资源简介

(共45张PPT)
拉波夫
叙事分析模型在读后续写中的应用
01
真题分析及评分标准
03
教学反思
02
拉波夫叙事分析模式
04
拉波夫理论教学应用
目 录
PART 01
读后续写
高考真题分析及评分标准
2023. 1 浙江 2022 新高考I卷 2022. 7 浙江 2022. 1 浙江 2021 新高考I卷 2021. 6 浙江 2021. 1 浙江 2020 新高考I卷 2020. 7 浙江 2020. 1 浙江 2018. 6 浙江 2017. 11 浙江 2017. 6 浙江 2016.
10
浙江
主题语境 人与自然 人与自我 人与社会 人与自我 人与自我 人与自我 人与自我 人与社会 人与自然 人与自然 人与自我 人与自我 人与自然 人与自我
内容 救助蜂鸟 残疾人参加长跑比赛 社区服务 小组合作 母亲节惊喜 暑期打工收入 万圣节南瓜卡头 制作爆米花帮助穷人 营地人熊对峙 帮助想念主人的宠物走出低落情绪 农场度假骑马迷路 和健忘母亲度假趣事 郊外骑行遇狼 吵架出走森林迷路
主旨 关爱动物；感恩 逆境与勇气；突破自我 关爱他人 团队精神 关爱家人 家庭成长 成长趣事 关爱他人 惊险故事 关爱动物（家人） 惊险故事 家庭关系 惊险故事 惊险故事；家庭关系
叙述视角 第一人称 第一人称 第一人称 第一人称 第三人称 第一人称 第一人称 第三人称 第一人称 第三人称 第一人称 第一人称 第三人称 第三人称
2023. 1 浙江 2022 新高考I卷 2022. 7 浙江 2022. 1 浙江 2021 新高考I卷 2021. 6 浙江 2021. 1 浙江 2020 新高考I卷 2020. 7 浙江 2020. 1 浙江 2018. 6 浙江 2017. 11 浙江 2017. 6 浙江 2016.
10
浙江
内容 救助蜂鸟 残疾人参加长跑比赛 社区服务 小组合作 母亲节惊喜 暑期打工收入 万圣节南瓜卡头 制作爆米花帮助穷人 夫妻遭遇北极熊袭击 帮助想念主人的宠物走出低落情绪 与父亲郊外骑马迷路 健忘母亲趣事 郊外骑行遇狼 吵架出走森林迷路
正文词数 337 308 322 332 305 302 339 317 313 343 314 332 342 335
划线处 0 0 10 10 0 10 10 0 10 10 10 10 10 10
中文提示 3 2 2 3 0 6 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 1
首句给词 10/ 10 13/ 14 14/ 14 10/ 15 11/ 11 6/9 13/8 15/ 10 11/7 10/ 10 11/ 11 13/ 14 8/9 11/7
1. 文章体裁多为记叙文，内容贴近生活。
2. 主题积极向上，主要围绕个人成长，关爱他人（包括动物），冒险故事。
3. 文本难度适中，语言材料原汁原味。
读后续写题型特点
评分原则
1. 本题总分为25分，按五个档次进行评分。
2. 评分时，主要从内容、语言表达和篇章结构三个方面考查，具体为：
（1）续写内容的质量、续写的完整性以及与原文情境的融洽度。
（2）所使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性。
（3）上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。
3. 评分时，应先根据作答的整体情况确定其所属的档次，然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。
4. 评分时还应注意:
（1）词数少于130的，酌情扣分；
（2）单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面，评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑，英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受；
（3）书写较差以致影响交际的，酌情扣分。
二、各档次给分范围和要求
第五档（21-25分）
——创造了丰富、合理的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高；
——使用了多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达流畅，语言错误很少，且完全不影响理解；
——自然有效地使用了段落间、句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，前后呼应，意义连贯。
第四档（16-20分）
——创造了比较丰富、合理的内容，比较有逻辑性，续写比较完整，与原文情境融洽度较高；
——使用了比较多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达比较流畅，有个别错误，但不影响理解；
——比较有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。
第三档（11-15分）
——创造了基本合理的内容，有一定的逻辑性，续写基本完整，与原文情境相关；
——使用了简单的词汇和语法结构，有一些错误和不恰当之处，但基本不影响理解；
——基本有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。
第二档（6-10分）
——内容或逻辑上有一些重大问题，续写不够完整，与原文有一定程度脱节；
——所用的词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误较多，影响理解；
——未能有效地使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不够清晰，意义不够连贯。
第一档（1-5分）
——内容或逻辑上有较多重大问题，或有部分内容抄自原文，续写不完整，与原文情境基本脱节；
——所使用的词汇非常有限，语法结构单调，错误很多，严重影响理解；
——几乎没有使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不清晰，意义不连贯。
0分
——未作答：所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判；所写内容全部抄自原文或与题目要求完全不相关；未作答。
PART 02
拉波夫叙事分析模式
拉波夫（W. Labov, 1927- ）
美国语言学家，社会语言学的代表人物之一，宾夕法尼亚大学语言学教授。1927年12月4日出生于美国Rutherford。
点题
指向
进展
评议
结局
回应
拉波夫
叙事分析模型
点题即概括故事大意，一句话概括是什么故事。
点题
Abstract
2017.11 浙江卷 A vacation with my mother
2021 新高考I卷 A mother’s day surprise
2020.7 浙江卷
点题
The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges.
When Dr. Henderson was assigning (指定) project mates for his psychology class, I secretly hoped that he would pair me with my best friend or at least a classmate I could have some fun with. Above all, I hoped he wouldn’t assign me to work with the fiercely competitive and extremely serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match. As fate (命运) would have it, Dr. Henderson very deliberately matched everyone in class and announced that I would be working with the one person in class I wanted to avoid.
2022.1 浙江卷
点题
指向
Orientation
故事的时间、地点、人物、活动及背景等故事要素。
（铺垫，不是事件本身）
（部分内容可与点题重复，如时间、人物等）
故事的曲折发展过程，即先发生了什么，接着发生了什么，随后又发生了什么。
进展
Complicating action
学生最需要关注的是进展部分出现的困难、矛盾和冲突。
进展可以是人物的身体动作，也可以是人物的对话或想法。
（不是所有的原文都会给出困难或矛盾，有时这个困难需要学生自己去设计。无困难，不故事。）
叙事者停止叙事，转而向读者分析或评价任务或情景，也可以是对人物心理活动的描述，或对人物性格和态度的刻画，可以体现叙事者的情感偏向。
评议
Evaluation
故事的完结，最后发生了什么，是困难的解决过程，是对故事核心矛盾的交代，标志着叙事的结束，包含人物的结局、目的的成功或失败。
结局
Resolution
主人公从发生的事件中学会的道理或发出的感叹，是故事对读者的价值和现实意义。它将读者拉回现实，是连接故事与现实的纽带。
回应
Coda
点明主旨，升华主题。
有些故事没有回应，把故事的意义留给读者自己去品味。
点题
指向
进展
评议
结局
回应
拉波夫
叙事分析模型
PART 03
拉波夫理论教学应用
It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.
We took a plane to Albuquerque, a big city in the state of New Mexico. We reached Albuquerque in the late afternoon. Uncle Paul, my dad’s friend, picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.
2018.6 浙江卷
指向
时间：summer
地点：Uncle Paul’s farm in Pecos
人物：Dad，I and Uncle Paul’s family
背景活动：We arrived at Uncle Paul’s farm.
点题
My dad took me on a special trip to the Wild West.
His wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan and Kyle. My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby. Very early in the morning, Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast. “The day starts at dawn on my farm,” he said. After breakfast, I went to help Aunt Tina feed the chickens, while my dad went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze (吃草). I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses. They looked really cool.
进展
我和爸爸到达Uncle Paul的农场
我们在农场吃了晚饭并过夜
次日凌晨Uncle Paul很早叫醒我们吃早饭
我和Tina阿姨喂鸡，爸爸和Uncle Paul 喂羊
我很羡慕爸爸和Uncle Paul骑马
In the afternoon, I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride, and he said yes, as long as my dad went with me. I wasn‘t going to take a horse ride by myself anyway. So, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses, and headed slowly towards the mountains. “Don’t be latefor supper,” Uncle Paul cried, “and keep to the track so that you don’t get lost!” “OK!” my dad cried back. After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were out of sight. It was so peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks, the deep green pine trees, and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. It looked like a beautiful woven (编织的) blanket spread out upon the ground just for us.
Uncle Paul允许我在爸爸的陪同下骑马
我和爸爸骑马向山中出发
Uncle Paul叮嘱我们不要迷路，赶回来吃晚饭。
进展
Paragraph 1: Suddenly a little rabbit ran in front of my horse.
Paragraph 2: We had no idea where we were and it got dark.
结局
His wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan and Kyle. My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby. Very early in the morning, Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast. “The day starts at dawn on my farm,” he said. After breakfast, I went to help Aunt Tina feed the chickens, while my dad went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze (吃草). I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses. They looked really cool.
2020.7 浙江卷
对骑马的喜欢和向往，同时为后文续写提供了一个背景：“我”不会骑马。
评议
In the afternoon, I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride, and he said yes, as long as my dad went with me. I wasn‘t going to take a horse ride by myself anyway. So, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses, and headed slowly towards the mountains. “Don’t be latefor supper,” Uncle Paul cried, “and keep to the track so that you don’t get lost!” “OK!” my dad cried back. After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were out of sight. It was so peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks, the deep green pine trees, and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. It looked like a beautiful woven (编织的) blanket spread out upon the ground just for us.
静谧和谐 美轮美奂的画面与后文兔子出现形成一动一静的强烈对比和反差
评议
点题 My dad took me on a special trip to the Wild West. 指向 时间 Summer 地点 Uncle Paul’s farm in Pecos; 背景 We arrived at Uncle Paul’s farm. I’m not good at riding horses. 人物 My father and I Uncle Paul (and his families)
进展 We arrived the farm. picked us up
I was impressed to see my father riding horses. fed chickens; took sheep to graze
We set off riding horses. reminded us not to get lost
结局 第1段 Suddently a rabbit ran in front of my horse. ---
第2段 We got lost.
回应
There was an elderly lady standing in the bone-chilling cold outside the back of the supermarket. She was holding a basket with bunches of flowers. “Would you like the flowers They are $3,” she asked me as I was walking past. I politely responded “No, thank you,” as I walked away and went inside the supermarket. I was walking around the supermarket searching for the thing that I was needing to buy and thinking of that lady, standing in the cold holding her basket of flowers. Visualizing the beautiful flowers I had admired, her polite quiet voice and lonely figure, I wondered about her unknown story of standing in the cold with her basket. Maybe her family was in urgent need of money; maybe she was a lone soul to earn a living with her own hands…
潍坊市2022届高三上学期考试
I had my own personal struggles. I had to budget for everything and I appreciated that $3 was a lot for me, like many of us all and probably for her too. But it wasn’t my first thought when she had asked me about buying her flowers. My first thought was that I didn’t have the cash but this couldn’t be used as an excuse for not buying those flowers. I had not carried cash with me for a few years and I thought many of us did the same. When I went to the register to pay with my card I asked for $3 cash out. The staff member questioned me about the $3. I felt anxious about it quickly and tried to remember the money I had in my account. And at the same time she pressed the button to process it. I had mentioned that I wanted to buy flowers from the lady who was selling them outside. A sigh of relief, I was glad to see it all had been accepted by the machine and that the staff member handed me the $3.
注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；Paragraph 1: I walked away and around the corner of the supermarket to the lady. Paragraph 2: After giving her $3, I was surprised when she handed me the change.
点题 指向 时间 A bone-chilling cold night 地点 Outside the back of a supermaket 背景 I was on a tight budget. 人物 I the flower lady
进展 I refused. (beautiful flowers) The lady asked me to buy flowers at the price of $3.
I wondered the story of the lady. (regret) ---
I got $3 cash out from my card. (relief) ---
结局 第一段 I went out to look for the lady to...
第二段 I gave her $3. （surprised ） The lady gave me the change.
accept /refuse
回应

拉波夫叙事分析模式能帮助学生快速掌握原文大意与脉络，找出续写部分应围绕哪些要素展开，从而熟练地对续写部分进行布局，做到上下文连贯。
PART 05
教学反思
综合以上，读后续写教学主要集中在：
一、 训练思维，谋篇布局
指导学生利用拉波夫叙事分析模式分析解读文本，把握续写故事情节的方向，确保文章的连贯和一致性。
二、 训练语言，准确生动
“I’m going to miss you so much, Poppy,” said the tall, thin teenager. He bent down to hug his old friend goodbye. He stood up, hugged his parents, and smiled, trying not to let his emotions (情绪) get the better of him.
His parents were not quite able to keep theirs under control. They had driven their son several hours out of town to the university where he would soon be living and studying. It was time to say goodbye for now at least. The family hugged and smiled through misty eyes and then laughed.
2020年1月浙江卷
The boy lifted the last bag onto his shoulder, and flashed a bright smile. “I guess this is it,” he said. “I’ll see you back home in a month, okay ” His parents nodded, and they watched as he walked out of sight into the crowds of hundreds of students and parents. The boy’s mother turned to the dog, “Okay, Poppy, time to go back home.”
The house seemed quiet as a tomb without the boy living there. All that week, Poppy didn’t seem interested in her dinner, her favorite toy, or even in her daily walk. Her owners were sad too, but they knew their son would be back to visit. Poppy didn’t.
They offered the dog some of her favorite peanut butter treats. They even let her sit on the sofa, but the old girl just wasn’t her usual cheerful self. Her owners started to get worried. “What should we do to cheer Poppy up ” asked Dad. “We’ve tried everything.”
“I have an idea, but it might be a little crazy,” smiled Mom. “Without anybody left in the house but us, this place could use a bit of fun. Let‘s get a little dog for Poppy.”
It didn’t take long before they walked through the front door carrying a big box. Poppy welcomed them home as usual, but when she saw the box, she stopped. She put her nose on it. Her tail began wagging (摆动) ever so slowly, then faster as she caught the smell.
Paragraph 1: Dad opened the box and a sweet little dog appeared.
Paragraph 2: A few weeks later, the boy arrived home from university.
Dad opened the box and a sweet little dog appeared. Eyes closed, the little one seemed to be immersed in a sweet dream. With mouth closed, Poppy didn’t dare to make any noise in case the little dog would be interrupted. Out came the little dog from the box. It was not until then that she understood everything. Delighted, she barked, represented her happiness.
Version 1
杭州市学军中学特级教师 姜发兵老师提供素材
Dad opened the box and a sweet little dog appeared. A shiny little wet nose popped up. Then two fluffy paws. Next the box tipped over sideways, and out tumbled a fluffy puppy. Poppy was amazed. She wagged furiously. she barked with joy. She smiled, her tongue lolling out as she investigated the surprise. The little puppy was not shy and immediately starting yipping and jumping around the older dog.
Version 2
杭州市学军中学特级教师 姜发兵老师提供素材
三、 整本书（原著）阅读
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