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武汉中学2023-2024学年度五月月考
高二英语试卷
考试时间：2023年5月30日;试卷满分：150分
第Ⅰ卷(选择题)
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers probably
A. At home. B. In a library. C. In a zoo.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Look at this house. Books are all over the floor, and dirty plates are in the sink. Do we live in a zoo
M: I have exams soon. I don’t have time to do anything but read.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How will tourists travel around the village
A By bus. B. By car. C. On foot.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: After we get to the village by bus, how can we get around there
M: Walking is the only way for tourists to move around the village. No other private vehicles are allowed.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man invited to do this evening
A. Go to the cinema. B. See an art show. C. Watch a basketball game.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Would you like to go to the art show this evening
M: I wish I could make it. But I have had a rough basketball match. I am really tired and want to see a film at home.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does Brian go to the hospital
A. To see a patient. B. To see a doctor. C. To bring a book to Mary.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi! Mary. The doctor says you are well on the way to recovery. Do you have everything you need in the hospital
W: Thanks, Brian. It would be nice to have a good book to read.
M: Consider it done.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the woman trying to do
A. Type a report. B. Print out a file. C. Set up a cloud drive.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Can I access my cloud drive from your computer to print out my report My laptop has stopped working.
M: Sure. Why not access it through your phone
W: You’re right. I didn’t think of that.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What are the speakers talking about
A. A party. B. A picnic. C. Sunbathing.
7. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Husband and wife. B. Hostess and guest. C. Customer and waitress.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: It’s so peaceful here, and the view is lovely.
M: Yes. It’s great to escape from the city for a change. Let’s put the blanket under the tree so that we get some shade.
W: Good idea. I have prepared many delicious things to eat.
M: Did you remember to bring some wine
W: I did. There’s wine, beer, and soft drinks in the cooler.
M: Well done. Next time, let’s bring our daughter here for some fresh air and sun.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What does the woman say about the new toy car
A. It is a bargain. B. It is brightly colored. C. It makes various sounds.
9. Who did the woman buy the toy car for
A. Her son. B. Her nephew. C. Her grandson.
10. What is the man’s real worry about the truck
A. Its safety. B. Its cost. C. Its speed.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hey. Look at what I bought at the store. Isn’t this toy car cool It isn’t colorful, but it makes all kinds of sounds.
M: Wait. You bought five toys yesterday. I can’t believe you bought another toy today.
W: Actually, I bought two today. When I saw our nephew driving a truck, I think I have to buy our grandson a truck.
M: So, where’s the truck
W: There’s going to be a problem. I can’t get it in the door.
M: Is it outside That’s NOT a toy truck. That’s a REAL truck!
W: But our grandson and I can enjoy it together.
M: What
W: It was on sale. We can drive up in the mountains, sleep under the stars, and go fishing.
M: Really You’ll be paying for that truck forever.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Why did the team lose the first match
A. Two star players were injured.
B. The judges made terrible calls.
C. The opposing team was stronger.
12. Which match was particularly embarrassing for the man’s team
A. The first. B. The second. C. The final.
13. What has the man decided to do next
A. Go to cheer his team. B. Support another team. C. Watch chess online.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hey! Have you been watching any of the World Cup soccer matches
M: Well, I was watching until my favorite team was knocked out of the first round of play.
W: What do you mean
M: Well in the first match, two of their star players were out with severe injuries, so the rest of the players couldn’t keep up with the opposing team.
W: Well, that’s just life. Every team is going to have players out with injuries.
M: Yeah, but in the second match, the judges made some terrible calls, allowing the opposing team to slip by with a victory. And in the final match, our team was ahead until one of our players accidentally kicked the ball twice into his own goal. It was a total embarrassment for our team.
W: So, who are you supporting now
M: Ah, I won’t watch any more soccer. I’m determined to follow an online chess tournament.
W: What That is ridiculous.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What is the man most interested in
A. Cleaning. B. Customer service. C. Housekeeping.
15. What is the man’s major at college
A. Opera. B. History. C. Spanish.
16. When does the man expect to start work
A. On 25th. B. On 26th. C. On 27th.
【答案】14. B 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, Pembroke Holidays, Mary speaking.
M: Hello. I’m studying at the community college and I’d like to find a part-time job on the weekends.
W: I see. What kind of job would you like to apply for
M: Customer service. I like to talk to different kinds of people and help them solve their problems.
W: Good. Have you ever thought about cleaning or housekeeping At the moment we also have positions in those areas.
M: Absolutely yes, but I think that customer service would suit me better.
W: Good. What are you studying at college
M: My major is opera, and I take history as a minor subject. I’m also good at speaking Spanish.
W: OK, so when would you like to start working
M: Well, 25th August works for me. I will have a week-long trip and I probably won’t come back until then. But I’d appreciate it if I could rest for two days before starting. So that would be the 27th.
W: I understand. Thank you for your enquiry.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What is Rachid Bouanou at present
A. A sailor. B. A bookseller. C. A repairman.
18. How many book stands are open along the Seine River now
A. 230. B. 247. C. 500.
19. What are the booksellers allowed to do
A. Use the spots forever. B. Pay the rent by the year. C. Close up at most three days a week.
20. How does Kubilai Iksel feel about the return of the book stands
A. Excited. B. Shocked. C. Worried.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】Nowadays, foreign visitors have been returning to Paris. And outdoor booksellers have also made their return to the neighborhood near Paris’ famous Seine River. The tradition of selling secondhand books by the Seine River dates back to 500 years ago.
Rachid Bouanou is a former sailor and repairman. He is now selling secondhand books to visitors as they pass by.
The Paris city government recently approved Bouanou and 17 other new riverside booksellers. This brings the total number of booksellers along the river to 230. The city government permits the riverside spots to be used for five years. The booksellers do not pay rent, but they must stay open at least four days a week.
The Seine book stands are not only for tourists. Parisians also love to walk along the river and look through the booksellers’ offerings. Kubilai Iksel is a 27-year-old Parisian. He says, “It’s very encouraging that new sellers have arrived. It’s a sign that it’s not going to disappear. It’s one of the most wonderful things about Paris.”
第二部分阅读
第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
From Antarctica to Alaska, our expedition cruises—operated through our alliance with Lindblad Expeditions—bring you to some of the most remote and unspoiled places on the planet.
A Circumnavigation of Iceland
11 DAYS FROM $12,280 Trip Type: Expedition Cruise Group Size: Max 148 Available Departures: Jul 8-17, 2024 / Jul 17-26, 2024
EXPEDITION OVERVIEW: 1.Enjoy unparalleled access to Iceland’s most remote landscapes, including offshore islands near the Arctic Circle. 2.Capture images of charming lava landscapes, towering waterfalls, and sea birds in flight. 3.Explore Iceland’s coastal geology by Zodiac or kayak. Cruise among the icebergs of the J kulsárlón ice lagoon(潟湖) in a small boat or go by 4x4 jeep into the highlands of southern Iceland.
Alaska Inside Passage
8 DAYS FROM $7,560 Trip Trip Type: Expedition Cruise Group Size: Max 98 Available Departures: May 6-11, 2024 / May 21-26-11, 2024
EXPEDITION OVERVIEW: 1. Experience in-depth exploration of icebergs, melting glaciers, and hidden bays with a fleet of expedition landing craft and kayaks. 2. Glimpse Alaska’s seldom-seen marine life alongside our undersea specialist, and listen to communication among whales. 3. Meet members of the Alaska Whale Foundation to learn about the behaviors of the area whale population.
Easter Island to Tahiti
19 DAYS FROM $21,280 Trip Type: Expedition Cruise Group Size: Max 102 Available Departures: Apr 5-23, 2023 / May 10-25, 2023
EXPEDITION OVERVIEW: 1. Visit Easter Island and dig into a fascinating lost culture, examining ancient burial sites and towering moai(摩埃石像). 2. Snorkel(用通气管潜泳)the unspoiled reefs of Fakarava, part of a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and identified as one of the healthiest reef systems in the world. 3. Explore the unusual geology of Henderson Island with our naturalists, and seek out the isle’s four local bird species.
Prices vary with departures.
Click here to reserve or call 1-888-966-8687.
21. Which destination is suitable for a birdwatcher who is fond of diving
A. Antarctica. B. Iceland. C. Alaska. D. Tahiti.
22. What can we learn from the text
A. All of the routes are taken by sea.
B. All of the routes take more than two weeks.
C. The most expensive route is within $21,280.
D. The group sizes can all reach up to one hundred.
23. Where can the text be found
A. A travel brochure. B. A tour website.
C. An entertainment weekly. D. A geography magazine.
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些地球上一些最偏远和未被破坏的地方的旅行。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Easter Island to Tahiti这一部分中“Snorkel(用通气管潜泳) the unspoiled reefs of Fakarava, part of a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and identified as one of the healthiest reef systems in the world (在Fakarava未受破坏的珊瑚礁潜泳，Fakarava是联合国教科文组织生物圈保护区的一部分，被确定为世界上最健康的珊瑚礁系统之一)”以及“Explore the unusual geology of Henderson Island with our naturalists, and seek out the isle’s four local bird species. (与我们的博物学家一起探索亨德森岛不寻常的地质，并寻找岛上的四种当地鸟类)”可知，如果你喜欢鸟类也想潜水，可以前往Tahiti。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据每个项目中的“Expedition Cruise(探险巡航)”以及第一段“From Antarctica to Alaska, our expedition cruises—operated through our alliance with Lindblad Expeditions—bring you to some of the most remote and unspoiled places on the planet (从南极洲到阿拉斯加，我们的探险游轮——通过我们与Lindblad expedition的联盟运营——将您带到地球上一些最偏远和未受破坏的地方)”可知，所有的路线都是走海路。故选A。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Click here to reserve or call 1-888-966-8687(点击这里预约或拨打1-888-966-8687)”可推知，本文选自于一篇旅游网站。故选B。
B
When I was young, a friend and I came up with a “big” plan to make reading easy. The idea was to boil down great books to a sentence each. “Moby-Dick” by American writer Herman Melville, for instance, was reduced to: “A whale of a tale about the one that got away.” As it turned out, the joke was on us. How could a single sentence convey the essence (精髓) of a masterpiece with over five hundred pages
Blinkist, a website and an app, now summarizes nonfiction titles in the form of quick takes labeled “blinks”. The end result is more than one sentence, but not by much. Sarah Bakewell’s “At the Existentialist Café” is broken into 11 screens of information; Michelle Obama’s “Becoming” fills 13.
Blinkist has been around since 2012. It calls its summaries “15-minute discoveries” to indicate how long it takes to read a Blinkist summary. “Almost none of us,” the editors assure us, “have the time to read everything we’d like to read.”
But I think a book is something we ought to live with, rather than speed through and categorize. It offers an experience as real as any other. The point of reading a book is not accumulating information, or at least not that alone. The most essential aspect is the communication between writer and reader. The idea behind Blinkist, however, is the opposite: Reading can be, should be, measured by the efficient uptake (吸收) of key ideas.
No, no, no. What’s best about reading books is its inefficiency. When reading a book, we need to dive in, let it take over us, demand something of us, teach us what it can. Blinkist is instead a service that changes books for people who don’t, in fact, want to read. A 15-minute summary misses the point of reading; speed-reading with the app isn’t reading at all.
24. What does the underlined part “the joke was on us” in Paragraph 1 mean
A. We were actually joking. B. We were laughed at by others.
C. We were underestimating’ ourselves. D. We were just embarrassing ourselves.
25. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A. What Blinkist is. B. Why Blinkist is popular.
C. How to use Blinkist. D. Where you can use Blinkist.
26. What is an ideal pattern of reading according to the author
A. Obtaining key ideas efficiently. B. Further confirming our beliefs.
C. Accumulating information quickly. D. Deeply involving ourselves in books.
27. What is the author’s attitude to Blinkist
A. Positive. B. Negative C. Uncaring. D. Tolerant.
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Blinkist是一款以快速阅读的形式来总结非虚构小说的应用程序。然而在作者看来，这款应用程序所提供的阅读方式并不是真正的阅读，因为真正的阅读是需要我们全身心地投入到书中的。
【24题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中“The idea was to boil down great books to a sentence each. “Moby-Dick” by American writer Herman Melville, for instance, was reduced to: “A whale of a tale about the one that got away.”(这个想法是将伟大的书籍简化为一个句子。例如，美国作家Herman Melville的《白鲸》就被简化为:“一个关于逃走的那个人的故事。”)”和划线句子下文“How could a single sentence convey the essence (精髓)of a masterpiece with over five hundred pages (一句话怎么能表达出一部五百多页的杰作的精髓呢？)”可知，作者和朋友想把一些伟大的书籍简化为一个句子，但是当他们把《白鲸》简化为：“一个关于逃走的那个人的故事。”时，他们发现用一句话是根本无法表达出一部五百多页杰作的精髓，他们简直是在自取其辱。由此可推知，划线句子，与D项“自取其辱”意思接近。故选D。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Blinkist, a website and an app, now summarizes nonfiction titles in the form of quick takes labeled “blinks”. The end result is more than one sentence, but not by much. Sarah Bakewell’s “At the Existentialist Café” is broken into 11 screens of information; Michelle Obama’s “Becoming” fills 13.(Blinkist，一个网站和一个应用程序，现在号称为“blinks”的快速形式总结非小说标题。最终的结果是不止一句话，但不多。莎拉·贝克威尔的《在存在主义咖啡馆》被分解成11个信息屏幕；米歇尔·奥巴马的《成为》占了13个屏幕)”可知，第二段主要介绍了什么是Blinkist。故选A。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“What’s best about reading books is its inefficiency. When reading a book, we need to dive in, let it take over us, demand something of us, teach us what it can. (阅读最好的地方就是它的低效率。当我们阅读一本书时，我们需要全身心的投入，让它控制我们，要求我们做一些事情，教会我们它能做什么。”可知，作者认为理想的阅读模式是全身心地投入到书中。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Blinkist is instead a service that changes books for people who don’t, in fact, want to read. A 15-minute summary misses the point of reading; speed-reading with the app isn’t reading at all.(Blinkist是一个为那些实际上并不想读书的人更换书籍的服务。15分钟的摘要没有抓住阅读的要点；使用应用程序进行快速阅读根本就不是阅读)”可推知，作者对Blinkist的态度是否定的。故选B。
C
In habitats across the planet, animals periodically drop everything to walk, fly or swim to a new place. Wildlife such as whales and geese learn migration paths by following their parents. Others, including small songbirds, gain the distance and direction of their migration within their genetic code. And some animals use a combination of genetics and culture to guide their migration.
Another group of migrators does not quite fit either model, and researchers have only recently started to figure out how they find their way. Take the Cory’s shearwater, an oceangoing sea bird that migrates over the Atlantic every year. The young do not migrate with their parents, so culture cannot explain their journeys. And the exact paths vary wildly from individual to individual, making genetics equally unlikely.
Cory’s shearwaters are long-lived, rarely producing young successfully before age nine. This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns. Researchers call this the “exploration-refinement”, and until now it has been hypothetical (假设的) because of difficulties in tracking migratory animals’ movements.
But a team of researchers has done that by attaching small geolocators to more than 150 of the birds aged four to nine. They found that younger birds traveled longer distances, for longer periods, and had more diverse paths than older birds. “We finally have evidence of the ‘exploration-refinement’ for migratory birds,” says Letizia Campioni, who led the study. Younger Cory’s shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults— but they do not, suggesting that the young do more exploring, which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course.
Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies, “exploration refinement could be beneficial to birds and other organisms in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictable man-made changes,” says Barbara Frei. “It might be safer to repeat a behavior that was recently successful than to rely on patterns that were perfected long ago but might no longer be safe.”
28. What is the first paragraph mainly about .
A. It describes animals’ habitats. B. It talks about migration models.
C. It compares different species. D. It introduces a tracking technology.
29. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. The opening for learning and practice.
B The unique living habit of Cory’s shearwaters.
C. The way Cory’s shearwaters form their migration patterns.
D. The process scientists track Cory’s shearwaters’ movements.
30. What does Letizia’s study find about the younger Cory’s shearwaters
A. They travel as much as adult birds.
B. They move in a predictable manner.
C. They lower the speed for exploration.
D. They look for a course with their parents.
31. What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A. Man-made changes make migration easier.
B. Animals make a safer journey via a fixed track.
C. Course exploration contributes to birds’ adaptability.
D. A combination of strategies assures migration success.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. C 31. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对科里海鸥迁徙的模式的研究。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Wildlife such as whales and geese learn migration paths by following their parents. Others, including small songbirds, gain the distance and direction of their migration within their genetic code. And some animals use a combination of genetics and culture to guide their migration.(像鲸鱼和大雁这样的野生动物通过跟随父母学习迁徙路线。其他鸟类，包括小型鸣禽，在它们的遗传密码中获得了迁徙的距离和方向。一些动物利用遗传和文化的结合来指导它们的迁移)”可知，本段主要讲述动物迁徙的模式。故选B项。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Cory’s shearwaters are long-lived, rarely producing young successfully before age nine. This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns.(科里海鸥的寿命很长，很少能在九岁之前成功产下幼崽。这为学习和实践发展它们的迁移模式提供了机会)”和“Researchers call this the “exploration-refinement”(研究人员称之为“探索-精炼”)”可知，此处指研究人员称这种模式为“探索-精炼”，第三段中划线的this指代的是科里海鸥形成迁徙模式的方式。故选C项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Younger Cory’s shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults— but they do not, suggesting that the young do more exploring, which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course.(年轻的科里海鸥能够和成年海鸥一样快地飞行，但它们没有，这表明年轻的科里海鸥会进行更多的探索，随着它们成熟并确定了自己喜欢的路线，这种探索逐渐消失)”可知，莱蒂齐亚的研究发现小科里海鸥为了探索降低了它们的飞行速度。故选C项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies, “exploration refinement could be beneficial to birds and other organisms in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictable man-made changes,” says Barbara Frei.(芭芭拉·弗雷说：“尽管它看起来比其他策略效率低，但在一个由于不可预测的人为变化而迅速变化的世界中，探索精炼可能对鸟类和其他生物有益”)”推知，路线探索有助于鸟类的适应能力。故选C项。
D
Millions of migratory(迁徙的)birds occupy seasonally favorable breeding(繁殖)grounds in the Arctic, but scientists know little about the formation, maintenance and future of the migration routes of Arctic birds and the genetic determinants of migratory distance. In a new study, a multinational team of researchers under the leadership of Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang from the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences integrated two state-of-the-art techniques-satellite tracking and whole genome sequencing(基因排序)-and established a continental-scale migration system of peregrine falcons in Eurasian Arctic.
The researchers tracked 56 peregrine falcons from six Eurasian Arctic breeding populations and sequenced 35 genomes from four of these populations to study the migration of this species. They found that the birds used five migration routes across Eurasia, probably established between the last Ice Age 22, 000 years ago and the middle-Holocene 6, 000 years ago. “Peregrine falcons initiated their autumn migration mainly in September, and arrived at their wintering areas mainly in October, " said Professor Mike Bruford, an ecologist at Cardiff University. “Peregrine falcons that depart from different breeding grounds use different routes, and winter at widely distributed sites across four distinct regions. Individual birds that were tracked for more than one year exhibited strong path repeatability during migration, complete loyalty to wintering locations and limited breeding dispersal(扩散). ”
The researchers quantified the migration strategies and found that migration distance is the most significant differentiation. They used whole genome sequencing and found a gene-ADCY8, which is known to be involved in long-term memory in other animals in previous research- associated with differences in migratory distance. They found ADCY8 had a variant at high frequency in long-distance migrant populations of peregrine falcons, indicating this variant is being favorably selected because it may increase powers of long-term memory thought to be essential for long-distance migration.
“Previous studies have identified several candidate genomic regions that may regulate migration-but our work is the strongest demonstration of a specific gene associated with migratory behavior yet identified, ”Professor Bruford said. The researchers further looked at models of likely future migration behavior to predict the impact of global warming. If the climate warms at the same rate as it has in recent decades, they predict peregrine populations in western Eurasia have the highest probability of population decline and may stop migrating altogether.
“Our work is the first to begin to understand the way ecological factors may interact in migratory birds, ” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hope it will serve as a cornerstone to help conserve migratory species in the world. ”
32. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A. Five birds’ historical migration routes were rebuilt.
B. Peregrine falcons stick to the areas where they winter.
C. Two novel research methods of migration were invented.
D. Peregrine falcons leave for Arctic regions in September.
33. What can we infer about ADCY8
A. It is a newly-discovered gene in the new study.
B. It serves as a fundamental part of long-distance migration.
C. It could be strengthened by the power of long-term memory.
D. It turned out to be more favored by birds than the other animals.
34. What is special about the new study
A. It has discovered a new genomic region of birds.
B. It has predicted the rate at which the climate warms.
C. It analyses the reasons for the decrease of peregrine falcons.
D. It encourages attention to environmental effects on migratory birds.
35. Which would be the best title for this passage
A. Researchers Help Conserve Migratory Species
B. Biologists Find Evidence of Migration Gene in Birds
C. How Long-term Memory Helps Long-distance Migration
D. How Ecological Factors Affect Birds’ Migratory Distances
【答案】32. B 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的科学发现，研究表明，全球变暖对于长途迁徙的鸟类有很大的影响。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Individual birds that were tracked for more than one year exhibited strong path repeatability during migration, complete loyalty to wintering locations and limited breeding dispersal(扩散).(追踪超过一年的单个鸟类在迁徙过程中表现出很强的路径重复性，对越冬地点完全忠诚，并限制繁殖扩散。)”可知，它们对自己的越冬地点非常专一。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“They found ADCY8 had a variant at high frequency in long-distance migrant populations of peregrine falcons, indicating this variant is being favorably selected because it may increase powers of long-term memory thought to be essential for long-distance migration.(他们发现ADCY8在长途迁徙的游隼种群中有一种高频率的变异，这表明这种变异被有利地选择了，因为它可能增加长期记忆的能力，这被认为是长途迁徙的必要条件。)”可推断，ADCY8是长途迁徙中必不可少的要素。故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Our work is the first to begin to understand the way ecological factors may interact in migratory birds, ” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hope it will serve as a cornerstone to help conserve migratory species in the world. ”(詹湘江博士说:“我们的工作是第一次开始了解生态因素可能在候鸟中相互作用的方式。”“我们希望它能成为保护世界迁徙物种的基石。”)”可推断，该研究的特别之处是了解了生态因素对候鸟的影响，希望更多的人关注这一点。故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Previous studies have identified several candidate genomic regions that may regulate migration-but our work is the strongest demonstration of a specific gene associated with migratory behavior yet identified(以前的研究已经确定了几个可能调控迁移的候选基因组区域，但我们的工作是迄今为止与迁移行为相关的特定基因的最有力的证明。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了研究发现证实了鸟类身上存在的迁徙基因。所以“Biologists Find Evidence of Migration Gene in Birds(生物学家在鸟类身上发现迁徙基因的证据)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后提供的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Stress can significantly affect your ability to keep a healthy weight. ___36___. Whether it’s the result of high levels of the stress hormone cortisol (荷尔蒙皮质醇), or unhealthy behavior related to stress, the link between stress and weight gain is obvious. But don’t worry. Here are a few skills to help you.
Make exercise priority (优先)
Exercising is a vital part of stress reduction and weight management. It can help you handle both issues at the same time. ___37___. Whether you go for a walk during your lunch break or hit the gym after work, include regular exercise into your routine.
Keep a food diary
___38___. A review of studies that examined the link between self-monitoring and weight loss found that those who kept a food diary were more likely to manage weight than those who didn’t. So whether you use an App to track your food intake or you write everything in a food diary, being more mindful of what you put in your mouth could improve your eating habits.
___39___
Whether you enjoy yoga or you find comfort in reading a good book, try adding simple stress relievers like taking a deep breath, listening to music, or going on a walk into your daily routine. Doing so can reduce your cortisol levels, helping you manage your weight.
Stick with the skills for a while. By doing so, it helps make these healthy behavior a habit and battle stress-related weight changes. ___40___.
A. It can also prevent you from losing weight
B. Decrease hormone cortisol in a right level
C. Apply stress-relief skills to your daily life
D. Remember: The early bird catches the worm
E. Paying attention to your eating habits can help you control your food consumption
F. So it’s necessary to work out to prevent stress-related weight gain
G. Persistence can make stress and weight fall by the wayside
【答案】36. A 37. F 38. E 39. C 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何控制因压力导致的不健康的体重。
【36题详解】
空前讲“Stress can significantly affect your ability to keep a healthy weight. (压力会显著影响你保持健康体重的能力。)” 可知此处说的是压力的不利影响。A项“它还会阻碍你减肥”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。
【37题详解】
空前讲“Exercising is a vital part of stress reduction and weight management. It can help you handle both issues at the same time. (锻炼对减轻压力和控制体重发挥着重要作用。它可以帮助你同时处理这两个问题)”以及空后讲“Whether you go for a walk during your lunch break or hit the gym after work, include regular exercise into your routine. (无论你在午休时散步，还是在下班后去健身房锻炼，把经常锻炼纳入你的日常生活。)”可知此处讲的是锻炼的必要性。 F项“所以，(通过)锻炼来阻止与压力相关的体重增加是有必要的”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
【38题详解】
空后讲“A review of studies that examined the link between self-monitoring and weight loss found that those who kept a food diary were more likely to manage weight than those who didn’t. (回顾自我监测和减肥之间联系的研究发现，那些记饮食日记的人比那些不记饮食日记的人更有可能控制体重。)”可知，要密切注意自己的饮食习惯和食物摄入量，E项“注意你的饮食习惯可以帮助你控制自己的食物消耗量”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选E。
【39题详解】
空处是本段小标题，“Doing so can reduce your cortisol levels, helping you manage your weight. (这样做可以降低你的皮质醇水平，帮助你控制体重。)”可知本段介绍了一些简单的压力缓解方法。C项“在你的日常生活中运用减压技巧”统领本段，符合段落大意。故选C。
【40题详解】
空前讲“Stick with the skills for a while. By doing so, it helps make these healthy behavior a habit and battle stress-related weight changes. (坚持这些技能一段时间。这样做可以帮助(你)将这些健康的行为形成习惯，并减少压力带来的体重变化。)” 此处强调了坚持的重要性。G项“坚持可以让压力和体重大幅下降”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
第II卷(非选择题)
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
TikTok, a social media app dedicated to short-form videos, has emerged as a major firer of food trends—from mushroom coffee and pancake cereal to cloud bread and feta pasta. But another trend, the #whatieatinaday trend, is dominating TikTok, which is ____41____ 9 billion views.
Even though #whatieatinaday posts may be ____42____ to serve as healthy inspiration for others, there’s a growing feeling that these video diaries of daily eats will likely do more harm than good—especially among young girls or people with a history of disordered eating.
The ____43____ message these posts send is that if you eat like them, then you can eventually look like them. Yet what someone else eats in a day doesn’t mean it’s right for you, since these “____44____” videos are not a completely accurate representation of what someone typically eats.
Often the overly stylized meals do not____45____ a nutritionally adequate diet. The posts are ____46____the illusion (幻想) of an ideal day of eating, along with an ideal body size.
Younger audiences especially girls and young women, internalize the message that they must eat like these creators to achieve and maintain not only health, but also social ____47____. The biggest harm with this trend is that it normalizes disordered or ____48____ eating behaviors. This could prevent someone struggling with an eating disorder from ____49____ support or treatment.
Even if the #whatieatinaday posts are displaying a balanced day of eating, the ____50____ message of “eat like me, and you will look like me” is harmful because people will not necessarily achieve the same body size as the ____51____ even if they copied their day of eating bite for bite.
____52____, what might be a healthy, adequate day of satisfying meals for one person may be inadequate and unsatisfying to another. Even worse, someone looking at these posts may conclude that they need to be eating half as much to ____53____.
People making these videos are overwhelmingly thin, young, able-bodied and white. There is a complete lack of body ____54____. And this encourages harmful comparisons to unrealistic body standards that are ____55____ to the vast majority of people. Therefore, those of us from marginalized communities are once again unable to see positive representations of our varying bodies, foods and cultural representation in these harmful posts.”
41. A. nearing B. longing C. ducking D. driving
42. A. emphasized B. simplified C. substituted D. intended
43. A. moral B. scientific C. potential D. unfavorable
44. A. modern B. staged C. educational D. alternative
45. A. prioritize B. commercialize C. recognize D. civilize
46. A. promoting B. representing C. spoiling D. perfecting
47. A. welfare B. equality C. desirability D. justice
48. A. individual B. instinctive C. restrictive D. changeable
49. A. attracting B. seeking C. slipping D. offering
50. A. suburban B. subtle C. subsequent D. substantial
51. A. reader B. advertiser C. campaigner D. poster
52. A. Therefore B. Finally C. Additionally D. Meanwhile
53. A. lose weight B. share interests C. assume burden D. make contributions
54. A. language B. diversity C. similarity D. dynamic
55. A. available B. predictable C. inadequate D. unattainable
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. C 44. B 45. A 46. A 47. C 48. C 49. B 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了抖音段视频“每天吃什么”的流行和它引发的问题。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但另一个趋势——“每天吃什么”——正在主导抖音，其浏览量已接近90亿次。A. nearing 接近；B. longing 渴望；C. ducking 逃避；D. driving开车。根据“9 billion”可推知，这里说的是浏览量，观看量接近90亿。故选A项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管“每天吃什么”发布的内容可能旨在为其他人提供健康的启发，但越来越多的人认为，这些记录日常饮食的视频日记可能弊大于利，尤其是在年轻女孩或有饮食失调史的人当中。A. emphasized强调；B. simplified简化；C. substituted代替；D. intended打算，想要。根据“to serve as healthy inspiration for others”和“will likely do more harm than good”可知，为其他人提供健康的启发是最初的目的或打算，但事与愿违，结果与打算不一样。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些发布内容传递的潜在信息是，如果你像他们一样吃东西，那么你最终会像他们一样。A. moral有道德的；B. scientific科学的；C. potential潜在的；D. unfavorable不利的。根据上文可知，“每天吃什么”发布的是记录日常饮食的视频，结合句中“message these posts send is that if you eat like them, then you can eventually look like them.”可知，这些视频会让人们认为“你像他们一样吃东西，那么你最终会像他们一样”，这是这些发布内容传递的潜在信息。故选C项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，别人一天吃什么并不意味着它就适合你，因为这些“筹划的”的视频并不能完全准确地反映一个人通常吃什么。A. modern现代的；B. staged组织的，筹划的；C. educational教育的；D. alternative可选择的。结合常识和句中“not a completely accurate representation of what someone typically eats.”可知，抖音上发布视频是经过筹划的，并不能真实准确地反应真实情况。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常，过于程式化饮食并没有优先考虑营养充足的饮食。A. prioritize优先考虑；B. commercialize使商业化；C. recognize认识；D. civilize使文明。结合选项和“overly stylized (程式化) meals”可推知，过于程式化的饮食不会首先考虑营养问题。故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些发布内容在宣扬理想的饮食和理想的身材。A. promoting推销，促进；B. representing代表；C. spoiling损坏；D. perfecting完美，完善。根据句中“illusion (幻想) of an ideal day of eating”和“ideal body size”可推知，“每天吃什么”发布的内容是在推销它关于饮食和身材的理想概念。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：更年轻的观众，尤其是女孩和年轻女性，内化了这样的信息：她们必须像这些创作者一样吃，以实现和保持健康，以及社会吸引力。A. welfare幸福；B. equality平等；C. desirability吸引力，欲求；D. justice公平。根据上文“The posts are 　　6　　the illusion (幻想) of an ideal day of eating, along with an ideal body size.”可知，“每天吃什么”发布的内容是在推销它关于饮食和身材的理想概念，所以年青女孩会认为这样做不仅可以保持健康，还可以保持好身材，提升社会吸引力。故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种趋势最大的危害是它使紊乱的或限制性的饮食行为正常化。A. individual单独的；B. instinctive本能的；C. restrictive限制(性)的；D. changeable可改变的。根据“normalizes”可知，下文所说饮食行为是非正常的，与“disordered”是同一类别，结合选项，应选择使用“restrictive”作定语，表示将限制性的饮食行为正常化。故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这可以妨碍患有饮食失调症的人寻求支持或治疗。A. attracting吸引；B. seeking寻找；C. slipping滑到；D. offering提供。根据“someone struggling with an eating disorder”和“support or treatment”可知，患有饮食失调症的人会寻求支持或治疗。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使“每天吃什么”的发布内容展示的是均衡的饮食，但“像我一样吃，你就会像我一样”的微妙信息是有害的，因为人们不一定会达到和发帖人一样的身材，即使他们完全按照其展示内容吃一天的食物。A. suburban 郊区的；B. subtle 微妙的；C. subsequent 随后的；D. substantial实质性的。根据“because people will not necessarily achieve the same body size ”可知，“每天吃什么”发布的能为人们提供健康的微妙信息是有害的。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使“每天吃什么”的活动发布内容展示的是均衡的饮食，但“像我一样吃，你就会像我一样”的潜台词是有害的，因为人们不一定会达到和发帖人一样的身材，即使他们完全按照其展示内容吃一天的食物。A. reader读者；B. advertiser广告商；C. campaigner活动家；D. poster海报，发帖人。根据下文“even if they copied their day of eating bite for bite”可知，这里说的拥有好身材的“每天吃什么”上的视频发布人。故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，对一个人来说，健康、充足的一日三餐对另一个人来说可能是不充分和不满足的。A. Therefore因此；B. Finally终于；C. Additionally另外；D. Meanwhile与此同时。上文讲即使完全按照其展示内容吃一天的食物，人们不一定会达到和发帖人一样的身材，下文“what might be a healthy, adequate day of satisfying meals for one person may be inadequate and unsatisfying to another.”讲到食物因人而异，适合别人的不一定适合你，上下文都是讲模仿“每天吃什么”的发布内容的不妥之处，是并列关系，用副词additionally。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，看到这些发布内容的人可能会得出这样的结论：他们需要吃一半的量才能减肥。A. lose weight减肥；B. share interests利益共享；C. assume burden承担负担；D. make contributions做出贡献。根据句中“eating half”可推知，少吃是为了减肥。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：身体完全缺乏多样性。A. language语言；B. diversity多样性；C. similarity 相似；D. dynamic动态。根据上文“People making these videos are overwhelmingly thin, young, able-bodied and white.”可知，制作视频的人都一个标准，身体缺乏多样性。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这助长了对不切实际的身体标准进行有害的比较，这对绝大多数人来说是无法达到的。A. available可用的；B. predictable可预测的；C. inadequate不充分的；D. unachievable不可实现的。根据“unrealistic body standards”可推知，这样的身体标准是不切实际的，对大多数人来说是不可实现的。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Emerging evidence in humans suggests a ____56____ (typical) Western high-fat, high-sugar junk food diet can quickly weaken your brain's appetite control.
After offering volunteers a week-long binge (大吃大喝) of waffles, milkshakes and similarly rich foods, researchers in Australia found young and healthy ones scored worse on memory tests and experienced a ____57____ (great) desire to eat junk food, even when they were already full.
The findings suggest something is special in the hippocampus (海马体)-a region of the brain ____58____ supports memory and helps to regulate appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to quieten down our memories of delicious food, thereby ____59____ (reduce) our appetite. When it’s interrupted, ____60____ control can be seriously damaged. Over the years, extensive research on ____61____ (mouse) has found the function of the hippocampus is very sensitive to junk food, but recently this has been observed only in young and healthy humans.
In 2017, after a week of Western-style breakfasts of ____62____ (toast) sandwiches and milkshakes, researchers found participants performed worse on learning and memory tests which are typically dependent ____63____ the hippocampus.
Now, in this latest study the scientists of the team ____64____ (find) that not only do such high-fat, high-sugar diets impair memory in humans, but they appear to directly affect our ability _____65_____ (control) our appetite.
【答案】56. typically
57. greater
58. that##which
59. reducing
60. the 61. mice
62. toasted
63. on 64. has found
65. to control
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述人们新发现的证据显示典型的西方高脂肪、高糖垃圾食品饮食会迅速削弱大脑的食欲控制。
【56题详解】
考查副词。句意：人类的新证据表明，典型的西方高脂肪、高糖垃圾食品饮食会迅速削弱大脑的食欲控制。分析句意可知，typical修饰western，western是形容词，应用副词typically修饰。故填typically。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：澳大利亚的研究人员为志愿者提供了为期一周的华夫饼、奶昔和类似的丰富食物后，发现年轻健康的志愿者在记忆测试中得分更差，即使已经吃饱了，他们也更渴望吃垃圾食品。根据句意可知，此处应使用great的比较级来指代他们的食欲增加。故填greater。
【58题详解】
考查关系词。句意：研究结果表明，海马体是大脑里的一个区域，里面中有一种特殊的物质支持记忆，有助于调节食欲。分析句子结构可知，a region of the brain 是hippocampus的同位语，此句的谓语是suggest，故supports是从句的谓语，先行词是hippocampus，在从句中做主语，故填that或者which。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：当我们吃饱时，海马体被认为可以平静我们对美味食物的记忆，从而降低我们的食欲。分析句子结构可知reduce在句中应用非谓语动词作结果状语，应用现在分词。故填reducing。
【60题详解】
考查冠词。句意：如果中断，这种控制可能会严重受损。根据上文可知，control是第二次提及，故用定冠词the。故填the。
【61题详解】
考查名词。句意：多年来，对老鼠的广泛研究发现，海马体的功能对垃圾食品非常敏感，但最近仅在年轻和健康的人类中观察到这种情况。从句意可知，mouse应使用复数形式。故填mice。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：2017年，在吃了一周的烤三明治和奶昔的西式早餐后，研究人员发现参与者在学习和记忆测试中表现较差，而学习和记忆测试通常依赖于海马体。根据句意可知，“烤三明治”是完成的状态，故用过去分词。故填toasted。
【63题详解】
考查介词。句意：2017年，在吃了一周的烤三明治和奶昔的西式早餐后，研究人员发现参与者在学习和记忆测试中表现较差，而学习和记忆测试通常依赖于海马体。根据固定用法be dependent on，意为“依靠，依赖”。故填on。
【64题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：现在，在这项最新的研究中，该团队的科学家们发现，这种高脂肪、高糖的饮食不仅会损害人类的记忆力，而且似乎会直接影响我们控制食欲的能力。根据句意可知，这项研究从过去到现在一直没有中断，而且有发现，对现在产生了影响，应用现在完成时。故填has found。
【65题详解】
考查不定式。句意：现在，在这项最新的研究中，该团队的科学家们发现，这种高脂肪、高糖的饮食不仅会损害人类的记忆力，而且似乎会直接影响我们控制食欲的能力。ability to do sth,是习惯性用法，意为“做某事的能力”。故填 to control。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你观察到同学们英语写作中存在的问题。请写一篇演讲稿，在课前分享你的观察并提出建议。内容包括：
1．作文问题；2．改进方法。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Good morning! Everyone!
Today I’d like to say something about the problems in English writing and some ways to solve them.
There are two mistakes that we students always made in our writing. The first one is spelling mistake, for example, “whether” and “weather”, which means students have some problems in vocabulary learning. What they need to do is to enhance their memory. And the second mistake is grammar mistake. Some students even can’t write a complete sentence and always miss some necessary elements of a sentence. For these students, it is significant to learn more about syntax. That’s what I’d like to share with you today.
Thanks for your attention.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你观察到同学们英语写作中存在的问题。请写一篇演讲稿，在课前分享你的观察并提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累建议：
问题：problem→question
解决：solve→deal with
例如：for example→such as
重要的：significant →important
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：And the second mistake is grammar mistake. Some students even can’t write a complete sentence and always miss some necessary elements of a sentence.
拓展句：And the second mistake is grammar mistake, such as writing a incomplete sentence and missing some necessary elements of a sentence.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 The first one is spelling mistake, for example, “whether” and “weather”, which means students have some problems in vocabulary learning.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】For these students, it is significant to learn more about syntax.(运用了it作形式主语)
【高分句型3】That’s what I’d like to share with you today.(运用了what引导的表语从句)
第二节(满分 25 分)
67. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the last day of the month-long summer camp. All the camp leaders and volunteers were preparing for the grand wrap-up event that evening. Some were setting up chairs and tables outside; some were preparing water balloons for games we would play later; and some were cutting fruits and veggies for snacks.
One of the leaders, George, came to me, handed me a small broom and a dustpan, and asked me to sweep the gym. Alone. While the others were chatting and laughing outside. While the gym was dusty and stuffy (不通风的) after weeks of camp and crafts.
I didn’t have a choice. I was sixteen, and George was my elder. I was a staff member at camp, and George was my employer. I put on as cheerful a face as I could and began to sweep the floor of the gymnasium.
Every time I made a decent (合宜的) pile of dust and scraps (残羹剩饭) to push into the dustpan, I had a nice little part of the gym cleared. But I would look up and see the rest of the gym and realize how big the job was. The whole situation felt so unfair.
I wasn’t really happy then. I’m not proud of it, but I was angry as well. I could hear the sounds of people talking, laughing, and generally having a great time outside. There was silence in the gym, except for my sweep, sweep, sweep.
During a break between sweeps, I looked up. George was quietly and matter-of-factly moving the speakers and cleaning the stage at the front of the gym. I noticed he worked alone as well. He didn’t seem particularly excited about what he was doing, but I noted the calmness and joy in his eyes as he went about his work, doing what had to be done because he was there and he was able to do it.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I watched him silently for the next ten minutes.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Thanks, Laura.” he said and nodded as if acknowledging the small sacrifice I had made.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I watched him silently for the next ten minutes. My broom and I were making slow but sure progress across the gym. Slowly, my unhappiness and anger left my heart, and in its place grew an appreciation for what I saw in George. Being a leader doesn’t mean getting to do all the fun things. It means sacrifice and hard work. I cleaned the whole gym with a small broom, one sweep at a time. As I finished and passed him, he looked up and smiled at me and I smiled back. I was tired; it was a tired smile; but it was a real smile.
“Thanks, Laura.” he said and nodded as if acknowledging the small sacrifice I had made. I forgot what I said in return. Probably “You’re welcome.” But what I should have said and what I want to say to him now is this: “Thank you for teaching me and showing me what being a good leader looks like. Thank you for the opportunity to sweep the floor of the gym, because now whenever I feel discouraged, I remember that half hour, and am reminded that doing the hard, right thing matters, no matter how I feel about it.”
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇第一人称的记叙文，故事发生在夏令营活动即将结束时，作为志愿者之一的作者也参与到准备闭营仪式的队伍中。而名为George的上级分配给她的任务却是独自打扫体育馆，繁重的工作量让作者不由心生不满，当她抬头看时却发现George也在默默地做着清扫工作。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“接下来的10分钟我静静地看着他。”及下一段首句点出的sacrifice一词可知，第一段可描写作者受到George的鼓舞，坚持完成了自己的工作。
②由第二段首句内容“‘谢谢你，Laura。’他说道，并点了点头，好像承认了我刚刚做出的小小牺牲。”可知，第二段可描写作者从George身上以及整个事件中得到的感悟。
2.续写线索：注视George——受到鼓舞——坚持完成任务——受到George感谢——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①注视：watch/observe/look at
②认可：acknowledge/approve/admit
情绪类
①.感谢：showing his appreciation/show his gratitude/be grateful
②.气馁：discouraged/lose heart/down-hearted
【点睛】[高分句型1]. But what I should have said and what I want to say to him now is this: “Thank you for teaching me and showing me what being a good leader looks like.（运用了what引导的主语从句和宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. Thank you for the opportunity to sweep the floor of the gym, because now whenever I feel discouraged, I remember that half hour, and am reminded that doing the hard, right thing matters, no matter how I feel about it.”（运用了because引导的原因状语从句、whenever引导的时间状语从句和no matter how引导的让步状语从句）武汉中学2023-2024学年度五月月考
高二英语试卷
考试时间：2023年5月30日;试卷满分：150分
第Ⅰ卷(选择题)
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers probably
A. At home. B. In a library. C. In a zoo.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How will tourists travel around the village
A By bus. B. By car. C. On foot.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man invited to do this evening
A. Go to the cinema. B. See an art show. C. Watch a basketball game.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does Brian go to the hospital
A. To see a patient. B. To see a doctor. C. To bring a book to Mary.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the woman trying to do
A. Type a report. B. Print out a file. C. Set up a cloud drive.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What are the speakers talking about
A. A party. B. A picnic. C. Sunbathing.
7. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A Husband and wife. B. Hostess and guest. C. Customer and waitress.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What does the woman say about the new toy car
A. It is a bargain. B. It is brightly colored. C. It makes various sounds.
9. Who did the woman buy the toy car for
A. Her son. B. Her nephew. C. Her grandson.
10. What is the man’s real worry about the truck
A. Its safety. B. Its cost. C. Its speed.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Why did the team lose the first match
A. Two star players were injured.
B. The judges made terrible calls.
C. The opposing team was stronger.
12. Which match was particularly embarrassing for the man’s team
A. The first. B. The second. C. The final.
13. What has the man decided to do next
A. Go to cheer his team. B. Support another team. C. Watch chess online.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What is the man most interested in
A. Cleaning. B. Customer service. C. Housekeeping.
15. What is the man’s major at college
A. Opera. B. History. C. Spanish.
16. When does the man expect to start work
A. On 25th. B. On 26th. C. On 27th.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What is Rachid Bouanou at present
A. A sailor. B. A bookseller. C. A repairman.
18. How many book stands are open along the Seine River now
A. 230. B. 247. C. 500.
19. What are the booksellers allowed to do
A. Use the spots forever. B. Pay the rent by the year. C. Close up at most three days a week.
20. How does Kubilai Iksel feel about the return of the book stands
A. Excited. B. Shocked. C. Worried.
第二部分阅读
第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
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EXPEDITION OVERVIEW: 1. Visit Easter Island and dig into a fascinating lost culture, examining ancient burial sites and towering moai(摩埃石像). 2. Snorkel(用通气管潜泳)the unspoiled reefs of Fakarava, part of a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and identified as one of the healthiest reef systems in the world. 3. Explore the unusual geology of Henderson Island with our naturalists, and seek out the isle’s four local bird species.
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21 Which destination is suitable for a birdwatcher who is fond of diving
A. Antarctica. B. Iceland. C. Alaska. D. Tahiti.
22. What can we learn from the text
A. All of the routes are taken by sea.
B. All of the routes take more than two weeks.
C. The most expensive route is within $21,280.
D. The group sizes can all reach up to one hundred.
23. Where can the text be found
A. A travel brochure. B. A tour website.
C. An entertainment weekly. D. A geography magazine.
B
When I was young, a friend and I came up with a “big” plan to make reading easy. The idea was to boil down great books to a sentence each. “Moby-Dick” by American writer Herman Melville, for instance, was reduced to: “A whale of a tale about the one that got away.” As it turned out, the joke was on us. How could a single sentence convey the essence (精髓) of a masterpiece with over five hundred pages
Blinkist, a website and an app, now summarizes nonfiction titles in the form of quick takes labeled “blinks”. The end result is more than one sentence, but not by much. Sarah Bakewell’s “At the Existentialist Café” is broken into 11 screens of information; Michelle Obama’s “Becoming” fills 13.
Blinkist has been around since 2012. It calls its summaries “15-minute discoveries” to indicate how long it takes to read a Blinkist summary. “Almost none of us,” the editors assure us, “have the time to read everything we’d like to read.”
But I think a book is something we ought to live with, rather than speed through and categorize. It offers an experience as real as any other. The point of reading a book is not accumulating information, or at least not that alone. The most essential aspect is the communication between writer and reader. The idea behind Blinkist, however, is the opposite: Reading can be, should be, measured by the efficient uptake (吸收) of key ideas.
No, no, no. What’s best about reading books is its inefficiency. When reading a book, we need to dive in, let it take over us, demand something of us, teach us what it can. Blinkist is instead a service that changes books for people who don’t, in fact, want to read. A 15-minute summary misses the point of reading; speed-reading with the app isn’t reading at all.
24. What does the underlined part “the joke was on us” in Paragraph 1 mean
A. We were actually joking. B. We were laughed at by others.
C. We were underestimating’ ourselves. D. We were just embarrassing ourselves.
25. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A. What Blinkist is. B. Why Blinkist is popular.
C. How to use Blinkist. D. Where you can use Blinkist.
26. What is an ideal pattern of reading according to the author
A. Obtaining key ideas efficiently. B. Further confirming our beliefs.
C. Accumulating information quickly. D. Deeply involving ourselves in books.
27. What is the author’s attitude to Blinkist
A. Positive. B. Negative C. Uncaring. D. Tolerant.
C
In habitats across the planet, animals periodically drop everything to walk, fly or swim to a new place. Wildlife such as whales and geese learn migration paths by following their parents. Others, including small songbirds, gain the distance and direction of their migration within their genetic code. And some animals use a combination of genetics and culture to guide their migration.
Another group of migrators does not quite fit either model, and researchers have only recently started to figure out how they find their way. Take the Cory’s shearwater, an oceangoing sea bird that migrates over the Atlantic every year. The young do not migrate with their parents, so culture cannot explain their journeys. And the exact paths vary wildly from individual to individual, making genetics equally unlikely.
Cory’s shearwaters are long-lived, rarely producing young successfully before age nine. This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns. Researchers call this the “exploration-refinement”, and until now it has been hypothetical (假设的) because of difficulties in tracking migratory animals’ movements.
But a team of researchers has done that by attaching small geolocators to more than 150 of the birds aged four to nine. They found that younger birds traveled longer distances, for longer periods, and had more diverse paths than older birds. “We finally have evidence of the ‘exploration-refinement’ for migratory birds,” says Letizia Campioni, who led the study. Younger Cory’s shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults— but they do not, suggesting that the young do more exploring, which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course.
Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies, “exploration refinement could be beneficial to birds and other organisms in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictable man-made changes,” says Barbara Frei. “It might be safer to repeat a behavior that was recently successful than to rely on patterns that were perfected long ago but might no longer be safe.”
28. What is the first paragraph mainly about .
A. It describes animals’ habitats. B. It talks about migration models.
C. It compares different species. D. It introduces a tracking technology.
29. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. The opening for learning and practice.
B. The unique living habit of Cory’s shearwaters.
C. The way Cory’s shearwaters form their migration patterns.
D. The process scientists track Cory’s shearwaters’ movements.
30. What does Letizia’s study find about the younger Cory’s shearwaters
A. They travel as much as adult birds.
B. They move in a predictable manner.
C. They lower the speed for exploration.
D. They look for a course with their parents.
31. What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A. Man-made changes make migration easier.
B. Animals make a safer journey via a fixed track.
C. Course exploration contributes to birds’ adaptability.
D. A combination of strategies assures migration success.
D
Millions of migratory(迁徙的)birds occupy seasonally favorable breeding(繁殖)grounds in the Arctic, but scientists know little about the formation, maintenance and future of the migration routes of Arctic birds and the genetic determinants of migratory distance. In a new study, a multinational team of researchers under the leadership of Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang from the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences integrated two state-of-the-art techniques-satellite tracking and whole genome sequencing(基因排序)-and established a continental-scale migration system of peregrine falcons in Eurasian Arctic.
The researchers tracked 56 peregrine falcons from six Eurasian Arctic breeding populations and sequenced 35 genomes from four of these populations to study the migration of this species. They found that the birds used five migration routes across Eurasia, probably established between the last Ice Age 22, 000 years ago and the middle-Holocene 6, 000 years ago. “Peregrine falcons initiated their autumn migration mainly in September, and arrived at their wintering areas mainly in October, " said Professor Mike Bruford, an ecologist at Cardiff University. “Peregrine falcons that depart from different breeding grounds use different routes, and winter at widely distributed sites across four distinct regions. Individual birds that were tracked for more than one year exhibited strong path repeatability during migration, complete loyalty to wintering locations and limited breeding dispersal(扩散). ”
The researchers quantified the migration strategies and found that migration distance is the most significant differentiation. They used whole genome sequencing and found a gene-ADCY8, which is known to be involved in long-term memory in other animals in previous research- associated with differences in migratory distance. They found ADCY8 had a variant at high frequency in long-distance migrant populations of peregrine falcons, indicating this variant is being favorably selected because it may increase powers of long-term memory thought to be essential for long-distance migration.
“Previous studies have identified several candidate genomic regions that may regulate migration-but our work is the strongest demonstration of a specific gene associated with migratory behavior yet identified, ”Professor Bruford said. The researchers further looked at models of likely future migration behavior to predict the impact of global warming. If the climate warms at the same rate as it has in recent decades, they predict peregrine populations in western Eurasia have the highest probability of population decline and may stop migrating altogether.
“Our work is the first to begin to understand the way ecological factors may interact in migratory birds, ” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hope it will serve as a cornerstone to help conserve migratory species in the world. ”
32. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A. Five birds’ historical migration routes were rebuilt.
B. Peregrine falcons stick to the areas where they winter.
C. Two novel research methods of migration were invented.
D. Peregrine falcons leave for Arctic regions in September.
33. What can we infer about ADCY8
A. It is a newly-discovered gene in the new study.
B. It serves as a fundamental part of long-distance migration.
C. It could be strengthened by the power of long-term memory.
D. It turned out to be more favored by birds than the other animals.
34. What is special about the new study
A. It has discovered a new genomic region of birds.
B. It has predicted the rate at which the climate warms.
C. It analyses the reasons for the decrease of peregrine falcons.
D. It encourages attention to environmental effects on migratory birds.
35. Which would be the best title for this passage
A. Researchers Help Conserve Migratory Species
B. Biologists Find Evidence of Migration Gene in Birds
C. How Long-term Memory Helps Long-distance Migration
D. How Ecological Factors Affect Birds’ Migratory Distances
第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后提供的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Stress can significantly affect your ability to keep a healthy weight. ___36___. Whether it’s the result of high levels of the stress hormone cortisol (荷尔蒙皮质醇), or unhealthy behavior related to stress, the link between stress and weight gain is obvious. But don’t worry. Here are a few skills to help you.
Make exercise priority (优先)
Exercising is a vital part of stress reduction and weight management. It can help you handle both issues at the same time. ___37___. Whether you go for a walk during your lunch break or hit the gym after work, include regular exercise into your routine.
Keep a food diary
___38___. A review of studies that examined the link between self-monitoring and weight loss found that those who kept a food diary were more likely to manage weight than those who didn’t. So whether you use an App to track your food intake or you write everything in a food diary, being more mindful of what you put in your mouth could improve your eating habits.
___39___
Whether you enjoy yoga or you find comfort in reading a good book, try adding simple stress relievers like taking a deep breath, listening to music, or going on a walk into your daily routine. Doing so can reduce your cortisol levels, helping you manage your weight.
Stick with the skills for a while. By doing so, it helps make these healthy behavior a habit and battle stress-related weight changes. ___40___.
A. It can also prevent you from losing weight
B. Decrease hormone cortisol in a right level
C. Apply stress-relief skills to your daily life
D. Remember: The early bird catches the worm
E. Paying attention to your eating habits can help you control your food consumption
F. So it’s necessary to work out to prevent stress-related weight gain
G. Persistence can make stress and weight fall by the wayside
第II卷(非选择题)
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
TikTok, a social media app dedicated to short-form videos, has emerged as a major firer of food trends—from mushroom coffee and pancake cereal to cloud bread and feta pasta. But another trend, the #whatieatinaday trend, is dominating TikTok, which is ____41____ 9 billion views.
Even though #whatieatinaday posts may be ____42____ to serve as healthy inspiration for others, there’s a growing feeling that these video diaries of daily eats will likely do more harm than good—especially among young girls or people with a history of disordered eating.
The ____43____ message these posts send is that if you eat like them then you can eventually look like them. Yet what someone else eats in a day doesn’t mean it’s right for you, since these “____44____” videos are not a completely accurate representation of what someone typically eats.
Often the overly stylized meals do not____45____ a nutritionally adequate diet. The posts are ____46____the illusion (幻想) of an ideal day of eating, along with an ideal body size.
Younger audiences, especially girls and young women, internalize the message that they must eat like these creators to achieve and maintain not only health, but also social ____47____. The biggest harm with this trend is that it normalizes disordered or ____48____ eating behaviors. This could prevent someone struggling with an eating disorder from ____49____ support or treatment.
Even if the #whatieatinaday posts are displaying a balanced day of eating, the ____50____ message of “eat like me, and you will look like me” is harmful because people will not necessarily achieve the same body size as the ____51____ even if they copied their day of eating bite for bite.
____52____, what might be a healthy, adequate day of satisfying meals for one person may be inadequate and unsatisfying to another. Even worse, someone looking at these posts may conclude that they need to be eating half as much to ____53____.
People making these videos are overwhelmingly thin, young, able-bodied and white. There is a complete lack of body ____54____. And this encourages harmful comparisons to unrealistic body standards that are ____55____ to the vast majority of people. Therefore, those of us from marginalized communities are once again unable to see positive representations of our varying bodies, foods and cultural representation in these harmful posts.”
41. A. nearing B. longing C. ducking D. driving
42. A. emphasized B. simplified C. substituted D. intended
43. A. moral B. scientific C. potential D. unfavorable
44. A. modern B. staged C. educational D. alternative
45. A. prioritize B. commercialize C. recognize D. civilize
46. A. promoting B. representing C. spoiling D. perfecting
47. A. welfare B. equality C. desirability D. justice
48. A. individual B. instinctive C. restrictive D. changeable
49. A. attracting B. seeking C. slipping D. offering
50. A. suburban B. subtle C. subsequent D. substantial
51. A. reader B. advertiser C. campaigner D. poster
52. A. Therefore B. Finally C. Additionally D. Meanwhile
53. A. lose weight B. share interests C. assume burden D. make contributions
54. A. language B. diversity C. similarity D. dynamic
55. A. available B. predictable C. inadequate D. unattainable
第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Emerging evidence in humans suggests a ____56____ (typical) Western high-fat, high-sugar junk food diet can quickly weaken your brain's appetite control.
After offering volunteers a week-long binge (大吃大喝) of waffles, milkshakes and similarly rich foods, researchers in Australia found young and healthy ones scored worse on memory tests and experienced a ____57____ (great) desire to eat junk food, even when they were already full.
The findings suggest something is special in the hippocampus (海马体)-a region of the brain ____58____ supports memory and helps to regulate appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to quieten down our memories of delicious food, thereby ____59____ (reduce) our appetite. When it’s interrupted, ____60____ control can be seriously damaged. Over the years, extensive research on ____61____ (mouse) has found the function of the hippocampus is very sensitive to junk food, but recently this has been observed only in young and healthy humans.
In 2017, after a week of Western-style breakfasts of ____62____ (toast) sandwiches and milkshakes, researchers found participants performed worse on learning and memory tests which are typically dependent ____63____ the hippocampus.
Now, in this latest study the scientists of the team ____64____ (find) that not only do such high-fat, high-sugar diets impair memory in humans, but they appear to directly affect our ability _____65_____ (control) our appetite.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你观察到同学们英语写作中存在的问题。请写一篇演讲稿，在课前分享你的观察并提出建议。内容包括：
1．作文问题；2．改进方法。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分 25 分)
67. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the last day of the month-long summer camp. All the camp leaders and volunteers were preparing for the grand wrap-up event that evening. Some were setting up chairs and tables outside; some were preparing water balloons for games we would play later; and some were cutting fruits and veggies for snacks.
One of the leaders, George, came to me, handed me a small broom and a dustpan, and asked me to sweep the gym. Alone. While the others were chatting and laughing outside. While the gym was dusty and stuffy (不通风的) after weeks of camp and crafts.
I didn’t have a choice. I was sixteen, and George was my elder. I was a staff member at camp, and George was my employer. I put on as cheerful a face as I could and began to sweep the floor of the gymnasium.
Every time I made a decent (合宜的) pile of dust and scraps (残羹剩饭) to push into the dustpan, I had a nice little part of the gym cleared. But I would look up and see the rest of the gym and realize how big the job was. The whole situation felt so unfair.
I wasn’t really happy then. I’m not proud of it, but I was angry as well. I could hear the sounds of people talking, laughing, and generally having a great time outside. There was silence in the gym, except for my sweep, sweep, sweep.
During a break between sweeps, I looked up. George was quietly and matter-of-factly moving the speakers and cleaning the stage at the front of the gym. I noticed he worked alone as well. He didn’t seem particularly excited about what he was doing, but I noted the calmness and joy in his eyes as he went about his work, doing what had to be done because he was there and he was able to do it.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I watched him silently for the next ten minutes.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Thanks, Laura.” he said and nodded as if acknowledging the small sacrifice I had made.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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