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（甲卷）高考英语提前冲——阅读理解 话题2 人物故事类
一、2023年真题
（2023·全国甲卷）阅读理解
Terri Boltonis a dab hand when it comes to DIY(do-it-yourself). Skillde at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day's work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money. She says: "I'm sure I wasn't much of a help to start with painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills."
Terri, who now rents abhouse with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy(租期)comes to an end. She adds: "I've moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures. So, it's been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out"
With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over the coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. The fifth wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has a traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.
1．Which is closest in meaning to "a dab hand" in paragraph 1
A．An artist. B．A winner.
C．A specialist. D．A pioneer.
2．Why did Terri's grandfather give her 5 a day
A．For a birthday gift.
B．As a treat for her work.
C．To support her DIY projects.
D．To encourage her to take up a hobby.
3．How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented
A．By making it look like before.
B．By finishing it herself.
C．By splitting the rent with a roommate.
D．By cancelling the rental agreement.
4．What trend in DIY does the research show
A．It is becoming more costly.
B．It is getting more time-consuming.
C．It is turning into a seasonal industry.
D．It is gaining popularity among females.
【答案】1．C
2．B
3．A
4．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位DIY高手Terri Boltonis的技能以及DIY项目可能会在女性群体中变成一种潮流趋势。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. "她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己能做的工作。可推知，Terri Boltonis是一位DIY高手，画线短语a dab hand是"专家"之意，故选C。
2．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day's work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money."她将这些技能归功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商Derek Lloyd。从六岁起，现年26岁的Terri就在学校放假期间陪Derek去上班。一天的工作得到了5英镑零花钱的奖励；以及"It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills. "这花了几个星期的时间，是一项艰苦的工作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄傲。可推知，Terri的祖父每天给她5英镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励。故选B。
3．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"So, it's been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out. "所以，当我搬出去时，知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用是很有用的)"可推知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。故选A。
4．考查细节理解。根据最后一段"the research shows it is women now leading the charge."研究表明，现在是女性主导了这项运动。可知，研究表明，DIY将在女性中越来越受欢迎。故选D。
二、冲刺练
（2023高三下·河南模拟）阅读理解
Alena Analeigh Wicker had an incredibly impressive list of accomplishments. She studied biological sciences at two separate universities. She is a former NASA intern and went to a medical school. At the young age of 13, she was well on her way to achieving her dreams and ambitions. She also supplied support to other young girls like her, who were interested in science and technology, and hoped that her story would serve as a source of inspiration.
Alena's mother, McQuarter, claimed that her daughter had always been exceptional and superior. She offered to be educated at home. So McQuarter homeschooled Alena during elementary school. Even after Alena returned to school in the fifth grade, she continued studying high school subjects based on a course carefully designed by her mother.
"I was bored," Alena explains. "The high school work was so easy for me that I ended up graduating from high school when I was 12. I love school; I love learning; I love reading. I have a desire to learn, and that has just always been me."
After graduation, Alena went to two separate universities, earning degrees in biological sciences from both Arizona State University and Oakwood University. And while studying for the accelerated degrees, Alena started the Brown STEM Girl Foundation, in honor of Katherine Johnson, who had been a pioneering African-American mathematician at NASA. The Foundation's target is to engage and educate girls in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM).
Alena has promoted her foundation online, "It feels amazing to be able to create a path for girls that look like me." Alena shares her tips. She says, "It doesn't matter how old you are. You can do it. Don't let anybody tell you no. I would say to any little girl out there that's reading this: Never give up on yourself and never let anyone tell you that you can't do something."
5．What do we know about McQuarter
A．She took great pride in Alena.
B．She advised Alena to study at home.
C．She ensured Alena studied at school until 12.
D．She forced Alena to learn high school subjects.
6．What is the goal of the Brown STEM Girl Foundation
A．To educate girls to go to college.
B．To expose girls to the scientific field.
C．To promote the development of science.
D．To inspire girls to become members of NASA.
7．Why does the author mention Alena's words in the last paragraph
A．To offer an apology. B．To make a request.
C．To make a suggestion. D．To offer an invitation.
8．Which words can best describe Alena
A．Honest and daring. B．Modest and generous.
C．Talented and good-looking. D．Promising and caring.
【答案】5．A
6．B
7．C
8．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物传记类；学习教育类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Alena Analeigh Wicker的一系列令人难以置信的成就。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
5．推理判断题。根据Alena's mother, McQuarter, claimed that her daughter had always been exceptional and superior. 阿莱娜的母亲麦夸特声称，她的女儿一直都是出类拔萃。可知选项 She took great pride in Alena.符合题意；故答案为A。
6．推理判断题。根据 The Foundation's target is to engage and educate girls in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). 该基金会的目标是让女孩参与并接受科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)方面的教育。可知选项To expose girls to the scientific field.（让女孩接触科学领域。）符合题意；故答案为B。
7．细节理解题。根据Alena shares her tips. She says, "It doesn't matter how old you are. You can do it. Don't let anybody tell you no. I would say to any little girl out there that's reading this: Never give up on yourself and never let anyone tell you that you can't do something." Alena分享了她的建议。她说:"你多大并不重要。你能做到的。不要让任何人对你说不。我想对任何正在读这篇文章的小女孩说:永远不要放弃自己，永远不要让任何人告诉你你成不了才。"可知 选项To make a suggestion.符合题意；故答案为C。
8．推理判断题。根据 After graduation, Alena went to two separate universities, earning degrees in biological sciences from both Arizona State University and Oakwood University. And while studying for the accelerated degrees, Alena started the Brown STEM Girl Foundation, in honor of Katherine Johnson, who had been a pioneering African-American mathematician at NASA. The Foundation's target is to engage and educate girls in Science, Technology,
Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM).毕业后，阿莱娜去了两所不同的大学，分别在亚利桑那州立大学和奥克伍德大学获得了生物科学学位。在攻读加速学位期间，阿莱娜创立了布朗STEM女孩基金会，以纪念凯瑟琳·约翰逊(Katherine Johnson)，她曾是美国宇航局(NASA)的非裔美国数学家先驱。该基金会的目标是让女孩参与并接受科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)方面的教育。可知选项Promising and caring.符合题意；故答案为D。
（2023高三下·大庆模拟）阅读理解
As the world has changed, so has education. Since 2018, Nelly Cheboi and her non-profit TechLit Africa have been bringing computer technology into schools in Kenya, helping students join the digital world, and unlock their potential. With its own software programs, curriculum（课程）and teacher training programs, this non-profit hopes to change Africa.
In 2012, Cheboi received a scholarship to College in Illinois that changed her life. She grew up in poverty in rural Kenya, watching her mother struggle to support her family alone. Cheboi had no experience with computers before moving to the US to study. She hand wrote papers and then struggled to type them out on a laptop computer. Somehow she fell in love with computer science and began a career in the field. But she did not lose sight of her origins. "As an undergraduate, I invested all of my income from various campus jobs into my community back in Kenya, "she said on the TechLit Africa website. But soon she wanted to do more for it and that is how TechLit Africa began.
Cheboi recalled how her background helped her understand how important technological knowledge could be for children living in poverty. She built a school with the idea of bringing computer science as part of kids' curriculum growing up. But she found that it was going to be really hard to impact as many people as possible, because it was so hard to fund raise. Then in order to reach more students, she introduced computer training to existing schools. Cheboi physically dragged over 40 recycled computers that had been donated to them by various tech companies to Kenya in suitcases.
Now, since the non-profit has grown, it works with various companies that help them clean the donated computers of data and send them to Africa. TechLit Africa runs its own curriculum with its own software programs in 10 Kenyan schools, and the hope is to increase to 100 throughout Africa by next year. The students love learning about computers, and in turn are gaining skills that will help them make use of their talents into a way out of poverty.
9．What has Cheboi been doing since 2018
A．Boosting her science career. B．Promoting digital education.
C．Starting a scholarship program. D．Updating the computer courses.
10．What inspired Cheboi to set up TechLit Africa
A．Her love for computer science.
B．Her desire to help her hometown.
C．Her dream of supporting her family.
D．Her childhood experience in the US.
11．What do we know about Cheboi from Paragraph 3
A．She hopes to help more kids.
B．She plans to build new schools.
C．She seeks to develop new courses.
D．She calls for donations of computers.
12．Which of the following can best describe Cheboi
A．Sensitive. B．Devoted. C．Considerate. D．Cooperative.
【答案】9．B
10．B
11．A
12．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了一个名叫Cheboi和她所创立的非营利性组织。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话“Since 2018, Nelly Cheboi and her non-profit TechLit Africa have been bringing computer technology into schools in Kenya, helping students join the digital world, and unlock their potential自2018年以来，Nelly Cheboi和她的非营利组织TechLit Africa一直在将计算机技术带入肯尼亚的学校，帮助学生加入数字世界，并释放他们的潜力 ”，可知自2018年Cheboi一直致力于推动数码教育，故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据"As an undergraduate, I invested all of my income from various campus jobs into my community back in Kenya, "she said on the TechLit Africa website. But soon she wanted to do more for it and that is how TechLit Africa began她在TechLit Africa网站上说:“作为一名大学生，我把在校园里各种工作的收入全部投入到肯尼亚的社区。”但很快，她想为它做更多的事情，这就是TechLit Africa的开始，可知 Cheboi渴望为他的家乡做更多的贡献，故选B。
11．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then in order to reach more students, she introduced computer training to existing schools然后，为了接触到更多的学生，她向现有的学校介绍了计算机培训”，可知Cheboi希望帮助更多的孩子，故选A。
12．推理判断题。众读全文，可知Cheboi从还在上学时候，一直热衷于帮助家乡的孩子学习电脑知识，后来为了实现理想，更是创立了非营利性组织TechLit Africa，所以Cheboi是一个有爱心、热衷助人的人，故选B。
（2023·佛山模拟）阅读理解
Abandoned outside an orphanage（孤儿院）as a baby and adopted at the age of three by a family in the Netherlands, 16-year-old model Abbing has become known around the world, as a model who has appeared in fashion magazines-but also as an inspiring representative of the albino（白化病人） community.
When it comes to modelling, Abbing has found her difference more of a blessing: she is represented by the Zebedee Talent agency, which aims to make people who have disabilities more visible in the world of fashion.
"I want to help people to see that being different is good, and definitely not some curse（诅咒）, as they believe in countries like Tanzania and Malawi, "said Abbing. "Some companies try to include models who are different, but sometimes for the wrong reason, because they want to say:'Hey, look at us! We are also including people with differences or people of different color'. "
But Abbing welcomes what she sees as a shift. People now want to learn about and accept differences. "They should alsotalk with people with differences directly, ask them questions and listen to what they have to say, "she urged.
When not in front of the camera, Abbing loves climbing and swimming, and used to love competitive sports. It's important for her to focus on what is possible, rather than what isn't. " At school, teachers tend to look at the things you cannot do. I really didn't like that, although they meant well. I would rather they had focused on the things I can do instead. "
Abbing loves the world of travel and meeting new people, which her modelling has opened up, and particularly working with artists and on artistic projects. The teen also pours her creativity into decoration artwork. "Because I see the world from a different angle, my artwork turns out a little different as well, "she said.
13．What is one reason for Abbing's being chosen by Zebedee
A．Her physical disability. B．Her youthful appearance.
C．Her success in the fashion world. D．Her fame in the albino community.
14．What does Abbing think of some companies hiring disabled models
A．A social conflict. B．A positive change.
C．An act of showing off. D．A product advertisement.
15．Which of the following best describes Abbing
A．Creative and honest. B．Optimistic and patient.
C．Courageous and outgoing. D．Athletic and humorous.
16．What message does Abbing's story convey
A．Everyone is born equal. B．Judge not by appearances.
C．Love makes the world go around. D．You are beautiful the way you are.
【答案】13．A
14．B
15．C
16．D
【知识点】推理判断题；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了16岁的模特Abbing的出身以及她的个人爱好等。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
13．考查推理判断。根据第二段“When it comes to modelling, Abbing has found her difference more of a blessing: she is represented by the Zebedee Talent agency, which aims to make people who have disabilities more visible in the world of fashion.”说到模特，Abbing发现她的与众不同更像是一种祝福：她的代理是Zebedee人才经纪公司，该公司旨在让残疾人在时尚界更加引人注目。可知，这家公司旨在让残疾人为他人所了解。可推知，Abbing被这家经纪公司签约的原因是身体有残疾。故选A。
14．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“But Abbing welcomes what she sees as a shift. People now want to learn about and accept differences.”但Abbing对她所看到的转变表示欢迎。人们现在想要了解和接受差异。可推知，Abbing对一些公司签约有残疾的模特这一现象感到高兴。故选B。
15．考查推理判断。根据第二段“When it comes to modelling, Abbing has found her difference more of a blessing: she is represented by the Zebedee Talent agency, which aims to make people who have disabilities more visible in the world of fashion.”说到模特，Abbing发现她的与众不同更像是一种祝福：她的代理是 Zebedee人才经纪公司，该公司旨在让残疾人在时尚界更加引人注目)”可知，她将自己的残疾看作一种祝福。由此推知，她是一个勇敢的女孩；倒数第二段“When not in front of the camera, Abbing loves climbing and swimming, and used to love competitive sports. ”不在镜头前的时候，Abbing喜欢攀岩和游泳，过去喜欢竞技运动；以及最后一段中的“Abbing loves the world of travel and meeting new people, which her modelling has opened up, and particularly working with artists and on artistic projects.”Abbing喜欢旅行和结识新朋友，她的模特开启了这一世界，特别是与艺术家和艺术项目合作。可推知，Abbing是一个开朗外向的女孩。故选C。
16．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“It's important for her to focus on what is possible, rather than what isn't. ‘At school, teachers tend to look at the things you cannot do. I really didn’t like that, although they meant well. I would rather they had focused on the things I can do instead.’”对她来说，关注什么是可能的，而不是什么是不可能的，这很重要。“在学校里，老师往往会关注你不会做的事情。我真的不喜欢那样，尽管他们本意是好的。我宁愿他们把注意力放在我能做的事情上。”可推知，Abbing的故事告诉我们，一个人应该专注在自己能做到的事情上，而不是只想着自己做不到的事，即你本来的样子就很美。故选D。
（2023高二下·绵阳期中） 阅读理解
Many artists draw with pens and brushes, but few "paint" with knives. Wang Jing, a woman from Shenyang city in northeast China's Liaoning Province, has been engaged in this art form for 27 years.
In 1995, Wang was inspired by an accidental cut by a knife on a piece of red paper, which left a white line, and believed that she may have created something out of the ordinary. Using knives and paper, she then completed a painting of a pair of peacocks that later became a source of motivation for her 27-year endeavor.
Unlike traditional paintings, onto which colors are "added", "knife painting" requires the painter to use blades (刀锋) to take away colors on specially made coated paper. "Knife painters" apply varied pressure on the paper in different directions to create different colors and tones. "Painting on paper with knives is a delicate art and each line in the painting is as thin as a hair," said Wang, adding that once the marks are left on the paper, they cannot be covered, so it requires the painter to be completely absorbed in the work.
The novel art form was known to few people just after Wang created it. Even Wang herself was not expecting to make it something big at the beginning. But thanks to her huge enthusiasm for the art form, she has persisted with it for the past 27 years. So far, she has completed hundreds of paintings about auspicious Chinese culture, figures, landscape, flowers and birds, of which her favorite is a 2.8-meter-long painting that depicts 20 lifelike egrets (白鹭). Wang said she will continue working in the craft and make it known across the world.
17．What motivated Wang in her 27-year devotion to knife painting
A．The red paper. B．The white line.
C．The accidental cut. D．The painting of peacocks.
18．What can be learned about knife painting from Paragraph 3
A．It takes away colors. B．It needs painters' focus.
C．It creates thin marks. D．It applies varied pressure.
19．What does the underlined word "novel" probably mean in the last paragraph
A．Original. B．Valuable. C．Traditional. D．Complex.
20．Which of the following can best describe Wang
A．Optimistic and caring. B．Creative and ambitious.
C．Enthusiastic and humble. D．Persistent and aggressive.
【答案】17．D
18．B
19．A
20．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；人物传记类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一位有创造力且有雄心壮志的用刀作画的女艺术家。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
17．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Using knives and paper, she then completed a painting of a pair of peacocks that later became a source of motivation for her 27-year endeavor."然后，她用刀和纸完成了一幅孔雀画，这幅画后来成为她27年努力的动力来源。可知，她的动力来源是一副孔雀画，故选D。
18．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"‘Painting on paper with knives is a delicate art and each line in the painting is as thin as a hair,'said Wang, adding that once the marks are left on the paper, they cannot be covered, so it requires the painter to be completely absorbed in the work.""用刀在纸上作画是一门精致的艺术，画中的每一条线都像头发一样细，"王说，并补充说，一旦在纸上留下痕迹，就无法覆盖，因此需要画家完全专注于作品。可知，用刀作画需要极高的专注度，故选B。
19．考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的"The novel art form was known to few people just after Wang created it."这种新颖的艺术形式在王创作之后就很少有人知道了。结合created"创造"以及"很少有人知道"可知，这种艺术形式是新创造的，自然是新颖的，original意为"新颖的、独创的"，故选A。
20．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"The novel art form was known to few people just after Wang created it."这种新颖的艺术形式在王创作之后就很少有人知道了。可知王女士创造了这种艺术形式；以及最后一段中的"Wang said she will continue working in the craft and make it known across the world."王女士表示，她将继续从事这项工作，并将其推向世界。可知，王女士是有创造力且有雄心壮志的，故选B。
（2022高一下·上蔡月考）阅读理解
Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of comets(彗星) which other scientists had made. The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.
However, Halley had a friend named Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the. shape of an ellipse(椭圆).
Now Halley set to work. He figured out the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart.
This seemed very strange to Halley. The different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about it, the more he thought that there had not been three different comets, as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.
It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction(预言) of what the comet would happen in the future. He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halley's prediction could be tested. In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it for he has died some years before. Ever since then that comet has been called Halley's cornet, in his honour.
21．Halley made his discovery_________.
A．by doing experiments
B．by means of his own careful observation
C．by using the work of other scientists
D．by chance
22．Halley made a surprising but correct prediction in the year ________.
A．1704 B．1705 C．1706 D．1707
23．This passage in general is about__________.
A．Halley and other scientists B．the orbit of a comet
C．Newton and Halley D．Halley and his discovery
24．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Newton was a famous mathematician.
B．Halley made his discovery by doing experiments.
C．Edmund Halley was an American scientist.
D．The orbit of a comet had the shape of a circle.
【答案】21．B
22．B
23．D
24．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了哈雷及他的发现。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
21． 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的" He studied the observations of comets(彗星) which other scientists had made. "他研究了其他科学家对彗星的观测结果。可知，哈雷的发现是在研究其他科学家们的观察中得出来的，故选B。
22．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"He decided that this would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halley's prediction could be tested."他决定这颗彗星将在1758年出现。距离哈雷的预言被检验还有53年的时间。可推断哈雷做出这个预言的时间是1705年，故选B。
23．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了哈雷及他的发现，故选D。
24．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"However, Halley had a friend named Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. "然而，哈雷有一个朋友叫牛顿，他是一位才华横溢的数学家。故选A。
1 / 1（甲卷）高考英语提前冲——阅读理解 话题2 人物故事类
一、2023年真题
（2023·全国甲卷）阅读理解
Terri Boltonis a dab hand when it comes to DIY(do-it-yourself). Skillde at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day's work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money. She says: "I'm sure I wasn't much of a help to start with painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills."
Terri, who now rents abhouse with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy(租期)comes to an end. She adds: "I've moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures. So, it's been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out"
With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over the coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. The fifth wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has a traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.
1．Which is closest in meaning to "a dab hand" in paragraph 1
A．An artist. B．A winner.
C．A specialist. D．A pioneer.
2．Why did Terri's grandfather give her 5 a day
A．For a birthday gift.
B．As a treat for her work.
C．To support her DIY projects.
D．To encourage her to take up a hobby.
3．How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented
A．By making it look like before.
B．By finishing it herself.
C．By splitting the rent with a roommate.
D．By cancelling the rental agreement.
4．What trend in DIY does the research show
A．It is becoming more costly.
B．It is getting more time-consuming.
C．It is turning into a seasonal industry.
D．It is gaining popularity among females.
二、冲刺练
（2023高三下·河南模拟）阅读理解
Alena Analeigh Wicker had an incredibly impressive list of accomplishments. She studied biological sciences at two separate universities. She is a former NASA intern and went to a medical school. At the young age of 13, she was well on her way to achieving her dreams and ambitions. She also supplied support to other young girls like her, who were interested in science and technology, and hoped that her story would serve as a source of inspiration.
Alena's mother, McQuarter, claimed that her daughter had always been exceptional and superior. She offered to be educated at home. So McQuarter homeschooled Alena during elementary school. Even after Alena returned to school in the fifth grade, she continued studying high school subjects based on a course carefully designed by her mother.
"I was bored," Alena explains. "The high school work was so easy for me that I ended up graduating from high school when I was 12. I love school; I love learning; I love reading. I have a desire to learn, and that has just always been me."
After graduation, Alena went to two separate universities, earning degrees in biological sciences from both Arizona State University and Oakwood University. And while studying for the accelerated degrees, Alena started the Brown STEM Girl Foundation, in honor of Katherine Johnson, who had been a pioneering African-American mathematician at NASA. The Foundation's target is to engage and educate girls in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM).
Alena has promoted her foundation online, "It feels amazing to be able to create a path for girls that look like me." Alena shares her tips. She says, "It doesn't matter how old you are. You can do it. Don't let anybody tell you no. I would say to any little girl out there that's reading this: Never give up on yourself and never let anyone tell you that you can't do something."
5．What do we know about McQuarter
A．She took great pride in Alena.
B．She advised Alena to study at home.
C．She ensured Alena studied at school until 12.
D．She forced Alena to learn high school subjects.
6．What is the goal of the Brown STEM Girl Foundation
A．To educate girls to go to college.
B．To expose girls to the scientific field.
C．To promote the development of science.
D．To inspire girls to become members of NASA.
7．Why does the author mention Alena's words in the last paragraph
A．To offer an apology. B．To make a request.
C．To make a suggestion. D．To offer an invitation.
8．Which words can best describe Alena
A．Honest and daring. B．Modest and generous.
C．Talented and good-looking. D．Promising and caring.
（2023高三下·大庆模拟）阅读理解
As the world has changed, so has education. Since 2018, Nelly Cheboi and her non-profit TechLit Africa have been bringing computer technology into schools in Kenya, helping students join the digital world, and unlock their potential. With its own software programs, curriculum（课程）and teacher training programs, this non-profit hopes to change Africa.
In 2012, Cheboi received a scholarship to College in Illinois that changed her life. She grew up in poverty in rural Kenya, watching her mother struggle to support her family alone. Cheboi had no experience with computers before moving to the US to study. She hand wrote papers and then struggled to type them out on a laptop computer. Somehow she fell in love with computer science and began a career in the field. But she did not lose sight of her origins. "As an undergraduate, I invested all of my income from various campus jobs into my community back in Kenya, "she said on the TechLit Africa website. But soon she wanted to do more for it and that is how TechLit Africa began.
Cheboi recalled how her background helped her understand how important technological knowledge could be for children living in poverty. She built a school with the idea of bringing computer science as part of kids' curriculum growing up. But she found that it was going to be really hard to impact as many people as possible, because it was so hard to fund raise. Then in order to reach more students, she introduced computer training to existing schools. Cheboi physically dragged over 40 recycled computers that had been donated to them by various tech companies to Kenya in suitcases.
Now, since the non-profit has grown, it works with various companies that help them clean the donated computers of data and send them to Africa. TechLit Africa runs its own curriculum with its own software programs in 10 Kenyan schools, and the hope is to increase to 100 throughout Africa by next year. The students love learning about computers, and in turn are gaining skills that will help them make use of their talents into a way out of poverty.
9．What has Cheboi been doing since 2018
A．Boosting her science career. B．Promoting digital education.
C．Starting a scholarship program. D．Updating the computer courses.
10．What inspired Cheboi to set up TechLit Africa
A．Her love for computer science.
B．Her desire to help her hometown.
C．Her dream of supporting her family.
D．Her childhood experience in the US.
11．What do we know about Cheboi from Paragraph 3
A．She hopes to help more kids.
B．She plans to build new schools.
C．She seeks to develop new courses.
D．She calls for donations of computers.
12．Which of the following can best describe Cheboi
A．Sensitive. B．Devoted. C．Considerate. D．Cooperative.
（2023·佛山模拟）阅读理解
Abandoned outside an orphanage（孤儿院）as a baby and adopted at the age of three by a family in the Netherlands, 16-year-old model Abbing has become known around the world, as a model who has appeared in fashion magazines-but also as an inspiring representative of the albino（白化病人） community.
When it comes to modelling, Abbing has found her difference more of a blessing: she is represented by the Zebedee Talent agency, which aims to make people who have disabilities more visible in the world of fashion.
"I want to help people to see that being different is good, and definitely not some curse（诅咒）, as they believe in countries like Tanzania and Malawi, "said Abbing. "Some companies try to include models who are different, but sometimes for the wrong reason, because they want to say:'Hey, look at us! We are also including people with differences or people of different color'. "
But Abbing welcomes what she sees as a shift. People now want to learn about and accept differences. "They should alsotalk with people with differences directly, ask them questions and listen to what they have to say, "she urged.
When not in front of the camera, Abbing loves climbing and swimming, and used to love competitive sports. It's important for her to focus on what is possible, rather than what isn't. " At school, teachers tend to look at the things you cannot do. I really didn't like that, although they meant well. I would rather they had focused on the things I can do instead. "
Abbing loves the world of travel and meeting new people, which her modelling has opened up, and particularly working with artists and on artistic projects. The teen also pours her creativity into decoration artwork. "Because I see the world from a different angle, my artwork turns out a little different as well, "she said.
13．What is one reason for Abbing's being chosen by Zebedee
A．Her physical disability. B．Her youthful appearance.
C．Her success in the fashion world. D．Her fame in the albino community.
14．What does Abbing think of some companies hiring disabled models
A．A social conflict. B．A positive change.
C．An act of showing off. D．A product advertisement.
15．Which of the following best describes Abbing
A．Creative and honest. B．Optimistic and patient.
C．Courageous and outgoing. D．Athletic and humorous.
16．What message does Abbing's story convey
A．Everyone is born equal. B．Judge not by appearances.
C．Love makes the world go around. D．You are beautiful the way you are.
（2023高二下·绵阳期中） 阅读理解
Many artists draw with pens and brushes, but few "paint" with knives. Wang Jing, a woman from Shenyang city in northeast China's Liaoning Province, has been engaged in this art form for 27 years.
In 1995, Wang was inspired by an accidental cut by a knife on a piece of red paper, which left a white line, and believed that she may have created something out of the ordinary. Using knives and paper, she then completed a painting of a pair of peacocks that later became a source of motivation for her 27-year endeavor.
Unlike traditional paintings, onto which colors are "added", "knife painting" requires the painter to use blades (刀锋) to take away colors on specially made coated paper. "Knife painters" apply varied pressure on the paper in different directions to create different colors and tones. "Painting on paper with knives is a delicate art and each line in the painting is as thin as a hair," said Wang, adding that once the marks are left on the paper, they cannot be covered, so it requires the painter to be completely absorbed in the work.
The novel art form was known to few people just after Wang created it. Even Wang herself was not expecting to make it something big at the beginning. But thanks to her huge enthusiasm for the art form, she has persisted with it for the past 27 years. So far, she has completed hundreds of paintings about auspicious Chinese culture, figures, landscape, flowers and birds, of which her favorite is a 2.8-meter-long painting that depicts 20 lifelike egrets (白鹭). Wang said she will continue working in the craft and make it known across the world.
17．What motivated Wang in her 27-year devotion to knife painting
A．The red paper. B．The white line.
C．The accidental cut. D．The painting of peacocks.
18．What can be learned about knife painting from Paragraph 3
A．It takes away colors. B．It needs painters' focus.
C．It creates thin marks. D．It applies varied pressure.
19．What does the underlined word "novel" probably mean in the last paragraph
A．Original. B．Valuable. C．Traditional. D．Complex.
20．Which of the following can best describe Wang
A．Optimistic and caring. B．Creative and ambitious.
C．Enthusiastic and humble. D．Persistent and aggressive.
（2022高一下·上蔡月考）阅读理解
Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of comets(彗星) which other scientists had made. The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.
However, Halley had a friend named Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the. shape of an ellipse(椭圆).
Now Halley set to work. He figured out the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart.
This seemed very strange to Halley. The different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about it, the more he thought that there had not been three different comets, as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.
It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction(预言) of what the comet would happen in the future. He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halley's prediction could be tested. In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it for he has died some years before. Ever since then that comet has been called Halley's cornet, in his honour.
21．Halley made his discovery_________.
A．by doing experiments
B．by means of his own careful observation
C．by using the work of other scientists
D．by chance
22．Halley made a surprising but correct prediction in the year ________.
A．1704 B．1705 C．1706 D．1707
23．This passage in general is about__________.
A．Halley and other scientists B．the orbit of a comet
C．Newton and Halley D．Halley and his discovery
24．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Newton was a famous mathematician.
B．Halley made his discovery by doing experiments.
C．Edmund Halley was an American scientist.
D．The orbit of a comet had the shape of a circle.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．B
3．A
4．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位DIY高手Terri Boltonis的技能以及DIY项目可能会在女性群体中变成一种潮流趋势。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. "她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己能做的工作。可推知，Terri Boltonis是一位DIY高手，画线短语a dab hand是"专家"之意，故选C。
2．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day's work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money."她将这些技能归功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商Derek Lloyd。从六岁起，现年26岁的Terri就在学校放假期间陪Derek去上班。一天的工作得到了5英镑零花钱的奖励；以及"It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills. "这花了几个星期的时间，是一项艰苦的工作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄傲。可推知，Terri的祖父每天给她5英镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励。故选B。
3．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"So, it's been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out. "所以，当我搬出去时，知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用是很有用的)"可推知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。故选A。
4．考查细节理解。根据最后一段"the research shows it is women now leading the charge."研究表明，现在是女性主导了这项运动。可知，研究表明，DIY将在女性中越来越受欢迎。故选D。
【答案】5．A
6．B
7．C
8．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物传记类；学习教育类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Alena Analeigh Wicker的一系列令人难以置信的成就。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
5．推理判断题。根据Alena's mother, McQuarter, claimed that her daughter had always been exceptional and superior. 阿莱娜的母亲麦夸特声称，她的女儿一直都是出类拔萃。可知选项 She took great pride in Alena.符合题意；故答案为A。
6．推理判断题。根据 The Foundation's target is to engage and educate girls in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). 该基金会的目标是让女孩参与并接受科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)方面的教育。可知选项To expose girls to the scientific field.（让女孩接触科学领域。）符合题意；故答案为B。
7．细节理解题。根据Alena shares her tips. She says, "It doesn't matter how old you are. You can do it. Don't let anybody tell you no. I would say to any little girl out there that's reading this: Never give up on yourself and never let anyone tell you that you can't do something." Alena分享了她的建议。她说:"你多大并不重要。你能做到的。不要让任何人对你说不。我想对任何正在读这篇文章的小女孩说:永远不要放弃自己，永远不要让任何人告诉你你成不了才。"可知 选项To make a suggestion.符合题意；故答案为C。
8．推理判断题。根据 After graduation, Alena went to two separate universities, earning degrees in biological sciences from both Arizona State University and Oakwood University. And while studying for the accelerated degrees, Alena started the Brown STEM Girl Foundation, in honor of Katherine Johnson, who had been a pioneering African-American mathematician at NASA. The Foundation's target is to engage and educate girls in Science, Technology,
Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM).毕业后，阿莱娜去了两所不同的大学，分别在亚利桑那州立大学和奥克伍德大学获得了生物科学学位。在攻读加速学位期间，阿莱娜创立了布朗STEM女孩基金会，以纪念凯瑟琳·约翰逊(Katherine Johnson)，她曾是美国宇航局(NASA)的非裔美国数学家先驱。该基金会的目标是让女孩参与并接受科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)方面的教育。可知选项Promising and caring.符合题意；故答案为D。
【答案】9．B
10．B
11．A
12．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了一个名叫Cheboi和她所创立的非营利性组织。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话“Since 2018, Nelly Cheboi and her non-profit TechLit Africa have been bringing computer technology into schools in Kenya, helping students join the digital world, and unlock their potential自2018年以来，Nelly Cheboi和她的非营利组织TechLit Africa一直在将计算机技术带入肯尼亚的学校，帮助学生加入数字世界，并释放他们的潜力 ”，可知自2018年Cheboi一直致力于推动数码教育，故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据"As an undergraduate, I invested all of my income from various campus jobs into my community back in Kenya, "she said on the TechLit Africa website. But soon she wanted to do more for it and that is how TechLit Africa began她在TechLit Africa网站上说:“作为一名大学生，我把在校园里各种工作的收入全部投入到肯尼亚的社区。”但很快，她想为它做更多的事情，这就是TechLit Africa的开始，可知 Cheboi渴望为他的家乡做更多的贡献，故选B。
11．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then in order to reach more students, she introduced computer training to existing schools然后，为了接触到更多的学生，她向现有的学校介绍了计算机培训”，可知Cheboi希望帮助更多的孩子，故选A。
12．推理判断题。众读全文，可知Cheboi从还在上学时候，一直热衷于帮助家乡的孩子学习电脑知识，后来为了实现理想，更是创立了非营利性组织TechLit Africa，所以Cheboi是一个有爱心、热衷助人的人，故选B。
【答案】13．A
14．B
15．C
16．D
【知识点】推理判断题；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了16岁的模特Abbing的出身以及她的个人爱好等。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
13．考查推理判断。根据第二段“When it comes to modelling, Abbing has found her difference more of a blessing: she is represented by the Zebedee Talent agency, which aims to make people who have disabilities more visible in the world of fashion.”说到模特，Abbing发现她的与众不同更像是一种祝福：她的代理是Zebedee人才经纪公司，该公司旨在让残疾人在时尚界更加引人注目。可知，这家公司旨在让残疾人为他人所了解。可推知，Abbing被这家经纪公司签约的原因是身体有残疾。故选A。
14．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“But Abbing welcomes what she sees as a shift. People now want to learn about and accept differences.”但Abbing对她所看到的转变表示欢迎。人们现在想要了解和接受差异。可推知，Abbing对一些公司签约有残疾的模特这一现象感到高兴。故选B。
15．考查推理判断。根据第二段“When it comes to modelling, Abbing has found her difference more of a blessing: she is represented by the Zebedee Talent agency, which aims to make people who have disabilities more visible in the world of fashion.”说到模特，Abbing发现她的与众不同更像是一种祝福：她的代理是 Zebedee人才经纪公司，该公司旨在让残疾人在时尚界更加引人注目)”可知，她将自己的残疾看作一种祝福。由此推知，她是一个勇敢的女孩；倒数第二段“When not in front of the camera, Abbing loves climbing and swimming, and used to love competitive sports. ”不在镜头前的时候，Abbing喜欢攀岩和游泳，过去喜欢竞技运动；以及最后一段中的“Abbing loves the world of travel and meeting new people, which her modelling has opened up, and particularly working with artists and on artistic projects.”Abbing喜欢旅行和结识新朋友，她的模特开启了这一世界，特别是与艺术家和艺术项目合作。可推知，Abbing是一个开朗外向的女孩。故选C。
16．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“It's important for her to focus on what is possible, rather than what isn't. ‘At school, teachers tend to look at the things you cannot do. I really didn’t like that, although they meant well. I would rather they had focused on the things I can do instead.’”对她来说，关注什么是可能的，而不是什么是不可能的，这很重要。“在学校里，老师往往会关注你不会做的事情。我真的不喜欢那样，尽管他们本意是好的。我宁愿他们把注意力放在我能做的事情上。”可推知，Abbing的故事告诉我们，一个人应该专注在自己能做到的事情上，而不是只想着自己做不到的事，即你本来的样子就很美。故选D。
【答案】17．D
18．B
19．A
20．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；人物传记类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一位有创造力且有雄心壮志的用刀作画的女艺术家。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
17．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Using knives and paper, she then completed a painting of a pair of peacocks that later became a source of motivation for her 27-year endeavor."然后，她用刀和纸完成了一幅孔雀画，这幅画后来成为她27年努力的动力来源。可知，她的动力来源是一副孔雀画，故选D。
18．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"‘Painting on paper with knives is a delicate art and each line in the painting is as thin as a hair,'said Wang, adding that once the marks are left on the paper, they cannot be covered, so it requires the painter to be completely absorbed in the work.""用刀在纸上作画是一门精致的艺术，画中的每一条线都像头发一样细，"王说，并补充说，一旦在纸上留下痕迹，就无法覆盖，因此需要画家完全专注于作品。可知，用刀作画需要极高的专注度，故选B。
19．考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的"The novel art form was known to few people just after Wang created it."这种新颖的艺术形式在王创作之后就很少有人知道了。结合created"创造"以及"很少有人知道"可知，这种艺术形式是新创造的，自然是新颖的，original意为"新颖的、独创的"，故选A。
20．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"The novel art form was known to few people just after Wang created it."这种新颖的艺术形式在王创作之后就很少有人知道了。可知王女士创造了这种艺术形式；以及最后一段中的"Wang said she will continue working in the craft and make it known across the world."王女士表示，她将继续从事这项工作，并将其推向世界。可知，王女士是有创造力且有雄心壮志的，故选B。
【答案】21．B
22．B
23．D
24．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了哈雷及他的发现。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
21． 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的" He studied the observations of comets(彗星) which other scientists had made. "他研究了其他科学家对彗星的观测结果。可知，哈雷的发现是在研究其他科学家们的观察中得出来的，故选B。
22．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"He decided that this would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halley's prediction could be tested."他决定这颗彗星将在1758年出现。距离哈雷的预言被检验还有53年的时间。可推断哈雷做出这个预言的时间是1705年，故选B。
23．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了哈雷及他的发现，故选D。
24．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"However, Halley had a friend named Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. "然而，哈雷有一个朋友叫牛顿，他是一位才华横溢的数学家。故选A。
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