资源简介

XCS2022—2023 学年第二学期期末教学质量检测
高二英语
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man looking for
A. Vegetables B. Orange juice. C. An employee
2. What is Pat wearing
A. A white hat B. A white shirt C. A brown shirt
3. What did the man borrow from the woman
A. Her iPhone B. Her iPod C. Her gym bag
4. Who will the man call
A. His wife. B. His boss C. A taxi.
5. What happened to the woman
A. She was late for school
B. She got lost while driving
C. She couldn’t find a parking spot.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选 项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman say about puppies
A. They are free B. They need shots C. They eat vegetables
7. What does the boy offer to do
A. Build a house for the puppy
B. Take good care of the puppy.
C. Give the puppy some of his food.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the man want the door oiled
A. It’s very old. B. It’s hard to open. C. It makes too much noisc.
9. When does the woman usually come home
A. Late at night. B. In the middle of the day. C. Early in the morning.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man expect for the year
A. It’ll be fun. B. It’ll be difficult. C. It’ll be casy.
11. What does the man plan to do
A. Major in English. B. Volunteer at the zoo. C. Attend medical school.
12. How often will the woman be volunteering
A. Every day. B. Every weekend. C. Three days a weck.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Who did the woman just meet
A. A psychologist. B. Her doctor. C. One of her friends.
14. What might be the cause of the woman’s sleeping problems
A. Anxiety. B. Too much work. C. The pills she takes.
15. What does the man suggest A. Exercising outdoors.
B. Talking more often to others.
C. Not using the computer for a while.
16. When does the man usually fall asleep
A. At 8:00 p.m. B. At 9:00 p.m. C. At 10:00 p.m.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17 When did the storm start
A. This morning. B. This afternoon, C. Last night.
18.Who has been rescued by boat
A. People living in low areas.
B. People living near the hills.
C. People living near the ocean.
19. How many people are without power
A. Thousands. B. Hundreds. C. Several.
20.What does the Weather Service suggest people do
A. Not leave their homes.
B. Turn off their electricity.
C. Drive carefully through water.
第 二 部 分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
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1. What is a must for your taking the course
A. A peaceful room. B. Access to the Internet.
C An advanced computer. D. Basic knowledge of programming language.
2. What can we learn about the course
A. It prepares students for university exams.
B. It provides downloadable resources.
C. It involves face-to-face activities.
D. It focuses on foreign languages.
3. Where is the text most probably taken from
A. A report. B. A newspaper.
C. A poster. D. A webpage.
B
It was December 2018. I was finishing up my Ph.D. in the United Kingdom and a professor I admired invited me to interview for a position in his lab in Japan. The interview went well. I was sure everything would go well in 2019.
Then, in April, my mother told me about some strange symptoms(症状) she was experiencing. “Have you submitted your thesis(毕业论文) yet ” she asked me. “Almost, Mom,” I said. She seemed to be holding back. But I was focused on finishing my experiments, so I brushed away my concern.
A week later, the doctors had an update: It was lung cancer. During the next 2 months I was torn between my research and my family as I prepared for my defense, scheduled for mid-July. My Ph.D. supervisor (导师) encouraged me to take all the time I needed to be with my mom, but my expectations for myself always pulled me back to the lab. In the meantime, cancer had spread throughout my mother's body.
Yet my scientific commitments still held me. I was set to attend a conference in New Zealand in early July. But on my way to the airport, I got the news that my mother had 1 or 2 years left. So I flew back to Madrid instead. I postponed my Ph.D. defense. Meanwhile — in just 3 weeks — the rest of my mother’s life was changed to 1 year, then months, weeks, days. Cancer beat my mother at the end of July.
I am always sorry for losing precious time with my mother. I had never slowed down before, knowing what it takes to secure an academic position. Losing my mother put things into perspective for me. I saw the humane side of science in the understanding and flexibility offered by my Ph.D. supervisor.
And the work I missed felt insignificant. I defended my thesis in September and moved to Tokyo later. I know that many people’s 2021 may feel like my 2019, with struggles and losses competing with career goals. Please, take my advice: If your loved ones need you now, be there for them. Science will be waiting when you return.
4. What does the underlined word “concern” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. The problem in the author’s research. B. The schedule of the author’s thesis.
C. The health of the author’s mother. D. The result of the interview.
5. What did the author do in early July 2019
A. She attended a conference in New Zealand. B. She had an interview in Japan.
C. She submitted her thesis. D. She returned to Madrid.
6. Which of the following best describes the author’s Ph.D. supervisor
A. Curious. B. Caring. C. Ambitious. D. Demanding.
7. What does the author want to tell us through her experience
A. A strong-willed soul can reach his goal.
B. Give priority to your loved ones.
C. Don’t dream away your time.
D. Better late than never.
C
Moving a step closer to a world that depends lesson fossil fuels, Swedish manufacturer, Volvo has exhibited a load carrier made out of fossil-free steel. The vehicle operates autonomously and can follow a predefined pa that a jobsite. Its electric motor ensures that the operations do not generate any emissions.
According to a report, every ton of steel produced generates an average of 1.85 tons of carbon dioxide. Steel production accounts for eight percent of annual carbon emissions in the world and decarbonizing (脱碳) the production is a major challenge for countries promising zero emissions by 2050.
“Having the world’s first actual vehicle made using SSAB’s fossil-free steel is a true milestone (里程碑),” said Martin Lindqvist from steel company SSAB. “Our cooperation with Volvo Group shows that green transition is possible and brings results.” The technology replaces the fossil fuels used in steelmaking with fossil-free electricity and hydrogen (氢).
However, the electric motor on the carrier is not entirely made from fossil-free steel, therefore the company cannot claim to have made a completely emission-free vehicle. To answer the claims, Volvo Chief Technical Officer, Lars Stenqvist said that three tons of green steel were used to make the load carrier while the vehicle’s weight is over eight tons. However, the total weight also includes heavier parts like massive tires (轮胎) with high load-bearing capacities.
“This initiative with SSAB sets the standard for a fossil-free future,” said Martin Lundstedt from Volvo Group. “Just as the nations of the world get together to address climate change, so too must organizations and industries work cooperatively to develop innovative new solutions for a greenhouse gas emission free future.”
8. What can we learn about the load carrier
A. It can drive itself. B. Its tires weigh more than five tons.
C. Its electric motor is free of fossil fuels. D. It is intended to transport steel at a jobsite.
9. Why is the report in paragraph 2 mentioned
A. To advocate a low-carbon lifestyle.
B. To criticize the less-developed steel production.
C. To highlight the threat caused by carbon emissions.
D. To stress the necessity of the use of fossil-free steel.
10. What does Martin Lindqvist think of the load carrier
A. It is a major breakthrough. B. It appeals to the public interest.
C. It has promoted the advance of technology. D. It has strengthened the two companies’ friendship.
11. What does Martin Lundstedt want to tell us in the last paragraph
A. More green vehicles are to be made. B. The load carrier is far from satisfactory.
C. Cooperation is the key to a green future. D. SSAB takes the lead in steel production.
D
In the pre-COVID-19 era, children’s personalised books used to be a niche market (小众市 场). Far from their early version that merely had the child’s name stuck on the book cover today’s personalised books feature entire families — including pets. Instead of meeting unknowr characters and new story worlds, the readers meet themselves. With the persuasive power of personalisation, publishers find their way into children’s inner worlds quicker than with non- personalised books
Well-designed personalised books can enhance children’s vocabulary learning. However, it’s also been found that in their talk about the story of a personalised book, they talk about “me, me, me”. Part of this self-centredness is natural at a young age, but part of it is caused by the personalised character of the book. In a recent study, personalised books, as opposed to thei non-personalised versions, do not help children understand the moral of a story or apply it to thei own lives
In most popular personalised books, children are pictured as the heroes and stars of their own stories. What is certain is that in addition to personalised hero books, we need personalised books where the child is a minor character or a character who experiences depression. The problem is that such books are unlikely to be popular and are therefore unlikely to be written. We are thus heading towards a situation where children see themselves in a positive light in their own personalised books and where they see others as failures in non-personalised books. It introduces children to a culture of“me vs you” where shared humanity is replaced by a false narrative of “I am the best!”
The most powerful children’s books are those that hit the sweet spot of personalisation and diversity. Such books teach children out-group empathy (同感) that occurs with story characters whose,experiences are different from their own. Authors can convey such out-group empathy by constructing strong plots that immerse (使沉浸) children in the story, but also challenge them to think beyond their comfort zone. The current personalised books take us from this ideal. They represent an economic interest in individualisation, and might ill prepare young minds for an uncertain future.
12. What makes current children’s personalised books different from their earlier versions
A. Children can see their own name on the cover.
B. More family members are included in the books.
C. More new story worlds are introduced to children.
D. Publishers give up supplying them to the niche market.
13. What happens when children talk about a personalised book
A. They tend to focus on themselves.
B. They relate it to their own lives.
C. They can understand its morals better.
D. They tend to use new words they’ve learnt.
14. What is the problem of most popular personalised books
A. They fail to show common humanity.
B. They are characterised by happy endings.
C. They make children give in to defeat easily.
D. They fail to impress children with depression.
15. What does the author want to stress in the last paragraph
A The reasons for reading personalised books.
B. The reasons for standardising the publishing market.
C. The necessity of raising the quality of children’s books.
D. The necessity of developing empathy among young readers.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wanting to be more responsible is admirable. Being responsible can seem hard at first, but if you keep at it, it will become second nature to you! Below are some tips on how to become responsible.
Place others’ needs before your own. When you have a family, friends, or pets, being responsible may mean placing their needs above your own. That doesn’t mean you don’t take care of yourself. ____16____ .
Learn to think about other people’s thoughts and feelings. Empathy is feeling what other people feel. When you say something or do something, think about how it will make the other person feel. If you’re not sure, consider how it would make you feel. ____17____.
Make a schedule to plan your time. Whether you have a daily planner or use a phone app, a schedule helps you stay on top of your responsibilities. It reminds you of what you need to be doing. ____18____. Write out the appointments you have, the places you go every day, and the chores you need to get done each day.
____19____. One aspect of being responsible is not putting off your tasks until after you’ve had fun. Start by doing what you need to get done first, and then you can relax and have fun afterward.
Keep your long-term commitments. When something is fun and new, it’s easy to be committed to it.
____20____. Whether it’s being in a club, taking a leadership role in a community organization, or volunteering, you have to be in it for the long term.
A. Your personal feelings aren’t an issue.
B. Take care of your tasks before having fun.
C. Pick a few goals that you want to achieve.
D. In addition, it shows you where you’ re spending your time.
E. However, it becomes a little more difficult when the novelty wears off.
F. If it would make you feel bad, reconsider what you were thinking about doing or saying.
G. It does mean you may need to take care of yourself later if someone you love has a need now.
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“For the final exam, instead of a written test, everyone will be required to give a ten-minute presentation on one of the science topics we covered this year,”Mr. Marx announced.
Angela ____21____. When Mr. Marx passed around a sign-up sheet Angela chose the topic of tadpoles, but also made sure she picked the very ____22____ time slot (时间空档) for presentation days. She wanted to put as much distance as possible between now and the moment she would have to speak ____23____ the class.
Angela began having ____24____ in sleeping at night. She dreamed of ____25____ the final exam because she froze and ____26____ her speech. Every classmate’s ____27____ meant she was one step closer to having to present herself.
When the day. ____28____,Angela couldn’t eat breakfast; and she had to ____29____ math before science. She couldn’t ____30____ at all. Her heart pounded as Mr. Marx ____31____ her name. She gathered her notecards with shaking hands and ____32____ walked to the front of the room.
“Tadpoles,” she began, “are frogs or toads at the beginning of their life cycle.” The first
sentence ____33____.Then, something happened that she did not ____34____ at all. She relaxed. Once she began, the words ____35____ smoothly. She could see Mr. Marx start to smile and nod ____36____
After weeks of ____37____ this moment, she couldn’t believe how quickly the presentation passed.
“So,” she said ____38____,“does anyone have any questions ____39____,after her presentation about tadpoles ”
“ ____40____ to do something can be worse than actually doing it,” Angela thought.
21. A. faced the music B. turned a deaf ear C. had green fingers D. got butterflies
22. A. rare B. last C. reliable D. practical
23. A. in honor of B. in front of C. in place of D. in favor of
24. A. experience B. success C. difficulty D. interest
25. A. failing B. taking C. preparing for D. cheating in
26. A. missed B. forgot C. changed D. delivered
27. A. expression B. introduction C. invitation D. presentation
28. A. arrived B. passed C. continued D. cooled
29. A. pick up B. get through C. talk through D. hold up
30. A. remember B. speak C. concentrate D. imagine
31. A. called B. noticed C. found D. declared
32. A. briefly B. directly C. angrily D. slowly
33. A. let out B. gave out C. came out D. set out
34. A. expect B. promise C. realize D. understand
35. A. spelt B. flowed C. struck D. rang
36. A. violently B. respectfully C. encouragingly D. thoughtfully
37. A. fearing B. desiring C. doubting D. ignoring
38. A. normally B. brightly C. gradually D. peacefully
39. A. ended B. began C. disappeared D. followed
40. A. Refusing B. Waiting C. Attempting D. Deciding
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。
Marine biology is the study of the ocean’s plant and animal life. Marine life gives us food, medicine and other raw materials we need. It also supports tourism and provides us with an area of recreation.
____41____ (difference)forms of life live in various areas of the ocean. Some are limited to coastal and shelf areas, while others live in the open sea.
Coral reefs ____42____ (find) in the tropical areas of the world, but they can also exist in colder water. Reefs are built by corals and other ____43____ (animal)that leave calcium on rocks. They are home to ____44____ vast variety of life forms. About half of the world’s coral reefs, however,are ____45____ danger because of global warming and a rise in sea temperatures.
Although we do not know very much about____46____ kind of life forms exist in deep ocean trenches(深海沟), marine scientists have found a certain type of jellyfish(水母) in the Mariana Trench, the world’s ____47____ (deep)ocean area. These parts of the ocean ____48____ (usual)have little or no sunlight and many organisms(生物)here have to produce light ____49____ (they).
Marine scientists also study how waves and currents affect organisms ____50____ (live)in the oceans.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Yesterday, my father and I were walking on the road when we noticed the man driving by very slowly. Suddenly, his car ran off the road into a tree. We immediate reached through the broken window and turned the engine. We tried talking to him but getting no response. Fearing he might be choking, we struggle to get him out of the car. As soon as we got him out, we laid him on his sides and he started shaking. Then, I called 120 while my father continued trying to talk to me. After the ambulance arrived, and the staff took him to hospital. My father said what proud he was of me for not be afraid to help.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 你校最近将举办一场主题为“拒绝浪费粮食”的英语演讲比赛。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1.浪费粮食的现象；
2.制止粮食浪费的做法；
3.发出呼吁。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1-5 BCBAC 6-10 BCCAB 11-15 CBBAA 16-20 CBABAXCS2022—2023 学年第二学期期末教学质量检测
高二英语
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man looking for
A. Vegetables B. Orange juice. C. An employee
2. What is Pat wearing
A. A white hat B. A white shirt C. A brown shirt
3. What did the man borrow from the woman
A. Her iPhone B. Her iPod C. Her gym bag
4. Who will the man call
A. His wife. B. His boss C. A taxi.
5. What happened to the woman
A. She was late for school
B. She got lost while driving
C. She couldn’t find a parking spot.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选 项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman say about puppies
A. They are free B. They need shots C. They eat vegetables
7. What does the boy offer to do
A. Build a house for the puppy
B. Take good care of the puppy.
C. Give the puppy some of his food.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the man want the door oiled
A. It’s very old. B. It’s hard to open. C. It makes too much noisc.
9. When does the woman usually come home
A. Late at night. B. In the middle of the day. C. Early in the morning.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man expect for the year
A. It’ll be fun. B. It’ll be difficult. C. It’ll be casy.
11. What does the man plan to do
A. Major in English. B. Volunteer at the zoo. C. Attend medical school.
12. How often will the woman be volunteering
A. Every day. B. Every weekend. C. Three days a weck.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Who did the woman just meet
A. A psychologist. B. Her doctor. C. One of her friends.
14. What might be the cause of the woman’s sleeping problems
A. Anxiety. B. Too much work. C. The pills she takes.
15. What does the man suggest A. Exercising outdoors.
B. Talking more often to others.
C. Not using the computer for a while.
16. When does the man usually fall asleep
A. At 8:00 p.m. B. At 9:00 p.m. C. At 10:00 p.m.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did the storm start
A. This morning. B. This afternoon, C. Last night.
18.Who has been rescued by boat
A. People living in low areas.
B. People living near the hills.
C. People living near the ocean.
19. How many people are without power
A. Thousands. B. Hundreds. C. Several.
20.What does the Weather Service suggest people do
A. Not leave their homes.
B. Turn off their electricity.
C. Drive carefully through water.
第 二 部 分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Free Certification Course Title：
The Ultimate Python Guide for Beginners
This Python for Beginners Course teaches you the Python language fast.
What you’ll learn:
●A fundamental understanding of the Python programming language
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Requirements:
Access to an Internet connection. Everything else we use in the course is publicly available and we’ll guide you through getting it.
Who this course is for:
●Beginner coding students who want to start learning coding with Python
●Beginner Python developers
●Computer science students
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Description:
This course has been specifically designed for beginners who have been looking to gain a hands-on learning experience with Python, teaching you concepts of programming right from the basics and Python being the simplest language for a beginner to start with.
It is the right time to start learning the in-demand Python language because of its gaining popularity in the fields of Data Science, Backend Development, Internet of Things, etc. Keep yourself equipped with the most sought-after skills!
A lot of exercise problems, programming lectures, PDF notes have been included to provide you with a great learning experience!
This course includes:
●5 hours; on-demand video
●33 downloadable articles
●Full lifetime access
●Access on mobile and TV
●Assignments
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How to subscribe (订阅) to The Ultimate Python Guide for Beginners
●Sign Up on udemy.com
●Subscribe Here (The Ultimate Python Guide for Beginners): Click Here
1. What is a must for your taking the course
A. A peaceful room. B. Access to the Internet.
C. An advanced computer. D. Basic knowledge of programming language.
2. What can we learn about the course
A. It prepares students for university exams.
B. It provides downloadable resources.
C. It involves face-to-face activities.
D. It focuses on foreign languages.
3. Where is the text most probably taken from
A A report. B. A newspaper.
C. A poster. D. A webpage.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是一个Python初学者课程的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Requirements:部分的“Access to an Internet connection.(连接Internet连接。)”可知，修这门课的必备条件是连接互联网。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据This course includes:部分的“33 downloadable articles(33篇可下载的文章)”可知，这门课程提供可下载的资源。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后的“Subscribe Here (The Ultimate Python Guide for Beginners): Click Here(在这里订阅（Python入门终极指南）：点击这里)”可知，这是一篇网上的文章，是来自于网页，故选D。
B
It was December 2018. I was finishing up my Ph.D. in the United Kingdom and a professor I admired invited me to interview for a position in his lab in Japan. The interview went well. I was sure everything would go well in 2019.
Then, in April, my mother told me about some strange symptoms(症状) she was experiencing. “Have you submitted your thesis(毕业论文) yet ” she asked me. “Almost, Mom,” I said. She seemed to be holding back. But I was focused on finishing my experiments, so I brushed away my concern.
A week later, the doctors had an update: It was lung cancer. During the next 2 months I was torn between my research and my family as I prepared for my defense, scheduled for mid-July. My Ph.D. supervisor (导师) encouraged me to take all the time I needed to be with my mom, but my expectations for myself always pulled me back to the lab. In the meantime, cancer had spread throughout my mother's body.
Yet my scientific commitments still held me. I was set to attend a conference in New Zealand in early July. But on my way to the airport, I got the news that my mother had 1 or 2 years left. So I flew back to Madrid instead. I postponed my Ph.D. defense. Meanwhile — in just 3 weeks — the rest of my mother’s life was changed to 1 year, then months, weeks, days. Cancer beat my mother at the end of July.
I am always sorry for losing precious time with my mother. I had never slowed down before, knowing what it takes to secure an academic position. Losing my mother put things into perspective for me. I saw the humane side of science in the understanding and flexibility offered by my Ph.D. supervisor.
And the work I missed felt insignificant. I defended my thesis in September and moved to Tokyo later. I know that many people’s 2021 may feel like my 2019, with struggles and losses competing with career goals. Please, take my advice: If your loved ones need you now, be there for them. Science will be waiting when you return.
4. What does the underlined word “concern” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. The problem in the author’s research. B. The schedule of the author’s thesis.
C. The health of the author’s mother. D. The result of the interview.
5. What did the author do in early July 2019
A. She attended a conference in New Zealand. B. She had an interview in Japan.
C. She submitted her thesis. D. She returned to Madrid.
6. Which of the following best describes the author’s Ph.D. supervisor
A. Curious. B. Caring. C. Ambitious. D. Demanding.
7. What does the author want to tell us through her experience
A. A strong-willed soul can reach his goal.
B. Give priority to your loved ones.
C. Don’t dream away your time.
D. Better late than never.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者在即将完成博士学位时母亲患了癌症，由于忙于科研学习，作者没能及时回到母亲身边，永远不会原谅自己失去陪伴母亲的宝贵时间，作者最后告诉我们，如果你爱的人现在需要你，到你爱的人那去，要优先考虑你爱的人。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段首句“Then, in April, my mother told me about some strange symptoms(症状) she was experiencing.(然后在四月份，我的母亲告诉我她正在经历的一些怪异的症状。)”及最后一句“But I was focused on finishing my experiments, so I brushed away my concern.(但是我专注于完成实验，因此了无视了自己的concern)”可知，作者忙于实验，从而忘记了母亲之前所出现的奇怪症状。所以此处concern是指妈妈的健康状况。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“I was set to attend a conference in New Zealand in early July. But on my way to the airport, I got the news that my mother had 1 or 2 years left. So I flew back to Madrid instead.( 7月初，我准备参加在新西兰举行的一个会议。但在去机场的路上，我得到的消息是，我的母亲还有一两年的时间。所以我飞回了马德里)”可知，作者在2019年7月初返回了马德里。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“My Ph.D. supervisor(导师) encouraged me to take all the time I needed to be with my mom(我的博士生导师鼓励我花所有的时间和妈妈在一起)”及倒数第二段最后一句“I saw the humane side of science in the understanding and flexibility offered by my Ph.D. supervisor.(我在我的博士导师提供的理解和方便中看到了科学人性化的一面)”可知，作者的博士导师理解作者的心情并给作者提供方便，所以作者的导师非常体贴他人。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文结合最后一段中“Please, take my advice: If your loved ones need you now, be there for them.(请接受我的建议：如果你爱的人现在需要你，你就在他们身边)”可知，作者通过自己的经历想要告诉我们要优先考虑你爱的人。故选B项。
C
Moving a step closer to a world that depends lesson fossil fuels, Swedish manufacturer, Volvo has exhibited a load carrier made out of fossil-free steel. The vehicle operates autonomously and can follow a predefined pa that a jobsite. Its electric motor ensures that the operations do not generate any emissions.
According to a report, every ton of steel produced generates an average of 1.85 tons of carbon dioxide. Steel production accounts for eight percent of annual carbon emissions in the world and decarbonizing (脱碳) the production is a major challenge for countries promising zero emissions by 2050.
“Having the world’s first actual vehicle made using SSAB’s fossil-free steel is a true milestone (里程碑),” said Martin Lindqvist from steel company SSAB. “Our cooperation with Volvo Group shows that green transition is possible and brings results.” The technology replaces the fossil fuels used in steelmaking with fossil-free electricity and hydrogen (氢).
However, the electric motor on the carrier is not entirely made from fossil-free steel, therefore the company cannot claim to have made a completely emission-free vehicle. To answer the claims, Volvo Chief Technical Officer, Lars Stenqvist said that three tons of green steel were used to make the load carrier while the vehicle’s weight is over eight tons. However, the total weight also includes heavier parts like massive tires (轮胎) with high load-bearing capacities.
“This initiative with SSAB sets the standard for a fossil-free future,” said Martin Lundstedt from Volvo Group. “Just as the nations of the world get together to address climate change, so too must organizations and industries work cooperatively to develop innovative new solutions for a greenhouse gas emission free future.”
8. What can we learn about the load carrier
A. It can drive itself. B. Its tires weigh more than five tons.
C. Its electric motor is free of fossil fuels. D. It is intended to transport steel at a jobsite.
9. Why is the report in paragraph 2 mentioned
A. To advocate a low-carbon lifestyle.
B. To criticize the less-developed steel production.
C. To highlight the threat caused by carbon emissions.
D. To stress the necessity of the use of fossil-free steel.
10. What does Martin Lindqvist think of the load carrier
A. It is a major breakthrough. B. It appeals to the public interest.
C. It has promoted the advance of technology. D. It has strengthened the two companies’ friendship.
11. What does Martin Lundstedt want to tell us in the last paragraph
A. More green vehicles are to be made. B. The load carrier is far from satisfactory.
C. Cooperation is the key to a green future. D. SSAB takes the lead in steel production.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了瑞典制造商沃尔沃展示了一款由无化石燃料钢铁制成的载货车，向依赖化石燃料的世界迈进了一步。车辆自动运行，并可以按照预先设定的路线运行。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Moving a step closer to a world that depends lesson fossil fuels, Swedish manufacturer, Volvo has exhibited a load carrier made out of fossil-free steel. The vehicle operates autonomously and can follow a predefined pa that a jobsite.(瑞典制造商沃尔沃展示了一款由无化石燃料钢铁制成的载货车，向依赖化石燃料的世界迈进了一步。车辆自动运行，并可以按照预先设定的路线运行)”可知，载货车可以进行自动驾驶。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“According to a report, every ton of steel produced generates an average of 1.85 tons of carbon dioxide. Steel production accounts for eight percent of annual carbon emissions in the world and decarbonizing (脱碳) the production is a major challenge for countries promising zero emissions by 2050.(根据一份报告，每生产一吨钢铁平均会产生1.85吨二氧化碳。钢铁生产占世界年碳排放量的8%，对承诺到2050年实现零排放的国家来说，使钢铁生产脱碳是一项重大挑战)”可推知，提到第2段的报告是为了强调使用非化石钢的必要性。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““Having the world’s first actual vehicle made using SSAB’s fossil-free steel is a true milestone (里程碑),” said Martin Lindqvist from steel company SSAB.( SSAB钢铁公司的Martin Lindqvist说：“拥有世界上第一辆使用SSAB的无化石钢制造的汽车是一个真正的里程碑。”)”可知，Martin Lindqvist认为载货车是一个重大突破。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Just as the nations of the world get together to address climate change, so too must organizations and industries work cooperatively to develop innovative new solutions for a greenhouse gas emission free future.(就像世界各国共同应对气候变化一样，组织和行业也必须合作开发创新的新解决方案，以实现无温室气体排放的未来)”可推知，Martin Lundstedt在最后一段想告诉我们合作是绿色未来的关键。故选C。
D
In the pre-COVID-19 era, children’s personalised books used to be a niche market (小众市 场). Far from their early version that merely had the child’s name stuck on the book cover today’s personalised books feature entire families — including pets. Instead of meeting unknowr characters and new story worlds, the readers meet themselves. With the persuasive power of personalisation, publishers find their way into children’s inner worlds quicker than with non- personalised books
Well-designed personalised books can enhance children’s vocabulary learning. However, it’s also been found that in their talk about the story of a personalised book, they talk about “me, me, me”. Part of this self-centredness is natural at a young age, but part of it is caused by the personalised character of the book. In a recent study, personalised books, as opposed to thei non-personalised versions, do not help children understand the moral of a story or apply it to thei own lives
In most popular personalised books, children are pictured as the heroes and stars of their own stories. What is certain is that in addition to personalised hero books, we need personalised books where the child is a minor character or a character who experiences depression. The problem is that such books are unlikely to be popular and are therefore unlikely to be written. We are thus heading towards a situation where children see themselves in a positive light in their own personalised books and where they see others as failures in non-personalised books. It introduces children to a culture of“me vs you” where shared humanity is replaced by a false narrative of “I am the best!”
The most powerful children’s books are those that hit the sweet spot of personalisation and diversity. Such books teach children out-group empathy (同感) that occurs with story characters whose,experiences are different from their own. Authors can convey such out-group empathy by constructing strong plots that immerse (使沉浸) children in the story, but also challenge them to think beyond their comfort zone. The current personalised books take us from this ideal. They represent an economic interest in individualisation, and might ill prepare young minds for an uncertain future.
12. What makes current children’s personalised books different from their earlier versions
A. Children can see their own name on the cover.
B. More family members are included in the books.
C. More new story worlds are introduced to children.
D. Publishers give up supplying them to the niche market.
13. What happens when children talk about a personalised book
A. They tend to focus on themselves.
B. They relate it to their own lives.
C. They can understand its morals better.
D. They tend to use new words they’ve learnt.
14. What is the problem of most popular personalised books
A. They fail to show common humanity.
B. They are characterised by happy endings.
C. They make children give in to defeat easily.
D. They fail to impress children with depression.
15. What does the author want to stress in the last paragraph
A. The reasons for reading personalised books.
B. The reasons for standardising the publishing market.
C. The necessity of raising the quality of children’s books.
D. The necessity of developing empathy among young readers.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章解介绍了受欢迎的儿童个性化书籍引起的问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Far from their early version that merely had the child’s name stuck on the book cover today’s personalised books feature entire families — including pets.(早期的个性化书籍只是把孩子的名字印在书的封面上，而现在的个性化书籍则把整个家庭都印在封面上——包括宠物)”可知，现在的儿童个性化书籍比以前包含了更多家庭成员，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, it’s also been found that in their talk about the story of a personalised book, they talk about “me, me, me”. Part of this self-centredness is natural at a young age, but part of it is caused by the personalised character of the book.(然而，研究也发现，在他们谈论一本个性化书籍的故事时。他们谈论的是‘我，我，我’，这种自我中心在孩子们很小的时候是很自然的，但也有一部分是由书中个性化的人物造成的)”可知，当孩子们谈论个性化书籍时，他们倾向于以自我为中心，故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段末句“It introduces children to a culture of ‘me vs you’ where shared humanity is replaced by a false narrative of ‘I am the best!’(它向孩子们介绍了一种‘我对你’的文化，在这种文化中，共同的人性被‘我是最好的’的错误叙述所取代)”可知，大多数受欢迎的个性化书籍存在的问题是没有表现出共同的人性，故选A。
15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The current personalised books take us from this ideal. They represent an economic interest in individualisation, and might ill prepare young minds for an uncertain future(目前的个性化书籍让我们远离了这种理想。它们代表了个性化的经济利益，可能会让年轻人为不确定的未来做好准备)”可知，本段指出目前的个性化书籍存在的问题，旨在强调提高儿童图书质量的必要性，故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wanting to be more responsible is admirable. Being responsible can seem hard at first, but if you keep at it, it will become second nature to you! Below are some tips on how to become responsible.
Place others’ needs before your own. When you have a family, friends, or pets, being responsible may mean placing their needs above your own. That doesn’t mean you don’t take care of yourself. ____16____ .
Learn to think about other people’s thoughts and feelings. Empathy is feeling what other people feel. When you say something or do something, think about how it will make the other person feel. If you’re not sure, consider how it would make you feel. ____17____.
Make a schedule to plan your time. Whether you have a daily planner or use a phone app, a schedule helps you stay on top of your responsibilities. It reminds you of what you need to be doing. ____18____. Write out the appointments you have, the places you go every day, and the chores you need to get done each day.
____19____. One aspect of being responsible is not putting off your tasks until after you’ve had fun. Start by doing what you need to get done first, and then you can relax and have fun afterward.
Keep your long-term commitments. When something is fun and new, it’s easy to be committed to it.
____20____. Whether it’s being in a club, taking a leadership role in a community organization, or volunteering, you have to be in it for the long term.
A. Your personal feelings aren’t an issue.
B. Take care of your tasks before having fun.
C. Pick a few goals that you want to achieve.
D. In addition, it shows you where you’ re spending your time.
E. However, it becomes a little more difficult when the novelty wears off.
F. If it would make you feel bad, reconsider what you were thinking about doing or saying.
G. It does mean you may need to take care of yourself later if someone you love has a need now.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要就如何负责任给出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“That doesn’t mean you don’t take care of yourself. (你的免疫系统通过识别和消灭有害细菌来保护你的身体免受传染性冠状病毒的侵害。它还可以帮助你建立免疫力……)”可知，上文介绍免疫系统的作用。G项“It does mean you may need to take care of yourself later if someone you love has a need now. (这确实意味着，如果你爱的人现在有需要，你以后可能需要照顾好自己。)”中的It does mean与上一句中的That doesn’t mean在形式上并列；take care of yourself later 与上文的 Place others’ needs before your own 以及 placing their needs above your own 相照应。故G项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“If you’re not sure, consider how it would make you feel. (如果你不确定，考虑一下它会给你带来什么感觉。)”可知，上文讲到当你不确定你的所说所做会给他人带来什么感受时，考虑一下它会给你带来什么感觉。F项“If it would make you feel bad, reconsider what you were thinking about doing or saying. (如果这会让你感觉不好，重新考虑你想做什么或说什么。)” 是对上一句的进一步解释说明。F项中的 If it would make you feel bad是对上文consider how it would make you feel的举例说明，reconsider 与上文的 think about和consider相照应。故选F项。
【18题详解】
设空处与上一句之间是递进关系。D项“In addition, it shows you where you’ re spending your time. (此外，它还向你展示了你把时间花在哪里。)”中的In addition 是表示递进关系的提示信息。D项中的 it 与上一句中的It均指代a schedule。故选D项。
【19题详解】
设空处是对本段内容的概括总结。Start by doing what you need to get done first, and then you can relax and have fun afterward 是本段的关键句，其中的 first，then，afterward 均是表示先后顺序的词。B项“Take care of your tasks before having fun. (在玩得开心之前先处理好你的任务。)”中的tasks和having fun在本段中均有原词复现，且B项中的before意为“在……之前”，与 first，then，afterward相照应。故选B项。
【20题详解】
设空处与上一句之间是转折关系。E项“However, it becomes a little more difficult when the novelty wears off. (然而，当新鲜感逐渐消失时，这就变得有点困难了。)”中的difficult与上一句中的easy 是反义关系，E项中的novelty对应上一句中的fun and new。故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“For the final exam, instead of a written test, everyone will be required to give a ten-minute presentation on one of the science topics we covered this year,”Mr. Marx announced.
Angela ____21____. When Mr. Marx passed around a sign-up sheet, Angela chose the topic of tadpoles, but also made sure she picked the very ____22____ time slot (时间空档) for presentation days. She wanted to put as much distance as possible between now and the moment she would have to speak ____23____ the class.
Angela began having ____24____ in sleeping at night. She dreamed of ____25____ the final exam because she froze and ____26____ her speech. Every classmate’s ____27____ meant she was one step closer to having to present herself.
When the day. ____28____,Angela couldn’t eat breakfast; and she had to ____29____ math before science. She couldn’t ____30____ at all. Her heart pounded as Mr. Marx ____31____ her name. She gathered her notecards with shaking hands and ____32____ walked to the front of the room.
“Tadpoles,” she began, “are frogs or toads at the beginning of their life cycle.” The first
sentence ____33____.Then, something happened that she did not ____34____ at all. She relaxed. Once she began, the words ____35____ smoothly. She could see Mr. Marx start to smile and nod ____36____
After weeks of ____37____ this moment, she couldn’t believe how quickly the presentation passed.
“So,” she said ____38____,“does anyone have any questions ____39____,after her presentation about tadpoles ”
“ ____40____ to do something can be worse than actually doing it,” Angela thought.
21. A. faced the music B. turned a deaf ear C. had green fingers D. got butterflies
22. A. rare B. last C. reliable D. practical
23. A. in honor of B. in front of C. in place of D. in favor of
24. A. experience B. success C. difficulty D. interest
25. A. failing B. taking C. preparing for D. cheating in
26. A. missed B. forgot C. changed D. delivered
27. A. expression B. introduction C. invitation D. presentation
28. A. arrived B. passed C. continued D. cooled
29. A. pick up B. get through C. talk through D. hold up
30. A. remember B. speak C. concentrate D. imagine
31. A. called B. noticed C. found D. declared
32. A. briefly B. directly C. angrily D. slowly
33 A. let out B. gave out C. came out D. set out
34. A. expect B. promise C. realize D. understand
35. A. spelt B. flowed C. struck D. rang
36. A. violently B. respectfully C. encouragingly D. thoughtfully
37. A. fearing B. desiring C. doubting D. ignoring
38. A. normally B. brightly C. gradually D. peacefully
39. A. ended B. began C. disappeared D. followed
40. A. Refusing B. Waiting C. Attempting D. Deciding
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名叫做安吉拉的女孩，惧怕在全班面前作演讲，但最终战胜自己的紧张及恐惧而出色完成任务的故事，通过自己的经历告诉大家等着做一件事比实际采取行动更糟糕。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：安吉拉紧张极了。A. faced the music面对现实；B. turned a deaf ear置若罔闻； C. had green fingers擅长园艺；D. got butterflies感到紧张。根据下文“She gathered her notecards with shaking hands（她双手颤抖地收拾好笔记）”可知，安吉拉演讲前很紧张，因此此处表达她紧张的心情。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当马克思先生分发报名表时，安吉拉选择了蝌蚪的主题，但也确保她选择了演讲日的最后一个时间段。A. rare少见的；B. last最后的；C. reliable可靠的；D. practical实用的。根据下文“She gathered her notecards with shaking hands（她双手颤抖地收拾好笔记）”可知，安吉拉演讲前很紧张，因此她会选最后一个演讲，为的是拖延演讲的的时间，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：她想把现在和她必须在全班面前讲话的那一刻尽可能地拉开距离。A. in honor of纪念；B. in front of在……前面； C. in place of代替；D. in favor of支持。根据下文“walked to the front of the room.（走到教室前面）”可知，这次演讲是要在教室前面即全班同学面前作演讲，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：安吉拉晚上开始难以入睡。A. experience经验；B. success成功；C. difficulty困难；D. interest兴趣。根据上文“She wanted to put as much distance as possible（她想把现在和她必须在全班面前讲话的那一刻尽可能地拉开距离）”可知，安吉拉内心是惧怕演讲的，因此会难以入睡，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她梦见期末考试不及格，因为她呆住了，忘记了演讲的(台词)。A. failing失败；B. taking拿走；C. preparing for作准备；D. cheating in作弊。根据上文“Angela began having ____4___ sleeping at night.（安吉拉晚上开始难以入睡）”可知，安吉拉惧怕演讲，难以入睡，导致晚上会梦见自己演讲失败。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她梦见期末考试不及格，因为她呆住了，忘记了演讲(台词)。A. missed错过；B. forgot忘记；C. changed改变；D. delivered递送。根据上文“because she froze（她愣住了）”可知，安吉拉梦见自己演讲时愣住了，是因为过渡紧张而忘词，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个同学的演讲都意味着她离展示自己又近了一步。A. expression表达；B. introduction介绍；C. invitation邀请；D. presentation演讲。呈现；根据上文“For the final exam, instead of a written test, everyone will be required to give a ten-minute presentation on one of the science topics we covered this year（期末考试不是笔试，而是要求每个人就我们今年学过的一个科学主题做一个10分钟的演讲）”可知同学们也会依次作演讲，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这一天到来时，安吉拉吃不下早饭了；A. arrived到达；B. passed传递；C. continued继续；D. cooled冷却。根据下文“Her heart pounded （她的心怦怦直跳）”可知，安吉拉一直很紧张，因此会寝食难安，此处表达她因为紧张而吃不下饭，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她必须先学数学再学科学。A. pick up捡起；B. get through通过；C. talk through讨论； D. hold up停止。根据下文“Her heart pounded （她的心怦怦直跳）”可知，安吉拉一直很紧张，所以会给自己很多心理暗示自己做不好，此处指安吉拉觉得自己数学都没学好，那科学也学不好。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她根本无法集中注意力。A. remember记得； B. speak说；C. concentrate聚焦； D. imagine想象。根据下文“She gathered her notecards with shaking hands（她颤抖着双手收拾好笔记）”可知，安吉拉极度紧张，总是有各种担心，因此根本无法集中注意力。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当马克思先生叫她的名字时，她的心怦怦直跳。A. called叫；B. noticed注意到；C. found找到；D. declared宣称。根据下文“walked to the front of the room.（她走到了教室前面）”可知，安吉拉走到教室前面做演讲，是因为轮到自己演讲了，因此是老师叫到了她的名词，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她用颤抖的双手收拾好笔记，慢慢地走到房间前面。A. briefly简短地；B. directly直接地；C. angrily生气地；D. slowly缓慢地。根据上文“She gathered her notecards with shaking hands（她颤抖着双手收拾好笔记）”可知，安吉拉几度紧张，惧怕演讲，因此会缓慢走上讲台，以此表达她惧怕当众演讲的心理。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：第一句话出来了。A. let out释放； B. gave out泄露； C. came out出来；D. set out出发。根据上文““Tadpoles,” she began, “are frogs or toads at the beginning of their life cycle.（蝌蚪，”她开始说，“是青蛙或蟾蜍生命周期的开）”可知，这是安吉拉演讲的第一句话，因此是第一句话说出来了。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，发生了一件她完全没有预料到的事情。她放松下来了。A. expect预料；B. promise许诺；C. realize意识到；D. understand理解。根据下文“She relaxed.（她放松了下来）”可知，此处安吉拉的心情跟之前形成对比，她自己一直很紧张，因此此处的放松是自己完全没有预料到的，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一开口，话就滔滔不绝了。A. spelt拼写；B. flowed流动，滔滔不绝；C. struck打击；D. rang响。根据上文“She relaxed.（她放松了下来）”及下文“smoothly（顺畅）”可知，安吉拉放松下来了，因此演讲不会磕磕绊绊，而是滔滔不绝。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她可以看到马克思先生开始微笑，并鼓励地点点头。A. violently暴力地；B. respectfully恭敬地；C. encouragingly鼓励地；D. thoughtfully考虑周全地。根据上文“She could see Mr. Marx start to smile（她看见马克思老师冲她微笑）”，可知此处安吉拉演讲表现很好，因此老师会冲她点头微笑以示鼓励。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个星期以来，她一直在担心这一刻，她不敢相信演讲过得这么快。A. fearing害怕；B. desiring想要；C. doubting怀疑；D. ignoring忽视。根据上文“She wanted to put as much distance as possible（她想把现在和她必须在全班面前讲话的那一刻尽可能地拉开距离）”可知，安吉拉想拖延自己演讲的时间，是因为她惧怕演讲，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：”那么，”她欢快地说，“在她关于蝌蚪的演讲结束后，有人有什么问题吗 ” A. normally正常地；B. brightly欢快地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. peacefully平静。根据上文“she couldn’t believe how quickly the presentation passed.（她不敢相信这次演讲这么快就结束了）”可知，安吉拉的演讲最后进展的很顺利，她也不再紧张，因此心情愉悦，故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“那么，”她欢快地说，“在她关于蝌蚪的演讲结束后，有人有什么问题吗 ” A. ended结束；B. began开始； C. disappeared消失；D. followed跟随。根据上文“she couldn’t believe how quickly the presentation passed.（她不敢相信这次演讲这么快就结束了）”可知，这次演讲最终圆满结束，安吉拉以一个问题结束演讲，故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“等着做一件事可能比实际去做更糟糕，”安吉拉想。 A. Refusing拒绝；B. Waiting等待；C. Attempting企图；D. Deciding决定。根据上文“She relaxed. Once she began, the words ____15___ smoothly.（她放松下来了，一旦开始，话语便滔滔不绝）”可知，安吉拉一直惧怕演讲不敢行动，直至最后一刻，一旦开始便滔滔不绝，因此这里只与其因惧怕而踌躇不前，不如采取行动。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。
Marine biology is the study of the ocean’s plant and animal life. Marine life gives us food, medicine and other raw materials we need. It also supports tourism and provides us with an area of recreation.
____41____ (difference)forms of life live in various areas of the ocean. Some are limited to coastal and shelf areas, while others live in the open sea.
Coral reefs ____42____ (find) in the tropical areas of the world, but they can also exist in colder water. Reefs are built by corals and other ____43____ (animal)that leave calcium on rocks. They are home to ____44____ vast variety of life forms. About half of the world’s coral reefs, however,are ____45____ danger because of global warming and a rise in sea temperatures.
Although we do not know very much about____46____ kind of life forms exist in deep ocean trenches(深海沟), marine scientists have found a certain type of jellyfish(水母) in the Mariana Trench, the world’s ____47____ (deep)ocean area. These parts of the ocean ____48____ (usual)have little or no sunlight and many organisms(生物)here have to produce light ____49____ (they).
Marine scientists also study how waves and currents affect organisms ____50____ (live)in the oceans.
【答案】41. Different
42. are found
43. animals
44. a 45. in
46. what 47. deepest
48. usually
49. themselves
50. living
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋科学的研究及意义。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：不同形式的生命生活在海洋的不同区域。该空修饰后面名词forms(形式)，故填形容词Different，意为“不同的”，作定语。故答案为Different。
【42题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：珊瑚礁在世界的热带地区被发现，但它们也可以存在于较冷的水域。分析句子结构可知，该空是句子谓语。结合句意和can可知，本句讲的是一般事实，故句子用一般现在时，主语Coral reefs是复数，且与find(发现)是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故答案为are found。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：珊瑚礁是由珊瑚和其它在岩石上留下钙的动物形成的。other 其他的，后接名词复数；animal(动物)为可数名词，故变为复数形式animals。故答案为animals。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它们是各种各样生命形式的家园。固定短语a variety of 意为“多种多样的”，句中vast修饰variety，故填不定冠词a。故答案为a。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，由于全球变暖和海水温度上升，世界上大约一半的珊瑚礁处于危险之中。固定短语in danger意为“处于危险中”，符合语境，故填介词in。故答案为in。
【46题详解】
考查代词。句意：虽然我们对深海海沟中存在什么样的生命形式并不十分了解，但海洋科学家在世界上最深的海洋区域马里亚纳海沟中发现了某种水母。分析句子结构可知，about后为宾语从句，what kind of意为“什么样的”，故答案为what。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然我们对深海海沟中存在什么样的生命形式并不十分了解，但海洋科学家在世界上最深的海洋区域马里亚纳海沟中发现了某种水母。形容词deep意为“深的”。此处指世界上最深的海洋区域，故填形容词deep的最高级，故答案为deepest。
【48题详解】
考查副词。句意：海洋的这些部分通常很少或没有阳光，这里的许多生物必须自己发光。该空修饰动词have(有)，故用副词usually(通常)，作状语。故答案为usually。
【49题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：海洋的这些部分通常很少或没有阳光，这里的许多生物必须自己发光。该句指很多这里的生物不得不自己产生光，故填反身代词themselves，意为“它们自己”，代替many organisms。故答案为themselves。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：海洋科学家还研究波浪和洋流如何影响生活在海洋中的生物。分析句子结构可知，study后为宾语从句，该从句谓语是affect，故空格处在从句中为非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰名词organisms(生物)，organisms与live(生活)是主动关系，故为现在分词living。故答案为living。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Yesterday, my father and I were walking on the road when we noticed the man driving by very slowly. Suddenly, his car ran off the road into a tree. We immediate reached through the broken window and turned the engine. We tried talking to him but getting no response. Fearing he might be choking, we struggle to get him out of the car. As soon as we got him out, we laid him on his sides and he started shaking. Then, I called 120 while my father continued trying to talk to me. After the ambulance arrived, and the staff took him to hospital. My father said what proud he was of me for not be afraid to help.
【答案】1.the→a
2.immediate→immediately
3.在turned后加off
4.getting→got
5.struggle→struggled
6.sides→side
7.me→him
8.删除and
9.what→how
10.be→being
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者和爸爸帮助一位车子撞到树上的男人的故事。
【详解】1.考查不定冠词。句意：昨天，我和爸爸走在路上，这时我们注意到一个男人开得很慢。man是可数名词，此处表示泛指一个男人，应用不定冠词，故将the改为a。
2.考查副词。句意：我们立即从破碎的窗户进去伸手关掉了引擎。修饰动词reached应用副词形式，故将immediate改为immediately。
3.考查动词短语。句意同上。结合语境可知，作者和爸爸应是“关闭引擎”，用动词短语turn off“关掉”，故在turned后加off。
4.考查谓语动词。句意：我们试着和他说话，但没有得到回应。结合句意可知，此处是but连接的两个谓语动词，应用动词过去式got，故将getting改为got。
5.考查一般过去时。句意：由于担心他会窒息，我们努力把他从车里拉出来。结合上下文及文章首句中“Yesterday”可知，文章是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故将struggle改为struggled。
6.考查名词单数。句意：我们一把他弄出来，就让他侧身躺着，他就开始发抖。lie on one’s side侧卧，故此处用名词单数形式，故将sides改为side。
7.考查代词。句意：然后，我打了120，而我父亲继续试图和他说话。结合语境可知，作者拨打急救电话，爸爸继续尝试和那个受伤的男人说话，此处应用人称代词宾格him，故将me改为him。
8.考查句子结构，句意：救护车来了之后，工作人员把他送到了医院。分析句子可知，After引导时间状语从句，主句中连词and多余，故删除and。
9.考查宾语从句。句意：我爸爸说他为我不怕帮忙而感到骄傲。proud是形容词，此处表示“多么自豪”应用how引导宾语从句，故将what改为how。
10.考查动名词。句意同上。作介词for的宾语应用动名词形式，故将be改为being。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 你校最近将举办一场主题为“拒绝浪费粮食”的英语演讲比赛。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1.浪费粮食的现象；
2.制止粮食浪费的做法；
3.发出呼吁。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Good morning, everyone,
The amount of food waste is shocking and disturbing nowadays, especially when we dine out. Therefore, immediate action should be taken to stop food waste.
Firstly, when we eat out, we should order no more food than we can eat. If we cannot eat all the food up, we should pack up leftovers to take home. Secondly, restaurants should do something to remind consumers not to waste food. For example, they can put some slogans on the walls or on the tables.
Let’s be faithful followers of the national “Clean Your Plate” campaign and do our part to help put an end to food waste.
Thanks for your listening!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为学校即将举办的一场主题为“拒绝浪费粮食”的英语演讲比赛，撰写一篇演讲稿参赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
令人吃惊的：shocking→astonishing
因此：therefore→thus
首先：firstly→ first of all
其次：secondly→ in addition
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： Therefore, immediate action should be taken to stop food waste.
拓展句： Therefore, immediate action should be taken to stop food waste, which has severely threatened our daily life for a long time.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstly, when we eat out, we should order no more food than we can eat.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】If we cannot eat all the food up, we should pack up leftovers to take home.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
听力答案：1-5 BCBAC 6-10 BCCAB 11-15 CBBAA 16-20 CBABA

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