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9AU1
Task
【知识梳理1】He is not afraid of making a speech in front of many people.(18)
他不害怕在许多人面前演讲。
1.afraid 形容词，意为“害怕的；恐怕；担心的”。
(1)be afraid of 害怕；担忧 of是介词，后面加名词短语/doing/代词（宾格）
He was afraid of hurting my feelings. 他害怕伤我的感情。
(2)be afraid to do sth.害怕做；不敢做
She was afraid to open the door. 她不敢开门。
(3)be afraid (that) 担心；恐怕
I'm afraid that it's not finished yet. 此事恐怕还没有完。
[经典例题]
(1)He always studies hard and is afraid of _________.
A. making a speech B. taking the lead C. falling behind D. giving up
(2)The boy is ________ see the teacher because he ________ a mistake
A．afraid of; has B．afraid to; has made C. afraid to; make D．afraid of; made
(3)The children were afraid of ___________ (dark).They screamed and cried in the dark hole.
答案：CB darkness
2.speech可数名词，意为“演说，讲话，发言”，其复数形式为speeches。
make /give a speech发表演讲/演说
I'm always nervous when I make a speech. 在发言时我总是感到紧张。
[经典例题]
(1)尽管他的演讲持续了一个半小时，但我们没有觉得无聊。
_______________________________________________________________________________
(2)她是如此害羞,以至于不能当着许多人的面演讲。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：(1)Although his speech lasted for one and a half hours, we didn’t feel bored.
(2)She is so shy that she is afraid of making/ to make a speech in front of many people.
[经典例题]
To make a speech tomorrow, Tony has _____________ the speech word by word many times.
A. gone over B. looked at C. thought of D. gone after
答案：A
[经典例题]
Giving good ___________ (speech)is based on your words and your body language.
答案：speeches
【知识梳理2】He spends a lot of time helping with our class projects.(18)
他花费大量的时间帮助我们的班级计划。
spend，及物动词，意为“花费(时间/金钱)"。
spend some time/ money (in) doing sth 意为“花费时间/金钱做某事”。
[辨析]spend，take，cost，pay
(1)spend的主语通常是人，常用于
sb spend some money/time on sth或sb spend some money/time (in) doing sth结构中。
I spend too much time watching television. 我看电视花的时间太多。
(2)take主要用于指花费时间，常用于It takes sb some time to do sth句型中,其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。
It takes me an hour to walk there and back. 我步行往返要花一个小时。
(3)cost的主语只能是事物，不能是人，常用于sth cost (sb) some money结构中。
Tickets cost ten dollars each. 每张票价为十元。
(4)pay主要指花费金钱，主语是人，通常用于sb pay some money for sth结构中。
例：He paid his bill for the newspapers. 他付了报纸的帐单。
[经典例题]
(1)Mr. Gu is a good teacher. He spends as much time as he can ___________________.
A. explain problems to us B. explaining problems for us
C. explain problems for us D. explaining problems to us
答案：D
[经典例题]
Many people prefer s___________ their money on a haircut to on their teeth.
答案：spending
【知识梳理3】David is confident. He thinks he can do anything if he tries his best.(18)
David很自信。他认为如果他尽力，他能做任何事。
1.confident 形容词，意为“自信的；确信的"。
The teacher wants the children to feel confident about asking questions when they don't understand. 教师要孩子们遇到不懂的问题就大胆提问。
[拓展]confidence，名词，意为“信心；信任；秘密"。
She has every confidence in her students' abilities. 她完全相信她学生的能力。
[经典例题]
(1)We all know that we’ll meet all kinds of difficulties in our lives in the future.
We should learn to be ________ any challenge!
A. confident enough to take on B. active enough to take up
C. enough careful to try on D. enough patient to try out
(2)— Lucy, thank you for advising me to wear red clothes yesterday. I passed the interview!
— _____ In fact, red can give you power and help you gain confidence.
A. That’s right. B. With pleasure.
C. Don’t mention it. D. Red is my favourite colour.
答案：AC
2.try one's best意为“尽力，尽某人最大努力”，相当于do one's best；try/do one's best to do sth意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。
However difficult it might be, I will try my best to work it out.
不管有多困难，我都会尽力解决。
[拓展]含try的短语
try on 试穿
[经典例题]
(1)Scientists are trying their best to ______ ways to treat the terrible disease
A.come up with B. look forward to C. talk about D. give up
(2)We may meet all kinds of difficulties in the future, but we should be confident enough
to__________any challenge.
A. put on B. get on C. take on D. try on
(3)-Why didn't you try your best to get on the underground
-I tried to, but it started moving __________I could get on it.
A. before B. while C. as soon as D. after
(4)30.—Mom, I will try my best to study in an ideal senior high school. Trust me.
—If you make a__________, you must keep it.
A.mistake B. joke C. plan D. promise
答案：ACAD
[经典例题]
We will try our best w__________ we are successful or not．
答案：whether
【知识梳理4】hard-working (18)
形容词，意为“勤勉的；勤奋的；勤劳的"。
I remember her as a quiet, hard-working and well-spoken girl.
我记得她是个安静、勤奋且谈吐优雅的女孩子。
[拓展]work hard 努力工作 work是动词，hard是副词，副词修饰动词放动词后面
hard work 繁重的工作 hard是形容词，work是名词，形容词修饰名词放名词前面
Play while you play, and work hard while you work.
玩的时候就尽情地玩，工作的时候就努力工作。
Hard work is the name of the game if you want to succeed in business.
要想生意兴旺，勤奋工作是关键。
He never forgets the things he needs to do.(18)
他从不忘记他需要做的事情。
[拓展]复合形容词
(1）形容词（副词）+现在分词
good-looking(长相好看的) ugly-looking(长相丑陋的) easy-looking (长相随和的)
tired-looking(面容疲劳的) ever-lasting(永恒的)
Cassandra noticed him because he was good-looking. 卡桑德拉注意到他是因为他长得好看。
I'm tired of your everlasting complaints. 我讨厌你没完没了的抱怨。
(2)形容词/副词+过去分词
new-born (新生的) so-called(所谓的) hard-won (来之不易的) well-dressed(衣着好的)
ready-made(现存的) newly-built (新建的) recently-built (刚建的)
She was not going to give up her hard-won freedom so easily.
她不会这么轻易地放弃得来不易的自由。
It took him two hours to get to the newly-built museum by bike.
他骑车花了两个小时才到达那个新建的博物馆。
[经典例题]
All the students hope to __________in their study, but it needs _________.
A.take the lead, hard-working B.fall behind, work hard
C.fall behind, working hard D.take the lead, hard work
答案:D
【知识梳理5】He never forgets the things he needs to do.(18)
他从不忘记他需要做的事情。
1.forget 动词，意为“忘记”
(1)forget sb./sth.忘记某人某物
I never forget a face. 见过的面孔我从不忘记。
(2)forget to do sth.忘记去做某事
I forgot to ask him for his address. 我忘记向他要地址。
（3）forget doing sth.忘记做过某事
I'll never forget hearing this piece of music for the first time.
我永远不会忘记第一次听到这首曲子的情景。
[拓展]forget it
(1)不要在意
使用语境： 假如你中午要出去吃饭，你的同事要你帮他稍点东西。结果你吃完饭却偏偏忘了给他买东西。当你很不好意思的时候，你的朋友说不要在意这点小事，他就可以说：
Forget it! It's okay.不要在意，没关系啦。
(2)行了，别说了
使用语境：当你正在忙着刷题或是正在忙着项目，旁边的同学或同事总是喋喋不休。你不想受打扰，此时，就可以说：
Just forget it, will you 闭上嘴行不行？
(3) 算了吧！
使用语境： 大家做了一个重要决定，但是出了结果之后却发现，如果当时选择另外一个，说不定会有更好的效果。于是开始七嘴八舌地讨论，当时怎么做就更好了，但是事情已经发生了，说什么都于事无补，此时便可以用：
Forget it! It is no use talking about that.算了，再讨论那个没什么用
[经典例题]
(1)-----I am really grateful for your help.
------__________. I am so glad that I can share some of your worries..
A. Don’t mention it. B. Why so grateful C. For what D. Forget it
(2)—The game is too hard for me. I will ctertainly lose.
—__________. You should never say no before you try.
A. Forget it! B. Come on! C. I’m sorry. D. Pardon me
答案：
(1)A试题解析：Don’t mention it: 不用谢; 不要提这件事;(考查口语交际用语)
(2)B句意：——这场比赛对我来说太难了。我一定会输的。——加油！在你尝试之前，你不应该说不。A. Forget it! 算了吧，表达不用谢，不要挂在心上；B. Come on! 加把劲，用于体育竞赛等场合鼓励队员，意为：加油；C. I’m sorry. 表示道歉，意为：对不起；很抱歉。D. Pardon me 原谅我，请再说一次；当别人说话你没听清楚时，请求对方再说一遍时，你就可以说 Pardon me？根据The game is too hard for me. 和句子You should never say no before you try.可知，这是比赛之前的鼓励的语言，因此选择Come on! 加油；用于鼓励队员。故选B。
[辨析]forget vs leave (八年级下的重要知识点)
forget:意为“忘记，遗忘”，主要强调遗忘了某件事或某件物品，其后不接表示地点的名词。
leave:指“遗忘某物在某地”，其后接地点或场所，其常用结构是：leave sth +地点，意为“把某物忘在某地”。
[经典例题]
(1)You still have some pocket money__________. Why not _____________
A. to leave; give it to him and me B. left; throw it away
C. to leave; hand them out D. left; send it to them
(2)—Sorry, Mr. Green. I _____ my English book at home.
—That’s OK, but don’t forget next time.
A. forgot B. forget C. left D. kept
(3)This morning I went to work in such a hurry that _____ the key to my office at home. (青岛市中考英语)
A. forgot B. left C. missed D. lost
答案：DCB
2.need
(1)need用作情态动词表必要性，多用于疑问句、否定句或否定意味的疑问句中。
用need提问时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t.
You needn’t do it.你不需要做那件事。
—Need I do my homework now 我有必要现在就交作业吗？
—Yes, you must./No, you needn’t.是的，你必须交。/不，你不必。
(2)need用作实义动词时，它有动词的全部形式，即现在时单数第三人称needs，现在分词needing 以及过去式和过去分词needed，后跟带to 的不定式或 ing 形式，可用于任何句式。
The floor needs sweeping.＝The floor needs to be swept. 这地需要打扫了。
(3)用must提问时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t/don’t have to
[经典例题]
(1)—Must I finish the work before five o' clock
—No, you __________.
A. needn't B. mustn't C. have to
(2)As you worked late yesterday, you__________ have come this morning.
A. mayn't B. can't C. mustn't D. needn't
(3)Your room is full of dust. It__________.
A. need clean B. need cleaning
C. need to be cleaned D. needs to be cleaned
答案：ADD
【知识梳理6】He has won several science competitions.(18)
他赢得过几次科学竞赛。
win意为“获胜，赢”，既可做及物动词，也可做不及物动词。
She loves to win an argument. 她喜欢在辩论中获胜。
France won by six goals to two against Denmark. 法国队以六比二战胜丹麦队。
【知识梳理7】He will help us with our lessons if we are absent from school.(P18)
如果我们缺课，他将帮我们实习功课。
1.此句中if引导的是时间状语从句，意为“如果”，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。
I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。
[经典例题]
(1)—Daddy, when will we go out to fly a kite
—As soon as the rain ________.
A. is stopping B. stopped C. will stop D. stops
(2)（2020年贵州黔东南州）—Would you like to go hiking if it ________ fine this Saturday
—I'd love to. But nobody knows if it________.
A. is; will rain B. is; rains C. will be; will rain D. will be; rains
(3)— Jenny, do you know if your mother _______ back tomorrow
— Sorry, I don’t know. As soon as she _________ home, I will tell her to call you.
A. comes; gets B. will come; gets to
C. will come; will get D. will come; gets
(4)（2020年黑龙江绥化）We can't leave here until our teacher __________.
A. will arrive B. arrives C arrived
(5)（2020年四川遂宁） --- I wonder if Sally________ us prepare for the party.
---I’m sure she will if she________ time.
A. helps, will have B. will help, has C. will help, will have D. helps, has
答案：DADBB
2.absent,形容词，意为“缺席的”。常用结构be absent from，意为“不在……（地方）”
The pictures, too, were absent from the walls. 那些照片也不在那些墙上了。
[拓展]absent, 形容词，意为“心不在焉的；出神的”。
an absent expression 心不在焉的神情
[拓展]absence, 名词，意为“没有；缺乏；缺席；不注意”。
She did not mention her mother's absence. 她没有提到她母亲的缺席。
【知识梳理8】We are writing to recommend David as our new monitor.(P19)
我们写信推荐大卫作为我们的新班长。
recommend sb. as... 意为“推荐某人为……”
I can recommend him as an extremely good accountant. 我推荐他一定能当个极好的会计。
[拓展]recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物
recommend doing sth.建议做某事
recommend +(that)... 建议……（从句谓语动词用should do,should 可以省略）
I recommend the book to all my students. 我向我所有的学生都推荐这本书。
He recommended reading the book before seeing the movie.
他建议先看这本书，再去看这部电影。
It is strongly recommended that the machines should be checked every year.
建议每年一定把机器检修一次。
[经典例题]
How can _____ man like him be recommended as _____ head of our hospital
A. the, / B. a, a C. the, the D. a,/
答案：D
[经典例题]
我写这封信推荐Tom作为学生会的新主席。
答案：I’m writing to recommend Tom as the new chairperson of the Students’ Union.

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