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Unit 6　At one with nature --Starting out & Understanding ideas
单词，课文预习
一．词汇预先知
一、单词——记其形
1. n.(冰或水等的)一大片
2. n. 地区，区域
3. adv. 因此，由此
4. adj. 浅的
5. n. 农业
二、单词——知其意
1.wrap v.
2.frost n.
3.terrace n.
4.dynasty n.
5.steep adj.
6.soil n.
7.vapour n.
8.crop n.
三、单词——通其变
1.completion n.完成，结束→ vt.完成 adj.完整的；完全的，彻底的→ adv.完全地，完整地，彻底地
2.prevent v.阻挡，防止→ n.预防，阻止；妨碍
3.harmony n.融洽相处，和谐→ adj.和谐的；协调的
4.design v.设计→ n.设计者
5.harm vt.& n.伤害，损害→ adj.有害的，能造成损害的→ adj.无害的；无恶意的
Ⅱ.核心短语
1.be home to　
2.from the top to the very bottom
3.wash away
4.in harmony with
5.connect with
6.once again
7.feed on
8.pass down
9.prevent sb/sth from doing sth
10.care for
课文精研读
原文呈现
Longji Rice Terraces
1 Imagine① mountains wrapped in silver water【1】，shining in the spring sun【2】.Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice【3】.During autumn，these same mountains are gold，and in winter they are covered in sheets② of white frost③.These are the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces.
2 These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people，to whom Guangxi is home【4】.Starting in the Yuan Dynasty④，work on the terraces took hundreds of years，until its completion⑤ in the early Qing Dynasty.Reaching as far as the eye can see【5】，these terraces cover tall mountains，often from the bottom to the very top.
3 So why did these people go to so much trouble⑥ to turn the entire mountains into terraces Firstly，there are few large，flat areas of land in the region⑦.Building the terraces therefore⑧ meant that they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice.Secondly，although the region has plenty of rain【6】，the mountains are steep⑨ and the soil⑩ is shallow .The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away.
4 But perhaps what is most significant 【7】 is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.The terraces are cleverly designed ，with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other.During the rainy season，it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces. The sun heats the water and turns it into vapour .This forms clouds from which rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again.These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish，some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops.
5 Although modern technology could help produce more crops，these terraces still mean a lot to the local people for whom traditions hold much value【8】.This knowledge is passed down through families，which means that new generations continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terraces【9】.Today，the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors who come to admire this great wonder created by people and nature working together【10】.
Post-reading—After reading the passage, please fill in the following blanks.
The Longji Rice Terraces 1. (build) by the local Zhuang and Yao people，to whom Guangxi is home.2. (start) in the Yuan Dynasty，work on the terraces took hundreds of years，until 3. (it) completion in the early Qing Dynasty.These terraces increase the areas 4. which people grow rice.Besides，they can catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from 5. (wash)away.But perhaps 6.what is most significant is the way in which people 7. (work) in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.Although modern technology could help produce more 8. (crop)，new generations continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terraces.Today，the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of 9. (visit) who come to admire this great wonder created by people 10. nature working together.
三．随堂精训练
【基 础 练】
一.根据汉语提示写出单词的适当形式
1.It was much too late to catch a bus after the party, (因此) we called a taxi.
2.In the (地区) hit by the earthquake, large quantities of food are needed.
3.We plant trees every year so as to protect the (土壤) on the hill.
4.This kind of stamp is (设计) by some students who are learning art at our university.
5.The lake was so (浅的) that we could see the bottom.
6.Fish and chips，often (包) in a piece of paper，is still a favourite among English diners.
7.As is known to us all，the rare vase dates back to the Ming (朝代).
8.The farm grows various kinds of (作物), such as wheat, corn, cotton and rice.
二.单句语法填空
1.The project is taking a long time but is now nearing (complete).
2.He argued against smoking, because smoking was (harm) to health.
3.However，this reality also worried my (design).As time went by，I was made smaller.
4.I hope you all understand the (significant) of this contract.
5.We often help the students in trouble，letting them feel the warmth of a (harmony) campus.
6.Though what you are doing (be) very difficult，it is of great importance.
7.She (wrap) the small red flag around her hair and smiled happily to me.
8.As we all know，it is water and sunlight develop the crops.
9.On a sunny afternoon, my classmates and I walked along the river, going far as the foot of the mountain.
10.Online shopping is (attract) because you can buy things easily without going out.
三.选词填空
thousands of，in harmony with，turn...into...，pass down，wash away，be home to，feed on，as far as，once again，prevent...from
1.While in freezing weather, you’d better heat escaping from your body and do more exercise.
2.What is known to us all is that Australia the kangaroo.
3.Peter can show you how to an idea an act.
4.I’ll call him ，but then we have to leave.
5.Bats fly at night and insects.
6.These traditions have been from one generation to the next.
7.Our mission is to find ways for people to live nature.
8.Floods much of the top soil .
9.I don’t know why they walked the river last night.
10.Shangri-La attracts tens of visitors by its beautiful natural scenery.
四.完成句子
1.Joan improve my English while I was in England.
当我在英国时，琼花了尽可能多的时间帮我提高英语。
2. was the chance to travel.
这份工作最吸引我的地方是有机会旅行。
3.As teenagers， we are mature enough.
作为青少年，直到我们能够勇敢地面对困难，我们才算足够成熟。
4.Every evening they go to the studio，listening to music.
他们每天晚上都去录音室听音乐。
5.I don’t like the way .
我不喜欢你对她讲话的方式。
五.语法填空
On the afternoon of August 19，2019，smoke and ash 1.____________ (fill) sky over Sao Paulo，Brazil.The smoke was coming from the Amazon rain forest，hundreds of miles away.Some parts of the rain forest had been burning for several 2.____________ (week).Brazil sent 44，000 troops to fight against the fires.On August 25，it was reported that there had been 80，626 fires in Brazil so far，many in the Amazon.
The Amazon is the 3.____________ (large) rain forest in the world and it is home to millions of plants and animals and 30 million people.It is also important to the health of our earth.Its trees take in CO2 from the air and replace it with O2，4.____________ helps slow climate change.
Experts believe the fires were set 5.____________ purpose.In general，it’s against the law 6.____________ (start) a fire in the rain forest.7.____________ it’s not uncommon.Farmers regularly do so.They clear land so they can plant crops and raise cattle for beef production.
Since 1978，an area of some 289，000 square miles of the Amazon 8.____________ (destroy).Deforestation (滥伐森林) reached the top in 9.____________ early 2000s.Then，in 2004，the Brazilian government began to punish 10.____________ (serious) the man-made fires and deforestation.This greatly slowed tree loss in the area.Unit 6　At one with nature --Starting out & Understanding ideas
单词，课文预习
一．词汇预先知
一、单词——记其形
1.sheet n.(冰或水等的)一大片
2.region n. 地区，区域
3.therefore adv. 因此，由此
4.shallow adj. 浅的
5.agriculture n. 农业
二、单词——知其意
1.wrap v. 包，裹
2.frost n. 霜
3.terrace n. 梯田
4.dynasty n. 朝代
5.steep adj. 陡的，陡峭的
6.soil n. 土壤
7.vapour n. 蒸气
8.crop n. 庄稼，作物
三、单词——通其变
1.completion n.完成，结束→complete vt.完成 adj.完整的；完全的，彻底的→completely adv.完全地，完整地，彻底地
2.prevent v.阻挡，防止→prevention n.预防，阻止；妨碍
3.harmony n.融洽相处，和谐→harmonious adj.和谐的；协调的
4.design v.设计→designer n.设计者
5.harm vt.& n.伤害，损害→harmful adj.有害的，能造成损害的→harmless adj.无害的；无恶意的
Ⅱ.核心短语
1.be home to　是……的生长地；发源地
2.from the top to the very bottom从顶部到最底部
3.wash away 冲走
4.in harmony with 与……协调，与……一致
5.connect with 连接，与……联系
6.once again 再一次
7.feed on 以……为食
8.pass down 传下来
9.prevent sb/sth from doing sth阻止某人/某物做某事
10.care for 喜欢；照顾
课文精研读
原文呈现
Longji Rice Terraces
1 Imagine① mountains wrapped in silver water【1】，shining in the spring sun【2】.Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice【3】.During autumn，these same mountains are gold，and in winter they are covered in sheets② of white frost③.These are the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces.
【1】wrapped in silver water为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰mountains。
【2】shining in the spring sun为现在分词短语作伴随状语。
【3】句中see用的是拟人修辞手法，意为“目睹；经历”，此时句子的主语可以是事物或时间、地点等无生命名词。
2 These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people，to whom Guangxi is home【4】.Starting in the Yuan Dynasty④，work on the terraces took hundreds of years，until its completion⑤ in the early Qing Dynasty.Reaching as far as the eye can see【5】，these terraces cover tall mountains，often from the bottom to the very top.
【4】to...home为“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰the local Zhuang and Yao people。
【5】Reaching...see为现在分词短语作方式状语。其中as far...see为as...as sb/sth can/could结构。
3 So why did these people go to so much trouble⑥ to turn the entire mountains into terraces Firstly，there are few large，flat areas of land in the region⑦.Building the terraces therefore⑧ meant that they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice.Secondly，although the region has plenty of rain【6】，the mountains are steep⑨ and the soil⑩ is shallow .The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away.
【6】although...rain为although引导的让步状语从句。
4 But perhaps what is most significant 【7】 is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.The terraces are cleverly designed ，with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other.During the rainy season，it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces. The sun heats the water and turns it into vapour .This forms clouds from which rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again.These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish，some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops.
【7】what...significant为what引导的主语从句，其中what在从句中作主语。
5 Although modern technology could help produce more crops，these terraces still mean a lot to the local people for whom traditions hold much value【8】.This knowledge is passed down through families，which means that new generations continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terraces【9】.Today，the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors who come to admire this great wonder created by people and nature working together【10】.
【8】Although...crops为although引导的让步状语从句；for whom...value为定语从句，修饰the local people。
【9】which...terraces为which引导的非限定性定语从句，which指代主句的内容并在从句中作主语。
【10】who...together为定语从句，修饰先行词visitors；created by people and nature为过去分词作后置定语，修饰this great wonder；working together为现在分词作定语修饰people and nature。
Step Ⅳ　Post-reading—After reading the passage, please fill in the following blanks.
The Longji Rice Terraces 1.were__built (build) by the local Zhuang and Yao people，to whom Guangxi is home.2.Starting (start) in the Yuan Dynasty，work on the terraces took hundreds of years，until 3.its (it) completion in the early Qing Dynasty.These terraces increase the areas 4.in which people grow rice.Besides，they can catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from 5.being__washed (wash)away.But perhaps 6.what is most significant is the way in which people 7.have__worked (work) in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.Although modern technology could help produce more 8.crops (crop)，new generations continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terraces.Today，the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of 9.visitors (visit) who come to admire this great wonder created by people 10.and nature working together.
三．随堂精训练
【基 础 练】
一.根据汉语提示写出单词的适当形式
1.It was much too late to catch a bus after the party, therefore (因此) we called a taxi.
2.In the region (地区) hit by the earthquake, large quantities of food are needed.
3.We plant trees every year so as to protect the soil (土壤) on the hill.
4.This kind of stamp is designed (设计) by some students who are learning art at our university.
5.The lake was so shallow (浅的) that we could see the bottom.
6.Fish and chips，often wrapped (包) in a piece of paper，is still a favourite among English diners.
7.As is known to us all，the rare vase dates back to the Ming Dynasty (朝代).
8.The farm grows various kinds of crops (作物), such as wheat, corn, cotton and rice.
二.单句语法填空
1.The project is taking a long time but is now nearing completion (complete).
2.He argued against smoking, because smoking was harmful (harm) to health.
3.However，this reality also worried my designer(s) (design).As time went by，I was made smaller.
4.I hope you all understand the significance (significant) of this contract.
5.We often help the students in trouble，letting them feel the warmth of a harmonious (harmony) campus.
6.Though what you are doing is (be) very difficult，it is of great importance.
7.She wrapped (wrap) the small red flag around her hair and smiled happily to me.
8.As we all know，it is water and sunlight that develop the crops.
9.On a sunny afternoon, my classmates and I walked along the river, going as far as the foot of the mountain.
10.Online shopping is attractive (attract) because you can buy things easily without going out.
三.选词填空
thousands of，in harmony with，turn...into...，pass down，wash away，be home to，feed on，as far as，once again，prevent...from
1.While in freezing weather, you’d better prevent heat from escaping from your body and do more exercise.
2.What is known to us all is that Australia is home to the kangaroo.
3.Peter can show you how to turn an idea into an act.
4.I’ll call him once again，but then we have to leave.
5.Bats fly at night and feed on insects.
6.These traditions have been passed down from one generation to the next.
7.Our mission is to find ways for people to live in harmony with nature.
8.Floods washed much of the top soil away.
9.I don’t know why they walked as far as the river last night.
10.Shangri-La attracts tens of thousands of visitors by its beautiful natural scenery.
四.完成句子
1.Joan spent as much time as she could (in) helping me improve my English while I was in England.
当我在英国时，琼花了尽可能多的时间帮我提高英语。
2.What attracted me most to the job was the chance to travel.
这份工作最吸引我的地方是有机会旅行。
3.As teenagers，it is not until we are able to face difficulties bravely that we are mature enough.
作为青少年，直到我们能够勇敢地面对困难，我们才算足够成熟。
4.Every evening they go to the studio，listening to music.
他们每天晚上都去录音室听音乐。
5.I don’t like the way (that/in which) you speak to her.
我不喜欢你对她讲话的方式。
五.语法填空
On the afternoon of August 19，2019，smoke and ash 1.____________ (fill) sky over Sao Paulo，Brazil.The smoke was coming from the Amazon rain forest，hundreds of miles away.Some parts of the rain forest had been burning for several 2.____________ (week).Brazil sent 44，000 troops to fight against the fires.On August 25，it was reported that there had been 80，626 fires in Brazil so far，many in the Amazon.
The Amazon is the 3.____________ (large) rain forest in the world and it is home to millions of plants and animals and 30 million people.It is also important to the health of our earth.Its trees take in CO2 from the air and replace it with O2，4.____________ helps slow climate change.
Experts believe the fires were set 5.____________ purpose.In general，it’s against the law 6.____________ (start) a fire in the rain forest.7.____________ it’s not uncommon.Farmers regularly do so.They clear land so they can plant crops and raise cattle for beef production.
Since 1978，an area of some 289，000 square miles of the Amazon 8.____________ (destroy).Deforestation (滥伐森林) reached the top in 9.____________ early 2000s.Then，in 2004，the Brazilian government began to punish 10.____________ (serious) the man-made fires and deforestation.This greatly slowed tree loss in the area.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。2019年8月亚马孙雨林发生了大火，火灾持续数周。专家们认为是有人故意纵火。农民们常这样做，为的是种植庄稼和养牛。
1.filled　[考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语On the afternoon of August 19，2019 可知，此处叙述的是过去所发生的事情，因此应用一般过去时。]
2.weeks　[考查名词的复数形式。week为可数名词，此处被several所修饰，因此应用复数形式。]
3.largest　[考查形容词最高级。句意：亚马孙是世界上最大的雨林，是成百上千万动植物和三千万人的家园。根据句意和in the world可知，应用最高级。]
4.which　[考查定语从句。先行词为主句，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词which。]
5.on　[考查介词。on purpose故意地。]
6.to start　[考查非谓语动词。本句中it为形式主语，动词不定式短语作真正的主语。]
7.But　[考查连词。前后两句为转折关系，故用but。]
8.has been destroyed　[考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语Since 1978可知，此处表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，而且有可能继续下去，应用现在完成时，且主语an area of some 289，000 square miles of the Amazon与destroy之间构成被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。]
9.the　[考查冠词。在表示年代时，要用定冠词the。]
10.seriously　[考查词性转换。修饰动词punish应用副词形式。]

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