北师大版(2019)必修第一册Unit 1 Life Choices Lesson 1 重点单词,短语,语法,句型练习 (含解析)

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北师大版(2019)必修第一册Unit 1 Life Choices Lesson 1 重点单词,短语,语法,句型练习 (含解析)

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Unit 1 Lesson 1
重点单词,短语,语法,句型练习
单词变形
1. ________vi 闲谈,聊天 →pt________闲谈,聊天→pp________闲谈,聊天→ing________闲谈,聊天
2. ________ n 志愿,志愿者 →adj_________志愿的;服务的;自愿的
3. ________adj 肯定的,一定的 →adv________确切地,肯定地
4. ________adj 青少年的,十几岁孩子 →n ________十几岁的青少年
5. ________adj 各种各样的,多种的 →n ________种类,类型 → v ________变化,波动
6. ________adj 必须的 →adv ________必须地 →n ________必需品
7. ________adj 方便的,便利的 →n ________便利→ adv_______便利地
8. ________ adj 不方便的,不便利的 →n ________不便;麻烦→ adv_______不便利地,不方便地
9. ________n 对…上瘾的人→vt________使沉迷,使上瘾 →n _______上瘾,沉溺→adj_______使人上瘾的
10. ________n 新闻媒体,大众传播媒介 → pl ________新闻媒体,大众传播媒介
11. ________ vt复习,修正 →n ________复习,修正
12. ________ adj事实上,实际上 →adv ________事实上,实际上
13. ________n 目的,意图 →adj ________漫无目的的
14. ________n 距离,间距 →adj ________遥远的,久远的
15. ________vt 说话 →n________格言,谚语
16. ________n帮助,恩惠 →adj ________最喜爱的
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1.Polar bears — like all wild animals — should be photographed from a safe ________ (distant).
2.I failed ________(catch) the early bus, so I was late for work.
3.As a teacher, I really know what my students ________(actual) need when they meet challenges.
4.The artist has painted the scene from ________(variety) viewpoints.
5.What is the best way for you ________(solve) this problem
6.My sister is fond of___________(volunteer) in her spare time.
7.We had a long chat ________ our days at school.
8.Our parents live some ________ (distant) away.
9.Only in this way can we enjoy the pleasure and ________(convenient) of the shared bikes.
10.You might also design an adventure challenge to train young_________(volunteer).
11.Since retiring from the company, she has done ________ (volunteer) work for a charity.
12.The museum is _____ (definite) worth visiting.
13.The girl pretended ________ (revise) her lessons when her mother came in.
14.________(enjoy) the convenience of digital payment, many seniors start to learn to use smart phones.
15.Nowadays, teens become easily ________(addict) to mobile games, which has gotten a lot of attention.
16.China welcomes players from Asia to attend the19th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 and will ________(definite) achieve success.
17.To begin with, we just need to take our books to a fixed place, which is very ________(convenience) for the participants.
18.Jim is always________ (chat) with his friends online, which his mother is worried about.
19.It is ________ (convenience) for you to take a plane because there is a regular bus to the airport.
20.Regardless of the weather or the ________(distant), Paul Wilson will make sure low income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
21.A variety of books ________ (be) on the desk.
22.The variety of his books ________ (be) astonishing.
23.The prices of some vegetables vary ________ the season.
24.The salary will be fixed according ________ qualifications and experience.
25.We tend ________ (like) those similar to us.
26.The drug is effective but it has a ________ (tend) to cause headaches.
27.________ the distance is a tall tree which is said to have a history of over 500 years.
28.Entering senior high school, I’m ________(actual) confident about my future.
29.Some young people volunteered ________(guide) travelers during the May Day holiday.
30.As soon as he arrives home after school, he sets out ________(revise) what he has learnt in class.
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
31.________ (以前的) to this, scientific experiments did not show a definite link between mobile phone use and cancer.
32.________ (质量) matters more than quantity.
33.A lot of young people and even many graduates ________ (志愿) to work in Tibet.
34.Now she is planning a practical ________ (日程表) for our trip to Xinjiang.
35.A ________ (自信的) man may turn the trivial (不重要的) into the great and the mean into the magic.
36.That ball was ________ (肯定;确实) in! It was nowhere near the line!
37.Modern computers can be applied to a wide_____________(范围) of tasks.
38.At the same time, we all go through _________(各种各样的)periods when we feel sad or alone.
39.When I was 50, my weight problem began to _______(影响) me seriously.
40.If it is ________ (方便的) for you, please come to my home tonight.
三、完成句子
41.我们对购买新东西上瘾。
We ________ ________ ________ buying new things.
42.你方便的时候来看我。
Come and see me when ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
43.他的儿子沉迷于电脑游戏。
His son ________ ________ ________ computer games.
44.虽然在这个过程中出现了一些问题,但我们仍相信我们会成功。
Although some problems ________ ________ in the process, we’re confident that we can succeed.
45.“幸福”这个理念,诚然是没有简单的释义的。(be)
The idea “happiness”, ________ ________ sure, will not sit for easy definition.
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After weeks of growing anxiety and with her midterm exams coming near, Liang Zhaohui decided on an 46 (origin) way to reduce her stress. One night earlier this month, Liang, a third-year finance major at the University of International Business and Economics (UIBE) in Beijing, 47 (gather) some friends in her dormitory and began making a dog companion (陪伴) out of cardboard boxes.
Over five hours, Liang and her roommates 48 followed instructions on social media have created a dog with sunglasses. The dog sat 49 (faithful) outside Liang’s room. “Before, you can say I am very 50 (depress). Because my midterm exams were around the corner, I had lots of 51 (deadline),” Liang said. “As we finish the dog, we all feel proud. Now every day I’m happy to see the dog at the door,” she added.
Making cardboard dogs has become 52 trend (趋势) among stressed students on Chinese university campuses. Some posts showed whole corridors (走廊) in dorm buildings with cardboard dogs of various “breeds” 53 (sit) outside every door. Liang posted her own creation on the platform and received 6,000 likes.
“ 54 general, it can enrich college students’ after-school life and increase social activities through a series of activities such as independent design and handicraft production. And this is a novel way for them 55 (exercise) their imagination to free stress,” Lu Lin, an academic at the Chinese Academy of Sciences told a local newspaper.
参考答案:
1. chat, chatted, chatted, chatting 2. volunteer, voluntary 3. definite, definitely 4. teen, teenager 5. various, variety, vary 6. necessary, necessarily, necessity 7. convenient, convenience, conveniently 8. inconvenient, inconvenience, inconveniently 9. addict, addict, addiction, addictive 10. medium, media 11. revise, revision 12. actual, actually 13. aim, aimless 14. distance, distant 15. say, saying 16. favour, favourite
1.distance
【详解】考查名词。句意:北极熊和所有野生动物一样,拍摄时应该保持安全距离。结合不定冠词a,用名词单数distance作宾语。故填distance。
2.to catch 
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:我未能赶上早班车,因此上班迟到了。fail to do sth.未能做到某事,符合句意。故填to catch。
3.actually
【详解】考查副词。句意:作为一名老师,我真的知道我的学生在遇到挑战时真正需要什么。空处修饰动词need,应用副词形式,故填actually。
4.various
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这位艺术家从不同的角度描绘了这一场景。空处应填形容词作定语,修饰名词viewpoints,various“各种各样的”,形容词,故填various。
5.to solve
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你解决这个问题的最好方法是什么?the way for sb. to do sth.“某人做某事的方法”,不定式复合结构作后置定语。故填to solve。
6.volunteering
【详解】考查动名词。句意:我妹妹喜欢在业余时间做志愿者。be fond of doing sth.喜欢做某事。根据句意,故填volunteering。
7.about
【详解】考查介词。句意:我们聊了很久关于我们在学校的日子。分析句子可知,此处为固定短语a chat about“有关……的聊天”,满足句意要求,所以此处为介词about的填入。故填about。
8.distance
【详解】考查名词。句意:我们的父母住得很远。分析句子可知,设空处应填名词作宾语,some distance意思为“一些距离”,是名词。故填distance。
9.convenience
【详解】考查名词。句意:只有这样,我们才能享受共享单车的乐趣和方便。根据空前“we enjoy the pleasure and ”可知,此处用名词convenience,与pleasure并列,同为动词enjoy的宾语,故填convenience。
10.volunteers
【详解】考查名词。句意:你也可以设计一个冒险挑战来训练年轻志愿者。空处应填名词作宾语,volunteer“志愿者”是可数名词,此处用复数形式表泛指。故填volunteers。
11.voluntary
【详解】考查形容词。句意:从公司退休后,她为一家慈善机构做了志愿工作。修饰名词work应用所给词的形容词形式,voluntary“志愿的”符合题意。故填voluntary。
12.definitely
【详解】考查副词。句意:这个博物馆肯定值得参观。空处修饰形容词worth,应用副词形式,definitely绝对,肯定,副词,故填definitely。
13.to be revising
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当她妈妈进来的时候,这个女孩假装在复习功课。pretend to do sth.“假装做某事”是固定短语,结合语境可知,此处指妈妈进来时“复习”功课这个动作正在发生,故用不定式的进行时作宾语。故填to be revising。
14.To enjoy
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了享受数字支付的便利,许多老年人开始学习使用智能手机。由句意可知,空处作目的状语,enjoy应用动词不定式,首字母大写。故填To enjoy。
15.addicted
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:现在,青少年很容易沉迷于手机游戏,这已经引起了很多关注。根据谓语动词“become”可知,空处应为非谓语动词;固定短语be/become/get addicted to...意为:沉迷于……,对……上瘾,符合句意,故应用过去分词形式,作表语。故填addicted。
16.definitely
【详解】考查副词。句意:中国欢迎来自亚洲的运动员参加2022年杭州第19届亚运会,并一定会取得成功。分析句子可知,空处应为副词,作状语修饰动词“achieve”。故填definitely。
17.convenient 
【详解】考查形容词。句意:首先,我们只需要把我们的书带到一个固定的地方,这对参与者来说非常方便的。此处be convenient for...意为“对……是方便的”,用形容词作表语。故填convenient。
18.chatting
【详解】考查时态。句意:吉姆总是在网上和朋友聊天,这让他妈妈很担心。结合语境可知,此处为always和进行时连用表示埋怨或不满。故填chatting。
19.convenient
【详解】考查形容词。句意:乘飞机对你来说很方便,因为有直达机场的公共汽车。空处应填形容词作表语,convenient方便的,形容词。故填convenient。
20.distance
【详解】考查名词。句意:无论天气如何,无论距离多远,保罗·威尔逊都会确保他所在社区的低收入家庭学生准时到校上课。此处应用名词distance作宾语,表示“(空间的)”遥远,为不可数名词,故填distance。
21.are
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:很多书在桌子上。结合语境可知,此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语books为复数,谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are。
22.is
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:书的多样性令人震惊。分析句子可知,这个句子的主语是单数名词The variety ,又由于原句陈述现在的一种事实,用一般现在时。故填is。
23.with
【详解】考查介词。句意:有些蔬菜的价格随季节而变化。表示“随着”用介词with ,vary with…“随……而变化”,故填with。
24.to
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:工资将根据资历和经验而定。“根据,按照”是固定短语according to,故填to。
25.to like
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:我们倾向于喜欢和我们相似的人。固定短语:tend to do sth.,意为“往往会……、倾向于做……”,所以此处用动词不定式形式。故填to like。
26.tendency
【详解】考查名词的数。句意:这种药很有效,但有引起头痛的倾向。结合不定冠词a可知,用单数名词tendency,have a tendency to do sth.“有做某事的倾向”为固定搭配。故填tendency。
27.In
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:在远处有一棵大树,据说它已有500多年的历史了。in the distance在远处,介词短语位于句首句子使用了完全倒装。in放在句首,首字母大写。故填In。
28.actually
【详解】考查副词。句意:进入高中,我实际上对自己的未来充满信心。修饰形容词confident应用副词actually,作状语。故填actually。
29.to guide
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:五一假期期间,一些年轻人自愿当起了导游。volunteer to do sth.“自愿做某事”,故填to guide。
30.to revise
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:他放学一到家就开始复习他在课堂上所学的知识。set out to do sth.“着手做某事,开始做某事”为固定用法,故填to revise。
31.Previous
【详解】考查形容词。句意:在此之前,科学实验并没有显示使用手机和癌症之间存在明确的联系。结合介词“to”和所给的汉语“以前的”,考虑使用短语previous to,意为“在…以前”,符合题意,放在句首,首字母大写。故填Previous。
32.Quality
【详解】考查名。句意:质量比数量重要。根据汉语提示可知,空处填名词quality做主语,不可数名词。置于句首,首字母大写。故填Quality。
33.volunteer
【详解】考查动词及时态。句意:很多年轻人,甚至很多毕业生志愿)去西藏工作。句子陈述事实,所以时态用一般现在时。根据所给汉语“志愿”,用动词volunteer 。主语“A lot of young people and even many graduates” 是复数名词,动词用原形即可 。故填volunteer。
34.schedule
【详解】考查名词。句意:现在她正在为我们的新疆之行计划一个切实可行的日程表。根据汉语提示及设空前a practical可知,此处要用单数名词。schedule“日程表;时间表”为可数名词,符合题意。故填schedule。
35.confident
【详解】考查形容词。句意:一个自信的人可能将不重要的变为伟大的,将吝啬的变为神奇的。分析可知,空格处作定语修饰man,要用形容词。故填confident。
36.definitely
【详解】考查副词。句意:那球绝对进了!它绝对不接近那条线!设空处修饰in,应用副词作状语,根据汉语提示,故填definitely。
37.range
【详解】考查名词。句意:现代计算机可以应用于各种各样的任务。根据汉语提示可知此处为固定短语a wide range of大范围的……,故填range。
38.various
【详解】考查形容词。句意:与此同时,我们都会经历不同的时期,当我们感到悲伤或孤独。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词various,作定语修饰名词periods。故填various。
39.affect/influence
【详解】考查动词。句意:当我50岁的时候,我的体重问题开始严重影响我。根据汉语提示可知应用动词affect/influence,此处为短语begin to do sth.,不定式作宾语。故填affect/influence。
40.convenient
【详解】考查形容词。句意:如果你方便的话,今晚请到我家来。分析句子结构可知,空前是系动词,所以空处应填形容词作表语,根据所给中文提示词应是convenient意为“方便的”。故填convenient。
41. addict ourselves to
【详解】考查时态和固定短语。根据句意可知,句子陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,空格处涉及固定短语“addict oneself to doing sth.”,意为“沉迷于做某事”,句子主语为“We”,故“addict”用原形,“oneself”转换为“ourselves”。故填addict ourselves to。
42. it is convenient for you
【详解】考查固定句型。It is convenient for sb. 某人方便……。故答案为it is convenient for you.
43. is addicted to
【详解】考查时态和固定短语。根据句意可知,句子陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,空格处涉及固定短语“be addicted to (doing) sth.”,意为“沉迷于(做)某事”,句子主语为“His son”,为可数名词单数形式,与“is”连用。故填is addicted to。
44. have arisen
【详解】考查动词和时态。根据中英文提示,“出现”可表达为arise,不及物动词,作从句谓语动词,结合语境可知,此处表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响,应用现在完成时;主语problems是复数,助动词用have。故填have;arisen。
45. to be
【详解】考查非谓语动词。to be sure的确; 诚然; 当然; 毫无疑问。此处不定式做插入语。根据句意,故填to be。
46.original 47.gathered 48.who/that 49.faithfully 50.depressed 51.deadlines 52.a 53.sitting 54.In 55.to exercise
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文,讲述了大学生梁朝慧(音译)通过和室友制作纸板狗来减轻学业压力。
46.考查形容词。句意:经过数周的焦虑,随着期中考试的临近,梁朝慧决定用一种有创意的方式来减轻压力。分析句子可知,空处缺少形容词作定语修饰way,origin对应的形容词为original“新颖的”。故填original。
47.考查动词时态。句意:本月早些时候的一个晚上,就读于北京对外经济贸易大学金融专业三年级的梁朝慧召集了一些朋友在宿舍里,开始用纸板箱做一个狗伴侣。分析句子可知,空处缺少动词作谓语,根据began可知,句子为一般过去时,空处用过去式gathered。故填gathered。
48.考查定语从句。句意:在五个多小时的时间里,梁朝慧和她的室友按照社交媒体上的说明制作了一只戴太阳镜的狗。分析句子可知,空处缺少关系词引导限制性定语从句,先行词Liang and her roommates为人,作从句followed instructions on social media的主语,用who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that。
49.考查副词。句意:狗忠实地坐在梁的房间外面。分析句子可知,空处修饰动词,用副词作状语,faithful对应的副词为faithfully。故填faithfully。
50.考查形容词。句意:“以前,你可以说我很沮丧。因为我的期中考试即将到来,我有很多事情都到截止日期了,”梁朝慧说。分析句子可知,空处缺少形容词作表语,主语为I,表示人物的感受,用depressed“沮丧的”。故填depressed。
51.考查名词。句意同上。deadline为可数名词,此处用lots of修饰,用名词复数deadlines。故填deadlines。
52.考查冠词。句意:在压力大的中国大学校园里,制作纸板狗已经成为一种趋势。分析句子可知,句意表示“一种趋势”,为泛指,trend以辅音音素开始发音,不定冠词用a。故填a。
53.考查非谓语动词。句意:一些帖子显示,宿舍楼的整个走廊里,每扇门外都坐着各种“品种”的纸板狗。分析句子可知,此处是with复合结构,宾语cardboard dogs与sit构成逻辑上的主动关系,用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填sitting。
54.考查介词。句意:“总的来说,通过自主设计、手工制作等一系列活动,可以丰富大学生的课余生活,增加社会活动。对他们来说,这是一种锻炼想象力、释放压力的新方式,”中国科学院院士陆林在接受当地一家报纸采访时表示。in general“总的来说”,为固定短语,单词位于句首,首字母大写。故填In。
55.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知,way后用不定式作后置定语修饰。故填to exercise。

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