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2023年高一暑期阅读专练：文学和艺术
（共4题）
一、阅读理解题（共4题）
Saving a City's Public Art
Avoiding traffic jams in Los Angeles may be impossible, but the city's colorful freeway murals (壁画) can brighten even the worst commute. Paintings that depict famous people and historical scenes cover office buildings and freeway walls all across the city. With a collection of more than 2,000 murals, Los Angeles is the unofficial mural capital of the world.
But the combination of graffiti (涂鸦), pollution, and hot sun has left many L.A. murals in terrible condition. In the past, experts say, little attention was given to caring for public art. Artists were even expected to maintain their own works, not an easy task with cars racing by along the freeway.
Now the city is beginning a huge project to restore the city's murals. The work started in 2003. So far, 16 walls have been selected, and more may be added later.
Until about 1960, public murals in Los Angeles were rare. But in the 1960s and 1970s, young L.A. artists began to study early 20th-century Mexican mural painting.
The most famous mural in the city is Judith Baca's The Great Wall, a 13-foot-high (4-meter-high) painting that runs for half a mile (0.8 kilometer) in North Hollywood. It took eight years to complete—400 underprivileged teenagers painted the designs—and is probably the longest mural in the world.
One of the murals that will be restored now is Kent Twitchell's Seventh Street Altarpiece, which he painted for the Los Angeles Olympics in 1984. Twitchell said: "It was meant as a kind of gateway through which the traveler to L.A. must drive. The open hands represent peace."
Artists often call murals the people's art. Along a busy freeway or hidden in a quiet neighborhood, murals can reach people who would never pay money to see fine art in a museum. "Murals give a voice to the silent majority," said one artist.
(1)
A．The city, trying to stop the spread of graffiti, has painted over some of the murals completely.
B．This striking work depicts two people facing each other on opposite sides of the freeway near downtown Los Angeles.
C．Artists like murals because they like the work of Mexican artists.
D．Murals usually have a fair amount of community support.
E．The mural represents the history of ethnic groups in California.
F．Soon, their murals became a symbol of the city's cultural expression and a showcase for L.A.'s cultural diversity.
(2)
A．The city, trying to stop the spread of graffiti, has painted over some of the murals completely.
B．This striking work depicts two people facing each other on opposite sides of the freeway near downtown Los Angeles.
C．Artists like murals because they like the work of Mexican artists.
D．Murals usually have a fair amount of community support.
E．The mural represents the history of ethnic groups in California.
F．Soon, their murals became a symbol of the city's cultural expression and a showcase for L.A.'s cultural diversity.
(3)
A．The city, trying to stop the spread of graffiti, has painted over some of the murals completely.
B．This striking work depicts two people facing each other on opposite sides of the freeway near downtown Los Angeles.
C．Artists like murals because they like the work of Mexican artists.
D．Murals usually have a fair amount of community support.
E．The mural represents the history of ethnic groups in California.
F．Soon, their murals became a symbol of the city's cultural expression and a showcase for L.A.'s cultural diversity.
(4)
A．The city, trying to stop the spread of graffiti, has painted over some of the murals completely.
B．This striking work depicts two people facing each other on opposite sides of the freeway near downtown Los Angeles.
C．Artists like murals because they like the work of Mexican artists.
D．Murals usually have a fair amount of community support.
E．The mural represents the history of ethnic groups in California.
F．Soon, their murals became a symbol of the city's cultural expression and a showcase for L.A.'s cultural diversity.
Tony Wheeler is the man behind the Lonely Planet guidebooks, books which are loved and hated in equal measure. It's hard to pin down why they provoke such violent emotion; once it was simply because they lied—you don't turn up for the weekly Wednesday ferry to find that actually it goes on Tuesdays.
No, it's something about the way they take you over—you become a slave to the guidebook. Arrive in a place and out comes the book: Places to Stay, Things to See, Getting Around, Places to Eat—all of which is undeniably useful. But you end up living a life dictated by Wheeler, and that life might not be right for you. On top of that, everyone else has got one too, so instead of being the independent traveller you thought you were, you end up being just another tourist.
It's not entirely fair to blame only Tony. It all started in 1972, when bored with Britain, they set off for Australia. They arrived in Sydney three months later with 27 cents between them. Tony sold his camera, then sat down and wrote about the trip. They put the pages together and took it around the local bookshops and one of the bookshops sold thousands of copies.
Twenty-five years on, Lonely Planet has, quite literally, taken over the world. Their 200-odd guidebooks cover nearly everywhere and there are phrasebooks, atlases, walking guides. The Lonely Planet website is visited a million times a day and the Wheelers have replaced the van with a red Ferrari.
So what do they think about travel in general "My children have travelled all over the world so they're aware of a lot of things," says Maureen and Tony agrees. "It helps you grow up a lot, just knowing how other people live and what happens in their countries. Secondly, being on your own, having to make your way from one place to the next and work out how you do that, gives you a self-sufficiency that I think is very important."
There are people who say that by encouraging people to go places they're destroying them—an accusation they both deny, claiming that people would go there anyway. They admit that none of this is bad for business. "All the publicity has sold our books."
(1)
A．They sell more than three million books a year and employ around 200 people.
B．There has been controversy surrounding the guidebooks.
C．Getting a guidbook like the Lonely Planet right can be a tricky business.
D．Nowadays they are carefully researched, the information is generally true, and the maps are accurate.
E．Tony Wheel is still very actively involved in the Lonely Planet guidebooks.
F．His wife Maureen, who runs the company with him, is equally to blame.
(2)
A．They sell more than three million books a year and employ around 200 people.
B．There has been controversy surrounding the guidebooks.
C．Getting a guidbook like the Lonely Planet right can be a tricky business.
D．Nowadays they are carefully researched, the information is generally true, and the maps are accurate.
E．Tony Wheel is still very actively involved in the Lonely Planet guidebooks.
F．His wife Maureen, who runs the company with him, is equally to blame.
(3)
A．They sell more than three million books a year and employ around 200 people.
B．There has been controversy surrounding the guidebooks.
C．Getting a guidbook like the Lonely Planet right can be a tricky business.
D．Nowadays they are carefully researched, the information is generally true, and the maps are accurate.
E．Tony Wheel is still very actively involved in the Lonely Planet guidebooks.
F．His wife Maureen, who runs the company with him, is equally to blame.
(4)
A．They sell more than three million books a year and employ around 200 people.
B．There has been controversy surrounding the guidebooks.
C．Getting a guidbook like the Lonely Planet right can be a tricky business.
D．Nowadays they are carefully researched, the information is generally true, and the maps are accurate.
E．Tony Wheel is still very actively involved in the Lonely Planet guidebooks.
F．His wife Maureen, who runs the company with him, is equally to blame.
When you think about art, you might think of it as permanent. After all, that picture you drew in kindergarten might still hang on your refrigerator years later. Think about a Broadway performance. When it's over, it's over. Sure, it might live on in your memory or on film. But the live show was a special event. It was limited to one time and place.
Can you think of other forms of art that are temporary If you're a fan of the beach, sandcastles might come to your mind. Have you ever spent hours building a beautiful sandcastle You knew your work of art would be gone as soon as the tide came in. The sandy beach is a canvas that nature erases daily.
Most of the time, art made from sand can't last long. Still, many people love using sand to create their own unique vision of beauty. One of the most attractive types of sand art is sand animation (沙画). Artists who work in sand animation use sand to make a set of images that usually tell a story. They often start with a large amount of sand on a flat surface, such as a table. They then use their hands and fingers to draw in the sand.
However, the wide variety of beautiful and highly-detailed sand artworks might surprise you. Many of these works of art are temporary. That's where the animation part comes in.
Sand animation artists create a series of images that move to tell a story. They might also use music and special lighting to complete the effect. Sometimes they take photographs of or video their creation throughout the process.
(1)
A．Not all works of art are permanent, though.
B．Sand animation is beautiful but lasts only at the moment.
C．If you have, you probably were sad when it was time to leave the beach.
D．It is a type of live performance art.
E．Then, they turn it into a sand animation movie when it's finished.
F．It might seem like using sand would limit the art you could make.
G．Building a sand castle is a family-friendly activity perfect for large groups.
(2)
A．Not all works of art are permanent, though.
B．Sand animation is beautiful but lasts only at the moment.
C．If you have, you probably were sad when it was time to leave the beach.
D．It is a type of live performance art.
E．Then, they turn it into a sand animation movie when it's finished.
F．It might seem like using sand would limit the art you could make.
G．Building a sand castle is a family-friendly activity perfect for large groups.
(3)
A．Not all works of art are permanent, though.
B．Sand animation is beautiful but lasts only at the moment.
C．If you have, you probably were sad when it was time to leave the beach.
D．It is a type of live performance art.
E．Then, they turn it into a sand animation movie when it's finished.
F．It might seem like using sand would limit the art you could make.
G．Building a sand castle is a family-friendly activity perfect for large groups.
(4)
A．Not all works of art are permanent, though.
B．Sand animation is beautiful but lasts only at the moment.
C．If you have, you probably were sad when it was time to leave the beach.
D．It is a type of live performance art.
E．Then, they turn it into a sand animation movie when it's finished.
F．It might seem like using sand would limit the art you could make.
G．Building a sand castle is a family-friendly activity perfect for large groups.
(5)
A．Not all works of art are permanent, though.
B．Sand animation is beautiful but lasts only at the moment.
C．If you have, you probably were sad when it was time to leave the beach.
D．It is a type of live performance art.
E．Then, they turn it into a sand animation movie when it's finished.
F．It might seem like using sand would limit the art you could make.
G．Building a sand castle is a family-friendly activity perfect for large groups.
It is often said that "a picture is worth a thousand words." That is certainly true of the images of fleeting moments of nature submitted by international ecologists and students for the British Ecological Society's (BES) annual photography competition. Here are a few of 2019's winning entries.
Red Night
Photographed by Roberto Garcia Roa, it was declared last year's overall winner. The image captures both the beauty of the magnificent snake and its fear of human threats like fires. The ecologist says, "During my visit to Madagascar, I had the pleasure of finding this snake and photographing it. To offer a dramatic scene reflecting the conditions that these snakes are suffering, I used an external red light as a source of light to capture the environment."
The Rhino's Annual Haircut
It was photographed by ecologist Molly Penny. The ongoing demand for rhino (犀牛) horns has reduced the population to just 30,000 globally. To try to save the species, ecologists in South Africa, home to over 20,000 southern white rhinos, have decided to saw off (锯掉) a part of the animals' horns, which regrow every year. "The Rhino's Annual Haircut," captured beautifully in the black-and-white photo by Molly Penny from the University of the West of England, reduces the risk of the animals being cruelly murdered.
For the Love of Flamingos
Photographed by Peter Hudson, it captures a heart-shaped cloud of pink flamingos in Kenya, which is truly a sight like none other. The ecologist says, "Flamingos are all legs and necks but meanwhile beautiful and fascinating and I admit I have a deep passion for them, so I was thrilled when, flying high over Lake Magadi, I watched this flock from themselves into a heart shape."
Flames in Flumes
Photographed by Nilanjan Chatterjee, it captures a water redstart waiting to catch an insect near a small waterfall. It was the best overall student submission. The photographer wanted to show the struggle the river birds are likely to face from the slowdown in water flow due to planned dams in rivers across India.
(1) What can we know about "Red Night"
A．Roberto Garcia Roa suffered a lot to take it.
B．It describes a snake's suffering in the fires.
C．It won the first place in 2019 BES' photography competition.
D．Roberto Garcia Roa was very frightened when he took it.
(2) What may be the topic of "The Rhino's Annual Haircut"
A．The tips on saving an endangered rhino.
B．The scene of taking part of a horn from a rhino.
C．The cruelty of killing an endangered rhino.
D．The method of helping a rhino to grow a horn again.
(3) Where was "For the Love of Flamingos" photographed
A．In South Africa. B．In Kenya.
C．In India. D．In Madagascar.
(4) How is "Flames in Flumes" different from the other pictures
A．It is a student's work.
B．It was photographed on an island.
C．It is a black-and-white photo.
D．It shows wild animals' suffering.
(5) What is the purpose of the text
A．To introduce a photography competition.
B．To remind us to protect some animals.
C．To warn us of worsening nature.
D．To introduce some winning photos.
答案
一、阅读理解题（共4题）
1. 【答案】
(1) A
(2) F
(3) E
(4) B
2. 【答案】
(1) D
(2) F
(3) A
(4) B
3. 【答案】
(1) A
(2) C
(3) D
(4) F
(5) E
【解析】
(1) 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“沙画”这种艺术形式，介绍了其特点以及制作过程。
推理判断题。根据上文“When you think about art, you might think of it as permanent. After all, that picture you drew in kindergarten might still hang on your refrigerator years later.（当你想到艺术时，你可能会认为它是永恒的。毕竟，你在幼儿园画的那幅画可能几年后还会挂在冰箱上）”以及后文“Think about a Broadway performance. When it's over, it's over. Sure, it might live on in your memory or on film. But the live show was a special event. It was limited to one time and place.（想想百老汇的演出。结束了，就结束了。当然，它可能活在你的记忆里或电影里。但是现场表演是一个特殊的事件。它被限制在一个时间和地点）”由此可知，后文提到百老汇的演出结束了就是结束了，只能存在于记忆中，说明本句与上文形成转折，说明并不是所有的艺术作品都是永久的。故 A 选项“不过，并不是所有的艺术作品都是永久的”符合语境。
(2) 细节理解题。根据上文“Can you think of other forms of art that are temporary （你还能想到其他暂时的艺术形式吗？）”以及后文“Have you ever spent hours building a beautiful sandcastle （你曾经花了几个小时建造一个美丽的沙堡吗？）”由此可知，后文提到了沙堡这种短暂的艺术形式，可推知本句是在说明沙滩上堆沙堡的事情，从而引出后文。后文中 sandcastle 可对应到 C 选项中 sandcastles。故 C 选项“如果你喜欢沙滩，你可能会想到沙堡”符合语境。
(3) 逻辑关系题。根据上文“Most of the time, art made from sand can't last long. Still, many people love using sand to create their own unique vision of beauty.（大多数时候，用沙子做的艺术品不会持续太久。尽管如此，还是有很多人喜欢用沙子来创造自己独特的美景）”以及后文“It is a type of live performance art. Artists who work in sand animation use sand to make a set of images that usually tell a story. They often start with a large amount of sand on a flat surface, such as a table. They then use their hands and fingers to draw in the sand.（它是一种现场表演艺术。从事沙画的艺术家们用沙子制作一组图像，通常讲述一个故事。他们通常从平面上的大量沙子开始，比如桌子。然后他们用手和手指在沙子里画画）”由此可知，本句为过渡句，引出后文沙画这种沙子艺术类型，后文中 it 对应到 D 选项中 sand animation。故 D 选项“最吸引人的沙子艺术类型之一是沙画”符合语境。
(4) 逻辑关系题。根据后文“However, the wide variety of beautiful and highly-detailed sand artworks might surprise you.（然而，各种各样的美丽和高度细致的沙子艺术品可能会让你惊讶）”由此可知，本句与后文形成转折，提出沙子看起来可能会限制艺术创作，实际上沙子艺术品非常多样化。故 F 选项“看起来用沙子会限制你的艺术创作”符合语境。
(5) 细节理解题。根据上文“Sand animation artists create a series of images that move to tell a story. They might also use music and special lighting to complete the effect. Sometimes they take photographs of or video their creation throughout the process.（沙画艺术家创造了一系列的图像，通过移动来讲述一个故事。他们也可能使用音乐和特殊的灯光来完成效果。有时他们会在整个创作过程中拍摄照片或录像）”由此可知，本句为本段最后一句，对上文进行总结，上文提到拍摄沙画的制作过程，故本句应当是说明拍摄完成后，就成了一部沙画电影。故 E 选项“然后，当它完成的时候，他们把它变成一个沙画电影”符合语境。
4. 【答案】
(1) C
(2) B
(3) B
(4) A
(5) D

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