资源简介

2022-2023学年度第二学期高二级英语科期中考试卷
(试卷满分150分考试时间120分钟)
第一部分 阅读
第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Introduction to the Events Held in the British Library
International Translation Day
29th-30th, September 2022
International Translation Day returns with a two-day programme from English PEN. It is the annual event for translators, translation and translated literature. Following the in-person programme of London-based workshops, talks and networking opportunities, English PEN hosts online conversations with international speakers.
Audio Description Tour of Gold
19th September, 2022
On this tour you can explore items that are hundreds of years old and disclose the stories lightened by gold. Discover the masterful techniques used to handle such a precious metal. This is an online only event hosted on the British Library platform. People booking it will be sent a viewing link in advance to watch at any time for 48 hours after the start time.
Spring and Summer 2022 Programme
12th February-21st August 2022
The British Library has cooperated with West Dean College of Arts and Conservation to deliver a study programme on preservation and collection for libraries. The programme centers around continued professional development and is aimed at professionals, students and others interested in furthering their skills in this area.
Alexander the Great: The Making of Wonders
21st October, 2022-19th February, 2023
Alexander, born in ancient Macedonia, built an empire that stretched across the ancient world, and his exploration of unfamiliar lands, rulers and cultures, from European to Asian shaped his legacy into the fantastic stories we know of today. Join librarians, writers and historians to dig into these stories, as you decide for yourself who Alexander really was.
1. What do the first two listed events have in common
A. Both last two days. B. Both should be booked in advance.
C. Both are available on the Internet. D. Both are based in London workshops.
2. What does Spring and Summer 2022 Programme focus on
A. The construction of college campuses.
B. The exploration of ancient technology.
C. The introduction of metal-handling techniques.
D. The development of library collection professions.
3. Which event is concerned with a historical figure
A. International Translation Day.
B. Audio Description Tour of Gold.
C. Spring and Summer 2022 Programme.
D. Alexander the Great: The Making of Wonders.
B
On her blog, Debra Ferrell received the typical birthday greetings when she turned 53, but some of the messages were different. One of them told her about the Smith family who had just lost their four-year-old son to cancer. His older brother was grieving deeply. Could Ferrell offer some support
That message and the 30 or so others like it were exactly what Ferrell was looking for. To celebrate her 53rd, the long-time social service professional had put out a call on her blog. She wanted to commit 53 random acts of kindness by the end of her birth month, and she needed information on people who could use one. When she got the note about the Smith family, she sent a wind chime (风铃) with the message “Listen to the wind and know that I am near” written on it. It now hangs in the four-year old’s bedroom, where his older brother can go to listen to it whenever he wants.
This is not the first time that Ferrell has decided to give gifts for her birthday. For her 47th, in 2016, she founded Love in Action, an organization committed to doing something good near her home and beyond Its aim is simple: Do Your Best, Show Your Love!
Over the years, the organization has reached out and touched well over 100 strangers, some found via Ferrell’s blog, others with help from her grandkids. The organization also shares inexpensive and creative gift ideas for others to help people in need.
Ferrell pays for everything herself: gift cards, pay-it-forward purchases at drive-throughs, and care packages. Her family often gives her some extra birthday cash with a serious warning against spending it on anyone else, which she naturally ignores. “I got a couple of gift cards form birthday this year and was like YESSS!” It’s Ferrell’s party, and she’ll give if she wants to.
4. What were the unusual messages Ferrell got on her 53rd birthday
A. Help requests. B. Donation offers.
C. Gift ideas. D. Birthday wishes.
5. What can we learn about Ferrell from her gift to the Smith family
A. She is caring and brave.
B. She is loving and helpful.
C. She is patient and romantic.
D. She is creative and determined.
6. Which of the following best describes Love in Action
A. It involves people in acts of kindness.
B. It holds the belief that kindness pays off.
C. It offers aid within Ferrell’s neighborhood.
D. It mainly aims to educate kids to help out.
7. Why does Ferrell’s family give her warnings
A. She thinks little of her family’s concern.
B. She treats strangers better than her family.
C. She is financially dependent on her family.
D. She is too ready to give away her birthday gifts.
C
Chances are that you can name a few animals that are facing extinction. But what about plants With some 40% of plant species under threat of extinction—and given humankind’s reliance on the plant world—one might think there’d be more urgency around protecting them. Yet in the United States, for example, plants receive less than 4% of federal funding for endangered species, despite composing 57% of the endangered species list.
Given the current state of the planet, what we desperately need is some way to engage people to care about such matters. Now a paper published by Oxford University Press might have found a way to increase awareness about plants. How By watching nature documentaries (记录片).
For the paper, they focused on The Green Planet, the 2022 BBC plant-focused documentary, which was watched by nearly 5 million people in the United Kingdom.
To figure out if the documentary engaged viewers enough to want to learn more, the researchers looked at people’s online behavior around the time of the broadcast. The researchers noted a substantial effect of Green Planet on viewers’ awareness and interest in the portrayed plant species. Wikipedia data showed this as well. Almost a third (31.3%) of the Wikipedia pages related to plants mentioned in Green Planet showed increased visits the week after the broadcast. The investigators also note that people were more likely to do online searches for plants that enjoyed more screen time on Green Planet.
“I think that increasing public awareness of plants is essential and fascinating,” said the paper’s lead author, Joanna Kacprzyk. “In this study, we show that nature documentaries can increase plant awareness among the audience. Our results also suggest that the viewers found certain plant species particularly attractive. These plants could be used for promoting plant conservation efforts and reducing the alarming loss of plant biodiversity (生物多样性).”
8. What can we learn from the first paragraph
A. 60% of animal species are dying out.
B. Endangered plants are more easily neglected.
C. Endangered animals are not financially supported.
D. Human beings rely more on animals than plants.
9. What is the benefit of watching nature documentaries
A. Changing people’s online behavior.
B. Increasing viewers’ interest in nature.
C. Investigating search preference of the public.
D. Engaging audience with plant preservation.
10. What is one factor that influenced how much people searched for certain plants online after watching The Green Planet
A. How colorful they were. B. How rare they were.
C. How much screen time they had. D. How useful they were.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. Alarming Loss of Plant Biodiversity.
B. Saving Plants, Saving the Planet.
C Nature Documentaries Promote Plant Awareness.
D. Green Planet and Endangered Species.
D
Back in the early 2000s, lots of people couldn’t have imagined life without alarm clocks, CD players, calendars, cameras, or lots of other devices. But along came the iPhone and other smartphones, and they took over the functions of dozens of things we used to think were essential.
The smartphone story could even be a model for fighting climate change; not because smartphones use a small part of the energy of all the things they replace - although they do-but because they represent a different approach to design in general. And that approach is to focus on function rather than form. That requires focusing on understanding the underlying problem，and then engineering a wide range of potential solutions. This approach could revolutionize how we think about energy efficiency.
Traditionally, improvements in energy efficiency have mostly focused on individual devices, which can be quite fruitful. But focusing on individual devices is like if Apple had spent effort inventing a better alarm clock, a better CD player, a better calendar, and a better camera. Now with an iPhone, we don’t need the standalone(独立运行的) devices at all, because it can function as all of them.
So when it comes to using energy efficiently, rather than just installing a more efficient heater，some people have focused instead on the desired function: staying warm. They designed and coated their house so well that they could get rid of their heater altogether, letting them heat their house with 99% less energy.
In the same way, rather than just making cars more efficient, what if we focus on the desired function-getting where we want when we want-and create an efficient transportation system where we can drive less or get rid of our personal cars entirely
The most energy efficient car or heater is no car, or no heater, while still being able to get around and stay warm. In other words, it’s not thinking efficient, it’s thinking different.
12. What makes the iPhone a good example of environmental protection
A. Perfecting individual devices. B. Combining possible functions.
C. Adopting a simplest design. D. Reducing the energy consumption.
13. According to the passage, what is the core of improving energy efficiency
A. Using recyclable materials. B. Revolutionizing technologies.
C. Figuring out various solutions. D. Concentrating on the essential needs.
14. What does the author think of traditional practices in energy improvements
A. Fruitless. B. Out-of-date. C. Adequate. D. Perfect.
15. What can we learn from the passage
A Think out of the box. B. Differences make it unique.
C. Be economical with energy. D. Step out of the comfort zone.
第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ahh... Fish, chips and mushy peas! There is nothing more British than fish and chips. Freshly cooked, boiling hot fish and chips, topped with salt and seasoned with vinegar, packed in newspaper and eaten out-of-doors on a cold and wintry day — it simply cannot be beaten!
____16____
Both Lancashire and London claim to be the first to invent this famous meal. Chips were a cheap basic food of the industrial north while fried fish was introduced in London’s East End. ____17____ So was born our national dish of fish and chips!
____18____ Mr. Lees sold fish and chips from a wooden shelter in the market. Later he moved the business to a permanent shop across the road. However in London, it is said that Joseph Malin, a Jewish immigrant, opened a fish and chip shop in Cleveland Way within the sound of Bow Bells in the 1860s.
Fish and chip shops were originally small family businesses, often run from the front room of the house and were commonplace by the late 19th century. Through the latter part of the 19th century and well into the 20th century, the fish and chip trade expanded greatly to satisfy the needs of the growing industrial population of Great Britain. Fish and chips became vital to the diet of the ordinary people. ____19____
In 1999, the British consumed nearly 300 million servings of fish and chips. That equates to six servings for every man, woman and child in the country. ____20____ That’s eight for every one Burger King restaurant, making British Fish and Chips the nation’s favourite take-away.
A It quickly became a favourite of the workers.
B. People soon decided to put fried fish and chips together.
C. John Lees owned a restaurant and sold the famous pairing.
D. So how, when and where did this British dish come about
E. There are now around 8,500 fish and chip shops across the UK.
F. Some shops had to employ doormen to control the queue at busy times.
G. The first fish and chip shop in Lancashire is thought to have opened in 1863.
第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After a long time of struggling with lung cancer, my father passed away, due to which, my life ____21____ a lot after my father’s death. As the eldest son in my family, I took the responsibility of raising the family. In order to ____22____ my sick mother and two younger brothers, I couldn’t help but ____23____ school and work to support my family. It seemed to me that life was always hard at that time. However, a thread of hope flashed in those ____24____ days. It was a rainy dusk when I exposed myself to the rain and walked in the street.
Suddenly the rain stopped! ____25____, I looked up, only to find that “the sky” was in fact a dark blue umbrella. Then came a deep voice. “Why not run ____26____ an umbrella ” A middle-aged man with one leg on crutch (腋杖) said to me, “run” in the rain, and you will get less wet. I shook my head with politeness, but his words shocked me deeply. Without my father’s ____27____, could I only be a slave to the fate (命运)
While walking together in the rain, I knew he was a promoter from the city. Having received an order from his company, he had to spend much time on it. Looking at this guy, I had no sympathy but ____28____. I took the umbrella from his hand and walked with him all the way. He told me he once had ____29____ being a policeman. However, an accident _____30_____ his dream. His present work was demanding and was not his cup of tea, but every travelling was a wonderful start to him. To his happiness, he never _____31_____ heart and still “ran” on the road of life.
_____32_____by what the man remarked, I headed for a southern city and became an insurance representative. After two years’ running, I got my _____33_____ and the life condition in my family _____34_____ better gradually.
Everything is so simple: to run without an umbrella! Only when you _____35_____ the rainy season of your life will there be bright sky ahead of you. Never give up!
21. A. affected B. suffered C. damaged D. managed
22. A. take away B. attend to C. watch out D. bring up
23. A. desert B. stop C. quit D. dismiss
24 A. bright B. white C. colorful D. dark
25. A. Interested B. Confused C. Excited D. Disappointed
26. A. with B. without C. for D. to
27. A. praise B. comfort C. protection D. attention
28. A. admiration B. envy C. appreciation D. care
29. A. dreamed of B. cared about C. concentrated on D. adapted to
30. A. defeated B. damaged C. ruined D. wiped
31. A. lost B. took C. changed D. gathered
32. A. Amused B. Terrified C. Encouraged D. Shocked
33. A. way B. start C. end D. future
34. A. turned out B. worked out C. carried out D. turned into
35. A. run into B. run across C. run away with D. run out of
第二节(共10小题：每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from ____36____ increasing volume or tourists, many of whom ____37____(frequent) threw garbage into the river. Many tour boats contributes ____38____ the problem too. Kitchens on board were using lots of oil, ____39____ was often thrown into the water. The growth in ____40____(tour) also meant the local population rose rapidly, as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises. Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ____41____(end) up in the river. In order ____42____(feed) more people, more chemicals ____43____(use) to increase crop production. These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, causing a decrease in the number of fish species. Local officials were ____44____(concern) that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the rivers’ ____45____(origin) beauty.
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，为了丰富同学们的文学素养，你校决定暑假期间开放图书馆，让同学们可以自由回校看书。请你用英语写一封信将此事分享给你的英国好友Mary。以下是写作的内容要点。
1.向好友陈述你校暑假开放图书馆事件；
2.向好友简述你校图书馆基本构造及藏书；
3.谈谈你对这件事的看法。
注意：1.词数100词左右，开头语已为你写好；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Melati and Isabel deeply love their home on the island, surrounded by tropical rain forests, green fields, and a vast ocean. Enjoying a swim at their local beach was once a daily pleasure for them. But when Melati was fifteen, and Isabel just ten, the sisters started to lose their enthusiasm for swimming in the waters near their borne. More often than not, plastic bags would be around them as they swam and some were scattered on the beach. They got really upset about that.
Melati didn’t think much about it until one day her teacher gave a lesson on some world heroes. Each of those people had sparked movements of positive changes in the world. They believed in the impact they could have and they did inspire more people to do something meaningful. After school, Melati walked home slowly in silence, concerned about the vast amount of plastic rubbish on the beach. The heroes crossed her mind. If they could do it, we could do it too, she thought. The idea lit her up. She couldn’t wait to share what she thought with Isabel and quickened her pace.
“So many plastic bags around! The beach is dirty and messy! It’s so terrible! We have lost the clean and beautiful beach. Can’t we do something to get it back ” Melati said heartily. Isabel felt a bit puzzled at what to do, but she also had a strong desire to do something. Picturing a beach as fascinating as before in mind, the pair jumped with joy.
They talked a lot, anxious to know how Dad and Mom would respond to their ideas. That night when the family sat by the dinner table, the sisters eagerly got their ideas across. While Mom and Dad listened to the girls carefully, their eyes shone. “How amazing that would be! We are so proud of you!” Dad exclaimed. Mom came up, gave them a thumb up and hugged the sisters.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Melati and Isabel decided to make a positive impact straight away.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One month later, Melati received a call from the local newspaper.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2022-2023学年度第二学期高二级英语科期中考试卷
(试卷满分150分考试时间120分钟)
第一部分 阅读
第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Introduction to the Events Held in the British Library
International Translation Day
29th-30th, September 2022
International Translation Day returns with a two-day programme from English PEN. It is the annual event for translators, translation and translated literature. Following the in-person programme of London-based workshops, talks and networking opportunities, English PEN hosts online conversations with international speakers.
Audio Description Tour of Gold
19th September, 2022
On this tour you can explore items that are hundreds of years old and disclose the stories lightened by gold. Discover the masterful techniques used to handle such a precious metal. This is an online only event hosted on the British Library platform. People booking it will be sent a viewing link in advance to watch at any time for 48 hours after the start time.
Spring and Summer 2022 Programme
12th February-21st August 2022
The British Library has cooperated with West Dean College of Arts and Conservation to deliver a study programme on preservation and collection for libraries. The programme centers around continued professional development and is aimed at professionals, students and others interested in furthering their skills in this area.
Alexander the Great: The Making of Wonders
21st October, 2022-19th February, 2023
Alexander, born in ancient Macedonia, built an empire that stretched across the ancient world, and his exploration of unfamiliar lands, rulers and cultures, from European to Asian shaped his legacy into the fantastic stories we know of today. Join librarians, writers and historians to dig into these stories, as you decide for yourself who Alexander really was.
1. What do the first two listed events have in common
A. Both last two days. B. Both should be booked in advance.
C. Both are available on the Internet. D. Both are based in London workshops.
2 What does Spring and Summer 2022 Programme focus on
A. The construction of college campuses.
B. The exploration of ancient technology.
C. The introduction of metal-handling techniques.
D. The development of library collection professions.
3. Which event is concerned with a historical figure
A. International Translation Day.
B. Audio Description Tour of Gold.
C. Spring and Summer 2022 Programme.
D. Alexander the Great: The Making of Wonders.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了大英图书馆的一些活动。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章“International Translation Day”部分内容“Following the in-person programme of London-based workshops, talks and networking opportunities, English PEN hosts online conversations with international speakers.(除了在伦敦举办的面对面的研讨会、谈话和交流机会外，英国笔会还主持与国际演讲者的在线对话。)”可知，该项目有网络的在线对话，而“Audio Description Tour of Gold”部分内容“People booking it will be sent a viewing link in advance to watch at any time for 48 hours after the start time.(预定的观众将提前收到观看链接，可以在开演后48小时内随时观看。)”则提到可以提前通过网络链接观看演出。由此可推知，二者的共同点是都可以通过在网上找到。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Spring and Summer 2022 Programme”部分内容“The British Library has cooperated with West Dean College of Arts and Conservation to deliver a study programme on preservation and collection for libraries. The programme centers around continued professional development and is aimed at professionals, students and others interested in furthering their skills in this area.(大英图书馆与西迪恩艺术与保护学院合作，为图书馆提供了一个关于保存和收藏的研究项目。该项目以持续专业发展为中心，面向专业人士、学生和其他有兴趣在这一领域提高技能的人。)”可知，该项目涉及图书馆的“保存和收藏”，即，馆藏专业，以该专业的持续性发展为中心。因此，该项目的重点是图书馆馆藏事业的发展。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干关键词“a historical figure”定位到文章“Alexander the Great: The Making of Wonders”部分内容“Alexander, born in ancient Macedonia, built an empire that stretched across the ancient world, and his exploration of unfamiliar lands, rulers and cultures, from European to Asian shaped his legacy into the fantastic stories we know of today.(亚历山大出生于古代马其顿，他建立了一个横跨古代世界的帝国，他对陌生的土地、统治者和文化的探索，从欧洲到亚洲，将他的遗产塑造成我们今天所知道的奇妙故事。)”可知，该项目是与历史人物亚历山大有关。故选D项。
B
On her blog, Debra Ferrell received the typical birthday greetings when she turned 53, but some of the messages were different. One of them told her about the Smith family who had just lost their four-year-old son to cancer. His older brother was grieving deeply. Could Ferrell offer some support
That message and the 30 or so others like it were exactly what Ferrell was looking for. To celebrate her 53rd, the long-time social service professional had put out a call on her blog. She wanted to commit 53 random acts of kindness by the end of her birth month, and she needed information on people who could use one. When she got the note about the Smith family, she sent a wind chime (风铃) with the message “Listen to the wind and know that I am near” written on it. It now hangs in the four-year old’s bedroom, where his older brother can go to listen to it whenever he wants.
This is not the first time that Ferrell has decided to give gifts for her birthday. For her 47th, in 2016, she founded Love in Action, an organization committed to doing something good near her home and beyond Its aim is simple: Do Your Best, Show Your Love!
Over the years, the organization has reached out and touched well over 100 strangers, some found via Ferrell’s blog, others with help from her grandkids. The organization also shares inexpensive and creative gift ideas for others to help people in need.
Ferrell pays for everything herself: gift cards, pay-it-forward purchases at drive-throughs, and care packages. Her family often gives her some extra birthday cash with a serious warning against spending it on anyone else, which she naturally ignores. “I got a couple of gift cards form birthday this year and was like YESSS!” It’s Ferrell’s party, and she’ll give if she wants to.
4. What were the unusual messages Ferrell got on her 53rd birthday
A. Help requests. B. Donation offers.
C. Gift ideas. D. Birthday wishes.
5. What can we learn about Ferrell from her gift to the Smith family
A. She is caring and brave.
B. She is loving and helpful.
C. She is patient and romantic.
D. She is creative and determined.
6. Which of the following best describes Love in Action
A. It involves people in acts of kindness.
B. It holds the belief that kindness pays off.
C. It offers aid within Ferrell’s neighborhood.
D. It mainly aims to educate kids to help out.
7. Why does Ferrell’s family give her warnings
A. She thinks little of her family’s concern.
B. She treats strangers better than her family.
C. She is financially dependent on her family.
D. She is too ready to give away her birthday gifts.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Della Steward在53岁生日那天在她的博客上收到了祝福，但是也收到了求助信息，Della Steward用实际行动为有需要的人提供帮助。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“One of them told her about the Smith family who had just lost their four-year-old son to cancer. His older brother was grieving deeply. Could Ferrell offer some support (其中一人告诉她，史密斯一家刚刚因癌症失去了四岁的儿子。他的哥哥悲痛欲绝。Della能帮忙吗)”可知，Della Steward在53岁生日那天收到的不同寻常的信息是一条求助信息。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“When she got the note about the Smith family, she sent a wind chime (风铃)with the message “Listen to the wind and know that I am near” written on it. It now hangs in the four-year old’s bedroom, where his older brother can go to listen to it whenever he wants.(当她收到关于史密斯一家的便条时，她送了一个风铃，上面写着“听风，知道我就在你身边”。这首歌现在挂在四岁孩子的卧室里，他的哥哥随时都可以去听)”推知，Della Steward是一个有爱心且乐于助人的人。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“For her 47th, in 2016, she founded Love in Action, an organization committed to doing something good near her home and beyond Its aim is simple: Do Your Best, Show Your Love!( 2016年，在她47岁的时候，她创立了“爱在行动”，这是一个致力于在她家附近和家外做好事的组织。其目标很简单：尽你所能，展现你的爱！)”可知，“爱在行动”组织需要人们付出善良的行动。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Ferrell pays for everything herself: gift cards, pay-it-forward purchases at drive-throughs, and care packages. Her family often gives her some extra birthday cash with a serious warning against spending it on anyone else, which she naturally ignores.(Ferrell 自己付所有的钱：礼品卡、免下车购物的转帐、爱心包裹。她的家人经常给她一些额外的生日现金，并严厉警告她不要把钱花在其他人身上，而她自然会忽略这一点)”推知，家人给她警告的原因是认为Della已经准备好送出自己的生日礼物。故选D。
C
Chances are that you can name a few animals that are facing extinction. But what about plants With some 40% of plant species under threat of extinction—and given humankind’s reliance on the plant world—one might think there’d be more urgency around protecting them. Yet in the United States, for example, plants receive less than 4% of federal funding for endangered species, despite composing 57% of the endangered species list.
Given the current state of the planet, what we desperately need is some way to engage people to care about such matters. Now a paper published by Oxford University Press might have found a way to increase awareness about plants. How By watching nature documentaries (记录片).
For the paper, they focused on The Green Planet, the 2022 BBC plant-focused documentary, which was watched by nearly 5 million people in the United Kingdom.
To figure out if the documentary engaged viewers enough to want to learn more, the researchers looked at people’s online behavior around the time of the broadcast. The researchers noted a substantial effect of Green Planet on viewers’ awareness and interest in the portrayed plant species. Wikipedia data showed this as well. Almost a third (31.3%) of the Wikipedia pages related to plants mentioned in Green Planet showed increased visits the week after the broadcast. The investigators also note that people were more likely to do online searches for plants that enjoyed more screen time on Green Planet.
“I think that increasing public awareness of plants is essential and fascinating,” said the paper’s lead author, Joanna Kacprzyk. “In this study, we show that nature documentaries can increase plant awareness among the audience. Our results also suggest that the viewers found certain plant species particularly attractive. These plants could be used for promoting plant conservation efforts and reducing the alarming loss of plant biodiversity (生物多样性).”
8. What can we learn from the first paragraph
A. 60% of animal species are dying out.
B. Endangered plants are more easily neglected.
C. Endangered animals are not financially supported.
D. Human beings rely more on animals than plants.
9. What is the benefit of watching nature documentaries
A. Changing people’s online behavior.
B. Increasing viewers’ interest in nature.
C. Investigating search preference of the public.
D. Engaging audience with plant preservation.
10. What is one factor that influenced how much people searched for certain plants online after watching The Green Planet
A. How colorful they were. B. How rare they were.
C. How much screen time they had. D. How useful they were.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. Alarming Loss of Plant Biodiversity.
B. Saving Plants, Saving the Planet.
C. Nature Documentaries Promote Plant Awareness.
D. Green Planet and Endangered Species.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍观看以植物为中心的自然纪录片可以帮助人们理解植物的重要性，从而加大对植物物种的保护。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“But what about plants With some 40% of plant species under threat of extinction—and given humankind’s reliance on the plant world—one might think there’d be more urgency around protecting them. Yet in the United States, for example, plants receive less than 4% of federal funding for endangered species, despite composing 57% of the endangered species list. (但是植物呢 大约40%的植物物种面临灭绝的威胁，考虑到人类对植物世界的依赖，人们可能会认为保护它们更加紧迫。然而，以美国为例，尽管植物在濒危物种名单中占57%，但它们获得的濒危物种联邦资金却不到4%)”可知，濒危植物更容易被忽视。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The researchers noted a substantial effect of Green Planet on viewers’ awareness and interest in the portrayed plant species. Wikipedia data showed this as well. Almost a third (31.3%) of the Wikipedia pages related to plants mentioned in Green Planet showed increased visits the week after the broadcast. (研究人员注意到，《绿色星球》对观众对所描绘的植物物种的认识和兴趣产生了重大影响。维基百科的数据也显示了这一点。近三分之一(31.3%)与《绿色星球》中提到的植物相关的维基百科页面在播出后一周的访问量有所增加)”和最后一段的In this study, we show that nature documentaries can increase plant awareness among the audience. Our results also suggest that the viewers found certain plant species particularly attractive. These plants could be used for promoting plant conservation efforts and reducing the alarming loss of plant biodiversity (生物多样性).(在这项研究中，我们表明自然纪录片可以提高观众对植物的认识。我们的研究结果还表明，观众发现某些植物物种特别有吸引力。这些植物可以用来促进植物保护工作，减少植物生物多样性的惊人丧失)”可知，观看自然纪录片的好处是让观众参与植物的保护。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“The investigators also note that people were more likely to do online searches for plants that enjoyed more screen time on Green Planet.(研究人员还指出，人们更有可能在网上搜索那些在绿色星球上享受更多屏幕时间的植物)”可知，植物出现的屏幕时间影响了人们在观看《绿色星球》后在网上搜索某些植物的数量。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第二段“Given the current state of the planet, what we desperately need is some way to engage people to care about such matters. Now a paper published by Oxford University Press might have found a way to increase awareness about plants. How By watching nature documentaries (记录片).(考虑到地球目前的状况，我们迫切需要的是某种让人们关心这些事情的方法。现在，牛津大学出版社发表的一篇论文可能已经找到了一种提高人们对植物认识的方法。如何 通过看自然纪录片)”可知，文章主要介绍观看以植物为中心的自然纪录片可以帮助人们理解植物的重要性，从而加大对植物物种的保护。因此C项“Nature Documentaries Promote Plant Awareness.(自然纪录片促进植物（保护）意识)”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。
D
Back in the early 2000s, lots of people couldn’t have imagined life without alarm clocks, CD players, calendars, cameras, or lots of other devices. But along came the iPhone and other smartphones, and they took over the functions of dozens of things we used to think were essential.
The smartphone story could even be a model for fighting climate change; not because smartphones use a small part of the energy of all the things they replace - although they do-but because they represent a different approach to design in general. And that approach is to focus on function rather than form. That requires focusing on understanding the underlying problem，and then engineering a wide range of potential solutions. This approach could revolutionize how we think about energy efficiency.
Traditionally, improvements in energy efficiency have mostly focused on individual devices, which can be quite fruitful. But focusing on individual devices is like if Apple had spent effort inventing a better alarm clock, a better CD player, a better calendar, and a better camera. Now with an iPhone, we don’t need the standalone(独立运行的) devices at all, because it can function as all of them.
So when it comes to using energy efficiently, rather than just installing a more efficient heater，some people have focused instead on the desired function: staying warm. They designed and coated their house so well that they could get rid of their heater altogether, letting them heat their house with 99% less energy.
In the same way, rather than just making cars more efficient, what if we focus on the desired function-getting where we want when we want-and create an efficient transportation system where we can drive less or get rid of our personal cars entirely
The most energy efficient car or heater is no car, or no heater, while still being able to get around and stay warm. In other words, it’s not thinking efficient, it’s thinking different.
12. What makes the iPhone a good example of environmental protection
A. Perfecting individual devices. B. Combining possible functions.
C. Adopting a simplest design. D. Reducing the energy consumption.
13. According to the passage, what is the core of improving energy efficiency
A. Using recyclable materials. B. Revolutionizing technologies.
C. Figuring out various solutions. D. Concentrating on the essential needs.
14 What does the author think of traditional practices in energy improvements
A. Fruitless. B. Out-of-date. C. Adequate. D. Perfect.
15. What can we learn from the passage
A. Think out of the box. B. Differences make it unique.
C. Be economical with energy. D. Step out of the comfort zone.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。在21世纪初，许多人无法想象没有闹钟、CD播放器、日历、相机或许多其他设备的生活是什么样的。但随着iPhone和其他智能手机的出现，它们取代了我们过去认为必不可少的几十种功能。这也彻底改变了我们对能源效率的看法。能源效应注重于人们的基本需求，创造一个高效的交通系统，尽可能地节约能源。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But along came the iPhone and other smartphones, and they took over the functions of dozens of things we used to think were essential.(但随着iPhone和其他智能手机的出现，它们接管了几十种我们过去认为必不可少的功能)”和第二段中的“The smartphone story could even be a model for fighting climate change; not because smartphones use a small part of the energy of all the things they replace-although they do-but because they represent a different approach to design in general. And that approach is to focus on function rather than form.(智能手机的故事甚至可以成为对抗气候变化的一个模式；不是因为智能手机只消耗了它们所取代的所有东西的一小部分能源——尽管它们确实如此——而是因为它们代表了一种总体上不同的设计方法。这种方法是关注功能而不是形式)”可知，iPhone和其他智能手机取代了我们过去认为必不可少的几十种功能，智能手机注重的是功能。由此可推断出智能手机成为环保的典范是因为它们是许多功能的组合。故选B。
【13题详解】
推断判断题。根据第三段“Traditionally, improvements in energy efficiency have mostly focused on individual devices, which can be quite fruitful. But focusing on individual devices is like if Apple had spent effort inventing a better alarm clock, a better CD player, a better calendar, and a better camera. Now with an iPhone, we don't need the standalone devices at all, because it can function as all of them.(传统上，能源效率的提高主要集中在单个设备上，这可能相当富有成效。但专注于单个设备，就好比苹果公司花精力发明了更好的闹钟、更好的CD机、更好的日历和更好的相机。现在有了iPhone，我们完全不需要独立的设备，因为它可以兼任他们所有的设备的功能)”和第四段中具体例子“So when it comes to using energy efficiently, rather than just installing a more efficient heater, some people have focused instead on the desired function(因此，当谈到高效利用能源，不仅仅是安装一个更有效的加热器，一些人更注重想要的功能)”可推断，提高能源效率的核心是注重于人们的基本需要。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。从文章第三段“Traditionally, improvements in energy efficiency have mostly focused on individual devices, which can be quite fruitful.(传统上，能源效率的提高主要集中在单个设备上，这是非常有成效的)可以推断出作者对于传统的做法持认可的态度。结合本段最后一句话 “Now with an iPhone, we don’t need the standalone devices at all, because it can function as all of them.(现在有了iPhone，我们完全不需要独立的设备，因为它可以兼任他们所有的设备的功能。)”可推断出作者更加推崇当前新的发展趋势，而传统的做法有点过时了，故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。文章最后一段对于全文进行了总结，根据最后一段内容“The most energy efficient car or heater is no car, or no heater, while still being able to get around and stay warm. In other words, it’s not thinking efficient, it’s thinking different.(最节能的汽车或加热器是没有汽车，或没有加热器，但仍然能够四处走动和保持温暖。换句话说，这不是高效的思考，而是与众不同的思考。)”可知，文章带来的启示是要跳出思维的框框，就是要打破常规。分析选项A. Think out of the box. 打破常规；B. Differences make it unique. 差异使它独一无二；C. Be economical with energy节约能源；D. Step out of the comfort zone走出舒适区，可知A项符合题意，故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ahh... Fish, chips and mushy peas! There is nothing more British than fish and chips. Freshly cooked, boiling hot fish and chips, topped with salt and seasoned with vinegar, packed in newspaper and eaten out-of-doors on a cold and wintry day — it simply cannot be beaten!
____16____
Both Lancashire and London claim to be the first to invent this famous meal. Chips were a cheap, basic food of the industrial north while fried fish was introduced in London’s East End. ____17____ So was born our national dish of fish and chips!
____18____ Mr. Lees sold fish and chips from a wooden shelter in the market. Later he moved the business to a permanent shop across the road. However in London, it is said that Joseph Malin, a Jewish immigrant, opened a fish and chip shop in Cleveland Way within the sound of Bow Bells in the 1860s.
Fish and chip shops were originally small family businesses, often run from the front room of the house and were commonplace by the late 19th century. Through the latter part of the 19th century and well into the 20th century, the fish and chip trade expanded greatly to satisfy the needs of the growing industrial population of Great Britain. Fish and chips became vital to the diet of the ordinary people. ____19____
In 1999, the British consumed nearly 300 million servings of fish and chips. That equates to six servings for every man, woman and child in the country. ____20____ That’s eight for every one Burger King restaurant, making British Fish and Chips the nation’s favourite take-away.
A. It quickly became a favourite of the workers.
B. People soon decided to put fried fish and chips together.
C. John Lees owned a restaurant and sold the famous pairing.
D. So how, when and where did this British dish come about
E. There are now around 8,500 fish and chip shops across the UK.
F. Some shops had to employ doormen to control the queue at busy times.
G. The first fish and chip shop in Lancashire is thought to have opened in 1863.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. G 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英式美食炸鱼和炸薯条的诞生过程。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Both Lancashire and London claim to be the first to invent this famous meal. (兰开夏郡和伦敦都声称自己是第一个发明这种著名大餐的人。)”以及下文的介绍可知是讲述英式美食炸鱼和炸薯条的诞生过程，故D项“那么，这道英国菜是如何、什么时候、从哪里传来的呢？”符合题意，故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Chips were a cheap, basic food of the industrial north while fried fish was introduced in London’s East End. (薯条是北方工业地区的一种廉价的基本食物，而炸鱼则在伦敦东区被引进。)”和设空处的下文“(我们的国菜炸鱼薯条就这样诞生了!)”由此可知是这个时候人们把炸鱼和炸薯条放在一起食用，便有了炸鱼薯条的诞生，故选B。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Mr. Lees sold fish and chips from a wooden shelter in the market. Later he moved the business to a permanent shop across the road. However in London, it is said that Joseph Malin, a Jewish immigrant, opened a fish and chip shop in Cleveland Way within the sound of Bow Bells in the 1860s. (Lees先生在市场上的木制居所卖炸鱼和薯条。后来，他把公司搬到了马路对面的一家永久商店。然而，在伦敦，据说约瑟夫·马林，一个犹太移民，在克利夫兰路开了一家炸鱼薯条店。)”由此可知，这一段主要讨论的是第一家开设炸鱼和薯条商店的，G项“兰开夏郡的第一家炸鱼薯条店据说于1863年开业。”符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Through the latter part of the 19th century and well into the 20th century, the fish and chip trade expanded greatly to satisfy the needs of the growing industrial population of Great Britain. Fish and chips became vital to the diet of the ordinary people.( 从19世纪下半叶到20世纪，炸鱼和薯条贸易大大扩张，以满足英国不断增长的工业人口的需求。炸鱼和薯条对普通人的饮食至关重要。) ”可知本段主要讲炸鱼和薯条成为越来越重要的饮食，被大众所接受，F项“有些商店在繁忙时不得不雇佣门卫来控制排队。”承接上文，符合题意，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“In 1999, the British consumed nearly 300 million servings of fish and chips. That equates to six servings for every man, woman and child in the country. (1999年，英国食用了近3亿份炸鱼和薯条。这相当于这个国家的每个男人、女人和孩子都吃六份。)”可知英国人都喜欢吃炸鱼和薯条，所以可推断在英国有很多的炸鱼和薯条店，因此E项“现在在英国大约有8500家炸鱼薯条店。”符合语境，故选E。
第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After a long time of struggling with lung cancer, my father passed away, due to which, my life ____21____ a lot after my father’s death. As the eldest son in my family, I took the responsibility of raising the family. In order to ____22____ my sick mother and two younger brothers, I couldn’t help but ____23____ school and work to support my family. It seemed to me that life was always hard at that time. However, a thread of hope flashed in those ____24____ days. It was a rainy dusk when I exposed myself to the rain and walked in the street.
Suddenly the rain stopped! ____25____, I looked up, only to find that “the sky” was in fact a dark blue umbrella. Then came a deep voice. “Why not run ____26____ an umbrella ” A middle-aged man with one leg on crutch (腋杖) said to me, “run” in the rain, and you will get less wet. I shook my head with politeness, but his words shocked me deeply. Without my father’s ____27____, could I only be a slave to the fate (命运)
While walking together in the rain, I knew he was a promoter from the city. Having received an order from his company, he had to spend much time on it. Looking at this guy, I had no sympathy but ____28____. I took the umbrella from his hand and walked with him all the way. He told me he once had ____29____ being a policeman. However, an accident _____30_____ his dream. His present work was demanding and was not his cup of tea, but every travelling was a wonderful start to him. To his happiness, he never _____31_____ heart and still “ran” on the road of life.
_____32_____by what the man remarked, I headed for a southern city and became an insurance representative. After two years’ running, I got my _____33_____ and the life condition in my family _____34_____ better gradually.
Everything is so simple: to run without an umbrella! Only when you _____35_____ the rainy season of your life will there be bright sky ahead of you. Never give up!
21. A. affected B. suffered C. damaged D. managed
22. A. take away B. attend to C. watch out D. bring up
23. A. desert B. stop C. quit D. dismiss
24. A. bright B. white C. colorful D. dark
25. A. Interested B. Confused C. Excited D. Disappointed
26. A. with B. without C. for D. to
27. A. praise B. comfort C. protection D. attention
28. A. admiration B. envy C. appreciation D. care
29. A. dreamed of B. cared about C. concentrated on D. adapted to
30. A. defeated B. damaged C. ruined D. wiped
31. A. lost B. took C. changed D. gathered
32. A. Amused B. Terrified C. Encouraged D. Shocked
33. A. way B. start C. end D. future
34. A. turned out B. worked out C. carried out D. turned into
35. A. run into B. run across C. run away with D. run out of
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，文章作者通过自己的亲身经历，说明只有当你走出人生的雨季，你的前面才会有明亮的天空，永远不要放弃。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在与肺癌斗争了很长一段时间后，我的父亲去世了，由于父亲的去世，我的生活在我父亲死后遭受了很多困难。A. affected影响；B. suffered遭受；C. damaged损害；D. managed管理。根据下文“It seemed to me that life was always hard at that time”可知，作者的父亲死后，作者的生活遭受了很多苦难。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了照顾生病的母亲和两个小弟弟，我不得不辍学工作来养家糊口。A. take away拿走；B. attend to照顾；C. watch out小心；D. bring up养育；抚养。根据前文“As the eldest son in my family, I took the responsibility of raising the family.”和下文“my sick mother and two younger brothers”可知，作者作为家里的长子，担负起养家的责任，照顾生病的母亲和弟弟，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了照顾生病的母亲和两个弟弟，我不得不辍学工作来养家糊口。A. desert遗弃；B. stop停止；C. quit放弃；D. dismiss解散。根据下文“and work to support my family.”可知，作者不得不辍学，quit school意为“辍学”。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，在那些黑暗的日子里，一线希望闪现。A. bright明亮的；B. white白色的；C. colorful色彩斑斓的；D. dark黑暗的。根据上文“It seemed to me that life was always hard at that time.”可知，那些日子对于作者来说是黑暗的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我疑惑地抬起头，才发现“天空”其实是一把深蓝色的伞。A. Interested感兴趣的；B. Confused困惑的；C. Excited兴奋的；D. Disappointed失望的。根据上文“Suddenly the rain stopped!”可知，作者很困惑。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：为什么不带伞跑步呢？A. with和；用；B. without没有；C. for为了；D. to对于。根据最后一段的“to run without an umbrella”可知，句子表示“为什么不带伞跑步呢”，空格处意为“没有”，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有父亲的保护，难道我只是命运的奴隶吗？A. praise表扬；B. comfort安慰；C. protection保护；D. attention注意力。根据第一段的“after my father’s death”可知，句子表示“没有父亲的保护，难道我只是命运的奴隶吗”，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着这个人，我没有同情，只有敬佩。A. admiration钦佩；B. envy嫉妒；C. appreciation欣赏；D. care关怀。根据下文“His present work was demanding and was not his cup of tea, but every travelling was a wonderful start to him.”可知，作者对这个人非常敬佩，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他告诉我他曾经梦想成为一名警察，但一场事故毁了他的梦想。A. dreamed of梦想；B. cared about在乎；C. concentrated on集中；D. adapted to适应。根据下文“being a policeman. However, an accident ____10____ his dream.”可知，他曾经梦想成为警察。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是一次事故毁了他的梦想。A. defeated打败；B. damaged损害；C. ruined毁灭；D. wiped擦。根据上文“he once had dreamed of being a policeman, but an accident”可知，事故毁了他的梦想，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸福的是，他从未失去信心，仍然在人生的道路上“奔跑”。A. lost失去；B. took拿走；C. changed改变；D. gathered聚集。根据下文“and still “ran” on the road of life.可知，他从没有失去信心，lose heart意为“失去信心”。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个人的话的鼓励下，我去了一个南方城市，当了一名保险代表。A. Amused逗笑；B. Terrified（使）害怕；C. Encouraged鼓励；D. Shocked使震惊。根据下文“I headed for a southern city and became an insurance representative.”可知，作者受到这个男子言辞的鼓励。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过两年的努力，我有了好的开始，我的家庭条件逐渐变好。A. way路；B. start开始；C. end我的结束；D. future未来。根据下文“the life condition in my family ___14___ better gradually”可知，作者有了一个好的开始，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：经过两年的努力，我有了好的开始，我的家庭条件逐渐变好。A. turned out结果是；B. worked out解决；C. carried out实施；D. turned into变成。根据下文“better gradually”可知，作者家庭条件结果逐渐变好，空格处意为“结果是”，故选A。
35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：只有跑出了人生的雨季，前方才会有灿烂的天空。A. run into撞上；B. run across偶然遇到；C. run away with 轻易获得；D. run out of跑出。根据下文“Never give up!”可知，不要放弃，跑出了人生的雨季，前方会有灿烂的天空，故选D。
第二节(共10小题：每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from ____36____ increasing volume or tourists, many of whom ____37____(frequent) threw garbage into the river. Many tour boats contributes ____38____ the problem too. Kitchens on board were using lots of oil, ____39____ was often thrown into the water. The growth in ____40____(tour) also meant the local population rose rapidly, as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises. Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ____41____(end) up in the river. In order ____42____(feed) more people, more chemicals ____43____(use) to increase crop production. These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, causing a decrease in the number of fish species. Local officials were ____44____(concern) that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the rivers’ ____45____(origin) beauty.
【答案】36. an
37. frequently 38. to
39. which 40. tourism
41. ending 42. to feed
43. were used
44. concerned
45. original
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美丽的漓江是最著名的旅游目的地之一，但旅游业的发展对漓江的水质产生了负面影响。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：此前，由于游客数量的增加，漓江的水质受到了很大影响，许多游客经常向河里扔垃圾。结合句意可知，此处为固定短语a/an...volume of“大量”，且定语increasing的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词threw应用提示词的副词形式。故填frequently。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：许多旅游船也造成了这个问题。结合句意表达“导致，促成”用contribute to。故填to。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：船上的厨房用了很多油，这些油经常被扔进水中。空处引导非限制性定语从句，代替先行词oil在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：旅游业的增长也意味着当地人口以及商业和工业企业的数量迅速增加。空处应填名词作宾语，结合句意表达“旅游业”用tourism，抽象概念，不可数。故填tourism。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：水污染水平上升，越来越多的家庭和商业垃圾最终流入河流。此处为with复合结构，空处应填非谓语动词作宾补，end up和waste之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填ending。
【42题详解】
考查不定式。句意：为了养活更多的人，更多的化学物质被用来增加作物产量。in order to do sth.“为了做某事”是固定短语，故空处填不定式。故填to feed。
【43题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意同上。空处为句子谓语动词，结合上下文语境可知，句子陈述过去的事情，且主语chemicals和use之间是被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填were used。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境，并认为应采取紧急措施恢复河流的原始美景。作表语，表示“担心的”应用形容词concerned。故填concerned。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。作定语，表示“原始的，最初的”用original。故填original。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，为了丰富同学们的文学素养，你校决定暑假期间开放图书馆，让同学们可以自由回校看书。请你用英语写一封信将此事分享给你的英国好友Mary。以下是写作的内容要点。
1.向好友陈述你校暑假开放图书馆事件；
2.向好友简述你校图书馆基本构造及藏书；
3.谈谈你对这件事的看法。
注意：1.词数100词左右，开头语已为你写好；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mary,
How are you going I want to share some exciting news with you about my school’s plans for the upcoming summer vacation. Our school has decided to open the library during the summer break so that students can come back to campus and read books freely.
Our library is quite impressive, with three floors of books and resources, where we have a wide variety of books available for students of all interests and backgrounds.
Personally, I think this is a great initiative by the school as it encourages students to read more and helps develop our literary skills. It also provides a quiet and comfortable space for students to study and work during the summer break. I hope this letter has given you a good idea of what’s happening at my school. I can’t wait to hear your thoughts on this!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给好友Mary写信，告诉她学校图书馆暑假会开放的消息，并简要介绍图书馆的构造和藏书，以及自己对此事的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
令人兴奋的：exciting→thrilling
大量的：a wide variety of→a wide range of
培养：develop→nurture
观点，想法：thought→opinion
2.句型拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It also provides a quiet and comfortable space for students to study and work during the summer break.
拓展句：It also provides a quiet and comfortable space where students can study and work during the summer break.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Our school has decided to open the library during the summer break so that students can come back to campus and read books freely.（运用了so that引导的目的状语从句）
[高分句型2]Our library is quite impressive, with three floors of books and resources, where we have a wide variety of books available for students of all interests and backgrounds.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3]I hope this letter has given you a good idea of what’s happening at my school.（运用了what引导的宾语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Melati and Isabel deeply love their home on the island, surrounded by tropical rain forests, green fields, and a vast ocean. Enjoying a swim at their local beach was once a daily pleasure for them. But when Melati was fifteen, and Isabel just ten, the sisters started to lose their enthusiasm for swimming in the waters near their borne. More often than not, plastic bags would be around them as they swam and some were scattered on the beach. They got really upset about that.
Melati didn’t think much about it until one day her teacher gave a lesson on some world heroes. Each of those people had sparked movements of positive changes in the world. They believed in the impact they could have and they did inspire more people to do something meaningful. After school, Melati walked home slowly in silence, concerned about the vast amount of plastic rubbish on the beach. The heroes crossed her mind. If they could do it, we could do it too, she thought. The idea lit her up. She couldn’t wait to share what she thought with Isabel and quickened her pace.
“So many plastic bags around! The beach is dirty and messy! It’s so terrible! We have lost the clean and beautiful beach. Can’t we do something to get it back ” Melati said heartily. Isabel felt a bit puzzled at what to do, but she also had a strong desire to do something. Picturing a beach as fascinating as before in mind, the pair jumped with joy.
They talked a lot, anxious to know how Dad and Mom would respond to their ideas. That night when the family sat by the dinner table, the sisters eagerly got their ideas across. While Mom and Dad listened to the girls carefully, their eyes shone. “How amazing that would be! We are so proud of you!” Dad exclaimed. Mom came up, gave them a thumb up and hugged the sisters.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Melati and Isabel decided to make a positive impact straight away.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One month later Melati received a call from the local newspaper.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Melati and Isabel decided to make a positive impact straight away. They took advantage of their spare time to pick up rubbish on the beach. However, it was soon that they realized that they couldn't solve the problem on their own for there was so much plastic. After discussions and preparations, they started an organization to spread their idea among youth, involving more youths in the movement, which proved to be a hit. More and more teenagers took part. In a month, they altogether collected and recycled 2.5 tons of plastic, recovering the beautiful beach.
One month later, Melati received a call from the local newspaper. The two girls were invited to an interview in which they were asked what inspired them to start the organization, what the biggest challenges are and what advice they have for young people who want to make changes in this world. They said a team is what keeps them going on the challenging days and added, “keeping our team engaged and motivated has been a challenge and we are happy to have a positive influence.” Melati and Isabel are heroes who make a big difference to our world.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了两个女孩非常喜欢在自己家附近的海边游泳，后来发现海滩上的塑料垃圾太多了，再也不想去游泳了，心情很不好。后来课上老师讲到英雄人物，他们可以对世界起到正面影响，并激励到身边的人，两个女孩想到自己也可以去做一些事情。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“梅拉蒂和伊莎贝尔决定立即产生积极的影响。”可知，第一段可描写两个女孩采取行动去改善沙滩的状况，并发动身边的年轻人参与并创建组织，及他们的成果。
②由第二段首句内容“一个月后，梅拉蒂接到了当地一家报社的电话。”可知，第二段可描写他们的组织规模不断扩大，在当地造成影响，接受报社采访。
2.续写线索：去行动改变沙滩状况——创建组织——成果——接受采访——采访内容——谈感想
3.词汇激活
行为类
①利用：take advantage of/make use of/employ
②解决：solve/address/find a solution for
③参与： take apart/ get involved
情绪类
①受鼓舞的，激励的：motivated/inspired
②积极：positive /active
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. However, it was soon that they realized that they couldn't solve the problem on their own for there was so much plastic. (运用了强调句型)
[高分句型2]. After discussions and preparations, they started an organization to spread their idea among youth, involving more youths in the movement, which proved to be a hit.(运用了现在分词involving作状语和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型3]. The two girls were invited to an interview in which they were asked what inspired them to start the organization, what the biggest challenges are and what advice they have for young people who want to make changes in this world.（运用了in which引导了定语从句，及并列的宾语从句）

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