikely，right，wrong，important，unimportant，legal，illegal，polite，impolite，clear，obvious，certain，suitable，proper，fit，useful，useless，dangerous…
　　
To drive a car without a license is illegal for him.
（2）It is adj. of sb. to do sth.
It's kind of you to help me with the problem.
此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind，unkind，nice，rude，cruel，selfless，thoughtful，thoughtless，careful，careless，silly，foolish，stupid，clever，wise，crazy, generous, etc.
You are kind to help me with the problem.
1. 替代作主语的动词不定式
It is no good/no use/ useless doing …
It is (well) worth doing …
It is a waste of money/ time/ energy doing…
It‘s (well) worthwhile doing/ to do…
It’s great fun doing…
2. It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型
It's no use crying over spilt milk.
覆水难收
3. it作形式主语替代主语从句
It is amazing that at my age I’m still fit
enough to cycle 20 km in an afternoon.
It is obvious that James’ grandpa lives a
very active and healthy life.
It is still a question whether we will hold
the meeting as planned.
①It is adj. +clause
(important, vital, necessary, surprising,
amazing, natural, ridiculous, unbelievable, etc)
said
reported
believed
It is thought that ...
known
told
hoped “据说（据报道…）”
②It is v-ed that…
= sb./sth. is v-ed to …
It is said that he has gone abroad for further education.
= He is said to
have gone abroad for further education.
③ It is + noun +从句
a pity
a shame
It is an honor that ...
a fact
a surprise
no wonder
common sense
It is a pity that he (should) miss such a good chance.
It is a pity that he is ill and will miss such a good chance.
(a shame, a pity)
1.I think it no use arguing with him.
2.I found it very interesting to study English.
3.He made it a rule that after supper he
would walk his dog for half an hour.
4.I hate it when it rains.
5.I enjoy it if you can help me.
二、it作形式宾语
常用的动词有think, believe, make, find,
consider, feel, enjoy, hate等
1.It is/ was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分
2.It takes sb … to do sth
3.It is one’s turn to do sth
4.It is the first/second time that sb have/has done …
It was the first/second time that sb. had done…
5.It seems/ looks/ appears that/ as if …
6.It hit/ struck/ occurred to sb that …
7.It’s up to sb to do …
8.It is/ was + 时间段+ since …
9.It was/ will be + 时间段+before…
10.I would appreciate it if …
11.It’s (high) time that sb. 过去式/should do…
三. it特殊句型
It is (was)+ 被强调部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分
判断方法？
（一）强调句型的强调部分必须是对 that / who 之后句子的某一成分表示强调，如果把“It is (was)...that ”去掉，该句应该意思完整，不缺任何句子成分：
1.Is it __ who wants to see you
A. him B. he C. his D. himself
B
2.It was __ who respected all their teachers. A. them B. their C. they D. themselves
C
3.- Who is Mary - Was it __ that you referred to A. he B. she C. her D. they
C
强调部分如果是人称代词，应根据句子需要选择它的主格或宾格形式
1.It ___ Mike and Mary who helped the old
man several days ago . A. was B. are C. were D. had been
2.It ___ at Christmas that John Smith gave
Mary a handbag. A. must have B. will be
C. might have been D. may have had
注意谓语动词形式与整个句子语境的一致性
C
A
（二）强调部分为疑问词时：
1.___ electricity plays an important part in our daily life A. Why was it that B. Why is it that
C. Why is it D. Why it is that
B
2.Who was it __ wanted to see me just now A. that B. why C. when D. when
A
3.__ you met the foreigner from Canada A. Where it was that B. Who it was that C. Where was it that D. Where was that
C
强调部分为疑问代词或疑问副词时，该强调句句型结构与特殊疑问句句型相同，即：“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”
（三）被强调部分为 " not until " 句型：
1.It was not until late in the evening ___ her husband arrived home . A. which B. when C. that D. how
C
2.It was not until 1920 __ regular radio broadcasts began. A. which B. when C. that D. since
C
Her husband didn’t arrive home until late in the evening.
The regular radio broadcasts didn’t begin until 1920.
注意 “ not ... until ” 句型的变化。
比较下列三个句子：
1.She didn't remember her appointment with the doctor until she had arrived home.
强调句
2.It was not until she had arrived home that she remembered her appointment with the doctor.
3.Not until she had arrived home did she remember her appointment with the doctor.
3.Not until
I didn’t realize she was a famous film star
until she took off her dark glasses.
1) Not until
2) It was
not until she took off her dark
glasses that I realized she was a famous
film star.
she took off her dark glasses
did I realize she was a famous film star.
改为强调结构
1.The meeting will not begin until everyone is seated.
It is not until everyone is seated that the meeting will begin.
Why is it that he came late for the meeting
2.Why did he come late for the meeting
3.How did you find his house
How was it that you found his house
1.It is/ was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分
2.It takes sb … to do sth
3.It is one’s turn to do sth
4.It is the first/second time that sb have/has done …
It was the first/second time that sb. had done…
5.It seems/ looks/ appears that/ as if …
6.It hit/ struck/ occurred to sb that …
7.It’s up to sb to do …
8.It is/ has been+ 时间段+ since …
9.It was/ will be + 时间段+before…
10.I would appreciate it if …
11.It’s (high) time that …
四. it特殊句型
9. It was/will be + 时间段+ before从句
(一段时间)后… 就/才 …
It was some time before he could speak.
It was not long before I realized my mistake.
1.I hate ___ when people talk with their mouths full.
it B. that C. these D. them
2.In which play is ___ your brother will appear
that where B. this when
C. it that D. it where
3. ___ the harder you work, the better result you’ll get.
A. It’s believed that
B. What we believed that
C. It’s fact D. What the fact is
A
C
A
4.Nothing can stop us, ___
can’t it B. can it C. can’t we D. can we
5.-Can you tell us how the war was won in the end
- I don’t know, ___.
It’s hard to say B. It doesn’t matter
C.It’s no use saying D.It depends on the work
6.Does ___ matter a lot whether she will come here by bus or by taxi
the thing B. that C. it D. her mother
A
C
B
10. ___ now pretty late, we took candles and went upstairs.
A.Being B. For C. For being D. It being
11.Our food and service are better than _____ used to be.
it B. we C. they D. them
12.The teacher told the students ____.
A.why to learn English important
B.why was it important to learn English
C.why it important to learn English
D.why it was important to learn English
D
C
D
13.The TV sets made in China are much better than ______ in Japan.
that B. those C. them D. it
14.-I’m looking for a flat.
-Would you like __ with __ garden
A.it; the B.it; a C.one; a D.one;the
15.___ four years since I joined the Army.
A.It was B.It is C.There is D.There was
B
C
B
四、It 常用的固定搭配
make it
（1）在口语当中相当于succeed，表示：成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达 例
It's hard to make it to the top in show business.
（2）在口语中相当于fix the date for，表示“约定好时间”例
—Shall we meet next week？
—OK. We just make it next Saturday.
2. take it/things easy
相当于Don‘t worry or don’t hurry. 用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心，沉住气”
Take it easy！ He will do it well.
3. It all depends/that all depends
在口语中，相当于it hasn‘t been decided yet，表示“那得看情况，还没有定下来”
—Are you going to the countryside for holiday？
—It/That all depends.
4. It's up to sb.
在口语中，相当于it's decided by sb. 表示“由……决定，由……负责，取决于……”
—Shall we go out for dinner？
—It's up to you.

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