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2022学年第二学期期末教学质量测
高二英语试题
本试卷满分130分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写学校、班级、姓名、试室号、座位号及准考证号，并用2B铅笔填涂准考证号。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2. 全部答案必须在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。
3. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。
4. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上;如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域;不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
5. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Parks Canada, which manages nearly 11,000 campsites, says it has had six years of record-setting demand for camping reservations, and is expecting interest to be even higher this year.
Experienced campers at some of Canada’s top campgrounds know that time is of the essence if you’re looking to book, especially if you’re in pursuit of the country’s top campgrounds, such as Prince Albert National Park. Here’s everything you need to know to get your favourite spot for summer.
Make a new account before reservations open
Parks Canada has adopted a new reservation system. Your old Parks Canada account can’t be accessed anymore, so you will need to create a new account. Campers can make their new account ahead of time. Parks Canada has created a step-by-step guide to help you make a new account.
Make a note of the date your favourite campgrounds open for reservations
Parks Canada is using staggered (错开的) reservation dates for campgrounds. This means you may need to try for the front of the queue on more than one day if you’re hoping to obtain sites at more than one campground this summer. You can only have up to five campsites at a time in your shopping cart before being forced to check out. Reservations are open from March 13 to March 31.
Don’t forget: A Parks Canada campsite reservation doesn’t include the cost of daily admission to the park. Campers can pay the park admission fee when making their reservation, upon arrival to the park, or by purchasing a pass. Visitors under 17 years of age or newcomers to Canada get free entry.
1. What is essential to book the country’s top campsites
A. Time. B. Money. C. Membership. D. Guidance.
2. What should you do if you hope to reserve over one campground
A. Purchase a pass. B. Access an old account.
C Queue respectively. D. Check out immediately.
3. What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A. To introduce popular campgrounds. B. To encourage campsite reservations.
C. To remind tourists of entry fee policies. D. To inform tourists of reservation open dates.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了预定加拿大顶级露营地的方法。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Experienced campers at some of Canada’s top campgrounds know that time is of the essence if you’re looking to book, especially if you’re in pursuit of the country’s top campgrounds, such as Prince Albert National Park.(在加拿大一些顶级露营地的经验丰富的露营者知道，如果你想预订，时间是至关重要的，特别是如果你在寻找加拿大顶级露营地，比如阿尔伯特亲王国家公园)”可知，预订国内顶级露营地点的关键是时间。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Make a note of the date your favourite campgrounds open for reservations下的“This means you may need to try for the front of the queue on more than one day if you’re hoping to obtain sites at more than one campground this summer.(这意味着如果您希望在今年夏天在多个露营地点获得地点，您可能需要在不止一天尝试排队)”可知，如果您希望预订多个露营地点，您应该分别排队。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Don’t forget: A Parks Canada campsite reservation doesn’t include the cost of daily admission to the park. Campers can pay the park admission fee when making their reservation, upon arrival to the park, or by purchasing a pass. Visitors under 17 years of age or newcomers to Canada get free entry.(别忘了：Parks Canada的露营地点预订不包括入园的每日门票费用。露营者可以在预订时支付公园入园费，或在到达公园时支付，或购买通行证。17岁以下的游客或新移民可享受免费入园)”可知，最后一段的目的是提醒游客入场费政策。故选C项。
B
It’s said that every person on the planet somewhere has a twin. Some years back, I met mine. His name is Allan Ripp. We met nearly 30 years ago through our respective jobs and hit it off right away. But we largely lost touch with each other until I was laid off from my job in the financial crisis of 2008 and he seriously considered hiring me.
Work brought us back together again about five years ago. And we’ve since become friends. Thanks only to our current go-round, I discovered our many similarities. Our most striking similarities are physical. Allan is five-foot-eleven; I’m five-ten. He weighs 150 lbs, and I155 lbs. A million men around the globe might fit this description. But our similarity extends to our professions as well. Allan started his career as a journalist, and so did I. He has practised full-time public relations for 36 years, I for 31. We are both writers.
But now, the probability of having such a double narrows considerably as other coincidences (巧合) emerge. We both grew up in Northeastern communities, played basketball since childhood and lived most of our lives in New York. Once we talk about family, this whole mirror image business gets strange. Allan and his wife have a son and a daughter, and so do my family. Moreover, both his daughter and my daughter married a man born and raised in Italy. So my double and I both have an Italian son-in-law.
As it turns out, my carbon copy and I have almost identical priorities. We advise each other on career moves and share industry information. We cheer for each other’s achievements. He treats me like he cares about my success more than his own.
The universe might be sending me a message that my double is a model worth following. Maybe he is who I could be if only I could do just a little better.
4. What do the underlined words “hit it off” mean
A. Liked each other. B. Had an argument.
C. Found similarities. D. Became old friends.
5. What laid the foundation for the author’s friendship with Allan
A. Work. B. Hobby. C. Family. D. Appearance.
6. What similarities does the author introduce in paragraph 3
A. Profession and family. B. Background and family.
C. Profession and marriage. D. Background and marriage.
7. How does the author feel about having such a carbon copy
A. Regretful. B. Grateful. C. Astonished. D. Embarrassed.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者与自己的双胞胎兄弟艾伦·里普之间的故事，他们间的相似点，以及对自己的激励。
4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文“It’s said that every person on the planet somewhere has a twin. Some years back, I met mine. His name is Allan Ripp. We met nearly 30 years ago through our respective jobs(据说地球上每个人都有一个双胞胎。几年前，我遇见了我的双胞胎兄弟。他的名字叫艾伦·里普。我们近30年前通过各自的工作认识)”可知，作者30年前遇到了自己的“双胞胎兄弟”。由此推知，当时就喜欢上彼此了。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Work brought us back together again about five years ago. And we’ve since become friends.(大约五年前，工作让我们又走到了一起。从那以后我们就成了朋友)”可知，工作奠定了作者与艾伦友谊的基础。故选A项。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“But now, the probability of having such a double narrows considerably as other coincidences (巧合) emerge. We both grew up in Northeastern communities, played basketball since childhood and lived most of our lives in New York. Once we talk about family, this whole mirror image business gets strange. Allan and his wife have a son and a daughter, and so do my family. Moreover, both his daughter and my daughter married a man born and raised in Italy. So my double and I both have an Italian son-in-law.(但现在，随着其他巧合的出现，出现这种双重情况的可能性大大缩小了。我们都在东北部社区长大，从小就打篮球，大部分时间都在纽约度过。一旦我们谈到家人，整个镜像的事情就变得奇怪了。艾伦和他的妻子有一儿一女，我们家也是。此外，他的女儿和我的女儿都嫁给了一个在意大利出生和长大的男人。我和我的孪生兄弟都有一个意大利女婿)”可知，本段主要介绍了背景和家庭。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The universe might be sending me a message that my double is a model worth following. Maybe he is who I could be if only I could do just a little better.(宇宙可能在向我传递一个信息，我的替身是一个值得效仿的榜样。也许他就是我能成为的样子只要我能做得更好一点)”可推知，作者对拥有这样一位“双胞胎兄弟”是感激的。故选B项。
C
To create is human. For the past 300,000 years, we’ve been unique in our ability to make art, cuisine, and societies to imagine and create something new where there was nothing before. Now we have company. While you’re reading this sentence, generative artificial intelligence programs are responding to emails, preparing tax returns, and providing health advice.
Artificial intelligence has already had a wide impact on our lives. AIs have been used to price medicine and houses, assemble (组装) cars, determine what ads we see on social media. But generative AI, which can create wholly novel content, is much newer.
Supporters believe this is just the beginning, that generative AI will change the way we work and engage with the world, unlock creativity and scientific discoveries, and allow human beings to achieve previously unimaginable goals.
This shift marks the most important technological breakthrough since social media. Generative AI tools have been adopted greedily in recent months by the public, thanks to programs like ChatGPT, which responds to virtually any question, and Dall-E, which allows you to produce any image you dream up. In January, ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users.
This craze caught off guard many tech companies and has stimulated an intense race in Silicon Valley. In weeks, Microsoft and Google have shifted their entire corporate strategies to seize control of what they believe profitable. Microsoft is investing $10 billion in Open AI, creator of ChatGPT and Dall-E, and announced plans to integrate generative AI into its Office software and search engine. Google declared a “code red” corporate emergency in response to the success of ChatGPT and rushed its own search-oriented chatbot to market.
But this gold rush could also prove disastrous. In a winner-takes-all battle for power, these companies risk repeating past mistakes, such as prioritizing growth over safety. While there are many potentially good aspects of these new technologies, even tools designed for good can have unforeseen I and ruinous consequences. This is the story of how the gold rush began—and what history tells us about what could happen next.
8. Which of the following is the particular function of generative AI
A. Price goods. B. Build vehicles.
C. Decide ads on social media. D. Offer health suggestions.
9. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The functions of generative AI. B. The programs of generative AI.
C. People’s interest in generative AI. D. Companies’ investment in generative AI.
10. What does Microsoft plan to do
A. Shift its focus to Office software.
B. Invest in another generative AI start-up.
C. Integrate its search engine into Office software.
D. Combine generative AI with its existing products.
11. Why does the author mention the gold rush in the last paragraph
A. To emphasise the importance of history.
B. To advocate the use of new technologies.
C. To put off the development of generative AI.
D. To warn of the potential danger of generative AI.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要讨论了生成式人工智能的特定功能、公司对该技术的投资以及潜在的风险和危险性。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“While you’re reading this sentence, generative artificial intelligence programs are responding to emails, preparing tax returns, and providing health advice.(当你在读这句话的时候，生成式人工智能程序正在回复电子邮件、准备纳税申报表和提供健康建议)”可知，生成式人工智能能提供健康建议。故选D项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“This shift marks the most important technological breakthrough since social media. Generative AI tools have been adopted greedily in recent months by the public, thanks to programs like ChatGPT, which responds to virtually any question, and Dall-E, which allows you to produce any image you dream up. In January, ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users.(这一转变标志着自社交媒体以来最重要的技术突破。近几个月来，由于ChatGPT和Dall-E等程序的出现，生成式人工智能工具被公众贪婪地采用，ChatGPT几乎可以回答任何问题，Dall-E可以让你生成任何你想要的图像。今年1月，ChatGPT的月活跃用户达到1亿)”可知，本段主要讲述了人们对生成式人工智能的兴趣。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Microsoft is investing $10 billion in Open AI, creator of ChatGPT and Dall-E, and announced plans to integrate generative AI into its Office software and search engine.(微软向开发ChatGPT和Dall-E的Open AI投资100亿美元，并宣布计划将生成式人工智能整合到Office软件和搜索引擎中)”可知，微软打算将生成式人工智能整合到Office软件和搜索引擎中，即将生成式AI与现有产品相结合。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But this gold rush could also prove disastrous. In a winner-takes-all battle for power, these companies risk repeating past mistakes, such as prioritizing growth over safety. While there are many potentially good aspects of these new technologies, even tools designed for good can have unforeseen I and ruinous consequences. This is the story of how the gold rush began—and what history tells us about what could happen next.(但这种淘金热也可能是灾难性的。在一场赢者通吃的权力之战中，这些公司可能会重复过去的错误，比如将增长置于安全之上。虽然这些新技术有许多潜在的优点，但即使是为好的目的而设计的工具也可能产生不可预见的破坏性后果。这是淘金热如何开始的故事，以及历史告诉我们接下来会发生什么)”可知，作者在最后一段提到淘金热，是为了警告生成式人工智能的潜在危险。故选D项。
D
Scientists Kirsty Graham and Catherine Hobaiter have spent hundreds of hours interpreting the gestures of humans’ closest relatives. In a recently published paper, Graham and Hobaiter provide convincing evidence that humans can make a good guess of the meanings of great ape (猿) gestures.
In the study, 17,000 participants were shown 20 short videos of apes making gestures and asked to decide which of four possible answers described each gesture’s meaning. If people had no idea what the apes were doing, they would be right 25 percent of the time by chance. But when watching videos of wild apes raising an arm or striking various poses, they understood the animals’ language far more often than would be expected by chance. The average score was slightly above 50 percent, a statistically strong result, given the study’s size. The finding suggests that humans still have some grasp of this ancestral vocabulary.
Why humans may understand the ape gestures remains to be discovered. One possibility is that all great apes, including humans, inherit (继承) a common set of gestures. Another is that humans and other great apes share the ability to use body movements as communication tools. A third explanation is that the similarity in body shape among humans and other great apes, combined with humans’ cognitive (认知的) abilities, makes it easy for people to infer meaning from ape movements.
The study itself still has its own value as a teaching tool. Engaging so many people with this research has benefits beyond science. It makes us understand that we are so dose to our closest relatives. It’s a win for conservation. It’s a win for showing how important it is to keep these guys in our minds, to protect them and to save them.
12. How did the researches tell whether participants can interpret the ape gestures
A. By interviewing them. B. By analysing their accuracy rate.
C. By comparing their vocabularies. D. By observing their guessing process.
13. What can we know about humans and other great apes from paragraph 3
A. Their living habits are similar
B. Their body structures are the same.
C. They can communicate with body language.
D. They both have high level of cognitive abilities.
14. What does the author say about the further value of the study
A. It boosts the popularity of the great apes. B. It encourages people to get close to nature.
C. It promotes the protection of the great apes. D. It teaches people to use ape gestures as a tool
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Humans Need to Protect the Great Apes.
B Humans Need to Understand the Great Apes.
C. Humans Can Use the Ape Gestures to Communicate.
D. Humans Can Comprehend the Meaning of the Ape Gestures.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述研究证明人类可以很好地猜测类人猿手势的含义。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“In the study, 17,000 participants were shown 20 short videos of apes making gestures and asked to decide which of four possible answers described each gesture’s meaning. If people had no idea what the apes were doing, they would be right 25 percent of the time by chance. But when watching videos of wild apes raising an arm or striking various poses, they understood the animals’ language far more often than would be expected by chance. The average score was slightly above 50 percent, a statistically strong result, given the study’s size. The finding suggests that humans still have some grasp of this ancestral vocabulary. (在这项研究中，1.7万名参与者观看了20段猿做手势的短视频，并被要求从四个可能的答案中选择哪个描述了每个手势的含义。如果人们不知道类人猿在做什么，他们的正确率只有25%。但是，当观看野生猿类举起手臂或摆出各种姿势的视频时，他们理解动物语言的频率远远超过了偶然的预期。平均得分略高于50%，考虑到这项研究的规模，这在统计学上是一个很好的结果。这一发现表明，人类仍然掌握着这些祖先的词汇。)”可知研究人员通过分析参与者的准确率来判断他们是否理解类人猿的，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Another is that humans and other great apes share the ability to use body movements as communication tools. (另一种解释是，人类和其他类人猿都有使用肢体动作作为交流工具的能力。)”可知人类和其他类人猿都可以用肢体语言交流。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It makes us understand that we are so dose to our closest relatives. It’s a win for conservation. It’s a win for showing how important it is to keep these guys in our minds, to protect them and to save them. (它让我们明白，我们对最亲近的亲人是如此的依赖。这是环境保护的胜利。这是一场胜利，它展示了把这些家伙记在心里、保护它们、拯救它们是多么重要。)”可推断作者认为这项研究的进一步价值是它促进了类人猿的保护。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其文章第一段“Scientists Kirsty Graham and Catherine Hobaiter have spent hundreds of hours interpreting the gestures of humans’ closest relatives. In a recently published paper, Graham and Hobaiter provide convincing evidence that humans can make a good guess of the meanings of great ape (猿) gestures. (科学家Kirsty Graham和Catherine Hobaiter花了数百个小时来解释人类近亲的手势。在最近发表的一篇论文中，Graham和Hobaiter提供了令人信服的证据，证明人类可以很好地猜测类人猿手势的含义。)”可知文章主要讲述研究证明人类可以很好地猜测类人猿手势的含义。故选D。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Arrange Your Poems for a Poetry Collection
A collection of poems is an excellent way to display your work. Here are a few tips on how to arrange your poems for a poetry collection.
Find a unifying theme or form. Many successful poetry collections will present a unified theme and include poems that speak to this theme. ____16____. For example, if you realize many of your poems discuss nature, you can use nature as the theme and ensure each poem relates to this theme. You may also notice that many of your poems follow a specific poetic form, such as the cinquain or the haiku.____17____.
Have a narrative are (叙事弧). The collection should feel like it has a beginning, middle, and end. You should start somewhere and end up somewhere else.____18____. It may end with a resolution of some kind or a conclusion. Think about how each poem sets a certain mood or tone. Then place them side by side.
Link certain poems together. You can also try linking your poems together so they make sense on a micro level. This is often done with poems that feel more emotional and abstract.____19____. For example, you may combine several poems based on a repeated line or an image they all share.
____20____. Like the first line of a novel, the first poem in your collection is crucial. It will tell your readers what they can expect from the collection and attract them to continue reading. So remember to have your most powerful poem as the first poem in your collection.
A. Identify your favorite poems
B. Put your strongest poem first
C. Leave out poems that do not fit with the whole
D. You may connect poems based on wording or images
E. This will allow readers to connect to the collection as a whole
F. The goal should be to take the reader on an emotional journey
G. Then you can use this form as the unifier and only include poems using this form
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了如何为诗集编排你的诗歌。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Many successful poetry collections will present a unified theme and include poems that speak to this theme.(许多成功的诗集都会呈现一个统一的主题，并包括与这个主题相关的诗歌)”，后文则是开始举例子，所以空处应是对前文的进一步说明或者解释，所以E项“This will allow readers to connect to the collection as a whole(这将使读者能够将藏书作为一个整体联系起来)”符合文意，是对前文的解释，为什么这么做，故选E项。
【17题详解】
分析设空，位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“You may also notice that many of your poems follow a specific poetic form, such as the cinquain or the haiku.(你可能还会注意到，你的许多诗都遵循一种特定的诗歌形式，比如五韵诗或俳句)”可知，G项“Then you can use this form as the unifier and only include poems using this form(然后你可以用这种形式作为统一词，只收录使用这种形式的诗歌)”符合文意，是对前文的总结，其中form为同词复现。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Have a narrative are (叙事弧). The collection should feel like it has a beginning, middle, and end. You should start somewhere and end up somewhere else.(有叙事性。这个集合应该有开头、中间和结尾。你应该在某个地方开始，在另一个地方结束)”以及后文“It may end with a resolution of some kind or a conclusion. Think about how each poem sets a certain mood or tone. Then place them side by side.(它可能以某种解决方案或结论结束。想想每首诗是如何设定某种情绪或语气的。然后把它们并排放置)”可知，空处应是过渡句，由诗集的布局到诗歌的情绪，所以F项“The goal should be to take the reader on an emotional journey(目标应该是带领读者踏上一段情感之旅)”符合文意，是对前文进一步说明，并引出下文。故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据本段小标题“Link certain poems together.(把某些诗连在一起)”以及后文“For example, you may combine several poems based on a repeated line or an image they all share.(例如，你可以结合几首诗基于重复的诗句或他们都共享的图像)”可知，本段讲述如何把诗歌连接在一起，根据后文的举例，可以由图像连接，所以D项“You may connect poems based on wording or images(你可以根据文字或图像来连接诗歌)”符合文意。故选D项。
【20题详解】
分析设空，空处应是本段的小标题，是对本段的高度概括，根据后文“Like the first line of a novel, the first poem in your collection is crucial. It will tell your readers what they can expect from the collection and attract them to continue reading. So remember to have your most powerful poem as the first poem in your collection.(就像小说的第一行一样，你收藏的第一首诗是至关重要的。它会告诉你的读者他们能从这本书中得到什么，并吸引他们继续阅读。所以记得把你最有力的诗作为你诗集的第一首诗)”可知，本段主要讲述了第一首诗的重要性，所以B项“Put your strongest poem first(把你最精彩的诗放在第一位)”符合文意。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last day in Faro, I went for a walk along the mountainside of the little farming town. During my days up in the hills, I ____21____ saw another person. It’s such a ____22____ to my days in Los Angeles, where the streets are ____23____, and the air is filled with smog and pollution. I ____24____ past another little farm and heard cows mooing. I stood up as high as possible to see their cute faces. I started to ____25____ having a farm one day. I often thought about getting away from the ____26____ and learning how to Live off the land, which would bring me a lot of ____27____.
As I walked next to the road on my way back, I ____28____ several orange trees off to the side. The abundance of oranges in rural areas was a ____29____ sight. It ____30____ me of how much better the world would be if we let the ____31____ do its thing and grow abundantly.
To end the day at sunset, I sat on a chair in front of the house and ____32____ the hillside again. I tried to take a picture in my mind so I’d always ____33____. I must ____34____ I took out my phone and took a few photos as well. Maybe I’m not as “off the grid” as many environmentalists are; my phone is often ____35____.
21. A. barely B. usually C. frequently D. regularly
22. A. damage B. contrast C. similarity D. contribution
23. A. clean B. broad C. quiet D. crowded
24. A. skipped B. walked C. drove D. rode
25. A. give up B. put off C. worry about D. fantasize about
26. A. city B. farm C. hill D. village
27. A. food B. money C. peace D. anxiety
28. A. cut B. bought C. spotted D. planted
29. A. sweet B. strange C. regular D. depressing
30. A. informed B. reminded C. accused D. warned
31. A. cow B. town C. valley D. land
32. A. drew B. visited C. observed D. climbed
33. A. watch B. compare C. remember D. anticipate
34. A. know B. admit C. complain D. forget
35. A. nearby B. unfashionable C. unavailable D. exceptional
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者在法鲁的最后一天的游历见闻，想要记住美丽的自然风光。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在山上的日子里，我几乎没见过其他人。A. barely几乎没有；B. usually通常；C. frequently经常；D. regularly有规律地。根据后文“It’s such a 　　　　2　　　　 to my days in Los Angeles, where the streets are 　　　3　　　　　”可知，作者把在山上的生活和洛杉矶作对比，根据实际洛杉矶人很多，所以此处是几乎没见过其他人。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这与我在洛杉矶的日子形成了鲜明的对比，那里的街道拥挤，空气中充满了烟雾和污染。A. damage损坏；B. contrast对比；C. similarity相似性；D. contribution贡献。根据后文“my days in Los Angeles”，可知此处是作者把山上的日子和在洛杉矶的日子作对比。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这与我在洛杉矶的日子形成了鲜明的对比，那里的街道拥挤，空气中充满了烟雾和污染。A. clean干净的；B. broad广泛的；C. quiet安静的；D. crowded拥挤的。根据前文“It’s such a 　　　　2　　　　 to my days in Los Angeles”可知，此处是和在洛杉矶的日子作对比，根据常识可知洛杉矶的街道是拥挤的。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走过另一个小农场，听到奶牛在哞哞叫。A. skipped跳过；B. walked步行；C. drove驾驶；D. rode骑。根据前文“I went for a walk along the mountainside of the little farming town.”可知，作者是走过另一个小农场。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始幻想有一天能拥有一个农场。A. give up放弃；B. put off推迟；C. worry about担心；D. fantasize about幻想。根据后文“I often thought about getting away from the 　　　　6　　　　 and learning how to Live off the land”可知，作者是幻想有一天能拥有一个农场学习如何在土地上生活。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经常想离开城市，学习如何在土地上生活，这会给我带来很多安宁。A. city城市；B. farm农场；C. hill小山；D. village村庄。根据后文“learning how to Live off the land”可知，作者想学习如何在土地上生活，所以是远离城市。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经常想离开城市，学习如何在土地上生活，这会给我带来很多安宁。A. food食物；B. money钱；C. peace宁静；D. anxiety焦虑。根据前文“learning how to Live off the land, which would bring me”可知，作者想学习如何在土地上生活，结合语境和实际，应是这能给作者带来安宁。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：回来的路上，我沿着大路走着，看见路边有几棵橘子树。A. cut切下；B. bought购买；C. spotted看见；D. planted种植。根据后文“The abundance of oranges in rural areas was a 　　　　9　　　　 sight.”可知，橘子树是农村的风景，所以是看到橘子树。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：农村地区橙子的丰收是一幅美妙的景象。A. sweet惹人喜爱的；B. strange奇怪的；C. regular定期的；D. depressing令人沮丧的。根据后文“It 　　　　10　　　　 me of how much better the world would be”可知，这个景象让作者觉得这个世界是多么美好，所以是美妙的景象。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它提醒我，如果我们让土地做它自己的事，让它茁壮成长，这个世界将会变得多么美好。A. informed通知；B. reminded提醒；C. accused控告；D. warned警告。根据前文“The abundance of oranges in rural areas was a 　　　　9　　　　 sight.”可知，应是美妙的景象提醒作者世界是多么美好。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它提醒我，如果我们让土地做它自己的事，让它茁壮成长，这个世界将会变得多么美好。A. cow奶牛；B. town城镇；C. valley山谷；D. land土地。根据前文“how to Live off the land”可知，应是让土地做它自己的事。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：日落时分，我坐在屋前的椅子上，再次眺望山坡，结束了一天的时光。A. drew描画；B. visited访问；C. observed观察；D. climbed爬。根据后文“I tried to take a picture in my mind”可知，作者试着在脑海里拍张照片，所以是在眺望山坡。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试着在脑海里拍一张照片，这样我就能永远记住。A. watch观看；B. compare比较；C. remember记得；D. anticipate预期。根据前文“I tried to take a picture in my mind”可知，作者试着在脑海里拍张照片，是为了永远记住。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须承认我也拿出手机拍了几张照片。A. know知道；B. admit承认；C. complain抱怨；D. forget忘记。根据后文“Maybe I’m not as “off the grid” as many environmentalists are”可知，作者没有脱离网络，所以是承认用手机拍照。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许我不像许多环保主义者那样“脱离网络”；我的手机经常在附近。A. nearby附近的；B. unfashionable过时的；C. unavailable不可用的；D. exceptional异常的。根据前文“Maybe I’m not as “off the grid” as many environmentalists are”可知，作者没有脱离网络，所以他的手机经常在附近。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sam is an English teacher from Canada. He has long wanted to experience the most authentic ___36___ (custom) in different regions, Sam made his dream come true in Qufu, best known ___37___ the birthplace of Confucius.
He travelled to Qufu with his friend, who returned to his hometown ____38____ (celebrate) the Spring Festival. The two went to the well-known former residence of Confucius, where a series of folk activities unique to Shandong were held. There was someone ___39___ (write) Spring Festival couplets (春联) and selling local cuisines, which is exactly ___40___ he imagined the Spring Festival to look like.
Yet for him, what he feels the most is the ____41____ (passionate) from friends and family members after arriving at his friend’s hometown in the countryside. People usually prepare many dishes during the Spring Festival, after which everyone sits around a table ___42___ hands out red envelopes to the young ones.
According to his understanding, every custom of the Spring Festival tends to gather people to do one thing together at the same time, which is ___43___ (complete) different from the New Year, where people say goodbye to ____44____ old and welcome the new. Here, the very custom of the Spring Festival ____45____ (point) to one idea - reunion.
【答案】36. customs 37. as
38. to celebrate
39. writing
40. what 41. passion
42. and pletely
44. the 45. points
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Sam去曲阜过春节的体验和感受。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：他一直想体验不同地区最真实的风俗，山姆在曲阜实现了他的梦想，曲阜以孔子的出生地而闻名。custom意为“习俗”为可数名词，由空后in different regions可知，习俗不止一个，应用复数形式。故填customs。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：他一直想体验不同地区最真实的风俗，山姆在曲阜实现了他的梦想，曲阜以孔子的出生地而闻名。根据句意可知，此处是固定搭配known as意为“以……而闻名”。故填as。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他和他的朋友一起去曲阜旅行，他的朋友回到家乡过春节。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词returned，所以celebrate用非谓语形式，此处表目的，应用动词不定式。故填to celebrate。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：有人写春联，卖地方菜，这正是他想象中的春节的样子。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词was，所以write用非谓语形式，根据后文的and可知，空处和selling并列，应用现在分词。故填writing。
【40题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：有人写春联，卖地方菜，这正是他想象中的春节的样子。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代“他想象的东西”，应用what引导。故填what。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：但对他来说，最让他感触最深的是来到朋友的家乡后，来自朋友和家人的热情。此处作表语，表示“热情”，应用名词passion。故填passion。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：人们通常在春节期间准备许多菜肴，之后每个人都围坐在桌子旁，给年轻人发红包。分析句子结构可知，“sits around a table”和“hands out red envelopes to the young ones”两句是并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：根据他的理解，春节的每一种习俗都倾向于把人们聚集在一起，在同一时间做一件事，这与新年完全不同，人们告别旧，迎接新的。此处空后的形容词different ，应用副词，作状语。故填completely。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：根据他的理解，春节的每一种习俗都倾向于把人们聚集在一起，在同一时间做一件事，这与新年完全不同，人们辞旧迎新。根据and可知，空处和后文的the new并列，应用定冠词the，the old指“过去的日子”。故填the。
【45题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在这里，春节的习俗指向一个想法——团聚。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以point作本句谓语，描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是custom，为第三人称单数。故填points。
第三节 单词拼写(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分)
请根据句子意思和中文提示完成下列句子，每空只填一个单词，请将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上
46. I ______ (计算、核算) that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】calculated
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我计算出我正在以每分钟几百年的速度穿越时间。分析句子结构可知，本句是that引导的宾语从句，主句缺少谓语动词，所以空处填动词，根据所给中文提示词，应用动词calculate，根据后文的was可知，应用一般过去时。故填calculated。
47. Visitors can ______ (赞助) an elephant to preserve its health and liberty. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】sponsor
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：游客可以赞助大象来保护它的健康和自由。分析句子结构可知，空前是情态动词，所以空处应填动词原形，根据所给中文提示词应是sponsor意为“赞助”。故填sponsor。
48. Chen Wei had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone ______ (尖叫，呼啸) from another table. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】screaming
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。陈伟的晚餐被另一桌的尖叫声打断了。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词scream，本句已有谓语动词heard，所以scream用非谓语形式，和它的逻辑主语someone之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式，作宾语补足语。故填screaming。
49. You can convey a strong picture or a certain ______ (心情) in a few words. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】mood
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你可以用几句话传达一幅强烈的画面或一种特定的情绪。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据所给中文提示词，应是mood意为“心情”。故填mood。
50. An opinion is a ______ (主观) statement. An opinion is what you believe, often using phrases like “I think/believe”, “in my opinion”, “to me”, and so on. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】subjective
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：观点是主观性的陈述。观点是你所相信的东西，经常使用诸如“我认为/相信”，“在我看来”，“对我来说”等短语表达。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据所给中文提示词，应是subjective意为“主观的”。故填subjective。
51. I get ______ (恢复精力) through climbing, spend more time with my dad, and get to meet new friends. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】 refreshed
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我在攀爬过程中恢复精力，花更多的时间和爸爸在一起，并结识新朋友。“恢复精力”应该用动词refresh表示；设空处接在系动词get后，表被动意义，应用过去分词形式，根据汉语提示，故填refreshed。
52. For a humble person, one of the hardest things might be to ______ (批评，指责) other people. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】criticize
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：对于一个谦虚的人来说，最难的事情之一可能是批评别人。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处应用动词原形criticize，空前to是不定式符号，应用动词原形。故填criticize。
53. To prevent harmful habits like these from ______________ (统治，支配) a teenager’s life is essential. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】dominating
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：防止这些坏习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。根据所给中文提示词，应是dominate意为“统治，支配”，在介词from后用动名词形式作宾语。故填dominating。
54. An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have _________(饿死) and died. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】starved
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从它尸体的位置看，这只熊显现是饥饿而死的。根据汉语提示“饿死”及前文to have可知，此处应用动词starve的过去分词构成不定式的完成式。故填starved。
55. The dog has been ______ (吠叫) for a while. Let’s walk her in the garden. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】barking
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：狗已经叫了一会儿了。我们在花园里遛她吧。分析句子结构，根据所给中文提示词，应是bark意为“吠叫”，根据时间状语for a while以及句意可知，用现在完成进行时，所以空处填现在分词形式。故填barking。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
56. 假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry来参加你校下周将要举办的“中国文化周”活动。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动内容；
3. 期待回复。
注意： 1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
Dear Henry,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Henry,
Knowing that you are fascinated by diverse cultures, I’m exceedingly delighted to invite you to the upcoming event, Chinese Culture Week.
This cultural event is scheduled to be held in the Art Building from September 21st to 25th, which will last for a week. Aimed at promoting Chinese culture and enrich students’ life, various activities will be arranged, including lectures on Chinese festivals, exhibitions of Chinese artworks, Beijing Opera performances and solving lantern riddles. By participating in these activities, not only will you have fun with students, but you will be offered a golden chance to further explore our culture.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Henry写封邮件，邀请他参加你校将举办的中国传统文化周。
【详解】1.词汇积累
各种各样的：diverse→varieties of
非常：exceedingly→exceptionally
高兴的：delighted→pleased
参加：participate in→take part in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Aimed at promoting Chinese culture and enrich students’ life, various activities will be arranged, including lectures on Chinese festivals, exhibitions of Chinese artworks, Beijing Opera performances and solving lantern riddles.
拓展句：Various activities which are aimed at promoting Chinese culture and enrich students’ life will be arranged, including lectures on Chinese festivals, exhibitions of Chinese artworks, Beijing Opera performances and solving lantern riddles.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing that you are fascinated by diverse cultures, I’m exceedingly delighted to invite you to the upcoming event, Chinese Culture Week. (运用了现在分词作状和that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] This cultural event is scheduled to be held in the Art Building from September 21st to 25th, which will last for a week. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Many years ago, a little boy named Antonio lived in Italy with his grandfather, who was a stonecutter. He liked to go with his grandfather to the stone yard. While his grandfather was busy cutting the stone blocks, Antonio would play among the chips. Sometimes he would make a small statue out of soft clay; sometimes, he would try to cut a statue from a piece of rock. Antonio showed so much skill that his grandfather was delighted. “The boy will be a sculptor someday.”
There lived in the same town a rich man called Count. Sometimes Count would have a grand dinner, and his rich friends from other towns would come to visit him. Then Antonio’s grandfather would go up to Count’s house to help with the work in the kitchen, for he was a fine cook as well as a good stone cutter.
One day, Antonio went with his grandfather to Count’s great house. Some people from the city were coming and there was to be a grand feast. The boy could not cook and was not old enough to wait on the table. But he could wash the pans and kettles, and as he was smart and quick, he could help in many other ways.
All went well until it was time to spread the table for dinner. Suddenly, there was a crash in the dining room, and a man rushed into the Kitchen with some pieces of marble (大理石) in his hands. He was pale and shaking with fright.
“What shall I do What shall I do ” he cried “I have broken the statue that was to stand at the centre of the table. I cannot make the table look pretty without the statue. What will Count say ” And now all the other servants were in trouble. Count would be very angry.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then little Antonio went up to the man who had caused the trouble.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When the guests came in for dinner, the first thing they saw was the yellow lion cut of butter.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Then little Antonio went up to the man who had caused the trouble. “If you had another statue, could you arrange the table ” he asked. “Certainly,” said the man. On the kitchen table, there was a large square lump of butter. With a kitchen knife in his hand, Antonio began to cut and carve this butter. In a few minutes, he made it into the shape of a crouching lion. All the servants crowded around to see it. “How beautiful!” they cried. And the man felt relieved.
When the guests came in for dinner, the first thing they saw was the yellow lion cut of butter. “What a beautiful statue!” they shouted. They were all amazed at the statue. And then, they asked Count to tell them the name of the artist. Count asked the head servant where he had found so wonderful a statue. “It was carved only an hour ago by a little boy,” said the servant. The very next day, Count sent for Antonio to come and live with him. The best artists were employed to teach him the art. In a few years, Antonio became one of the greatest sculptors in the world.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Antonio从小有雕刻的天赋，一天他到一位名叫Count的家里帮忙，一位仆人不小心打碎了立在桌子中央的雕像，Antonio用黄油雕刻一座黄油狮子代替，Count和客人对他的黄油狮子赞不绝口，Count更是把Antonio接来和自己住，并请了最好的艺术家教他，最终Antonio成为世界上最伟大的雕塑家之一。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后小安东尼奥走到那个制造麻烦的人面前。”可知，第一段可描写Antonio用黄油雕刻成黄油狮子代替被打碎的雕像。
②由第二段首句内容“当客人进来吃饭时，他们首先看到的是一块黄色的黄油狮子。”可知，第二段可描写Count和客人对黄油狮子赞不绝口，Count更是培养Antonio成为世界上最伟大的雕塑家之一。
2. 续写线索：提出帮忙——用黄油雕刻成狮子——客人和Count看到黄油狮子——赞不绝口——询问是谁雕刻——Count培养Antonio。
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①雕刻：carve/engrave/sculpt
②喊叫：cry/shout/call out
③雇佣：employ/engage/hire
情绪类
①松了一口气：relieved/released/relaxed
②吃惊的：amazed/surprised/astonished
【点睛】[高分句型1]If you had another statue, could you arrange the table (if引导的条件状语从句)
[高分句型2]Count asked the head servant where he had found so wonderful a statue.(where引导的宾语从句)2022学年第二学期期末教学质量测
高二英语试题
本试卷满分130分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写学校、班级、姓名、试室号、座位号及准考证号，并用2B铅笔填涂准考证号。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2. 全部答案必须在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。
3. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。
4. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上;如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域;不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
5. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Parks Canada, which manages nearly 11,000 campsites, says it has had six years of record-setting demand for camping reservations, and is expecting interest to be even higher this year.
Experienced campers at some of Canada’s top campgrounds know that time is of the essence if you’re looking to book, especially if you’re in pursuit of the country’s top campgrounds, such as Prince Albert National Park. Here’s everything you need to know to get your favourite spot for summer.
Make a new account before reservations open
Parks Canada has adopted a new reservation system. Your old Parks Canada account can’t be accessed anymore, so you will need to create a new account. Campers can make their new account ahead of time. Parks Canada has created a step-by-step guide to help you make a new account.
Make a note of the date your favourite campgrounds open for reservations
Parks Canada is using staggered (错开) reservation dates for campgrounds. This means you may need to try for the front of the queue on more than one day if you’re hoping to obtain sites at more than one campground this summer. You can only have up to five campsites at a time in your shopping cart before being forced to check out. Reservations are open from March 13 to March 31.
Don’t forget: A Parks Canada campsite reservation doesn’t include the cost of daily admission to the park. Campers can pay the park admission fee when making their reservation, upon arrival to the park, or by purchasing a pass. Visitors under 17 years of age or newcomers to Canada get free entry.
1. What is essential to book the country’s top campsites
A. Time. B. Money. C. Membership. D. Guidance.
2. What should you do if you hope to reserve over one campground
A. Purchase a pass. B. Access an old account.
C. Queue respectively. D. Check out immediately.
3. What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A. To introduce popular campgrounds. B. To encourage campsite reservations.
C. To remind tourists of entry fee policies. D. To inform tourists of reservation open dates.
B
It’s said that every person on the planet somewhere has a twin. Some years back, I met mine. His name is Allan Ripp. We met nearly 30 years ago through our respective jobs and hit it off right away. But we largely lost touch with each other until I was laid off from my job in the financial crisis of 2008 and he seriously considered hiring me.
Work brought us back together again about five years ago. And we’ve since become friends. Thanks only to our current go-round, I discovered our many similarities. Our most striking similarities are physical. Allan is five-foot-eleven; I’m five-ten. He weighs 150 lbs, and I155 lbs. A million men around the globe might fit this description. But our similarity extends to our professions as well. Allan started his career as a journalist, and so did I. He has practised full-time public relations for 36 years, I for 31. We are both writers.
But now, the probability of having such a double narrows considerably as other coincidences (巧合) emerge. We both grew up in Northeastern communities, played basketball since childhood and lived most of our lives in New York. Once we talk about family, this whole mirror image business gets strange. Allan and his wife have a son and a daughter, and so do my family. Moreover, both his daughter and my daughter married a man born and raised in Italy. So my double and I both have an Italian son-in-law.
As it turns out, my carbon copy and I have almost identical priorities. We advise each other on career moves and share industry information. We cheer for each other’s achievements. He treats me like he cares about my success more than his own.
The universe might be sending me a message that my double is a model worth following. Maybe he is who I could be if only I could do just a little better.
4. What do the underlined words “hit it off” mean
A. Liked each other. B. Had an argument.
C. Found similarities. D. Became old friends.
5. What laid the foundation for the author’s friendship with Allan
A. Work. B. Hobby. C. Family. D. Appearance.
6. What similarities does the author introduce in paragraph 3
A. Profession and family. B. Background and family.
C. Profession and marriage. D. Background and marriage.
7. How does the author feel about having such a carbon copy
A. Regretful. B. Grateful. C. Astonished. D. Embarrassed.
C
To create is human. For the past 300,000 years, we’ve been unique in our ability to make art, cuisine, and societies to imagine and create something new where there was nothing before. Now we have company. While you’re reading this sentence, generative artificial intelligence programs are responding to emails, preparing tax returns, and providing health advice.
Artificial intelligence has already had a wide impact on our lives. AIs have been used to price medicine and houses, assemble (组装) cars, determine what ads we see on social media. But generative AI, which can create wholly novel content, is much newer.
Supporters believe this is just the beginning, that generative AI will change the way we work and engage with the world, unlock creativity and scientific discoveries, and allow human beings to achieve previously unimaginable goals.
This shift marks the most important technological breakthrough since social media. Generative AI tools have been adopted greedily in recent months by the public, thanks to programs like ChatGPT, which responds to virtually any question, and Dall-E, which allows you to produce any image you dream up. In January, ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users.
This craze caught off guard many tech companies and has stimulated an intense race in Silicon Valley. In weeks, Microsoft and Google have shifted their entire corporate strategies to seize control of what they believe profitable. Microsoft is investing $10 billion in Open AI, creator of ChatGPT and Dall-E, and announced plans to integrate generative AI into its Office software and search engine. Google declared a “code red” corporate emergency in response to the success of ChatGPT and rushed its own search-oriented chatbot to market.
But this gold rush could also prove disastrous. In a winner-takes-all battle for power, these companies risk repeating past mistakes, such as prioritizing growth over safety. While there are many potentially good aspects of these new technologies, even tools designed for good can have unforeseen I and ruinous consequences. This is the story of how the gold rush began—and what history tells us about what could happen next.
8. Which of the following is the particular function of generative AI
A. Price goods. B. Build vehicles.
C. Decide ads on social media. D. Offer health suggestions.
9. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The functions of generative AI. B. The programs of generative AI.
C. People’s interest in generative AI. D. Companies’ investment in generative AI.
10. What does Microsoft plan to do
A. Shift its focus to Office software.
B. Invest in another generative AI start-up.
C. Integrate its search engine into Office software.
D. Combine generative AI with its existing products.
11. Why does the author mention the gold rush in the last paragraph
A. To emphasise the importance of history.
B. To advocate the use of new technologies.
C. To put off the development of generative AI.
D. To warn of the potential danger of generative AI.
D
Scientists Kirsty Graham and Catherine Hobaiter have spent hundreds of hours interpreting the gestures of humans’ closest relatives. In a recently published paper, Graham and Hobaiter provide convincing evidence that humans can make a good guess of the meanings of great ape (猿) gestures.
In the study, 17,000 participants were shown 20 short videos of apes making gestures and asked to decide which of four possible answers described each gesture’s meaning. If people had no idea what the apes were doing, they would be right 25 percent of the time by chance. But when watching videos of wild apes raising an arm or striking various poses, they understood the animals’ language far more often than would be expected by chance. The average score was slightly above 50 percent, a statistically strong result, given the study’s size. The finding suggests that humans still have some grasp of this ancestral vocabulary.
Why humans may understand the ape gestures remains to be discovered. One possibility is that all great apes, including humans, inherit (继承) a common set of gestures. Another is that humans and other great apes share the ability to use body movements as communication tools. A third explanation is that the similarity in body shape among humans and other great apes, combined with humans’ cognitive (认知的) abilities, makes it easy for people to infer meaning from ape movements.
The study itself still has its own value as a teaching tool. Engaging so many people with this research has benefits beyond science. It makes us understand that we are so dose to our closest relatives. It’s a win for conservation. It’s a win for showing how important it is to keep these guys in our minds, to protect them and to save them.
12. How did the researches tell whether participants can interpret the ape gestures
A. By interviewing them. B. By analysing their accuracy rate.
C. By comparing their vocabularies. D. By observing their guessing process.
13. What can we know about humans and other great apes from paragraph 3
A Their living habits are similar
B. Their body structures are the same.
C. They can communicate with body language.
D. They both have high level of cognitive abilities.
14. What does the author say about the further value of the study
A. It boosts the popularity of the great apes. B. It encourages people to get close to nature.
C. It promotes the protection of the great apes. D. It teaches people to use ape gestures as a tool
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Humans Need to Protect the Great Apes.
B. Humans Need to Understand the Great Apes.
C. Humans Can Use the Ape Gestures to Communicate.
D. Humans Can Comprehend the Meaning of the Ape Gestures.
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Arrange Your Poems for a Poetry Collection
A collection of poems is an excellent way to display your work. Here are a few tips on how to arrange your poems for a poetry collection.
Find a unifying theme or form. Many successful poetry collections will present a unified theme and include poems that speak to this theme. ____16____. For example, if you realize many of your poems discuss nature, you can use nature as the theme and ensure each poem relates to this theme. You may also notice that many of your poems follow a specific poetic form, such as the cinquain or the haiku.____17____.
Have a narrative are (叙事弧). The collection should feel like it has a beginning, middle, and end. You should start somewhere and end up somewhere else.____18____. It may end with a resolution of some kind or a conclusion. Think about how each poem sets a certain mood or tone. Then place them side by side.
Link certain poems together. You can also try linking your poems together so they make sense on a micro level. This is often done with poems that feel more emotional and abstract.____19____. For example, you may combine several poems based on a repeated line or an image they all share.
____20____. Like the first line of a novel, the first poem in your collection is crucial. It will tell your readers what they can expect from the collection and attract them to continue reading. So remember to have your most powerful poem as the first poem in your collection.
A. Identify your favorite poems
B. Put your strongest poem first
C. Leave out poems that do not fit with the whole
D. You may connect poems based on wording or images
E. This will allow readers to connect to the collection as a whole
F. The goal should be to take the reader on an emotional journey
G. Then you can use this form as the unifier and only include poems using this form
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last day in Faro, I went for a walk along the mountainside of the little farming town. During my days up in the hills, I ____21____ saw another person. It’s such a ____22____ to my days in Los Angeles, where the streets are ____23____, and the air is filled with smog and pollution. I ____24____ past another little farm and heard cows mooing. I stood up as high as possible to see their cute faces. I started to ____25____ having a farm one day. I often thought about getting away from the ____26____ and learning how to Live off the land, which would bring me a lot of ____27____.
As I walked next to the road on my way back, I ____28____ several orange trees off to the side. The abundance of oranges in rural areas was a ____29____ sight. It ____30____ me of how much better the world would be if we let the ____31____ do its thing and grow abundantly.
To end the day at sunset, I sat on a chair in front of the house and ____32____ the hillside again. I tried to take a picture in my mind so I’d always ____33____. I must ____34____ I took out my phone and took a few photos as well. Maybe I’m not as “off the grid” as many environmentalists are; my phone is often ____35____.
21. A. barely B. usually C. frequently D. regularly
22. A. damage B. contrast C. similarity D. contribution
23. A. clean B. broad C. quiet D. crowded
24. A. skipped B. walked C. drove D. rode
25. A. give up B. put off C. worry about D. fantasize about
26. A. city B. farm C. hill D. village
27. A. food B. money C. peace D. anxiety
28. A. cut B. bought C. spotted D. planted
29. A. sweet B. strange C. regular D. depressing
30. A. informed B. reminded C. accused D. warned
31 A. cow B. town C. valley D. land
32. A. drew B. visited C. observed D. climbed
33 A. watch B. compare C. remember D. anticipate
34. A. know B. admit C. complain D. forget
35. A. nearby B. unfashionable C. unavailable D. exceptional
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sam is an English teacher from Canada. He has long wanted to experience the most authentic ___36___ (custom) in different regions, Sam made his dream come true in Qufu, best known ___37___ the birthplace of Confucius.
He travelled to Qufu with his friend, who returned to his hometown ____38____ (celebrate) the Spring Festival. The two went to the well-known former residence of Confucius, where a series of folk activities unique to Shandong were held. There was someone ___39___ (write) Spring Festival couplets (春联) and selling local cuisines, which is exactly ___40___ he imagined the Spring Festival to look like.
Yet for him, what he feels the most is the ____41____ (passionate) from friends and family members after arriving at his friend’s hometown in the countryside. People usually prepare many dishes during the Spring Festival, after which everyone sits around a table ___42___ hands out red envelopes to the young ones.
According to his understanding, every custom of the Spring Festival tends to gather people to do one thing together at the same time, which is ___43___ (complete) different from the New Year, where people say goodbye to ____44____ old and welcome the new. Here, the very custom of the Spring Festival ____45____ (point) to one idea - reunion.
第三节 单词拼写(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分)
请根据句子意思和中文提示完成下列句子，每空只填一个单词，请将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上
46. I ______ (计算、核算) that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47. Visitors can ______ (赞助) an elephant to preserve its health and liberty. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
48. Chen Wei had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone ______ (尖叫，呼啸) from another table. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
49. You can convey a strong picture or a certain ______ (心情) in a few words. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50. An opinion is a ______ (主观) statement. An opinion is what you believe, often using phrases like “I think/believe”, “in my opinion”, “to me”, and so on. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
51. I get ______ (恢复精力) through climbing, spend more time with my dad, and get to meet new friends. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
52. For a humble person, one of the hardest things might be to ______ (批评，指责) other people. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
53. To prevent harmful habits like these from ______________ (统治，支配) a teenager’s life is essential. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
54. An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have _________(饿死) and died. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
55. The dog has been ______ (吠叫) for a while. Let’s walk her in the garden. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
56. 假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry来参加你校下周将要举办的“中国文化周”活动。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动内容；
3. 期待回复。
注意： 1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Henry,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。
Many years ago, a little boy named Antonio lived in Italy with his grandfather, who was a stonecutter. He liked to go with his grandfather to the stone yard. While his grandfather was busy cutting the stone blocks, Antonio would play among the chips. Sometimes he would make a small statue out of soft clay; sometimes, he would try to cut a statue from a piece of rock. Antonio showed so much skill that his grandfather was delighted. “The boy will be a sculptor someday.”
There lived in the same town a rich man called Count. Sometimes Count would have a grand dinner, and his rich friends from other towns would come to visit him. Then Antonio’s grandfather would go up to Count’s house to help with the work in the kitchen, for he was a fine cook as well as a good stone cutter.
One day, Antonio went with his grandfather to Count’s great house. Some people from the city were coming and there was to be a grand feast. The boy could not cook and was not old enough to wait on the table. But he could wash the pans and kettles, and as he was smart and quick, he could help in many other ways.
All went well until it was time to spread the table for dinner. Suddenly, there was a crash in the dining room, and a man rushed into the Kitchen with some pieces of marble (大理石) in his hands. He was pale and shaking with fright.
“What shall I do What shall I do ” he cried. “I have broken the statue that was to stand at the centre of the table. I cannot make the table look pretty without the statue. What will Count say ” And now all the other servants were in trouble. Count would be very angry.
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Then little Antonio went up to the man who had caused the trouble.
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When the guests came in for dinner, the first thing they saw was the yellow lion cut of butter.
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