资源简介

(共38张PPT)
Gap-filling: Five from Seven
——“七选五”解题技巧
What is tested
秘
命
题
揭
命题特点：
1.题型归纳:完形填空填的是词，七选五填的是句子， 但考察重点相似。该题型在新课标卷出现以来均采用说明文。
2.选材特点：
短文一般为300词左右的说明文或议论文，其中正文词数240左右，选项词数60左右。短文篇章结构常归纳为：提出问题——解决问题，一般不在首句设空。
主旨句 （标题类，主题句类）
3. 设空类型 过渡性句子（文章结构）
细节注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）
短文特点
卷别 年份 词数 体裁 题材
新高考Ⅰ卷 2022 290 说明文 如何找到好的健身伙伴
2021 326 记叙文 在巴黎体验当地生活
2020 300 说明文 公开演讲的法则
新高考Ⅱ卷 2022 269 说明文 写文章的三个简单技巧
2021 296 说明文 如何提高阅读速度
2020 293 说明文 如何与医生谈话有
名师指津
解题步骤
1.快速阅读全文要点词句，了解大意
2.运用恰当方法，边读边做题，先易后难
就近定位
关键词
句间逻辑关系
文章结构
排除法
3.确定选项，标记题号，避免干扰。
4.代入选项，重读文章，再次确定选项。
　
设空特点：空格设置有可能在
位于段末或文末，可能是结论句，也可能是与
前段或前几段是并列关系，分述主题中的一个
具体内容，还有可能是建议句。
段首
主要是要求考生选段落小标题或段落的主题句，标题一般为名词短语或祈使句。
段中
段尾
位于段落中间可能只起衔接作用。
巧
解
题
技
1、词汇衔接
2、结构衔接
3、逻辑衔接
How to deal with it
01
Key words
关键词
1.词汇的衔接包括：
1)词汇复现
复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。
复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同义词复现、同构词复现、同筹词复现、反义词复现等。
同构词
fall – fell （不同时态）
beauty – beautiful
act – action （不同词性）
mate – roommate
police – policeman（相同词根）
同畴词 （同畴词指一个
范畴里的不同事物。）
fruit：
furniture
sports:
apple, orange,
banana…
bed, table,
armchair…
running,
swimming,
jumping…
类别
具体
(2017年III卷)
● Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 38.______. That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.
同义复现
G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line to get coffee.
近义复现
G
“复现”
Ex 1.（2016年II卷）
●Recall(回忆) your childhood memories
.... If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 6 Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.
F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden.
G. For each of those gardens, writer down the strongest memory you have.
同词复现
“复现”
G
Ex2…On the other hand ,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to- day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world.______Those disadvantages include expense,time away from one’s school,family,…
The following are its advantages.
B.However, there may be a number of disadvantages.
C.Consider a distance education.
D.Most of us are adapted to studying at school.
However

反义词复现
Ex3… Sometimes kids are glad to hear a “no” from their parents. ___
A. There are two types of parents love.
B. It seems a happy feeling to get out of
parents’ control.
√
近义词
Ex4 Everybody gets stressed time to time. Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed: (1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. 72 They might have had similar problems such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.
A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.
C. Different people feel stress in different ways
E. You need to figure out what the problem is.
F. And don't forget about your friends.
可以相信的人=父母+亲戚+朋友（同范畴）
F
2)代词线索
英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。
it可指代单数名词或整个句子；they或them指代复数名词；one指代单数可数名词；that指代不可数名词或句子；this指代单数名词或句子; these 或those指代前句的复数名词。
Ex5…
73 They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger,…
B. He said that laughter is much healthier than anger.
A. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.
C. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.
They
A
七选五中常见关键词的种类有：1.______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6.______
利用这些关键词在上下文不同的位置对同一概念或事物进行描述，这种方法称为_________法。
Conclusion 1
关键词
相同词
近义词
反义词
同构词
同畴词
代词
02
Structure
篇章结构
总-分-（总）
平行关系
篇章结构
01
02
C.But researchers have tried and here's what they've found.
D.Recognizing your errors can lead only to even greater wisdom.
E.Make an effort to join a new club , or invite an old friend for coffee.
(2017.4.省检卷） Although people value intelligence-- understanding, reasoning, the ability to learn --they also respect wisdom, or the knowledge and experience that they gain over a lifetime. In some ways, wisdom is like beauty: we value it, we desire it , we know it when we see it , but it is nearly impossible to pin down（确定） such a nice quality. 36
1.Working at being social. Studies show that people who stay connected to others show higher levels of wisdom than those who remain alone. ...
3.Learning how to say “ I could be wrong”....
4.Reading the news. ...
C
总-分-（总）
。
1.Prevent energy leaks （泄露）at home
Heating and cooling can make up to 50 percent of your energy bill. ...
2.Plant trees in your yard and community.
Everyone knows that planting trees can help the environment. ...
3.____
If you use ceiling fans during hot summer days, you can create a cooling environment. A few ceiling or regular fans properly placed in your home can reduce the amount of time you spend with the air condtioner on.
A.Trees have many good influences.
B Use natural wind to dry our clothes.
C.There are many ways to use solar power.
D.Use ceiling fans to cool off in summer.
D
平行关系--小标题
1. Smile!
It’s the easiest way to let someone know that you’re nice!...
2. Be fun! We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy. ...
3.Listen! …
4.__ Ask people who take classes with your questions about what they study today.
A. Change!
B. Ask a question!
C. Class work is a great icebreaker.
D. Say “hello” and see what happens.
E. And don’t just talk about yourself all the time.
F. Even the shyest person can manage a little smile.
G. We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy.
B
Let's practice
逻辑关系的衔接
03
some, others, still others; first, second, third…; firstly, secondly, thirdly…; for one thing, for another; on the one hand, on the other hand; ...
also; as well; furthermore; moreover; too; what’ s more; not only…but also; …
in addition;
并列关系
递进关系
常用逻辑衔接词（linking words）
例证关系
however; but; instead; nevertheless; though/ although/ while; yet; in contrast; on the contrary; in comparison; …
because; since; so; therefore; thus; hence; consequently; as a result; accordingly;
so/ such...that…
转折关系
for example; for instance; such as; like; ...
因果关系
常用逻辑衔接词（linking words）
B. There are three practical note-taking methods.
A. You must write your notes on separate paper.
C. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it
easier for you to understand and remember it.
___ .Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.
C
Ex7…
1.Stone Age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much
less fat than domestic ones. They ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and
fruits. They did not have milk or any other dairy products, and they made
very little use of grains. _____ We eat six times more salt than ancestors.
We eat more sugar. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much
protein .
A. Stone Age people lived a simple life.
B.But today , we enjoy eating a lot of these .
C.In that case, they would live much healthier.
B
Let's practice
转折
2. ____ This is because some people have certain qualities, which others do not.
A. Some people succeed, while others may not.
B. As the famous saying goes, “No pains, no gains.”
A
Let's practice
因果
3._____ In the other words, when you are in love with
someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that
person.
A. Another proverb says “Love is blind.”
B. Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often
very old.
A
Let's practice
解释
Conclusion 2
利用语段句与句层与层之间相互的联系进行推演，这种方法称为_________。在这种方法中，能表明句子间基本关系的词叫_______。
逻辑关系法
关系词
口诀
文章标题猜大意 段首段尾主题句
空前空后逻辑性 同义举例与对比
代词冠词大小写 标点符号关键词
相似句式或排比 多个条款要对应
高考题型七选五解题技巧详解 共30张PPT
高考题型七选五解题技巧详解 共30张PPT
30. (2015全国Ⅱ卷)During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. 38 , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run
A. After six days
B. For a good marathon runner
逗号，其后为句子，无连词
短语或带连词的句子
7个选项中只有以下2个
在第一周里,休息一天,应是在训练6天之后
标
点
符
号
通读全文
抓主旨
段首段尾
懂归纳
段落中间
理逻辑
Tips
指代复现
找关键
回归原文
核答案
“一展身手”
Challenge
How to Have a Successful Teenage Life
Everyone wants to succeed in their life, don’t they Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isn’t that hard. 31____
Do well in school. No matter how boring it is now, education will help you be a productive member in society. Try your best for excellence in school; listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades. 32___ School sets you up on the right track!
Do good in your community .(社区).Volunteering can not only improve your community's status, it could make you happier. Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop depression (抑郁）than people who don’t. 33 For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter. When you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself.
34 Remember, they’re there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes. 35 You don't get to choose your teachers or your family, but you still have to put up with them. Learn how to deal with people now, because when you’re an adult, you don’t get to choose your boss or your co-workers, so learn how to respect them now.
A. Live life to the fullest.
B. Be nice to your parents and teachers.
C. Find chances to do volunteer work that interests you.
D. It will help you pass time and develop your personality.
E. Here are some important points that you may find helpful.
F. Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care about you.
G. Doing so will help you get into a better university and have a bright future.
承上启下
代词指代
举例说明
段落主旨
并列关系
E
G
C
B
F
“七选五”
解题方法
1. 看文章结构
段首: ________
段尾: ________
段中: ________
2. 找________
原词复现
3. 看______关系
转折关系
并列关系
因果关系
……
主题句
结论、总结
承上启下
关键词
近义词
反义词
……
逻辑
Summary
Homework
Finish the exercises of Gap Filling in the handout.
Thank you！

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