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新概念英语第二册语法复习
动词词组
Verb phrases
类别 意　义 例　句
行为动词
Action Verbs
系 动 词
Link Verbs
助 动 词
Auxiliary Verbs
情态动词
Modal Verbs
含有实在的意义，表示动作或状态，在句中能独立作谓语。如：put run laugh
本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。如：be look get
本身没有词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词，表示否定、疑问、时态或其他语法形式。如：be does did
本身有一动的意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词，表示说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。如:can must may
She has some bananas.
They eat a lot of potatoes.
I’m reading an English book now.
His father is a teacher.
Twins usually look the same.
The teacher became angry.
He doesn’t speak English.(否定）
We are playing basketball.
（进行时态）
Do you have a brother （疑问）
You can keep them for two weeks.
May I smoke here
We must go new.
动词种类
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动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。有关动词短语的测试点主要涉及结构上选用恰当的搭配词，不同搭配含意上的辨异及不同短语的辨异。需掌握以下要点：
1、根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规律。
(I)动词+副词(不及物)
Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left.
(2)动词+副词(及物)
Please turn every light in the house off.
动词短语
2、熟悉同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同的动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的差异。
(1)同一动词和不同介词搭配时，意义上的差异。如：①hear from收到…的来信，hear of听说。 ②look after照料，look at看，look for寻找。
(2)同一动词和不同副词搭配时，意义上的差异。如：①ring back回电话, ring off挂断电话, ring up打电话 ②put away放好, put on穿，上演, put up挂起，举起。
(3)不同动词和同一介词搭配时，在意义上的差异。如：look for寻找, call for去取(某物)，去接(某人), ask for请求, wait for等候, send for派人去叫。
(4)不同动词和同一副词搭配时，在意义上的差异。如：①break out发生，爆炸, carry out进行，开展, go out熄灭, hand out分发, let out放出, look out当心, sell out卖完, set out出发, take out取出, work out算出。②break down出毛病, come down落下来, get down下车, take down取下, write down写下。
动词短语
是考查的一个热点，从题设上看，主要有以下几个方式：
1）同一个动词，后面加上不同的小品词（即介词或副词）；
2）不同的动词，后面加上相同的小品词；
3）动词不同，小品词也不同。最后一种应该是最难的，因为它考查面广，且灵活多变。动词短语在语言中具有极强的生命力和表现力。纵观近几年考试，集中考查的动词短语主要由make，take，set，give，put，carry，come，get，keep，look，cut等动词构成。
常见高频动词短语
1. break
break away 摆脱；逃跑
break down （机器）出故障；中断；分解
break into 闯入；打断；突然中断
break off 中断；折断；突然停止
break out 突然发生；爆发
break through 突破；克服；挣脱而出
break up 打碎；中断；分解
break in 破门而入；打断（谈话）；
1.When he heard his sentence，the man _________ ．
2.Your health will _________if you work too hard．
3.Don‘t _________ when your teacher is speaking．
4.The two countries _________ their relations last month．
break in
broke down
break down
broke off
2. bring
bring about 引起；造成
bring down 使倒下；使下降；使受挫折
bring forward 提出；提前（=put forward）
bring into operation实施；使生效
bring out 显示出来；出版；生产
bring up 提出；教育；培养；吐出
bring back 把---送回；使想起；恢复
bring in 引进；挣得
3. call
call for 需要；要求；邀请
call off 取消；停止
call on 看望；号召
call up 打电话；使人想起；召集
call at 访问
call in 请来；召集
call back 回电话；召回
1. We called ____ Mike's house yesterday.
2. All ships sailing on the oceans call ________ help by radio in English.
3. I'll call ________ my uncle at Beijing Railway Station.
4. Let's call ________ a doctor for the little girl.
5. Many of these songs called ________ the workers to take up the struggle.
6. I shall call _____ him tomorrow.
at
for
for
in
on
on
4. Come
Come at 攻击;向...冲去
come about 发生
come across 偶遇；碰到；讲清楚
come along 进展；成功；一道走
come down 下降；病倒；传下来
come off 发生；举行；成功
come on 快点；走吧；有进展
come out 出来；结果是出版
come round/around再现；恢复知觉；改变看法
come through 经历；获得成功
come to 苏醒；达到；总数为
come up 发生；走上前去;(时间)快到
come up to 达到（高度、程度）；符合
come up against 碰到（困难）
come up with 赶上；提出
1. I came _______ him first in Beijing.
2. Come _____, try it again.
3. I'll help you too if any beast comes _____ you.
4. It is impossible for a dead animal to come _ .
5. The airplane came _____ in that field.
down
across
on
at
to
5. cut
cut across 绕劲道穿过；超越；遮住
cut back 削减；终止；急忙返回
cut down 削减；减少
cut in 插嘴；打断；突然出来
cut off 切断；中断；隔绝
cut out 删掉；戒掉
cut short 中断；打断；缩短
1.Let‘s cut _____ the unimportant details．
2.The rope is two feet longer than we needed，so we cut _____ the extra length．
3.The telephone operator cut us _____ before we had finished our conversation．
4.The telephone operator cut _____ and said that I had already spoken 3minutes．
out
off
In
off
6. carry
carry on 继续；坚持
carry out 执行；实施
carry through 帮助度过难关；完成；实现
7. die
die away 渐弱
die down 熄灭；平静下来
die of 因----（病）死亡
die from 因----（外部原因）死亡
die out 灭绝；绝种
be dying to do sth. 迫切想做某事
1.He carried _____ the plan without difficulty．
2.Perseverance will carry a man ______．
3.I expect my son to carry _____ the family tradition．
out
through
on
8. give
give away 赠送；颁发；泄露；告发；失去
give out 分发；公布；公开；用完（vi）;耗尽（vi）
give off 发出；放出
give up 放弃；自首；将-----交给某人（to sb.）;对某人不报希望（on sb.）
give in 屈服；投降；让步；上交；呈交
1. In those days, he used to give _____ a part of his income to help his friend.
2. Both sides argued with reason, and neither would give _____.
3. If they are burned, they give _____ poisonous gases.
4. When they made ready to climb the next ridge（山脊）， they found that their oxygen had given ______.
out
off
in
away
9. go
go along 进展；陪同前往
go by 时间过去；经过；遵守
go down 下降；下沉；下跌
go for 去；选择；想要；攻击（用语言）
go in for 从事；爱好；参加（选拔赛、考试等）
go into 研究；调查，从事
go off 离开；爆炸；食品变坏；断电；熄灭；（与副词连用或用于疑问句）进行；发生
go on 继续进行；发生；上场
go out 离开；熄灭；过时
go over 浏览；仔细查看；检查；审查
go through 通过；经历（苦难）；仔细检查
go up 上升；增长；涨价
1. The crocodile went _____ under the water.
2. If you never read the newspapers, you'll never know what's going ______ in the world.
3. They went _____ their lessons together at night.
4. The police went _______ very room of the building.
through
over
on
down
10. get
get through 浏览；翻阅；经历困难（痛苦）；做完某事
get in 收割；收获；收集；购买；买进；插话
get over 克服；战胜；熬过；做完；结束；走完
get on 继续；进行；上车
get round 传播；散播；说服某人；回避；避开
get about 四处走动；传开
get across 传达；使---让人理解
get along/on (with) 进展；相处
1. The bank robbers used a stolen car to get _____.
2. Have you got _____ the book you lent him
3. This mistake may get him _____ difficulties.
4. It took us only four minutes to get _____ the Customs(海关).
5. Before I could get _____ a word, he had measured me, and was giving orders for evening suits, ...
in
through
into
back
away
有着共同介词的动词短语
1.动词+about (8)
bring about引起,使发生
care about关心,对...有兴趣
come about发生
hear about听说
set about 着手,开始
speak/talk about谈论
think about思考
worry about为...担心
2.动词+away (14)
blow away吹走
break away摆脱
carry away拿走,使入迷
clear away清除掉,消散
die away逐渐消失
give away背弃,泄露
pass away 去世
put away收拾起来,存起来
send away让走开
take away拿走
throw away 扔掉
turn away把...打发走
wash away冲走
wear away磨掉,消耗
3.动词+at (18)
aim at向...瞄准
call at拜访地点
come at 向...袭击
glance at匆匆一瞥
glare at怒视
knock at敲门,窗等
laugh at嘲笑
look at看,注视
point at指向
4.动词+back (6)
call back回电话
give back归还
hold back控制住
keep back隐瞒,忍住
look back回顾
take back拿回,收回
5.动词+down (13)
break down坏了,垮了,分解
bring down使...降低,使倒下
burn down 烧毁
calm down平静下来
come down下落,传下
cut down削减,砍倒
pass down 传下来
put down记下,写下,镇压
settle down 安家
slow down慢下来
6.动词+for (18)
apply for申请
ask for要求得到
beg for乞求
call for要求,需要
care for关心,喜欢
change for用...换
charge for收费,要价
come for来拿,来取
hope/wish for希望得到
7.动词+from (9)
date from始于...时候
die from因...而死
differ from与...不同
hear from收到...来信
keep/stop/prevent from不让...做
learn from向...学习
result from由于
separate from把...分离开
suffer from受...苦
8.动词+of (10)
approve of赞成
become of发生...情况,怎么啦
complain of抱怨
consist of由...组成
die of死于
dream of梦到
hear of听说
speak of 读到
talk of谈到
think of想到
9.动词+off (21)
break off打断
carry off携走,带走
come off脱掉,褪色
cut off切断,断绝
fall off跌落,掉下
get off脱下衣服等
get off下车
give off散发出
go off走开,消失,坏了
10.动词+on (18)
bring on使...发展
call on拜访
carry on继续,进行
depend on依靠
feed on以...为生
have on穿着
insist on坚持
keep/go on继续
live on以...为生
look on 旁观
三词以上的短语动词(
add up to总计
break away from摆脱
catch sight of看见
catch up with 赶上
come into being出现
do away with废除
do well in在...干得好
get close to接近
get down to认真开始
get into the habit of染上...的习惯
get on/along with和...相处
get out of逃避,避免
get rid of摆脱
get used to习惯于
go on with继续
help oneself to随便吃,用
keep an eye on堤防
keep away fro避开,别靠近
keep in touch with保持联系
keep up with 赶上
look down on 轻视
look forward to盼望
look up to仰望,尊敬
take pride in为...而自豪
take the place of取代
1. Can you make a sentence to the meaning of the phrase
A. show off B. turn out
C. bring out D. take in
本题答案为：〔C〕.句意为“你能造一个句子来阐明这个短语的意思吗”？show off意为“炫耀、卖弄”，turn out意为“结果是（出乎意料）”，take in意为“理解、领悟、受欺骗”，而bring out意为“拿出、解释、说明”，所以选C.
2． His mother had thought it would be good for his character to from home and earn some money on his own.
A. run away
B. take away
C. keep away
D. get away
本题答案为：〔D〕. run away意为“逃跑”，take away意为“拿走、带走”，keep away意为“使……远离或不靠近”，而get away意为“离开”，所以选D.
3． He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was from the outside world.
A. cut out
B. cut off
C. cut up
D. cut through
本题答案为：〔B〕. cut out意为“裁剪、删除”，cut up意为“切碎、打伤”，cut through意为“从……中开辟出一条路”，而cut off意为“切断、中断”，所以选B.
4． It was not a serious illness, and she soon it.
A. got over
B. got on with
C. got round
D. got out of
本题答案为：〔A〕. get on with意为“进展、与……相处”，get round意为“说服、笼络某人”，get out of意为“逃走、从……中摆脱出来”，而get over 意为“康复、复原”，所以选A
5． Before the war broke out, many people in safe places possessions they could not take with them.
A. threw away
B. put away
C. gave away
D. carried away
本题答案为：〔B〕. throw away意为“扔掉”，give away意为“泄露、赠送”，carry away意为“带走、带离”，而put away意为“把……放起来/收起来、储存、备用”，所以选B.
6． It is certain that he will
his business to his son when he gets old.
A. take over
B. think over
C. hand over
D. go over
本题答案为：〔C〕. take over意为“接管、接收”，think over意为“努力思考”，go over意为“复习”，而hand over意为“交接、转移”，所以选C.
7． It’s ten years since the scientist on his life’s work of discovering the valuable chemical.
A. made for
B. set out
C. took off
D. turned up
本题答案为：〔B〕. make for意为“走向、驶向、有助于、有利于”，take off意为“脱下、起飞、成功、取消”，turn up意为“出现、露面”，而set out意为“开始、着手”，所以选B
8． — for the glass!
— It’s OK. I’m wearing shoes.
A. Look out
B. Walk out
C. Go out
D. Set out
本题答案为：〔A〕. Walk out意为“走出去”，Go out意为“出去”，Set out意为“出发、开始、着手”，而Look out for意为“小心、提防”，所以选A.
9． He accidently that he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of weeks.
A. let out
B. took care
C. made sure
D. made out
本题答案为：〔A〕. take care 意为“小心、照顾”，make sure意为“确保、确信”，make out意为“使出来”，而let out意为“透露、泄露”，所以选A.
10． The final examination is coming up soon. It’s for us to our studies.
A. get down to
B. get out
C. get back for
D. get over
本题答案为：〔A〕. get out意为“使出去/离开、逃脱”，get back for意为“回来、取”，get over意为“爬过、克服、恢复”，而get down to意为“开始、着手”，所以选A.
1.—How lovely these children are! —Yeah．They______ memories of my childhood．
called out B. called for
C. called up D. called on
2. Many kids ________ the net bar, and _____had a bad effect on their studies.
A. are addicted to; it B. get engaged in; which
C. are related to; what D. are addicted to; which
3．After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane____her job as a doctor in the countryside.
A．set out B．took over
C．took up D．set up
4. Though we _________serious natural disasters, we are sure to overcome all difficulties.
give away B. affect with
C. suffer from D. deal with
5. The shop assistant was fired as she was _________ of cheating customers．
A．accused B．charged
C．blamed D．caught
6. Asked suddenly about the matter ,he couldn’t_____an answer at once.
come up with B. look for
C. put up with D. answer for
7.My daughter is not sure what to___ at the university; she can’t make up her mind about her future.
take up B. make up
C. pick up D. build up
8. His colleagues ______ him though he himself didn’t think he had done anything special.
A. thought highly of B. looked up to
C. sing high praise of D. show great respect for
9. Hard work and lack of sleep have _____ her beauty and youth in recent years．
A. worn out B. tried out
C made out D．sent out
10. It’s obvious that the Beijing Olympic Games a great seccess．
A．kept B．showed
C proved D．remained
Good-bye!

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