资源简介

东莞市第五高级中学2022-2023学年度第一学期期中考试
高三年级英语试卷
满分120分，考试时间120分钟
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Make the most of the pleasant weather and enjoy the best walk of the year with friends and family. Use your 2 for 1 Entry in some of our favorite landscape gardens for a memorable day out.
Painswick Rococo Garden
Find beauty and quietness at the UK's only complete surviving Rococo Garden. Discover fanciful garden flowers, woodland walks, and beautifully framed (镶框) views across the valley. Dogs on short leads are permitted and the shop offers a range of seasonal and local produce.
Book at rococogarden.org.uk.
Open: closed 1-25 March, open 26-31 March, 10 am-4 pm, last entry 2:30 pm.
Nymans Garden
Walk down Spring Walk packed with seasonal flowers and pleasant smells, and enjoy the hedge (树篱) topped with frost. Routes include those with plenty of level paths to follow around the garden. Dogs are welcome every day from 1:30 pm, with a festive treat provided.
Book at nationaltrust.org.uk/ nymans.
Open: daily except 24-25 March, 10 am-4 pm.
Ventnor Botanic Garden
Even in early spring, there are typically over 200 varieties of plants to be seen flowering as you explore the 27 acres. Enjoy access to the coastal path and routes accessible for wheelchairs, and then warm up with coffee milk in the cafe afterwards.
Book at botanic.co.uk.
Open: daily except 25 March, 9 am-4 pm.
Gibside Garden
Enjoy walking paths at this Georgian landscape garden, featuring plenty of wildlife. Follow the winding river and turning valley for fantastic views. up with hot chocolate and delicious biscuits in the second-hand bookshop.
Book at nationaltrust.org.uk/gibside.
Open: daily except 24 and 25 March, 10 am-4 pm.
1. What do Painswick Rococo Garden and Nymans Garden have in common
A. Valley views. B. Frosty flowers. C. Seasonal produce. D. Pet permission.
2. Which garden favors people with walking disability
A. Painswick Rococo Garden. B. Nymans Garden.
C. Ventnor Botanic Garden. D. Gibside Garden.
3. Where can the text be found
A. In a research paper. B. In a travel brochure.
C. In a science magazine. D. In a geography textbook.
B
Growing up, I was often the first Jewish person my classmates had ever met. I lived in Mississauga, Ontario, and was the only Jewish student in my grade—sometimes the only one in the whole school. This difference set me apart.
Every September, I hated presenting the note my parents had expertly made to a teacher I was just getting to know. The note explained that I would be absent during the Jewish High Holidays of Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. I fretted that my teachers would label me the “Jewish kid”.
The real trouble always came as the local new year’s festival approached. I was Jewish and celebrated Hanukkah, not this festival. At school, on one day before the winter break, every class would sit in neat rows in the gym and sing songs from the festival. However, the music teacher sometimes played Dreidel, Dreidel, Dreidel, a Jewish festival song, and I would feel hundreds of eyes staring at my red cheeks. As my friends counted down the days until the festival, I counted the days until it was over and I could go back to feeling normal.
Each year during primary school, my mother would coordinate (协调) with my teacher to come to my class and tell the story of Hanukkah. She would prepare treats and materials depending on my age. Every time I would proudly stand beside her as she told the story of Hanukkah and explained the symbols. The children who had attended the presentation previously competed to answer questions. After my mom left, I would overhear them showing off their fried treats to kids in other classes.
My mom’s annual visits to my school sparked (激发) interest from other parents as well. Over the years, we had visits from parents who shared how festivals were celebrated in Germany and Italy.
My mom showed me, my classmates and their families that what sets us apart should be celebrated and shared, an intention which I continue to set for myself as I cycle through another holiday season.
4. What does the underlined word “fretted” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Noticed. B. Disagreed. C. Worried. D. Expected.
5. What really annoyed the author during the local festival
A. Being a trick target. B. Singing holiday songs.
C. Being culturally different. D. Celebrating others’ festival.
6. How did the author’s classmates react to Mom’s coming
A. They welcomed it warmly. B. They gave away her treats.
C. They showed off themselves. D. They expressed sympathy for her.
7. Which of the following best states what Mom did at school
A. She protected her child from being hurt.
B. She encouraged cross-cultural understanding.
C. She made Hanukkah a school-celebrated festival.
D. She saved the Jewish tradition from being changed.
C
Today China is the world’s biggest consumer of wheat. But it wasn’t always that way.
Wheat only came to the area now known as northern China toward the end of the Neolithic period, some 4,600 years ago. Initially, wheat didn’t seem to be so delicious and had been treated as a crop of desperation rather than a cooking delight. The first farmers of northern China primarily grew millet, starting as early as 11,500 years ago. By the time of the Tang dynasty, wheat had replaced millet, becoming a major crop. But relatively little was known about exactly why this shift occurred.
In an attempt to track the answer, I accumulated a collection of nearly 1,200 data points covering more than 50 sites from the mid-Neolithic, about 9,000 years ago, to the collapse of the Eastern Han dynasty in 220 AD. The sites were across 8 modern provinces, ranging from Gansu province in the northwest to Shandong province in the east.
One possible explanation is a major climate shift, called the Holocene Event 3, which happened 4,000 to 4,500 years ago. At that time, the climate became colder and drier across continents, causing damage to crop production.
On top of this, the late Neolithic period was also a time of rapid population growth around the world. With an ever-increasing population and unsteady crop production, it is reasonable to assume that Neolithic farmers in northern China were struggling.
Wheat, it turns out, actually needs more water than millet, making it seem a poor choice for a dry period of history. But importantly, it can be sowed after millet has been harvested. That, we think, is the most likely reason why the people across northern China started to grow wheat.
From more extreme weather to changing coastlines, climate change has always brought unexpected and sometimes dramatic changes to societies. In this instance, the consequence of the Holocene Event 3 in northern China proved, eventually, delicious.
8. What can we learn about wheat from the second paragraph
A. It replaced millet for its great taste. B. It was a poor choice at the beginning.
C. It outnumbered millet 4,600 years ago. D. It was the earliest crop grown in China.
9. What do the figures in paragraph 3 show
A. The author found the exact answer. B. The author did worldwide research.
C. The author took the research seriously. D. The author was good at collecting data.
10. What was probably the main reason for northerners in China to grow wheat
A. The water supply was enough then. B. The harvest of millet was not satisfying.
C. It adjusted to the weather conditions better. D. It had an alternative sowing season with millet.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. How was millet introduced to China
B Why did Chinese farmers switch to wheat
C. Why did China become the biggest wheat consumer
D. How was China’s wheat growth affected by climate change
D
The robots are alive, and now they can reproduce.
That’s not a continuation to “The Terminator” It's the latest result of research among scientists at Harvard and the University of Vermont. These xenobots, named for the African frog Xenopus laevis, could move around and display collective behavior.
The researchers took stem cells (干细胞) from the skin of frog and put them in salt water, where they came together into balls with a covering of cilia, which are similar to small hairs and enable the organisms (生物体) to move. The scientists noticed that these organisms, xenobots, would collect any particles (粒子) placed in the dish to make piles. They started to wonder whether the tiny robots would do the same thing with individual stem cells, so they conducted a test.
Knowing that xenobots5 shapes affect their behavior, the researchers tried to figure out which form would help the organism to reproduce repeatedly. They discovered that a “C” shape seemed to be the best. The C-shaped xenobots gathered individual stem cells into groups, which became xenobots of their own. This type of reproduction is based on the organisms’ movement, rather than growing and then forming a new being as other animals and plants do.
Xenobots are on an unusual line between living organisms and robots. They are organisms because they are made of stem cells and can reproduce. But they are also robots because they can move on their own and perform physical labor. Although most robots are made of metal, robots are given the definition not by their material, but by what they can do.
Before now, Kriegman, a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard University, said, “no one has been using living materials as self-moving, self-powered robots.” The researchers hope that the xenobots can help them better understand the process of reproduction —a fundamental quality of life —and how to control it. Faced with a world full of self-reproducing problems, such as Covid-19, Kriegman said studying xenobots could lead scientists closer to solutions.
12. What inspired the researchers to perform an experiment
A. The position of particles. B. The gathering of stem cells.
C. The movement of organisms. D. The collective ability of xenobots.
13. What is special about the C-shaped xenobots reproduction
A. It's repeated constantly. B. It generates new beings.
C. It separates individual stem cells. D. It's based on xenobots’ motion.
14. How are xenobots defined as robots
A. By their function. B. By their reproduction.
C. By their unique component. D. By their physical appearance.
15. What can be inferred about the research from the last paragraph
A. It could make a breakthrough. B. It would bring scientists closer.
C. It could find the secret of reproduction. D. It would discover the solution to Covid-19.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Oscar Wilde once said “Man is least himself when he talks in his own person. Give him a mask, and he will tell you the truth.” Art provides a way to communicate experiences when people lack verbal skills. _____16_____Art therapy is founded on the assumption that everyone is creative and capable of self-expression.
___17___ As a restorative practice, it allows people to express themselves in non-verbal ways, such as drawing and painting. Even a 45-minute creative activity can change a person's mental state. Working with an art therapist does even more: _____18_____
Young children typically draw and sing and dance without worrying about their abilities. Adults, however, often have complex feelings about art and art making. They begin to evaluate the quality of their art instead of focusing on self-expression itself. ____19____ However, art therapists can guide people in expressing themselves without concerning whether their artwork is technically brilliant, so that they can connect or reconnect with the artworks that help them deal with life challenges.
What are art therapists’ superpower They can channel dangerous thoughts into imaginative artworks. For instance, people with violent tendencies might let out their anger by hitting another human being. ____20____ These artistic choices satisfy the brain's desire for novelty without compromising personal safety.
A. Art therapy is a double-edged sword.
B. Thus, the many benefits of creative self-expression are lost.
C. They develop art as an expressive skill for solving problems.
D. But, obviously, releasing their anger in this way isn't a good choice.
E. Art therapy, in its own ways, can influence a range of human functioning.
F. It can significantly enhance positive moods and boost measures of well-being.
G. However, with art therapists’ help, their energy could be changed into creative products.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Most young people are always on their phones, which may upset many people. _____21_____, a group called Girl Scouts are receiving ____22____ for setting up their first walk-in clinic for elderly people, who have difficulty understanding how to _____23_____ the secrets of their smart phones.
Each teen spent at least an hour of one-on-one time with their oldsters. Based on their ____24____ knowledge, each Girl Scout was assigned to _____25_____ different aspects of Android and Apple phones.
Some of the oldsters actually wanted to take part in e-commerce (电子商务), and needed help to ____26____ a payment account on their smart phones while others simply had ____27____ when learning how to send messages to their family members. "I was teaching this older woman how to ____28____, and the first thing she did was to send a message to her daughter,” one of the Scouts said. “How _____29_____ it was! It just made me feel really, really happy.”
In addition to arranging group lessons for all of the seniors to ______30______ together at the end of the clinic, the youngsters even printed out brochures and guides for the seniors to take home in case ______31______ seniors would encounter problems with their smart phones in the future.
The eighth graders earned their “Silver Award,, for their job. After experiencing the ______32______ of their project, the girls hope to organize more ______33______ in the near future. “Those girls were just great,” said Nancy, a great-grandmother who once ______34______ the clinic. “They were ready for us and had a very mature attitude about answering our questions, and they _______35_______ the praise.
21. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. However D. Besides
22. A. service B. praise C. invitation D. donation
23. A. keep B. untie C. share D. unlock
24 A. technological B. medical C. psychological D. physical
25. A. record B. teach C. recall D. investigate
26. A. get back B. set up C. check out D. pay off
27. A. patience B. luck C. fun D. trouble
28. A. write B. phone C. text D. read
29. A. sweet B. simple C. rare D. common
30. A. play B. live C. talk D. review
31. A. amazed B. experienced C. confused D. respected
32. A. success B. arrangement C. change D. pressure
33. A. performances B. clinics C. clubs D. competitions
34. A. organized B. managed C. visited D. funded
35. A. needed B. refused C. enjoyed D. deserved
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new group of free employees have been added to a French workforce. So far, a theme park in western France ____36____ (employ) six birds, more exactly six crows, to collect and deal with garbage — mainly cigarette ends and other small pieces. The birds take the _____37_____ (collect) trash to special bins where they can receive bird food in exchange _____38_____ putting away the litter.
Park president Nicolas said, “The purpose of employing the crows is to educate people to take up their social ______39______ (responsible). Since the birds are able to do _____40_____ we are much more able to do than them, we should do this by ourselves
Crows have long been observed for their various amazing _____41_____ (display) of intelligence. They are one of the _____42_____ (smart) groups of animals on earth, with remarkable problem solving, tool making, and deductive (演绎) reasoning skills.
In addition to inspiring humans to pick up trash, the clever crows currently ____43____ (work) at the park are pretty excited to put their intelligence to work.
“It has become ____44____ exciting game for them” Nicolas says. “They pick up the trash on the ground, and every day they _____45_____ (reward) for what they have done.”
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Grow Up Healthy为题，写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1.简述现状;
2.提出建议;
3.发起倡议。
注意：
1.词数80左右;
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Grow Up Healthy
Good morning, everyone!
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you.
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last March, Margarito drove to visit his mother who lived in the countryside. When he set off for home, Margarito’s mother looked at the dark sky and noticed the sign of a coming storm. Worried about her son’s safety, she told him to drive as carefully as possible on his way home and he promised to give her a call upon his arrival.
With his mother’s words in mind, Margarito approached the main road carefully. Soon, it started to rain heavily. Eager to get home, Margarito began to drive faster. Two hours later, he came to a bumpy mountain road that had been flooded by a creek (小溪). Margarito, driving a four-wheel drive truck, figured that he would be OK. At that moment, he didn’t realize that such a thought would be a big mistake.
It was halfway across the creek that an unfortunate incident took place: The rushing waters grabbed hold of his vehicle, pushing it off the road and sending it down a rocky creek bed. The truck finally stopped some 80 feet away. Margarito’s problems only grew from there as the water had somehow positioned the truck into the creek bank at a 45-degree angle, making it difficult for him to open the driver’s side door. Injured and trapped inside with the muddy water rising quickly, Margarito was certain he was going to die. Shaking with fear, he was at a loss about what to do.
On the road right behind Margarito were a delivery worker named Steve and his nephew Mike who were on the way to deliver furniture to customers in the countryside. They witnessed the horrible incident, and when Margarito’s truck came to rest in the middle of the overflowing creek, Steve quickly began to take action. First, he grabbed a rope from the back of his vehicle and used it to ensure he could safely approach the truck.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Next, he turned to Mike and yelled, “Give me a rock!”
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Margarito was about to thank Steve and Mike when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________东莞市第五高级中学2022-2023学年度第一学期期中考试
高三年级英语试卷
满分120分，考试时间120分钟
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Make the most of the pleasant weather and enjoy the best walk of the year with friends and family. Use your 2 for 1 Entry in some of our favorite landscape gardens for a memorable day out.
Painswick Rococo Garden
Find beauty and quietness at the UK's only complete surviving Rococo Garden. Discover fanciful garden flowers, woodland walks, and beautifully framed (镶框) views across the valley. Dogs on short leads are permitted and the shop offers a range of seasonal and local produce.
Book at rococogarden.org.uk.
Open: closed 1-25 March, open 26-31 March, 10 am-4 pm, last entry 2:30 pm.
Nymans Garden
Walk down Spring Walk packed with seasonal flowers and pleasant smells, and enjoy the hedge (树篱) topped with frost. Routes include those with plenty of level paths to follow around the garden. Dogs are welcome every day from 1:30 pm, with a festive treat provided.
Book at nationaltrust.org.uk/ nymans.
Open: daily except 24-25 March, 10 am-4 pm.
Ventnor Botanic Garden
Even in early spring, there are typically over 200 varieties of plants to be seen flowering as you explore the 27 acres. Enjoy access to the coastal path and routes accessible for wheelchairs, and then warm up with coffee milk in the cafe afterwards.
Book at botanic.co.uk.
Open: daily except 25 March, 9 am-4 pm.
Gibside Garden
Enjoy walking paths at this Georgian landscape garden, featuring plenty of wildlife. Follow the winding river and turning valley for fantastic views. up with hot chocolate and delicious biscuits in the second-hand bookshop.
Book at nationaltrust.org.uk/gibside.
Open: daily except 24 and 25 March, 10 am-4 pm.
1. What do Painswick Rococo Garden and Nymans Garden have in common
A. Valley views. B. Frosty flowers. C. Seasonal produce. D. Pet permission.
2. Which garden favors people with walking disability
A. Painswick Rococo Garden. B. Nymans Garden.
C. Ventnor Botanic Garden. D. Gibside Garden.
3. Where can the text be found
A. In a research paper. B. In a travel brochure.
C. In a science magazine. D. In a geography textbook.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可以一起散步的四个景观花园。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Painswick Rococo Garden下的“Dogs on short leads are permitted(短期带狗是允许的)”以及Nymans Garden下的“Dogs are welcome every day from 1:30 pm(每天下午1:30开始，狗狗们都受到欢迎)”可知，Painswick Rococo Garden 和Nymans Garden共同之处在于宠物许可。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ventnor Botanic Garden下的“Enjoy access to the coastal path and routes accessible for wheelchairs,(享受滨海通道和轮椅通道)”可知，Ventnor Botanic Garden适合行走不便的人。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Make the most of the pleasant weather and enjoy the best walk of the year with friends and family. Use your 2 for 1 Entry in some of our favorite landscape gardens for a memorable day out.(充分利用宜人的天气，与朋友和家人一起享受一年中最好的散步。在一些我们最喜欢的景观花园中享受难忘的一天)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了可以一起散步的四个景观花园。由此可推测，在旅游手册上可以找到此文。故选B。
B
Growing up, I was often the first Jewish person my classmates had ever met. I lived in Mississauga, Ontario, and was the only Jewish student in my grade—sometimes the only one in the whole school. This difference set me apart.
Every September, I hated presenting the note my parents had expertly made to a teacher I was just getting to know. The note explained that I would be absent during the Jewish High Holidays of Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. I fretted that my teachers would label me the “Jewish kid”.
The real trouble always came as the local new year’s festival approached. I was Jewish and celebrated Hanukkah, not this festival. At school, on one day before the winter break, every class would sit in neat rows in the gym and sing songs from the festival. However, the music teacher sometimes played Dreidel, Dreidel, Dreidel, a Jewish festival song, and I would feel hundreds of eyes staring at my red cheeks. As my friends counted down the days until the festival, I counted the days until it was over and I could go back to feeling normal.
Each year during primary school, my mother would coordinate (协调) with my teacher to come to my class and tell the story of Hanukkah. She would prepare treats and materials depending on my age. Every time I would proudly stand beside her as she told the story of Hanukkah and explained the symbols. The children who had attended the presentation previously competed to answer questions. After my mom left, I would overhear them showing off their fried treats to kids in other classes.
My mom’s annual visits to my school sparked (激发) interest from other parents as well. Over the years, we had visits from parents who shared how festivals were celebrated in Germany and Italy.
My mom showed me my classmates and their families that what sets us apart should be celebrated and shared, an intention which I continue to set for myself as I cycle through another holiday season.
4. What does the underlined word “fretted” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Noticed. B. Disagreed. C. Worried. D. Expected.
5. What really annoyed the author during the local festival
A. Being a trick target. B. Singing holiday songs.
C. Being culturally different. D. Celebrating others’ festival.
6. How did the author’s classmates react to Mom’s coming
A. They welcomed it warmly. B. They gave away her treats.
C. They showed off themselves. D. They expressed sympathy for her.
7. Which of the following best states what Mom did at school
A. She protected her child from being hurt.
B. She encouraged cross-cultural understanding.
C. She made Hanukkah a school-celebrated festival.
D. She saved the Jewish tradition from being changed.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者是班上唯一的犹太人，这让作者感到尴尬，但在妈妈的影响下，作者学会了分享自己的传统节日，明白了跨文化理解的重要性。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线单词上文“Every September, I hated presenting the note my parents had expertly made to a teacher I was just getting to know. The note explained that I would be absent during the Jewish High Holidays of Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur.”（每年9月，我都讨厌把父母熟练地写的便条交给我刚刚认识的老师。这张便条解释说，我将在犹太节日和赎罪日缺席。）可知，作者不喜欢父母写便条告诉老师自己将在犹太节日和赎罪日缺席，因为他担心老师知道他是犹太人，由此可知，画线单词所在句表示作者担心老师会给自己贴上“犹太孩子”的标签，“Worried”意为“担心”，能够代替画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段内容“The real trouble always came as the local new year’s festival approached. I was Jewish and celebrated Hanukkah, not this festival. At school, on one day before the winter break, every class would sit in neat rows in the gym and sing songs from the festival. However, the music teacher sometimes played Dreidel, Dreidel, Dreidel, a Jewish festival song, and I would feel hundreds of eyes staring at my red cheeks. As my friends counted down the days until the festival, I counted the days until it was over and I could go back to feeling normal.”（真正的麻烦总是在当地的新年临近时出现。我是犹太人，庆祝光明节，而不是这个节日。在学校，在寒假的前一天，每个班级都会整齐地坐在体育馆里，唱节日歌曲。然而，音乐老师有时会演奏一首犹太节日歌曲Dreidel，Dreidel，Dreidel，我会感觉到数百只眼睛盯着我的红脸。当我的朋友们数着节日到来前的日子时，我数着节日结束前的日子，我可以恢复正常的感觉。）可知，作者不喜欢当地的新年，因为他是犹太人，庆祝光明节，而不是这个节日，文化差异导致作者感到尴尬，由此可知，在当地节日期间，真正使作者感到恼火的是文化差异。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“The children who had attended the presentation previously competed to answer questions. After my mom left, I would overhear them showing off their fried treats to kids in other classes.”（之前参加过介绍会的孩子们竞相回答问题。妈妈离开后，我会无意中听到他们向其他班的孩子炫耀他们的油炸食品。）可知，当作者的妈妈来介绍犹太节日时，孩子们竞相回答问题，在妈妈离开后，向其他班的孩子炫耀他们的油炸食品，由此可推断出，作者的同学热烈欢迎作者妈妈的到来。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容“My mom’s annual visits to my school sparked (激发) interest from other parents as well. Over the years, we had visits from parents who shared how festivals were celebrated in Germany and Italy.”（我妈妈每年都来访我的学校，这也激发了其他家长的兴趣。这些年来，我们有家长来访，他们分享了德国和意大利庆祝节日的方式。）和最后一段内容“My mom showed me, my classmates and their families that what sets us apart should be celebrated and shared, an intention which I continue to set for myself as I cycle through another holiday season.”（我妈妈告诉我、我的同学和他们的家人，让我们与众不同的东西应该被庆祝和分享，这是我在另一个假期里为自己设定的目标。）可知，作者的妈妈分享犹太节日的行为也激发了其他家长分享自己国家的传统节日，妈妈的行为也让我知道我们应该分享自己的传统文化，由此可知，妈妈在学校做的事情说明她鼓励跨文化理解。故选B项。
C
Today China is the world’s biggest consumer of wheat. But it wasn’t always that way.
Wheat only came to the area now known as northern China toward the end of the Neolithic period, some 4,600 years ago. Initially, wheat didn’t seem to be so delicious and had been treated as a crop of desperation rather than a cooking delight. The first farmers of northern China primarily grew millet, starting as early as 11,500 years ago. By the time of the Tang dynasty, wheat had replaced millet, becoming a major crop. But relatively little was known about exactly why this shift occurred.
In an attempt to track the answer, I accumulated a collection of nearly 1,200 data points covering more than 50 sites from the mid-Neolithic, about 9,000 years ago, to the collapse of the Eastern Han dynasty in 220 AD. The sites were across 8 modern provinces, ranging from Gansu province in the northwest to Shandong province in the east.
One possible explanation is a major climate shift, called the Holocene Event 3, which happened 4,000 to 4,500 years ago. At that time, the climate became colder and drier across continents, causing damage to crop production.
On top of this, the late Neolithic period was also a time of rapid population growth around the world. With an ever-increasing population and unsteady crop production, it is reasonable to assume that Neolithic farmers in northern China were struggling.
Wheat, it turns out, actually needs more water than millet, making it seem a poor choice for a dry period of history. But importantly, it can be sowed after millet has been harvested. That, we think, is the most likely reason why the people across northern China started to grow wheat.
From more extreme weather to changing coastlines, climate change has always brought unexpected and sometimes dramatic changes to societies. In this instance, the consequence of the Holocene Event 3 in northern China proved, eventually, delicious.
8. What can we learn about wheat from the second paragraph
A. It replaced millet for its great taste. B. It was a poor choice at the beginning.
C. It outnumbered millet 4,600 years ago. D. It was the earliest crop grown in China.
9. What do the figures in paragraph 3 show
A. The author found the exact answer. B. The author did worldwide research.
C. The author took the research seriously. D. The author was good at collecting data.
10. What was probably the main reason for northerners in China to grow wheat
A. The water supply was enough then. B. The harvest of millet was not satisfying.
C. It adjusted to the weather conditions better. D. It had an alternative sowing season with millet.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. How was millet introduced to China
B. Why did Chinese farmers switch to wheat
C. Why did China become the biggest wheat consumer
D. How was China’s wheat growth affected by climate change
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了小麦开始作为农作物的历史以及小麦成为了主要农作物这种转变的原因。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Initially, wheat didn’t seem to be so delicious and had been treated as a crop of desperation rather than a cooking delight.(起初，小麦似乎并不好吃，人们把它当作一种绝望的作物，而不是烹饪的乐趣)”可知，小麦一开始是一个糟糕的选择。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In an attempt to track the answer, I accumulated a collection of nearly 1,200 data points covering more than 50 sites from the mid-Neolithic, about 9,000 years ago, to the collapse of the Eastern Han dynasty in 220 AD. The sites were across 8 modem provinces, ranging from Gansu province in the northwest to Shandong province in the east.(为了找到答案，我收集了近1200个数据点，涵盖了50多个地点，从大约9000年前的新石器时代中期到公元220年东汉王朝的崩溃。这些遗址横跨8个现代省份，从西北部的甘肃省到东部的山东省)”可推知，第三段中的数字说明了作者认真对待这项研究。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But importantly, it can be sowed after millet has been harvested. That, we think, is the most likely reason why the people across northern China started to grow wheat.(但重要的是，它可以在谷子收获后播种。我们认为，这最有可能是中国北方人开始种植小麦的原因)”可知，中国北方人种植小麦的主要原因是它有一个可选择的播种季节。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Today China is the world’s biggest consumer of wheat. But it wasn’t always that way.(如今，中国是世界上最大的小麦消费国。但事情并不总是这样的)”以及第二段中“But relatively little was known about exactly why this shift occurred.(但人们对这种转变发生的确切原因知之甚少)”可知，文章介绍了小麦开始作为农作物的历史以及小麦成为了主要农作物这种转变的原因。可知，故B选项“为什么中国农民转向种植小麦？”最符合文章标题。故选B。
D
The robots are alive, and now they can reproduce.
That’s not a continuation to “The Terminator” It's the latest result of research among scientists at Harvard and the University of Vermont. These xenobots, named for the African frog Xenopus laevis, could move around and display collective behavior.
The researchers took stem cells (干细胞) from the skin of frog and put them in salt water, where they came together into balls with a covering of cilia, which are similar to small hairs and enable the organisms (生物体) to move. The scientists noticed that these organisms, xenobots, would collect any particles (粒子) placed in the dish to make piles. They started to wonder whether the tiny robots would do the same thing with individual stem cells, so they conducted a test.
Knowing that xenobots5 shapes affect their behavior, the researchers tried to figure out which form would help the organism to reproduce repeatedly. They discovered that a “C” shape seemed to be the best. The C-shaped xenobots gathered individual stem cells into groups, which became xenobots of their own. This type of reproduction is based on the organisms’ movement, rather than growing and then forming a new being as other animals and plants do.
Xenobots are on an unusual line between living organisms and robots. They are organisms because they are made of stem cells and can reproduce. But they are also robots because they can move on their own and perform physical labor. Although most robots are made of metal, robots are given the definition not by their material, but by what they can do.
Before now, Kriegman, a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard University, said, “no one has been using living materials as self-moving, self-powered robots.” The researchers hope that the xenobots can help them better understand the process of reproduction —a fundamental quality of life —and how to control it. Faced with a world full of self-reproducing problems, such as Covid-19, Kriegman said studying xenobots could lead scientists closer to solutions.
12 What inspired the researchers to perform an experiment
A. The position of particles. B. The gathering of stem cells.
C. The movement of organisms. D. The collective ability of xenobots.
13. What is special about the C-shaped xenobots reproduction
A. It's repeated constantly. B. It generates new beings.
C. It separates individual stem cells. D. It's based on xenobots’ motion.
14. How are xenobots defined as robots
A. By their function. B. By their reproduction.
C. By their unique component. D. By their physical appearance.
15. What can be inferred about the research from the last paragraph
A. It could make a breakthrough. B. It would bring scientists closer.
C. It could find the secret of reproduction. D. It would discover the solution to Covid-19.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项最新研究成果。研究人员研究出一种异种机器人，以非洲爪蟾命名，可以四处走动并且可以自我复制。研究人员希望这些异种机器人能帮助更好地理解生殖过程。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The scientists noticed that these organisms, xenobots, would collect any particles (粒子) placed in the dish to make piles. They started to wonder whether the tiny robots would do the same thing with individual stem cells, so they conducted a test.(科学家们注意到，这些有机体，异种机器人，会收集放在盘子里的任何颗粒并堆积起来。他们开始怀疑这些微型机器人是否会对单个干细胞做同样的事情，所以他们进行了一项试验。)”可知，xenobot的收集能力鼓舞研究人员进行了这项试验。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“They discovered that a “C” shape seemed to be the best. The C-shaped xenobots gathered individual stem cells into groups, which became xenobots of their own. This type of reproduction is based on the organisms’ movement, rather than growing and then forming a new being as other animals and plants do.( 他们发现“C”形似乎是最好的。这种 C形异种机器人将单个的干细胞聚集成一组，形成了自己的异种机器人。这种类型的繁殖是基于这个有机体的运动，而不是像其他动物和植物那样生长然后形成一个新的生物。)”可知，关于C形异种机器人的再创能力，其特殊之处是它基于运动。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Although most robots are made of metal, robots are given the definition not by their material, but by what they can do.(虽然大多数机器人是由金属制成的，但机器人的定义不是根据它们的材料，而是由它们能做什么来定义的。)”可知，异种机器人是通过它们的功能来定义机器人的。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Before now, Kriegman, a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard University, said, “no one has been using living materials as self-moving, self-powered robots. (在此之前，哈佛大学的博士后研究员克里格曼说，“还没有人使用生命材料用作自动移动、自动供电的机器人。”)”可推断，这项研究可能会取得重大突破。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Oscar Wilde once said, “Man is least himself when he talks in his own person. Give him a mask, and he will tell you the truth.” Art provides a way to communicate experiences when people lack verbal skills. _____16_____Art therapy is founded on the assumption that everyone is creative and capable of self-expression.
___17___ As a restorative practice, it allows people to express themselves in non-verbal ways, such as drawing and painting. Even a 45-minute creative activity can change a person's mental state. Working with an art therapist does even more: _____18_____
Young children typically draw and sing and dance without worrying about their abilities. Adults, however, often have complex feelings about art and art making. They begin to evaluate the quality of their art instead of focusing on self-expression itself. ____19____ However, art therapists can guide people in expressing themselves without concerning whether their artwork is technically brilliant, so that they can connect or reconnect with the artworks that help them deal with life challenges.
What are art therapists’ superpower They can channel dangerous thoughts into imaginative artworks. For instance, people with violent tendencies might let out their anger by hitting another human being. ____20____ These artistic choices satisfy the brain's desire for novelty without compromising personal safety.
A. Art therapy is a double-edged sword.
B. Thus, the many benefits of creative self-expression are lost.
C. They develop art as an expressive skill for solving problems.
D. But, obviously, releasing their anger in this way isn't a good choice.
E. Art therapy, in its own ways, can influence a range of human functioning.
F. It can significantly enhance positive moods and boost measures of well-being.
G. However, with art therapists’ help, their energy could be changed into creative products.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. F 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术疗法的概念以及其作用。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Oscar Wilde once said, “Man is least himself when he talks in his own person. Give him a mask, and he will tell you the truth.” Art provides a way to communicate experiences when people lack verbal skills.(王尔德曾经说过：“当人以自己的身份说话时，就越不是他自己。给他一个面具，他就会告诉你真相。”当人们缺乏语言能力时，艺术提供了一种交流经验的方式)”以及最后一段中“Art therapy is founded on the assumption that everyone is creative and capable of self-expression.(艺术疗法建立在每个人都有创造力和自我表达能力的假设上)”可知，上文提到人们把艺术当作一种交流经验的方式，后文则提到艺术疗法建立在自我表达能力的假设上，故本句是在说明人们将艺术发展成了一种表达技巧。C选项中expressive对应后文self-expression。故C选项“他们把艺术发展成一种解决问题的表达技巧”最符合语境，故选C。
【17题详解】
根据后文“As a restorative practice, it allows people to express themselves in non-verbal ways, such as drawing and painting. Even a 45-minute creative activity can change a person's mental state.(作为一种恢复性练习，它允许人们用非语言的方式表达自己，比如绘画。即使是45分钟的创造性活动也能改变一个人的精神状态)”可知，后文提到创造性活动可以改变人的精神状态，即艺术可以影响人的功能。故E选项“艺术疗法，以其自身的方式，可以影响一系列的人类功能”最符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Even a 45-minute creative activity can change a person's mental state. Working with an art therapist does even more(即使是45分钟的创造性活动也能改变一个人的精神状态。与艺术治疗师一起工作甚至可以做得更多)”可知，上文提到创造性活动可以改变人的精神状态，且与艺术治疗师可以做得更多，故本句是在说明艺术还能如何影响人的精神状态。故F选项“它能显著增强积极情绪，提高幸福感”最符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Young children typically draw and sing and dance without worrying about their abilities. Adults, however, often have complex feelings about art and art making. They begin to evaluate the quality of their art instead of focusing on self-expression itself.(小孩子通常会画画、唱歌、跳舞，并不担心他们的能力。然而，成年人往往对艺术和艺术创作有复杂的感情。他们开始评估自己的艺术质量，而不是关注自我表现本身)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出成年人更关注自己的艺术质量的结果：创造性自我表达的许多好处就失去了。故B选项“因此，创造性自我表达的许多好处就失去了”最符合语境，故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“What are art therapists’ superpower They can channel dangerous thoughts into imaginative artworks. For instance, people with violent tendencies might let out their anger by hitting another human being.(艺术治疗师的超能力是什么？他们可以把危险的想法转化成富有想象力的艺术品。例如，有暴力倾向的人可能会通过打别人来发泄他们的愤怒)”以及后文“These artistic choices satisfy the brain's desire for novelty without compromising personal safety.( 这些艺术选择在不损害个人安全的情况下满足了大脑对新奇事物的渴望)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出有暴力倾向的人是如何通过艺术治疗师的帮助，将精力转化成艺术且不伤害别人的，故G选项“然而，在艺术治疗师的帮助下，他们的精力可以转化为创造性的产品”最符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Most young people are always on their phones, which may upset many people. _____21_____, a group called Girl Scouts are receiving ____22____ for setting up their first walk-in clinic for elderly people, who have difficulty understanding how to _____23_____ the secrets of their smart phones.
Each teen spent at least an hour of one-on-one time with their oldsters. Based on their ____24____ knowledge, each Girl Scout was assigned to _____25_____ different aspects of Android and Apple phones.
Some of the oldsters actually wanted to take part in e-commerce (电子商务), and needed help to ____26____ a payment account on their smart phones while others simply had ____27____ when learning how to send messages to their family members. "I was teaching this older woman how to ____28____, and the first thing she did was to send a message to her daughter,” one of the Scouts said. “How _____29_____ it was! It just made me feel really, really happy.”
In addition to arranging group lessons for all of the seniors to ______30______ together at the end of the clinic, the youngsters even printed out brochures and guides for the seniors to take home in case ______31______ seniors would encounter problems with their smart phones in the future.
The eighth graders earned their “Silver Award,, for their job. After experiencing the ______32______ of their project, the girls hope to organize more ______33______ in the near future. “Those girls were just great,” said Nancy, a great-grandmother who once ______34______ the clinic. “They were ready for us and had a very mature attitude about answering our questions, and they _______35_______ the praise.
21. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. However D. Besides
22. A. service B. praise C. invitation D. donation
23. A. keep B. untie C. share D. unlock
24. A. technological B. medical C. psychological D. physical
25. A. record B. teach C. recall D. investigate
26. A. get back B. set up C. check out D. pay off
27. A. patience B. luck C. fun D. trouble
28. A. write B. phone C. text D. read
29. A. sweet B. simple C. rare D. common
30. A. play B. live C. talk D. review
31. A. amazed B. experienced C. confused D. respected
32. A. success B. arrangement C. change D. pressure
33 A. performances B. clinics C. clubs D. competitions
34. A. organized B. managed C. visited D. funded
35. A. needed B. refused C. enjoyed D. deserved
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名为女童子军的组织教授老年人使用智能手机并受到了老年人的欢迎和赞扬。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个名为女童子军的组织因首次为不懂如何解锁智能手机的老年人设立了免预约诊所而受到赞扬。A. Otherwise否则；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Besides此外。根据前文“Most young people are always on their phones, which may upset many people.”及后文“a group called Girl Scouts are receiving 2 for setting up their first walk-in clinic for elderly people”可知，两句话之间存在转折关系，所以要用however来表示这种关系。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个名为女童子军的组织因首次为不懂如何解锁智能手机的老年人设立了免预约诊所而受到赞扬。A. service服务；B. praise赞美；C. invitation邀请；D. donation捐款。根据下文这个女童子军组织为不懂如何解锁智能手机的老年人设立了免预约诊所，所有应该受到老年人的赞美。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个名为女童子军的组织因首次为不懂如何解锁智能手机的老年人设立了免预约诊所而受到赞扬。A. keep保持；B. untie解开；C. share分享；D. unlock解锁。根据下文“the secrets of their smart phones.”可知，这群女童子军组织为老年人解锁智能手机。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：基于她们的技术知识，每个女童子军被分配教不同方面的安卓和苹果手机。A. technological技术 上的；B. medical医疗的；C. psychological心理上的；D. physical物理的。根据下文“each Girl Scout was assigned to 5 different aspects of Android and Apple phones.”可知，每个女童子军被分配教不同方面的安卓和苹果手机，所以是根据她们技术上的知识进行分工的。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：基于她们的技术知识，每个女童子军被分配教不同方面的安卓和苹果手机。A. record记录；B. teach教；C. recall回忆；D. investigate调查。根据下文“Some of the oldsters actually wanted to take part in e-commerce (电子商务), and needed help to 6 a payment account on their smart phones while others simply had 7 when learning how to send messages to their family members.”可知，每个女童子军被分配去教老年人使用智能手机。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一些老人真正想参加电子商务，他们需要帮助在他们的智能手机上建立一个支付账户；而另一些老年人仅仅是在学习如何给他们的家人发送消息方面有困难。A. get back回来；B. set up建立；C. check out查看；D. pay off偿还。根据下文“a payment account on their smart phones”可知，这些老人需要在他们手机上建立支付账户。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些老人真正想参加电子商务，他们需要帮助在他们的智能手机上建立一个支付账户；而另一些老年人仅仅是在学习如何给他们的家人发送消息方面有困难。A. patience耐心；B. luck运气；C. fun有趣；D. trouble麻烦，困难。根据前文的语境可知，这些女童子军在帮助老人们使用智能手机，只有老人在使用智能手机有困难时才需要帮助。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一名童子军成员说“我教一位年长的妇女如何发短信，她做的第一件事就是给女儿发信息。这多么甜蜜啊!这让我感到非常非常开心。”A. write写；B. phone打电话；C. text发信息；D. read读。根据下文“and the first thing she did was to send a message to her daughter”可知，这名童子军成员是在教一位年长的妇女如何发短信。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一名童子军成员说“我教一位年长的妇女如何发短信，她做的第一件事就是给女儿发信息。这多么甜蜜啊!这让我感到非常非常开心。”A. sweet甜蜜的；B. simple简单的；C. rare罕见的；D. common常见的。根据后文“It just made me feel really, really happy.”可知，教年长的妇女如何发信息使这名童子军成员很甜蜜。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了在诊所结束时为所有的老年人安排集体课程一起复习外，年轻人甚至打印了一些小册子和指南，让老年人带回家，以防困惑的老年人在未来遇到智能手机的问题。A. play玩；B. live住；C. talk说话；D. review复习。结合语境可知，这群童子军成员在活动结束时为所有的老年人安排集体课程一起复习他们所学到的手机使用技能。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了在诊所结束时为所有老年人安排集体课程一起复习外，年轻人甚至打印了一些小册子和指南，让老年人带回家，以防困惑的老年人在未来遇到智能手机的问题。A. amazed惊讶的；B. experienced有经验的；C. confused困惑的；D. respected受尊重的。根据后文“would encounter problems with their smart phones in the future.”可知，在未来遇到智能手机的问题的老年人，所以应该是感到困惑的老年人。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在经历了项目的成功后，女孩们希望在不久的将来组织更多的诊所。A. success成功；B. arrangement安排；C. change改变；D. pressure压力。根据后文“the girls hope to organize more 13 in the near future.”可知，女孩们希望在不久的将来组织更多的诊所，所以该项目获得了成功。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在经历了项目的成功后，女孩们希望在不久的将来组织更多的诊所。A. performances表演；B. clinics诊所；C. clubs俱乐部；D. competitions比赛。根据前文“setting up their first walk-in clinic for elderly people.”可知，女孩们希望在不久的将来组织更多的诊所。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：曾来过这家诊所的曾祖母南希说：“那些女孩太棒了，她们为我们做好了准备，在回答我们的问题时态度非常成熟，她们值得称赞。”。A. organized组织；B. managed管理；C. visited访问；D. funded资助。根据后文“They were ready for us and had a very mature attitude about answering our questions”可知，曾祖母南希曾经到访过这家诊所。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：曾来过这家诊所的曾祖母南希说：“那些女孩太棒了，她们为我们做好了准备，在回答我们的问题时态度非常成熟，她们值得称赞。”A. needed需要；B. refused拒绝；C. enjoyed享受；D. deserved应得的。根据前文“They were ready for us and had a very mature attitude about answering our questions”可知，这群女孩们用非常成熟态度回答南希们的问题，所以这些女孩应值得称赞。故选D项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new group of free employees have been added to a French workforce. So far, a theme park in western France ____36____ (employ) six birds, more exactly six crows, to collect and deal with garbage — mainly cigarette ends and other small pieces. The birds take the _____37_____ (collect) trash to special bins where they can receive bird food in exchange _____38_____ putting away the litter.
Park president Nicolas said, “The purpose of employing the crows is to educate people to take up their social ______39______ (responsible). Since the birds are able to do _____40_____ we are much more able to do than them, we should do this by ourselves
Crows have long been observed for their various amazing _____41_____ (display) of intelligence. They are one of the _____42_____ (smart) groups of animals on earth, with remarkable problem solving, tool making, and deductive (演绎) reasoning skills.
In addition to inspiring humans to pick up trash, the clever crows currently ____43____ (work) at the park are pretty excited to put their intelligence to work.
“It has become ____44____ exciting game for them” Nicolas says. “They pick up the trash on the ground, and every day they _____45_____ (reward) for what they have done.”
【答案】36. has employed
37. collected
38. for 39. responsibilities##responsibility
40. what 41. displays
42. smartest
43. working
44. an 45. are rewarded
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了法国西部的一个主题公园雇佣了六只乌鸦来收集和处理垃圾，目的是为了教育人们承担其社会责任。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，法国西部的一个主题公园雇佣了六只鸟，更准确地说是六只乌鸦，来收集和处理垃圾——主要是烟头和其他小碎片。分析句子成分可知，此处缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语so far，可知时态为现在完成时；句子主语a theme park和谓语employ之间是主动关系，且主语是单数名词。故填has employed。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些鸟把收集到的垃圾送到专门的箱子里，在那里它们可以得到鸟的食物，作为交换，它们要把垃圾扔掉。trash为名词，它和collect之间是被动关系，根据句意可知，提示词做前置定语来修饰名词trash，与trash之间是被动关系，用过去分词collected表示“收集到的”。故填collected。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：这些鸟把收集到的垃圾送到专门的箱子里，在那里它们可以得到鸟的食物，作为交换，它们要把垃圾扔掉。根据固定搭配in exchange for意为“作为……的交换”，所以应填介词for。故填for。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：雇佣乌鸦的目的是教育人们承担社会责任/职责。根据上文social可知，这里需要填一个名词，responsible 为形容词，意为“负责任的”，其名词形式为responsibility，意为“责任”时，为不可数名词；意为“职责”时，为可数名词；所以这里可以填其两种形式。故填responsibilities/responsibility。
【40题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：既然鸟类能做我们比它们更有能力做的事，我们不应该自己做吗 分析句子成分可知，此处do后是一个宾语从句，宾语从句中缺宾语，应用连接代词what，表示“我们比它们更有能力做的事”。故填what。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：人们长期以来一直观察到乌鸦表现出各种各样令人惊叹的智慧。根据上文their various可知，这里需要填一个可数名词的复数形式。故填displays。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们是地球上最聪明的动物之一，有着惊人的解决问题、工具制造、演绎推理技能。根据固定结构“one of +形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”，所以这里应该smart的最高级形式。故填smartest。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：除了激励人类去捡垃圾外，目前在公园工作的聪明乌鸦也非常兴奋地将它们的智慧用于工作。分析句子成分可知，此空应填非谓语动词；work与逻辑主语crows之间的关系为主动关系，所以这里应用现在分词做后置定语，意为“正在工作的”。故填working。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：“对他们来说，这已经成为一项令人兴奋的游戏”，Nicolas说。game为可数名词，此处表示泛指，exciting发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an限定。故填an。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：他们捡起地上垃圾，并且每天都因为他们所做的而得到奖励。分析句子成分可知，此处缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语every day，可知时态为一般现在时；又因句子主语为they和reward之间为被动关系且主语是复数代词。故填are rewarded。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Grow Up Healthy为题，写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1.简述现状;
2.提出建议;
3.发起倡议。
注意：
1.词数80左右;
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Grow Up Healthy
Good morning, everyone!
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you.
【答案】Grow Up Healthy
Good morning, everyone! Recently I find that some classmates lead an unhealthy life. Although we are under great pressure on study, it is necessary for us to live a healthy campus life.
Firstly, we should widely promote the healthy lifestyles. More and more fat students are appearing in our school due to the shortage of exercise. We can invite a professional doctor to our school to demonstrate the dangers that fat can bring to us. In addition, we should pay attention to improving healthy living environment. Last but not least, PE lessons should be insured about four lessons week, and the breaks between two lessons should not be used to do other thing.
I hope my advice can contribute a lot to students’ health. That’s all. Thank you.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Grow Up Healthy”为题，写一篇发言稿，参加英语演讲比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
出现：appear→turn up
由于：due to→because of
此外：in addition→besides
建议：advice→suggestion
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Firstly, we should widely promote the healthy lifestyles.
拓展句：Firstly, we should widely promote the lifestyles which are healthy.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Although we are under great pressure on study, it is necessary for us to live a healthy campus life.（运用了although引导的让步状语从句）
【高分句型2】We can invite a professional doctor to our school to demonstrate the dangers that fat can bring to us.（运用了that引导的定语从句）
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last March, Margarito drove to visit his mother who lived in the countryside. When he set off for home, Margarito’s mother looked at the dark sky and noticed the sign of a coming storm. Worried about her son’s safety, she told him to drive as carefully as possible on his way home and he promised to give her a call upon his arrival.
With his mother’s words in mind, Margarito approached the main road carefully. Soon, it started to rain heavily. Eager to get home, Margarito began to drive faster. Two hours later, he came to a bumpy mountain road that had been flooded by a creek (小溪). Margarito, driving a four-wheel drive truck, figured that he would be OK. At that moment, he didn’t realize that such a thought would be a big mistake.
It was halfway across the creek that an unfortunate incident took place: The rushing waters grabbed hold of his vehicle, pushing it off the road and sending it down a rocky creek bed. The truck finally stopped some 80 feet away. Margarito’s problems only grew from there as the water had somehow positioned the truck into the creek bank at a 45-degree angle, making it difficult for him to open the driver’s side door. Injured and trapped inside with the muddy water rising quickly, Margarito was certain he was going to die. Shaking with fear, he was at a loss about what to do.
On the road right behind Margarito were a delivery worker named Steve and his nephew Mike, who were on the way to deliver furniture to customers in the countryside. They witnessed the horrible incident, and when Margarito’s truck came to rest in the middle of the overflowing creek, Steve quickly began to take action. First, he grabbed a rope from the back of his vehicle and used it to ensure he could safely approach the truck.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Next, he turned to Mike and yelled, “Give me a rock!”
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Margarito was about to thank Steve and Mike when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Next, he turned to Mike and yelled, “Give me a rock!” With the rock, he hit the window over and over but had little success. Steve then shouted to Margarito to move away from the window. He balanced himself on the truck, leaned back and threw the rock at the window. Finally, the glass broke and Steve kicked in the remaining pieces of glass. Relieved, Margarito reached out for Steve’s hand and was rescued. The two men escaped and returned to safety.
Margarito was about to thank Steve and Mike when the mobile phone in his jacket pocket rang. With trembling hands, Margarito took out the phone and pressed it to his ear. His mother’s anxious voice came over the phone, “Are you home yet Everything’s good ” Tears welled up in his eyes at the familiar sound of concern. Margarito choked up as he explained the accident to his mom and comforted her. Hanging up the phone, he turned to Steve and Mike and sincerely thanked both of them. Cold as the rain was, great warmth filled his heart like never before.
【解析】
【导语】本文以玛格丽托开车去看望住在乡下的母亲为线索展开，讲述了去年3月，玛格丽托去看望住在乡下的母亲，返程途中遭遇到了暴风雨，他的车被卡在山路上的一条小溪中间，他受伤了并被困在里面，这时，送货员史蒂夫和他的侄子迈克目睹了这可怕的一幕，他们把玛格丽托从车里救了出来。玛格丽托对两位营救他的恩人非常感激。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“接着，他转向迈克喊道：“给我一块石头！”。”可知，第一段可描写送货员史蒂夫看到玛格丽托被困在车里，立刻想到了必须马上用石头砸破车窗户，把玛格丽托营救出来，详细叙述他营救玛格丽托的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“玛格丽托正要感谢史蒂夫和迈克，这时他夹克口袋里的手机响了。”可知，第二段可描写玛格丽托被救后接到了他母亲的电话，电话中他向母亲讲述了刚才自己经历的惊险一幕，挂断电话后，玛格丽托向史蒂夫和迈克表达的真诚的感谢之情。
2.续写线索：史蒂夫砸车窗——玛格丽托获救——玛格丽托接到母亲电话——玛格丽托表达感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①喊叫：shout / yell out
②营救，得救：rescue /save
③解释：explain /interpret/illustrate
情绪类
①焦急的：anxious / worried
②真诚地：sincerely /honestly
【点睛】【高分句型1】
Margarito choked up as he explained the accident to his mom and comforted her.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】
Cold as the rain was, great warmth filled his heart like never before. (运用了形容词+as +主语+系动词倒装句型)

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