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名词性从句
什么是名词性从句？
对于一个主从复合句，若从句在主句中相当于一个名词的功能，则把这个从句称为名词性从句。如：
What I enjoyed most was the delicious food.
The result was that she lost the game.
名词性从句包括哪些？
主语(√): What I enjoyed most was the delicious food.
谓语(×)
宾语(√): I don’t know whether there will be a bus.
定语(×)
状语(×)
补语(×)
表语(√): The result was (that) she lost the game.
同位语(√): The news that she lost the game made us disappointed.
名词性从句
第一节 主语从句
概念：把一个句子的主语由一个单词或词组变成一个句子，这个句子就称为主语从句。主语从句一般放在主句谓语动词之前。
例句：
(1) This is a good meal. What you need is a good meal.
(2) It doesn’t matter. When we should leave doesn’t matter.
(3) This person will be punished. Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
(4) That means a lot to me. What you did means a lot to me.
(5) It is a pity. That he doesn’t come is a pity.
It is a pity that he doesn’t come.
名词性从句
第一节 主语从句
主语从句连接词包括：
注：连接代词在从句中作主要成分，连接副词在从句中只能作状语。两个连词that和whether在从句中只能相当于一个符号，不能作成分。
连接词18个 纯连词2个 that, whether 只起引导作用(注: if不能引导主语从句)
连接代词10个 who, whom, whose, what, which
whoever, whomever, whosever, whatever, whichever
连接副词6个 when, where, whenever, wherever, how, why
名词性从句
第一节 主语从句
主语从句连接词例句：
注: 1. whose, whosever和which, whichever作连接代词时，不可单独使用，后面必须跟一个名词，如例句4中whose后面跟house，例句5中which后面跟train。
2. 其他的连接代词都只能单独使用，后面不能接名词。
连接代词what 1. What you need is more practice.
连接代词who 2. Who will be sent there has not been decided.
连接代词whom 3. Whom you will look after is not known.
连接代词whose 4. Whose house it is still remains a mystery.
连接代词whose 5. Which train will leave first is a problem.
名词性从句
第一节 主语从句
主语从句连接词例句：
连接代词whatever 6. Whatever she did was right.
连接代词whoever 7. Whoever comes will be enjoyed.
连接代词whomever 8. Whomever you look for is not allowed.
连接代词whosever 9. Whosever book is overdue will be fined.
连接代词whosever 10. Whichever car comes will be welcomed.
名词性从句
第一节 主语从句
主语从句连接词例句：
连接副词when 11. When they will start has not been decided yet.
连接副词where 12. Where the meeting will be held has not yet been announced.
连接副词whenever 13. Whenever you leave is all right.
连接副词wherever 14. Wherever we will spend our holiday is not clear.
连接副词how 15. How this happened is not clear.
连接副词why 16. Why he did that wasn’t quite clear.
名词性从句
第一节 主语从句
主语从句连接词例句：
注:
1. 例句17可引入形式主语it, 改为 It is quite obvious that we need more equipment.
2. 例句18whether不可换成if，因为if不能引导主语从句。
连词that 17. That we need more equipment is quite obvious.
连词whether 18. Whether she will join us won’t make too much difference.
主语从句练习
1. ______ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
A. Why B. When C.That D. What
2. Exactly ______ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.
A. whether B. why C. when D. how
3. ______ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
A. That B. What C. Who D. Which
4. ______ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.
A. Whoever B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Wherever
主语从句练习
5. It doesn’t matter ______ you turn right or left at the crossing-- both roads lead to the park.
A. whether B. how C. if D. when
6. ______ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.
A. When B. How C. What D. That
7. ______ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.
A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What
8. It remains to be seen ______ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.
A. that B. which C. what D. whether
主语从句练习
9. ______ struck me most in the movies was the father’s deep love for his son.
A. That B. It C.What D. Which
10. As far as I am concerned, ______ online chatting is good or bad depends on the person who uses it.
A. that B. which C. whether D. what
11. ______ left the door unlocked must be responsible for the accident.
12. ______ her son has passed the driving test makes her very happy.
13. ______ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.
Whoever
That
Whichever
主语从句练习
14. ______ is obviously right is to give all childern equal opportunities to develop their special gift.
15. It is very important ______ an interpreter should think on his feet.
16. It is likely ______ FAST will help make many new Nobel-level discoveries.
17. ______ China got the second place in 2004 Olympic Games made the whole nation very excited.
18. Generally speaking, ______ we have seen seems more believable than what we have been told.
19. ______ makes the school famous is that more than 90% of the students have been admitted to universities.
20. ______ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.
What
that
that
That
what
What
That
名词性从句
第二节 宾语从句
概念：把一个句子的宾语由一个单词或词组变成一个句子，这个句子就称为宾语从句。宾语从句一般放在主句的及物动词、介词或少量形容词之后。
例句：
(1) Nobody knows that. Nobody knows what will happen next.
(2) Did you see it Did you see what happened
(3) I asked him a question. I asked him what he was looking for.
(4) We believe him. We believe that he is honest.
(5) I told you his plan. I told you that he would come.
名词性从句
第二节 宾语从句
宾语从句连接词包括：
注：连接代词在从句中作主要成分，连接副词在从句中只能作状语。三个连词that, if和whether在从句中只能相当于一个符号，不能作成分。that引导宾语从句时，往往可以省略。
连接词19个 连词3个 that, whether, if (注: if只能引导宾语从句)
连接代词10个 who, whom, whose, what, which
whoever, whomever, whosever, whatever, whichever
连接副词6个 when, where, whenever, wherever, how, why
宾语从句练习
1. It is difficult for us to imagine ______ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
A. where B. what C. which D. why
2. Pick yourself up. Courage is doing ______ you’re afraid to do.
A. that B. what C. how D. whether
3. It’s good to know ______ the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away.
A. what B. whose C. which D. that
4. Experts believe ______ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.
A. why B. where C. that D. what
宾语从句练习
5. Scientists study ______ human brains work to make computers.
A. when B. how C. that D. whether
6. The villagers have already known ______ we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.
A. this B. that C. what D. which
7. Some people believe ______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.
A. whatever B. whenever C. wherever D. however
8. I can’t even begin to tell you ______ amazing this is!
A. that B. what C. how D. whether
宾语从句练习
9. Our desire to seek risks can be connected to ______ much we expect to benefit from the result.
A. where B. what C. which D. how
10. We must find out ______ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.
A. how B. when C. where D. why
11. Every week, I make short notes of ______ I can think from the week’s events.
12. I don’t care about ______ you have money or not.
13. I’m looking for ______ is in charge of your company.
14. I couldn’t understand ______ I was refused.
what
whether
who
why
宾语从句练习
15. We can’t choose ______ happens to us, but at least, we can choose how to face it.
16. I want to know ______ book it is, but no one seems to know.
17. Practice every second, for you never know ______ your chance will come.
18. College students are seen doing _________ work they can find.
19. Is there anyone who knows ______ happened just now
20. I am not sure ___________ the lost dogs will be found at last.
what
what
whose
whatever
when
whether
名词性从句
第三节 表语从句
概念：把一个句子的表语由一个单词或词组变成一个句子，这个句子就称为表语从句。表语从句放在主句的系动词之后。
例句：
(1) That’s the boy. That’s whom you are looking for.
(2) This is the thing. This is what my mother used to tell me.
(3) Energy is a challenge. Energy is what makes things work.
(4) You look great. You look as if you are going to marry.
名词性从句
第三节 表语从句
表语从句连接词包括：
注：表语从句还要一个比较特别的连接词，即because，一般用于That’s because...这种句型。
连接词19个 连词3个 that, whether, as if (注: if自己只能引导宾语从句)
连接代词10个 who, whom, whose, what, which
whoever, whomever, whosever, whatever, whichever
连接副词6个 when, where, whenever, wherever, how, why
表语从句练习
1. Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That’s ______ I was born.”
A. when B. how C. why D. where
2. The best moment for the football star was ______ he scored the winning goal.
A. where B. when C. how D.why
3.--What a mess! You are always so lazy!
--I’m not to blame, mum. I am ______ you have made me.
A. how B. what C. that D. who
4. As John Lennon once said, life is ______ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.
A. which B. that C. what D. where
表语从句练习
5. From space, the earth looks blue. This is ______ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
A. why B. how C. because D. whether
6. ______ he couldn’t understand was ______ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that
7. The thick smoke covered the whole city. It was ______ a great black blanket had been thrown over it.
A. that B. because C. as if D. even if
表语从句练习
8. Actually, girls can be ______ they want to be just like boys, whether it is a pilot, an astronaut, or a general manager.
A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whoever
9. Perhaps ______ most separates the successful people from others is ______ they live on purpose.
A. what; that B. that; what C. that; that D. what; what
10. Determination is a kind of quality and that is ______ it takes to do anything well.
A. that B. which C. why D. what
表语从句练习
11. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ______ I disagree.
12. See the flags on top of the building That was ______ we did this morning.
13. What the doctor is uncertain about is ______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
14. Energy is ______ makes things work.
15. That boy is exactly ______ we are looking for.
what
whether
what
whom
what
名词性从句
第四节 同位语从句
概念：把一个句子的同位语由一个单词或词组变成一个句子，这个句子就称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般放在名词后面。
解释：
(1)同位语从句说明起前面的名词的具体内容，是对前面名词的解释。例如：
I heard the news that our team had won.
(2)同位语从句通常由that引导，但也可以由其他连接词引导。
(3)后面可接同位语从句的名词有：advice, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, problem, promise, question, suggestion, wish, word等。
名词性从句
第四节 同位语从句
同位语从句例句：
1. I heard the news that our team had won.
2. I come here with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.
3. The story goes that he beats his wife.
4. The rumour spread that a new school would be built here.
5. The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.
名词性从句
第四节 同位语从句
同位语从句例句：
6. I have no idea when he will come back home.
7. The question who will take his place is still not clear.
8. I have no idea what size shoes she wears.
9. We haven’t settled the question where we are going to live.
10. He must answer the question whether he agrees with it or not.
名词性从句
第四节 同位语从句
that引导的定语从句和同位语从句区别
引导定语从句：that在从句中要做成分，包括主语、宾语、表语等，不包括状语(定语从句 ≠ 名词)；
引导同位语从句：that起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当从句的句子成分(同位语从句 = 名词)。
I had no idea that you were here.
(从句you were here是完整的主系表结构，that不充当句子成分，引导同位语从句，不能省略)
Have you got the idea that this book gives you
(give sb. sth.构成双宾语结构，从句this book gives you少直接宾语，所以引导词that在从句中充当直接宾语；即that引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，可以省略)
名词性从句
第四节 同位语从句
同位语从句与定语从句的区别对比1
I received the news that we won the game.
The news that we received was from Judie.
名词性从句
第四节 同位语从句
同位语从句与定语从句的区别对比2
The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.
The news that Tom will go abroad is told by him.
名词性从句
第四节 同位语从句
同位语从句与定语从句的区别对比3
Here is the professor’s suggestion that she should have a positive attitude.
Here is the professor’s suggestion that Tom did not follow.
名词性从句
第四节 同位语从句
同位语从句与定语从句的区别对比4
His advice sthat she should work hard was nonsense.
His advice that she refused was nonsense.
名词性从句
第四节 同位语从句
同位语从句与定语从句的区别对比4
We hold the belief that all men are born equal.
We hold the belief that they all refuse to hold.
同位语从句练习
1. Scientists have come to the conclusion ______ the temperature on Earth is getting higher and higher.
A. what B. that C. which D. when
2. There’s a tradition in our family ______ a cake will be bought for us all to share when it’s somebody’s birthday.
A. that B. which C. what D. how
3. Along with the letter was his promise ______ he would visit me on this coming Christmas.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
同位语从句练习
4. I heard the news on the radio last night ______ there was a terrible storm on the way.
A. that B. which C. how D. where
5. The suggestion was raised _____ we ______ early the next morning.
A. which... had to leave B. that... left
C. that... should leave D. when... leave
6. We were wild with joy when word came ______ our school team had won first place in the debate contest.
A. whether B. how C. that D. why
同位语从句练习
7. Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
8. There’s a feeling in me ______ we’ll never know what a UFO is-- not ever.
A. that B. which C. of which D. what
9. There is a possibility ______ I might go to Australia to study for 4 years.
A. what B. that C. whether D. when
10. Lucian expressed the hope ______ possible, he would come and teach at our school again.
A. that B. if C. when D. that if
同位语从句练习
11. The opinion _____ learning is a lifelong process has been expressed by education experts throughout the years.
A. which B. that C. what D. how
12. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ______ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.
A. how B. that C. which D. whether
13. A new rule ______ office love is forbidden at work has been set up in the company.
A. which B. when C. what D. that
同位语从句练习
14. --Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday
--Yeah, but I have no idea ______ he did it; that’s one of his favourite universities.
A. when B. why C. that D. how
15. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ______ a care for AIDS will be found.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
Thank you!

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