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襄阳四中2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题
2022.11
本试卷共10页，共67题。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名.准考证号填在答题卡上.
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，答在试题卷上无效.
3.主观题答在答题卡上每题对应的答题区域内，答在试题卷上无效.
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共2小节;满分30分)
第一小节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
听对话，回答问题。
1.How much should the woman pay in total
A. $ 25. B. $ 35. C. $ 40.
2.Who is the man
A. A driving instructor. B. A taxi driver. C. A police officer.
3.What is the man ordering
A. Ice cream. B. Milk. C. Coffee.
4.What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A paper. B. A course. C. A teacher.
5.How long did the woman stay in Chicago
A. 6 years. B. 12 years. C. 23 years.
第二小节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How will the woman go to the Main Station
A. By train. B. By bike. C. By car.
7. Where will the speakers meet
A. At a bookshop. B. At the ticket office. C. At the woman’s home.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What’s the woman’s plan for this Saturday
A. Meeting Dr. Melo. B. Having a barbecue. C. Making an appointment.
9. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Co-workers. B. Doctor and patient. C. Mother and son.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Where does Tom want to work after graduation
A. In a restaurant. B. In a college. C. In a hotel.
11. What does Lucy major in
A. German. B. History. C. Computer science.
12. How does Tom support himself through college
A. By getting a student loan. B. By taking a part-time job. C. By winning a scholarship.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题
13. Where is the man going
A. To the library. B. To the museum. C. To his apartment.
14. What are the man’s favorites
A. Drawings. B. Watercolors. C. Oil paintings.
15. What do we know about the man
A He wishes to paint very well. B. He has very good taste in art. C. He dislikes traditional art.
16. What is the woman going to do this weekend
A. Buy a theatre ticket. B. Go to an exhibition. C. Take painting lessons.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did people move to cities for in the 18th century
A. Jobs. B. A better life. C. Good services.
18. Why did people go to the countryside on Sundays and holidays
A To ride horses. B. To enjoy themselves. C. To visit their relatives.
19. When did the first bicycle appear
A. In 1790. B. In 1861 C. In 1890
20. What was the advantage of bicycles in the 19th century
A. They were safer. B. They were cheaper. C. They were faster.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A Wild Child's Guide to Endangered Animals
From New York Times bestselling author Millie Marotta comes this gorgeous celebration of the animal kingdom. Highlighting 43 endangered species, the book takes readers on a trip around the world while learning about rare and well-known animals and their habitats.
Marcovaldo
Marcovaldo is a collection of 20 short stories written by Italo Calvino. Describing the life of a poor rural man living in northern Italy, the stories unfold according to the seasonal cycle of a mon themes in the stories include pollution, failure and poverty.
The Art of Mondo
Over the years, Mondo has received global recognition for its incredible art posters that bring to life classic films, television shows, and comics such as Jurassic Park. For the first time, The Art of Mondo brings together this highly sought-after art in one volume that showcases the incredible creativity of the studio's artists whose vastly different styles are united by one guiding principle: limitless passion for their subject matters.
The Coming of the Third Reich
There is no story in 20th-century history more important to understand than Hitler's rise to power and the collapse(坍塌) of civilization in Nazi Germany. The Coming of the Third Reich, by Richard Evans, offers a masterful combination of academic work, important new research and interpretations.
Patriarchy and Capitalism
Chizuko Ueno, a leading Japanese sociologist, feminist critic and public intellectual, has been a pioneer in women's studies and the author of many books, including Patriarchy and Capitalism.
1. Which book will you choose if you are interested in art
A. Marcovaldo. B. The Art of Mondo.
C. The Coming of the Third Reich. D. Patriarchy and Capitalism.
2. Who cares about women's rights and interests
A. Millie Marotta. B. Italo Calvino.
C. Richard Evans. D. Chizuko Ueno.
3. What is the main purpose of the text
A. To introduce art forms. B. To remember five writers.
C. To recommend quality books. D. To compare different cultures.
Learning to say “yes, and”
When I first heard about the improvisation (即兴交流) class, I was hesitating. As a quiet and shy girl, I feared improvising in front of strangers. However, I knew I wanted to work as a science communicator after finishing my Ph.D., so it seemed like a perfect chance to learn how to speak and communicate with others effectively. I signed up, knowing the experience would give me help.
During our first class, we learned an important concept of improvisation: “yes, and.” It means that, as improvisers, we’d better accept what fellow performers say. If someone says that rhinos (犀牛) are librarians, for example, then rhinos are librarians. We do not question the logic; we say “yes” and then continue with the scene as if nothing is wrong.
The first few scenes were hard, but as weeks turned into months, I became more comfortable and even started to enjoy our classes. I became better at listening, relating to my conversation partners, and communicating clearly in the moment. Once when I was giving a presentation about my science, an audience member surprised me with a question that didn’t grow out of the information I’d presented. Instead of getting confused and nervous, I took the “yes, and” approach—accepting the question and letting my mind focus on why it was asked. That helped me find an appropriate answer. I got pretty excited about it.
The benefits of improvisation go beyond communication. Before attending the class, I would get stuck when my experiments produced unexpected data, thinking that I had made a mistake. But now, instead of getting discouraged, I will stay open to the possibility that the results are real, keep exploring the data and end up identifying a new type of cell—one that isn’t behaving as expected.
I think all scientists can benefit from this lesson. If the data say rhinos are librarians, then it’s worth finding out whether rhinos are, in fact, librarians. As scientists, our job isn’t to challenge data that support, a preconceived story, but to say “yes, and.”
4. Why did the author attend the improvisation class
A. To get a different experience.
B. To finish her Ph.D. at university.
C. To give up her job as a science communicator.
D. To improve her speaking and communicating ability.
5. What was the author’s change after attending the improvisation class
A. She formed her own idea quickly.
B. She came up with lots of creative responses.
C. She paid more attention to the logic of answers.
D. She became a good listener before giving an opinion.
6. The author mentions applying the “yes, and” approach to her scientific experiments to ________.
A. explain the process of using the method
B. prove the benefits of the improvisation class
C. share her own research experiences with readers
D attract fellow scientists to attend the improvisation class
7. What can be inferred about scientists from the last paragraph
A. They should attend the improvisation class.
B. They should question all preconceived ideas.
C. They should carry on research by admitting earlier data.
D. They should try to improve their academic knowledge.
To look inside an ant nest is to meet with an alien civilization. The mass of worker ants beneath an upturned stone is both strangely reminiscent of (联想到) human society and strikingly different. There is an organization that fascinates us and a long line of myrmecophiles (or ant lovers) leads back all the way to King Solomon, who in fact advised people to “go to the ant, consider her ways and be wise”. This was exactly the inspiration behind Planet Ant, a TV program showcasing what we know about the kingdom of ants, and what ants can teach us about the human world.
Like us, ants build structures, find food, defend their societies and manage waste, and — also like us — they must be well organized. For example, the leaf-cutting ants of Planet Ant have special waste disposal areas for storing harmful waste and a team of “waste-disposal ants” are dedicated to keeping the nest clean. But ants achieve this familiar final result in a very different way to humans. Human societies have centralized control. In other words, someone tells us what to do. Ants, on the other hand, have decentralized control and neither the queen nor any other ant directs work. Ant workers are the final self-starters, following specific, but potentially flexible, rules in certain situations.
Chemical trails support much of this self-organization. Foragers (觅食者) lay a mix of chemicals known as the trail pheromone (信息素) behind them as they walk. Other ants follow the trail and if they find food they reinforce it, laying more pheromones as they return to the nest. Stronger trails are more likely to be followed, so trails leading to food become gradually reinforced, while trails with no food in the end fade away.
This produces an effective foraging system that is very good at finding the quickest routes to food. This simple guiding principle, and others like it, have provided some useful solutions to the complex problems faced by engineers, computer scientists and businesses.
8. Why does the author mention King Solomon in the first paragraph
A. To provide a background. B. To show admiration for him.
C. To stress the wisdom of ants. D. To explain an abstract theory.
9. How do ants behave while performing tasks
A. They get orders from their partners. B. They choose to do only routine tasks.
C They strictly follow the queen’s orders. D. They follow their own senses and certain rules.
10. What information can we get about the trail pheromone from the text
A. It comes from the food resources. B. It appears before ants’ self-organization.
C It leads the following ants to food. D. It helps ants find their way back home.
11. Who does ants’ approach to finding food appeal to
A. Nature lovers. B. Engineers. C. Biologists. D. Explorers.
It has been known for some time that children are able to learn at breathtaking speed. But how does it work That’s what researchers have now found out. Using an artificial intelligence tool and an eye-tracker that tracks the movements of a baby’s eyes, scientists from the Thunders Research Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior investigated one of children’s greatest mysteries and came to a surprising conclusion.
It may seem very different, but babies are certainly not lying around randomly. “Babies don’t explore the world by chance, with their eyes falling on it. Babies have a strategy if they want to understand the world. First, they look for those pieces of information that allow them to understand other information faster and more efficiently. On the contrary, if they see an object or event from which they can learn nothing further, they simply reject it. Only the information useful to them, they select.” says Dr Francesco Poli.
That sounds easier, even for a baby, than done. But how does a baby know what is important and what is not
“Let’s take a good example: learning to talk. What we see as always is that babies who are about to say their first word begin to investigate a few weeks before how to use their mouths to talk. Instead of looking at the eyes in faces, they study carefully for weeks the mouths of the people who talk to them. So they are in a constant state of maximum learning capacity!”
“Babies build their knowledge. They are like little scientists who like to see their idea challenged. For example, they learn very quickly that objects fall down and don’t just disappear. And this is why they love bubbles (泡沫) so much: they do float up and then disappear!”
12. What is the surprising conclusion about children
A. They explore the world purposefully. B. They are attracted to all information.
C. They are breathtakingly fast learners. D. They possess exceptional intelligence.
13. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. Studying further. B. Observing the world.
C. Learning strategically. D. Understanding information.
14. Why can bubbles fascinate babies greatly
A. They make little scientists’ life colorful. B. They challenge babies’ existing cognition.
C. They prove what babies have just learned. D. They float up quickly and don’t just disappear.
15. Which word can best describe baby learners according to the author
A. Confident and optimistic. B. Observant and capable.
C. Consistent and persistent. D. Dynamic and responsible.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you imagined making an attractive garden which will be the reason for your neighbors’ envy
____16____ But not every one of them has the talent for making it happen. However, if there’s one thing they DO know, it’s how to make a simple cup of tea. As for the used teabags, most of them find they’re on the landfill site, but no longer! Your used teabag can work wonders in your garden by your simply burying it. ____17____ Continue to read what it does.
If you have ever tried to grow some seedlings (幼苗), then you know that this can be quite challenging. Not all seeds can grow into seedlings, even though you have tried so hard. But don’t worry. Here is good news. ____18____ And what you need just involves a used teabag.
By burying a teabag in your garden, you will provide nutrition to the soil, offering necessary food to the plants. In this way, your plants will be healthier and grow quicker. This is because tea works as a natural fertilizer (肥料) for the soil. The teabag itself is usually made from fibres from the abaca plant, which is a type of banana plant. The bag breaks down with its contents. ____19____
If you bury a teabag close to the roots of your plants, it will help store water in the soil. If there’s one thing important for plants, it’s water! What’s more, weeds are not wanted in your garden. ____20____ By burying a used teabag in the earth, you’ll make it a lot harder for the weeds to grow alongside your healthy plants.
A. A teabag is a great answer.
B. It does work though it sounds strange.
C. Making a beautiful garden requires efforts.
D. A beautiful garden is something most people enjoy.
E. There is one way to help your seedlings grow better.
F. A simple teabag is likely to do wonders for your seeds.
G. That will create a healthy environment for plants to grow in.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a nurse, Fawcett jumps around from the emergency room to the COVID-19 units upstairs. The unique ____21____ has allowed her to see all aspects of the disease — from patients on their death beds to those ____22____ enough to recover. But her fellow nurses in the emergency room have been so ____23____ and helpless, who don’t see any light at the end of this dark tunnel. “The patients are just ____24____,” the nurse said.
At a morning meeting, Fawcett decided to ____25____ what she witnessed with her fellow nurses. It really gives them a little ____26____ in their step. Fawcett has worked overtime since an old man was admitted. “This man came in, looking very____27____. His wife was accompanying him,” she recalled, “We cried together and ____28____ together. I did not think he was going to make it.” However, the turning point came a week later. He had been taken off the ventilator (呼吸机) and was ____29____. He was sitting in a chair, smiling at his wife! It was just ____30____.
The____31____ has become a motivation for the nurses who struggle to keep up their ____32____ during growing pandemic (流行病). They feel more ____33____ to everyone there because they’re all going through this war together. ____34____ the awesome death rate, they are firmly convinced that the pandemic will surely pass and everything will ____35____ be fine.
21. A. goal B. role C. habit D. desire
22. A. fortunate B. content C. energetic D. grateful
23. A. annoyed B. surprised C. embarrassed D. discouraged
24. A. checking out B. settling down C. flooding in D. holding on
25. A. share B. discuss C. compare D. match
26. A. development B. encouragement C. commitment D. accomplishment
27. A. strange B. confident C. brave D. weak
28. A. shouted B. prayed C. argued D. complained
29. A. returning B. struggling C. recovering D. progressing
30. A. incredible B. irregular C. unreasonable D. unavoidable
31. A. smile B. comfort C. passion D. enthusiasm
32. A. standard B. strength C. spirit D. pace
33. A. exposed B. connected C. stuck D. locked
34. A. Due to B. Apart from C. In spite of D. In response to
35. A. typically B. probably C. apparently D. eventually
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mount Wutai, located in the northeastern part of Shanxi province, is 230 kilometers away from the provincial capital city Taiyuan. It was named after five peaks that resemble five giant columns (柱子) ____36____ (rise) straight from the ground. With its high peaks, snow covers for much of the year. Even in midsummer days it remains cool and pleasant, ____37____ has given rise to another name: Qingliang Mountain as ____38____ ideal place for escaping summer heat.
Mount Wutai is a ____39____ (unique) beautiful mountain landscape with a cultural heritage that is at least as ____40____ (value) as the mountain’s natural beauty. ____41____ (refer) to as one of the four sacred Buddhist mountains of China, it is home ____42____ forty-one monasteries (寺院). Within their walls ____43____ (be) a rich collection of over 100,000 superb sculptures and paintings, along with a great quantity of Buddhist cultural relics. For example, the east main hall of the Foguang Temple is the highest wooden building in China that ____44____ (survive) since the Tang Dynasty.
Wutai Mountain displays its outstanding ____45____ (combine) of the natural landscape and Buddhist culture, religious belief in the natural landscape and Chinese philosophical thinking on the harmony between man and nature.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
46. 假定你是李华，暑假你参加了以“运动和健康”为主题的夏令营活动。最近你的笔友Mike写信询问相关情况，请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1.参加夏令营前你的健康状况；
2.夏令营的活动情况；
3.你的收获。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节.以使行文连贯。
Dear Mike,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a Saturday afternoon.I was having lunch when Dad told me to get ready. I became unhappy.I don’t like Saturdays! Even though it’ s a holiday for most children,it is not for me because I need to go to football club.
Many kids love sports, but I am not one of them.I prefer to stay at home and read. I don’t like running. so in a team am a bad player. The coach is tired of me and my teammates sometimes think I’ m useless.
I have no idea how to play football.Usually ,after practice my teammates would ask me to stay out of the game and I would just nod.
Last Thursday,the coach told us that we would be competing with some other team in a month and many people would come to see the game. Our opponents(对手)were the last winner and I froze(呆住)at the thought of the embarrassment()I would face if the team lost because of me.
So I decided to practice hard for the match and I went to practice every single day.
After one month, when the game day came my teammates were reluctant(不愿意的)to take me in the team,and I also wished to stay away from the ground as well. But as luck would have it they were short of one player and had no choice but to take me in the team.
Our team was named the Big Blues.There was a great cheer on our arrival in the field.I got very nervous.The game started and within two minutes, I got a blue card. By the time I was allowed back the score was two goals for each team and the next goal would decide the winning team.
注意:1续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
When the ball came towards me, I froze.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
All my teammates ran towards me to lift me in the air.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.C 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.B 17.A 18.B 19.A 20.B襄阳四中2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题
2022.11
本试卷共10页，共67题。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名.准考证号填在答题卡上.
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，答在试题卷上无效.
3.主观题答在答题卡上每题对应的答题区域内，答在试题卷上无效.
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共2小节;满分30分)
第一小节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
听对话，回答问题。
1.How much should the woman pay in total
A. $ 25. B. $ 35. C. $ 40.
2.Who is the man
A. A driving instructor. B. A taxi driver. C. A police officer.
3.What is the man ordering
A. Ice cream. B. Milk. C. Coffee.
4.What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A paper. B. A course. C. A teacher.
5.How long did the woman stay in Chicago
A. 6 years. B. 12 years. C. 23 years.
第二小节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How will the woman go to the Main Station
A. By train. B. By bike. C. By car.
7. Where will the speakers meet
A. At a bookshop. B. At the ticket office. C. At the woman’s home.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What’s the woman’s plan for this Saturday
A. Meeting Dr. Melo. B. Having a barbecue. C. Making an appointment.
9. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Co-workers. B. Doctor and patient. C. Mother and son.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10 Where does Tom want to work after graduation
A. In a restaurant. B. In a college. C. In a hotel.
11. What does Lucy major in
A. German. B. History. C. Computer science.
12. How does Tom support himself through college
A. By getting a student loan. B. By taking a part-time job. C. By winning a scholarship.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题
13. Where is the man going
A. To the library. B. To the museum. C. To his apartment.
14. What are the man’s favorites
A. Drawings. B. Watercolors. C. Oil paintings.
15. What do we know about the man
A. He wishes to paint very well. B. He has very good taste in art. C. He dislikes traditional art.
16. What is the woman going to do this weekend
A. Buy a theatre ticket. B. Go to an exhibition. C. Take painting lessons.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did people move to cities for in the 18th century
A. Jobs. B. A better life. C. Good services.
18. Why did people go to the countryside on Sundays and holidays
A. To ride horses. B. To enjoy themselves. C. To visit their relatives.
19. When did the first bicycle appear
A. In 1790. B. In 1861 C. In 1890
20. What was the advantage of bicycles in the 19th century
A. They were safer. B. They were cheaper. C. They were faster.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A Wild Child's Guide to Endangered Animals
From New York Times bestselling author Millie Marotta comes this gorgeous celebration of the animal kingdom. Highlighting 43 endangered species, the book takes readers on a trip around the world while learning about rare and well-known animals and their habitats.
Marcovaldo
Marcovaldo is a collection of 20 short stories written by Italo Calvino. Describing the life of a poor rural man living in northern Italy, the stories unfold according to the seasonal cycle of a mon themes in the stories include pollution, failure and poverty.
The Art of Mondo
Over the years, Mondo has received global recognition for its incredible art posters that bring to life classic films, television shows, and comics such as Jurassic Park. For the first time, The Art of Mondo brings together this highly sought-after art in one volume that showcases the incredible creativity of the studio's artists whose vastly different styles are united by one guiding principle: limitless passion for their subject matters.
The Coming of the Third Reich
There is no story in 20th-century history more important to understand than Hitler's rise to power and the collapse(坍塌) of civilization in Nazi Germany. The Coming of the Third Reich, by Richard Evans, offers a masterful combination of academic work, important new research and interpretations.
Patriarchy and Capitalism
Chizuko Ueno, a leading Japanese sociologist, feminist critic and public intellectual, has been a pioneer in women's studies and the author of many books, including Patriarchy and Capitalism.
1. Which book will you choose if you are interested in art
A. Marcovaldo. B. The Art of Mondo.
C. The Coming of the Third Reich. D. Patriarchy and Capitalism.
2. Who cares about women's rights and interests
A. Millie Marotta. B. Italo Calvino.
C. Richard Evans. D. Chizuko Ueno.
3. What is the main purpose of the text
A. To introduce art forms. B. To remember five writers.
C. To recommend quality books. D. To compare different cultures.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了五本书的作者和主要内容。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三本书The Art of Mondo部分中“Over the years, Mondo has received global recognition for its incredible art posters that bring to life classic films, television shows, and comics such as Jurassic Park. For the first time, The Art of Mondo brings together this highly sought-after art in one volume…(多年来，Mondo因其令人难以置信的艺术海报而获得了全球的认可，这些海报将经典电影、电视节目和漫画如《侏罗纪公园》带入了生活。The Art of Mondo首次把这一备受欢迎的艺术集中在一卷)”可知，如果你对艺术感兴趣，可以选择The Art of Mondo这本书。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Chizuko Ueno, a leading Japanese sociologist, feminist critic and public intellectual, has been a pioneer in women's studies and the author of many books, including Patriarchy and Capitalism.(Chizuko Ueno是日本著名的社会学家、女权主义评论家和公共知识分子，是女性研究领域的先驱，著有多部著作，包括《父权制和资本主义》。)”可知，Chizuko Ueno关心女性的权利和利益。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了几本书的主要内容，所以本文的目的是推荐几本有质量的书籍。故选C项。
Learning to say “yes, and”
When I first heard about the improvisation (即兴交流) class, I was hesitating. As a quiet and shy girl, I feared improvising in front of strangers. However, I knew I wanted to work as a science communicator after finishing my Ph.D., so it seemed like a perfect chance to learn how to speak and communicate with others effectively. I signed up, knowing the experience would give me help.
During our first class, we learned an important concept of improvisation: “yes, and.” It means that, as improvisers, we’d better accept what fellow performers say. If someone says that rhinos (犀牛) are librarians, for example, then rhinos are librarians. We do not question the logic; we say “yes” and then continue with the scene as if nothing is wrong.
The first few scenes were hard, but as weeks turned into months, I became more comfortable and even started to enjoy our classes. I became better at listening, relating to my conversation partners, and communicating clearly in the moment. Once when I was giving a presentation about my science, an audience member surprised me with a question that didn’t grow out of the information I’d presented. Instead of getting confused and nervous, I took the “yes, and” approach—accepting the question and letting my mind focus on why it was asked. That helped me find an appropriate answer. I got pretty excited about it.
The benefits of improvisation go beyond communication. Before attending the class, I would get stuck when my experiments produced unexpected data, thinking that I had made a mistake. But now, instead of getting discouraged, I will stay open to the possibility that the results are real, keep exploring the data and end up identifying a new type of cell—one that isn’t behaving as expected.
I think all scientists can benefit from this lesson. If the data say rhinos are librarians, then it’s worth finding out whether rhinos are, in fact, librarians. As scientists, our job isn’t to challenge data that support, a preconceived story, but to say “yes, and.”
4. Why did the author attend the improvisation class
A. To get a different experience.
B. To finish her Ph.D. at university.
C. To give up her job as a science communicator.
D. To improve her speaking and communicating ability.
5. What was the author’s change after attending the improvisation class
A She formed her own idea quickly.
B. She came up with lots of creative responses.
C. She paid more attention to the logic of answers.
D. She became a good listener before giving an opinion.
6. The author mentions applying the “yes, and” approach to her scientific experiments to ________.
A. explain the process of using the method
B. prove the benefits of the improvisation class
C. share her own research experiences with readers
D. attract fellow scientists to attend the improvisation class
7. What can be inferred about scientists from the last paragraph
A. They should attend the improvisation class.
B. They should question all preconceived ideas.
C. They should carry on research by admitting earlier data.
D. They should try to improve their academic knowledge.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了作者通过上即兴交流课，学会了“yes, and”方法，让自己更善于倾听，并给自己的科学研究带来了好处。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“As a quiet and shy girl, I feared improvising in front of strangers. However, I knew I wanted to work as a science communicator after finishing my Ph.D., so it seemed like a perfect chance to learn how to speak and communicate with others effectively. I signed up, knowing the experience would give me help.”（作为一个安静害羞女孩，我害怕在陌生人面前即兴交流。然而，我知道我想在完成博士学位后成为一名科学交流者，因此，这似乎是一个学习如何有效地与他人交谈和沟通的绝佳机会。我报名了，因为我知道这段经历会给我帮助）可知，因为作者打算的完成博士学位后成为一名科学交流者，需要提高与他人交谈和沟通的能力，但她一个安静害羞的女孩，她参加即兴交流课是想要提高自己的交谈和沟通的能力，由此可知，作者参加即兴交流课是为了提高她的交谈和沟通能力。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“The first few scenes were hard, but as weeks turned into months, I became more comfortable and even started to enjoy our classes. I became better at listening, relating to my conversation partners, and communicating clearly in the moment.”（最初的几个场景很难，但随着上了几个月课后，我变得更舒服了，甚至开始享受我们的课程。我变得更善于倾听，更善于与我的谈话伙伴交流，也更善于在这一刻清晰地沟通）可知，在上了几周课后，作者变得更善于倾听，更善于与谈话伙伴交流，也更善于清晰地沟通，由此可知，作者参加即兴交流课后的变化是：在发表意见之前，她成了一个很好的倾听者。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句“Before attending the class, I would get stuck when my experiments produced unexpected data, thinking that I had made a mistake. But now, instead of getting discouraged, I will stay open to the possibility that the results are real, keep exploring the data and end up identifying a new type of cell—one that isn’t behaving as expected.”（在上课之前，当我的实验产生意想不到的数据时，我会被卡住，觉得自己犯了一个错误。但是现在，我不会灰心，而是会对结果是真实的可能性保持开放态度，继续探索数据，最终发现一种新类型的细胞——一种不符合预期的细胞）和最后一段关键句“I think all scientists can benefit from this lesson.”（我认为所有的科学家都能从这个课中受益）可知，运用了“yes, and”方法，让作者在进行科学实验的过程中受益，她会对意想不到的结果持开放态度，继续研究，最终有了意想不到的科学发现，她认为所有的科学家都能从这个课中受益，由此可知，作者提到在她的科学实验中运用“yes, and”的方法是为了证明即兴交流课的好处。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“If the data say rhinos are librarians, then it’s worth finding out whether rhinos are, in fact, librarians. As scientists, our job isn’t to challenge data that support, a preconceived story, but to say “yes, and.””（如果数据显示犀牛是图书管理员，那么就有必要了解犀牛是否是图书管理员。作为科学家，我们的工作不是去挑战支持一个事先形成的描述的数据，而是说“yes, and”）可知，作者认为面对之前的科学数据，我们的工作并不是去挑战它，而是要接受它，并继续研究，探索真伪，由此可知，从最后一段可以推断出科学家应该通过接受早期数据进行研究。故选C项。
To look inside an ant nest is to meet with an alien civilization. The mass of worker ants beneath an upturned stone is both strangely reminiscent of (联想到) human society and strikingly different. There is an organization that fascinates us and a long line of myrmecophiles (or ant lovers) leads back all the way to King Solomon, who in fact advised people to “go to the ant, consider her ways and be wise”. This was exactly the inspiration behind Planet Ant, a TV program showcasing what we know about the kingdom of ants, and what ants can teach us about the human world.
Like us ants build structures, find food, defend their societies and manage waste, and — also like us — they must be well organized. For example, the leaf-cutting ants of Planet Ant have special waste disposal areas for storing harmful waste and a team of “waste-disposal ants” are dedicated to keeping the nest clean. But ants achieve this familiar final result in a very different way to humans. Human societies have centralized control. In other words, someone tells us what to do. Ants, on the other hand, have decentralized control and neither the queen nor any other ant directs work. Ant workers are the final self-starters, following specific, but potentially flexible, rules in certain situations.
Chemical trails support much of this self-organization. Foragers (觅食者) lay a mix of chemicals known as the trail pheromone (信息素) behind them as they walk. Other ants follow the trail and if they find food they reinforce it, laying more pheromones as they return to the nest. Stronger trails are more likely to be followed, so trails leading to food become gradually reinforced, while trails with no food in the end fade away.
This produces an effective foraging system that is very good at finding the quickest routes to food. This simple guiding principle, and others like it, have provided some useful solutions to the complex problems faced by engineers, computer scientists and businesses.
8. Why does the author mention King Solomon in the first paragraph
A. To provide a background. B. To show admiration for him.
C. To stress the wisdom of ants. D. To explain an abstract theory.
9. How do ants behave while performing tasks
A. They get orders from their partners. B. They choose to do only routine tasks.
C. They strictly follow the queen’s orders. D. They follow their own senses and certain rules.
10. What information can we get about the trail pheromone from the text
A. It comes from the food resources. B. It appears before ants’ self-organization.
C. It leads the following ants to food. D. It helps ants find their way back home.
11. Who does ants’ approach to finding food appeal to
A. Nature lovers. B. Engineers. C. Biologists. D. Explorers.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蚂蚁充满智慧的工作方式，这种工作方式为人类提供了很多灵感。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“King Solomon, who in fact advised people to “go to the ant, consider her ways and be wise” (所罗门王，他实际上建议人们去看看蚂蚁，想想她的方式，然后变得有智慧)”可知，作者在第一段提到了所罗门王是为了强调蚂蚁的智慧。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ants, on the other hand, have decentralized control and neither the queen nor any other ant directs work. Ant workers are the final self-starters, following specific, but potentially flexible, rules in certain situations.(另一方面，蚂蚁的控制是分散的，既不是蚁后也不是其他蚂蚁指挥工作。蚂蚁工作者是最后的自我启动者，在某些情况下遵循特定但可能灵活的规则)”可知，在工作时蚂蚁遵循自己的感觉和某些规则。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Foragers (觅食者) lay a mix of chemicals known as the trail pheromone (信息素) behind them as they walk. Other ants follow the trail and if they find food they reinforce it, laying more pheromones as they return to the nest. Stronger trails are more likely to be followed, so trails leading to food become progressively reinforced, while trails with no food at the end fade away.(觅食者在行走时会在身后放置一种被称为踪迹信息素的混合化学物质。其他蚂蚁会沿着这条路走，如果它们找到食物，就会加强这条路，在返回巢穴时会释放更多的信息素。更强的路径更有可能被跟踪，所以通往食物的路径会逐渐加强，而最后没有食物的路径会逐渐消失)”可知，踪迹信息素主要起到了指引其他蚂蚁找到食物的作用。故选C。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“This produces an effective foraging system that is very good at finding the quickest routes to food. This simple guiding principle, and others like it, have provided some useful solutions to the complex problems faced by engineers, computer scientists and businesses.(这就产生了一个有效的觅食系统，它非常善于找到最快的觅食路线。这个简单的指导原则，以及其他类似的原则，为工程师、计算机科学家和企业面临的复杂问题提供了一些有用的解决方案)”可知，蚂蚁寻找食物的方式吸引了工程师。故选B。
It has been known for some time that children are able to learn at breathtaking speed. But how does it work That’s what researchers have now found out. Using an artificial intelligence tool and an eye-tracker that tracks the movements of a baby’s eyes, scientists from the Thunders Research Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior investigated one of children’s greatest mysteries and came to a surprising conclusion.
It may seem very different, but babies are certainly not lying around randomly. “Babies don’t explore the world by chance, with their eyes falling on it. Babies have a strategy if they want to understand the world. First, they look for those pieces of information that allow them to understand other information faster and more efficiently. On the contrary, if they see an object or event from which they can learn nothing further, they simply reject it. Only the information useful to them, they select.” says Dr Francesco Poli.
That sounds easier, even for a baby, than done. But how does a baby know what is important and what is not
“Let’s take a good example: learning to talk. What we see as always is that babies who are about to say their first word begin to investigate a few weeks before how to use their mouths to talk. Instead of looking at the eyes in faces, they study carefully for weeks the mouths of the people who talk to them. So they are in a constant state of maximum learning capacity!”
“Babies build their knowledge. They are like little scientists who like to see their idea challenged. For example, they learn very quickly that objects fall down and don’t just disappear. And this is why they love bubbles (泡沫) so much: they do float up and then disappear!”
12. What is the surprising conclusion about children
A. They explore the world purposefully. B. They are attracted to all information.
C. They are breathtakingly fast learners. D. They possess exceptional intelligence.
13. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. Studying further. B. Observing the world.
C. Learning strategically. D. Understanding information.
14. Why can bubbles fascinate babies greatly
A. They make little scientists’ life colorful. B. They challenge babies’ existing cognition.
C. They prove what babies have just learned. D. They float up quickly and don’t just disappear.
15. Which word can best describe baby learners according to the author
A. Confident and optimistic. B. Observant and capable.
C. Consistent and persistent. D. Dynamic and responsible.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是一段时间以来，人们都知道儿童的学习速度惊人。但是它是如何工作的呢 研究人员使用人工智能工具和跟踪婴儿眼睛运动的眼球追踪器调查了儿童的学习速度惊人这一谜团，并得出了令人惊讶的结论。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It may seem very different, but babies are certainly not lying around randomly. Babies don’t explore the world by chance, with their eyes falling on it. Babies have a strategy if they want to understand the world.(这可能看起来非常不同，但婴儿肯定不是随意躺着的。婴儿探索世界不是偶然的，他们的眼睛落在上面。如果婴儿想要了解这个世界，他们会有自己的策略。”)”可知婴儿在理解世界的时候会使用策略，他们会观察物体寻找有用的信息，拒绝对他们无用的东西。由此可知，婴儿是有目的地探索世界这个发现让人惊讶。故选A项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Babies have a strategy if they want to understand the world. First, they look for those pieces of information that allow them to understand other information faster and more efficiently. On the contrary, if they see an object or event from which they can learn nothing further, they simply reject it. Only the information useful to them, they select, says Dr Francesco Poli. (如果婴儿想要了解这个世界，他们会有自己的策略。首先，他们寻找那些能让他们更快更有效地理解其他信息的信息片段。相反，如果他们看到一个他们无法进一步了解的物体或事件，他们就会直接拒绝它。他们只选择对他们有用的信息。Francesco Poli博士说)”以及文章第三段“That sounds easier, even for a baby, than done. But how does a baby know what is important and what is not (即使对婴儿来说，这听起来容易做起来难。但是婴儿怎么知道什么是重要的，什么是不重要的 )”可知，此处的That指代的应该是有策略地学习。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段““Babies build their knowledge. They are like little scientists who like to see their idea challenged. For example, they learn very quickly that objects fall down and don’t just disappear. And this is why they love bubbles(泡沫)so much: they do float up and then disappear!”(“婴儿逐渐增进他们的知识。他们就像小科学家，喜欢看到自己的想法受到挑战。例如，它们很快就知道物体会掉下来，而不是凭空消失。这就是为什么他们如此喜欢泡沫：它们确实会起浮来，然后消失!”)”可知，在婴儿的认知世界里物体是掉下来，而不是凭空消失，但是泡泡却是浮起来然后就消失了，这和他们已有的认知是不一样的，所以泡泡的特点对他们已有的认知形成了挑战，让他们很感兴趣。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“First, they look for those pieces of information that allow them to understand other information faster and more efficiently. On the contrary, if they see an object or event from which they can learn nothing further, they simply reject it. Only the information useful to them, they select.(首先，他们寻找那些能让他们更快更有效地理解其他信息的信息片段。相反，如果他们看到一个他们无法进一步了解的物体或事件，他们就会直接拒绝它。他们只选择对他们有用的信息)”以及文章第四段“Instead of looking at the eyes in faces, they study carefully for weeks the mouths of the people who talk to them. So they are in a constant state of maximum learning capacity!(他们不是看脸上的眼睛，而是仔细研究与他们交谈的人的嘴巴。所以他们一直处于最大学习能力的状态!)”以及全文内容可知，婴儿善于观察且具有极强的学习能力。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you imagined making an attractive garden which will be the reason for your neighbors’ envy
____16____ But not every one of them has the talent for making it happen. However, if there’s one thing they DO know, it’s how to make a simple cup of tea. As for the used teabags, most of them find they’re on the landfill site, but no longer! Your used teabag can work wonders in your garden by your simply burying it. ____17____ Continue to read what it does.
If you have ever tried to grow some seedlings (幼苗), then you know that this can be quite challenging. Not all seeds can grow into seedlings, even though you have tried so hard. But don’t worry. Here is good news. ____18____ And what you need just involves a used teabag.
By burying a teabag in your garden, you will provide nutrition to the soil, offering necessary food to the plants. In this way, your plants will be healthier and grow quicker. This is because tea works as a natural fertilizer (肥料) for the soil. The teabag itself is usually made from fibres from the abaca plant, which is a type of banana plant. The bag breaks down with its contents. ____19____
If you bury a teabag close to the roots of your plants, it will help store water in the soil. If there’s one thing important for plants, it’s water! What’s more, weeds are not wanted in your garden. ____20____ By burying a used teabag in the earth, you’ll make it a lot harder for the weeds to grow alongside your healthy plants.
A. A teabag is a great answer.
B. It does work though it sounds strange.
C. Making a beautiful garden requires efforts.
D. A beautiful garden is something most people enjoy.
E. There is one way to help your seedlings grow better.
F. A simple teabag is likely to do wonders for your seeds.
G. That will create a healthy environment for plants to grow in.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. E 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了茶包的再利用可以用做一种有利于花园种植的好办法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Have you imagined making an attractive garden which will be the reason for your neighbors’ envy (你有没有想过建造一个有吸引力的花园，这会成为你邻居羡慕的原因？)”以及下文“But not every one of them has the talent for making it happen.(但并不是每个人都有实现这一目标的天赋)”可知，此处上下文说的是美丽的花园是很多人喜欢的东西，D项“A beautiful garden is something most people enjoy.(美丽的花园是大多数人喜欢的东西)”表达的含义一致，也与下文形成转折，故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“As for the used teabags, most of them find they’re on the landfill site, but no longer! Your used teabag can work wonders in your garden by your simply burying it.(至于用过的茶包，大多数都在垃圾填埋场，但现在已经不在了！你用过的茶包只要把它埋起来，就能在你的花园里创造奇迹)”可知，上文说的是用过的茶包对花园有效，结合常识而言，有点奇怪，B项“It does work though it sounds strange.(虽然听起来很奇怪，但它确实有效)”符合题意，故选B项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“And what you need just involves a used teabag.(你需要的只是一个用过的茶包)”可知，该空应承接下文说的是帮助幼苗更好地生长的方法，E项“There is one way to help your seedlings grow better.(有一种方法可以帮助你的幼苗更好地生长)”符合题意，故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“This is because tea works as a natural fertilizer (肥料) for the soil. The teabag itself is usually made from fibres from the abaca plant, which is a type of banana plant. The bag breaks down with its contents.(这是因为茶是土壤的天然肥料。袋泡茶本身通常是由阿巴卡植物的纤维制成的，阿巴卡植物是一种香蕉植物。袋子里的东西会分解)”可知，茶袋里的东西分解之后，会成为土壤的天然肥料，G项“That will create a healthy environment for plants to grow in.(这将为植物的生长创造一个健康的环境)”符合题意，讲茶包埋进土里分解后对花园植物的好处，故选G项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“What’s more, weeds are not wanted in your garden. (更重要的是，你的花园里不需要杂草)”和下文“By burying a used teabag in the earth, you’ll make it a lot harder for the weeds to grow alongside your healthy plants.(把用过的茶包埋在地里，你会让杂草更难与健康的植物一起生长)”可知此处上下文说的是茶包可以作为一种有利于花园除草的好方法，与A项“A teabag is a great answer.(茶包是个不错的办法)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a nurse, Fawcett jumps around from the emergency room to the COVID-19 units upstairs. The unique ____21____ has allowed her to see all aspects of the disease — from patients on their death beds to those ____22____ enough to recover. But her fellow nurses in the emergency room have been so ____23____ and helpless, who don’t see any light at the end of this dark tunnel. “The patients are just ____24____,” the nurse said.
At a morning meeting, Fawcett decided to ____25____ what she witnessed with her fellow nurses. It really gives them a little ____26____ in their step. Fawcett has worked overtime since an old man was admitted. “This man came in, looking very____27____. His wife was accompanying him,” she recalled, “We cried together and ____28____ together. I did not think he was going to make it.” However, the turning point came a week later. He had been taken off the ventilator (呼吸机) and was ____29____. He was sitting in a chair, smiling at his wife! It was just ____30____.
The____31____ has become a motivation for the nurses who struggle to keep up their ____32____ during growing pandemic (流行病). They feel more ____33____ to everyone there because they’re all going through this war together. ____34____ the awesome death rate, they are firmly convinced that the pandemic will surely pass and everything will ____35____ be fine.
21. A. goal B. role C. habit D. desire
22. A. fortunate B. content C. energetic D. grateful
23. A. annoyed B. surprised C. embarrassed D. discouraged
24. A. checking out B. settling down C. flooding in D. holding on
25. A. share B. discuss C. compare D. match
26. A. development B. encouragement C. commitment D. accomplishment
27. A. strange B. confident C. brave D. weak
28 A. shouted B. prayed C. argued D. complained
29. A. returning B. struggling C. recovering D. progressing
30. A. incredible B. irregular C. unreasonable D. unavoidable
31. A. smile B. comfort C. passion D. enthusiasm
32. A. standard B. strength C. spirit D. pace
33. A. exposed B. connected C. stuck D. locked
34. A. Due to B. Apart from C. In spite of D. In response to
35. A. typically B. probably C. apparently D. eventually
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。由于新冠感染者激增，医院护士面对死去的病人心灵受到打击，感到无助。此时Fawcett向她们讲述了一个感染病毒存活希望不大但最终战胜了病魔的老人的故事，以此来增强同事们对抗疫情的信心。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一独特的角色使她能够看到疾病的各个方面——从病入膏肓的病人到那些幸运康复的病人。A. goal目标；B. role角色；C. habit习惯；D. desire欲望。根据前文“as a nurse”得知，空格处指代的是这一独特的“角色”，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一独特的角色使她能够看到疾病的各个方面——从病入膏肓的病人到那些幸运康复的病人。A. fortunate幸运的；B. content满足的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. grateful感激的。根据前文的“death bed”和后文的“enough to recover”得知，空格处填fortunate，和前文的death bed形成对比。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她在急诊室的护士同事们非常沮丧和无助，他们看不到这条黑暗隧道尽头的任何光明。A. annoyed生气的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. discouraged沮丧的。根据并列词and和形容词helpless“无助的”可知，空格处含义和helpless相同或相近，都表示护士的绝望心情。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：护士说：“病人不断涌入。”A. checking out结账离开；B. settling down定居；C. flooding in大量涌入；D. holding on坚持。根据前文“who don’t see any light at the end of this dark tunnel”可知，病人们不断“涌进来”让护士们对抗病魔的感到绝望。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一次早上例会上，Fawcett决定把她所看到的分享给其他护士。A. share分享；B. discuss讨论；C. compare对比；D. match匹配。根据后文“what she witnessed with her fellow nurses”可知，Fawcett讲述了之前发生的一件事情来鼓舞士气，所以空格处表示“分享”的含义。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这确实给了他们一点鼓励。A. development发展；B. encouragement鼓励；C. commitment承诺；D. accomplishment成就。根据后文“The ___11___ has become a motivation for the nurses who struggle to keep up their ___12___ during growing pandemic(流行病).”可知，Fawcett的分享真正地给了同事们一些“鼓励”，encouragement呼应后文的motivation。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她回忆道：“这个人走了进来，看起来很虚弱。他的妻子陪着他。”A. strange奇怪的，陌生的；B. confident自信的；C. brave勇敢的；D. weak虚弱的。根据后文“We cried together and ___8___ together. I did not think he was going to make it.”可知，老人可能撑不下去，说明老人入院时病情严重，所以看起来很“虚弱”。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一起哭泣和祈祷。A. shouted呼喊；B. prayed祈祷；C. argued争论；D. complained抱怨。根据前文“This man came in, looking very... His wife was accompanying him”可知老人身体情况很糟糕，结合并列词and和前文提示词cried，可知空格处表示填prayed符合题意，表示Fawcett和妻子一起为老人祈祷。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：老人取下了呼吸机，身体开始恢复。A. returning返回；B. struggling挣扎；C. recovering恢复；D. progressing进步。“However, the turning point came a week later.”中However和the turning point表明前后语义呈转折关系。根据并列词and和“He had been taken off the ventilator”可知，老人糟糕的身体情况开始好转恢复。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这真是太不可思议了。A. incredible难以置信的；B. irregular无规律的，不规则的；C. unreasonable不合情理的；D. unavoidable不可避免的。前文提到老人撑不下去，后文提到身体恢复，所以这整个事情是“令人难以置信的”。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个微笑已经成为护士们在日益严重的疫情中努力保持精神状态的动力。A. smile微笑；B. comfort舒适；C. passion激情；D. enthusiasm热情。“the+名词”往往特指前文提到的事物。前文提到老人正坐在椅子上，对着妻子微笑，可知老人的“笑颜”对于护士来说是一种动力。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个微笑已经成为护士们在日益严重的疫情中努力保持精神状态的动力。A. standard标准；B. strength力量；C. spirit精神；D. pace步伐。前文说到护士面对如此多受感染的病人，感到气馁和无助，这是一种精神状态，Fawcett通过分享故事，大家的精神状态得到调整，大家开始努力保持他们的斗志。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们觉得和那里的每个人都有更紧密的联系，因为他们一起经历了这场疫情。A. exposed暴露的；B. connected联系紧密的；C. struck罢工中的；D. locked上锁的。由后文的“go through the war together”可知护士们精诚团结共同对抗新冠疫情，所以他们感觉联系的更加紧密了，所以connected符合题意。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管死亡率惊人，但护士们坚信疫情定会过去，一切终将美好。A. Due to由于；B. Apart from除了……之外；C. In spite of尽管；D. In response to作为回应。空格后“the awesome death rate”描述死亡率可怕，是负面内容，空格后“the pandemic will surely pass(疫情终将过去)”是正面内容，前后内容形成让步关系。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管死亡率惊人，但护士们坚信大流行疫情定会过去，一切终将美好。A. typically典型地；B. probably可能地；C. apparently明显地；D. eventually最终。根据并列词and可知，“the pandemic will surely pass”和“everything will___15___be fine”表示相同含义，都是积极的内容，结合空格前的副词surely，空格处填eventually符合题意。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mount Wutai, located in the northeastern part of Shanxi province, is 230 kilometers away from the provincial capital city Taiyuan. It was named after five peaks that resemble five giant columns (柱子) ____36____ (rise) straight from the ground. With its high peaks, snow covers for much of the year. Even in midsummer days it remains cool and pleasant, ____37____ has given rise to another name: Qingliang Mountain as ____38____ ideal place for escaping summer heat.
Mount Wutai is a ____39____ (unique) beautiful mountain landscape with a cultural heritage that is at least as ____40____ (value) as the mountain’s natural beauty. ____41____ (refer) to as one of the four sacred Buddhist mountains of China, it is home ____42____ forty-one monasteries (寺院). Within their walls ____43____ (be) a rich collection of over 100,000 superb sculptures and paintings, along with a great quantity of Buddhist cultural relics. For example, the east main hall of the Foguang Temple is the highest wooden building in China that ____44____ (survive) since the Tang Dynasty.
Wutai Mountain displays its outstanding ____45____ (combine) of the natural landscape and Buddhist culture, religious belief in the natural landscape and Chinese philosophical thinking on the harmony between man and nature.
【答案】36. rising
37. which 38. an
39. uniquely
40. valuable
41. Referred
42. to 43. is
44. has survived
bination
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了五台山的地理位置、名字的由来、自然景色和文化遗产等。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它是以五座山峰命名的，这五座山峰类似于五根巨大的柱子直接从地面升起。分析句子可知，空处是作定语修饰前面的名词columns，而所给的词是动词，和被修饰的词columns之间又是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填rising。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：即使在仲夏时节，这里依然凉爽宜人，这就产生了另一个名字：清凉山，是避暑的理想去处。分析句子可知，空处所在的句子是一个定语从句，先行词为逗号前的内容，作从句的主语，表示事物，用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：即使在仲夏时节，这里依然凉爽宜人，这就产生了另一个名字：清凉山，是避暑的理想去处。根据后面的单数可数名词place并结合语境可知，此处应用不定冠词表示数量“一个”，而ideal发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：五台山是一个独特美丽的山地景观，它的文化遗产至少与它的自然美景一样宝贵。空处修饰后面的形容词beautiful，需用副词形式。故填uniquely。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：五台山是一个独特美丽的山地景观，它的文化遗产至少与它的自然美景一样宝贵。空处在that引导的定语从句中作表语，且用于as...as的比较结构中，所以要用形容词原级。故填valuable。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它被称为中国四大佛教圣山之一，是四十一座寺庙的所在地。分析句子可知，空处在句中作状语，而所给单词refer是动词，且和句子的主语it之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词，且该词位于句首。故填Referred。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：它被称为中国四大佛教圣山之一，是四十一座寺庙的所在地。be home to(为……所在地)是固定搭配。故填to。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在他们的墙内藏有超过10万件精美雕塑和绘画，以及大量佛教文物。这是一个倒装句，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是collection，单数形式，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数is。故填is。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：例如，佛光寺东大殿是中国自唐代以来保存下来的最高的木质建筑。根据后面的时间状语since the Tang Dynasty可知，that引导的定语从句应该用现在完成时。that指代building，为单数形式。故填has survived。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：五台山体现了自然景观与佛教文化、自然景观中的宗教信仰和中国人对天人合一的哲学思考的杰出结合。空处需要一个名词作谓语动词displays的宾语。故填combination。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
46. 假定你是李华，暑假你参加了以“运动和健康”为主题的夏令营活动。最近你的笔友Mike写信询问相关情况，请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1.参加夏令营前你的健康状况；
2.夏令营的活动情况；
3.你的收获。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节.以使行文连贯。
Dear Mike,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike,
I am delighted to tell you something about the summer camp with the theme of Exercise and Health. Before getting involved in it, I hardly ever felt well, either physically or mentally. However, things changed for the better in the camp. All the participants were required to exercise every day, including variety of sports, such as playing table tennis, badminton and running. Besides, we are required to routinely keep a balanced diet, which enabled me to feel energetic and get refreshed.
Through the activity, not only have I gained an awareness of living a healthy life, but also enhanced the quality of my study as well as life.
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给你的笔友Mike回信告知你暑假参加的以“运动和健康”为主题的夏令营活动的相关情况。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴：happy →delighted
此外：Moreover →Besides
获得：get →gain
提高：improve = enhance
2.句式拓展
句式转化
原句：Besides, we are required to routinely keep a balanced diet, which enabled me to feel energetic and get refreshed.
拓展句：Besides, we are required to routinely keep a balanced diet so that I can feel energetic and get refreshed.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Besides, we are required to routinely keep a balanced diet, which enabled me to feel energetic and get refreshed. (这句话运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。)
[高分句型2] Through the activity, not only have I gained an awareness of living a healthy life, but also enhanced the quality of my study as well as life. (这句话运用了部分倒装句。)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a Saturday afternoon.I was having lunch when Dad told me to get ready. I became unhappy.I don’t like Saturdays! Even though it’ s a holiday for most children,it is not for me because I need to go to football club.
Many kids love sports, but I am not one of them.I prefer to stay at home and read. I don’t like running. so in a team am a bad player. The coach is tired of me and my teammates sometimes think I’ m useless.
I have no idea how to play football.Usually ,after practice my teammates would ask me to stay out of the game and I would just nod.
Last Thursday,the coach told us that we would be competing with some other team in a month and many people would come to see the game. Our opponents(对手)were the last winner and I froze(呆住)at the thought of the embarrassment()I would face if the team lost because of me.
So I decided to practice hard for the match and I went to practice every single day.
After one month, when the game day came my teammates were reluctant(不愿意的)to take me in the team,and I also wished to stay away from the ground as well. But as luck would have it they were short of one player and had no choice but to take me in the team.
Our team was named the Big Blues.There was a great cheer on our arrival in the field.I got very nervous.The game started and within two minutes, I got a blue card. By the time I was allowed back the score was two goals for each team and the next goal would decide the winning team.
注意:1续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
When the ball came towards me, I froze.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
All my teammates ran towards me to lift me in the air.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
When the ball came towards me, I froze. My teammates were very tired and seemed worried.The opponents rushed towards me. Without thinking anymore, I found courage, and with all my might, I kicked the ball. The opponents didn’t think highly of me, so they didn’t think that I would be able to kick the ball so powerfully. As I kicked, the goalkeeper jumped towards the ball.
As the ball hit the back of the net,I heard a big cheer. The Big Blues won the match! All my teammates ran towards me to lift me in the air Since that day, I have gained some confidence and started to play better My coach and teammates are also happy with me and they try to improve my skills every time I play. Now I have realized that I always liked this sport, but my problem with it had something to do with the lack of encouragement I got. Now I can build on my confidence and I’ve realized I can also play this sport very well.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者本不喜欢足球运动，但是父亲却要自己去足球俱乐部，所以队员和教练都疏远自己，但是在一次重要比赛中，作者帮助球队进了关键的一球，队员和教练对作者赞赏有加，增加了作者的信心，作者喜欢上了运动。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当球向我飞来时，我愣住了。”可知，第一段可描写作者如何帮助球队进了制胜的一球。
②由第二段首句内容“当球击中球网背面时，我听到一阵热烈的欢呼。”可知，第二段可描写作者获得了队员和教练的赞扬，以及作者的感悟。
2. 续写线索：不喜欢运动—受到教练和队员的不喜—有比赛—踢进制胜一球—受到表扬—感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①看起来：seem/look like/appear
②想都没想：without thinking anymore/without further thought/without second thought
③获得：gain/obtain/achieve
④提高：improve/get better/enhance
情绪类
①担心的：worried/anxious/apprehensive
②快乐：happy/contented/pleased
【点睛】[高分句型1]The opponents didn’t think highly of me, so they didn’t think that I would be able to kick the ball so powerfully.（that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]Now I have realized that I always liked this sport, but my problem with it had something to do with the lack of encouragement I got.（that引导的宾语从句，以及省略that的定语从句）
听力答案：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.C 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.B 17.A 18.B 19.A 20.B

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