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新牛津译林版高中英语选择性必修二Unit 2 Sports Culture
Extended Reading
Lead in
Lead in
Lead in
Lead in
Lead in
Discuss the topic of idioms by filling in the following table.
Idiom Meaning
We were not expecting to see Joan. When she arrived out of the blue, we were all surprised.
He is very experienced in this kind of problem. Helping you solve the problem will be a piece of cake to him.
My sister and I agree about everything from fashion to politics. We see eye to eye on almost anything.
Suddenly,
unexpectedly
An easy job
To have the same
opinion as someone else
Reading
Introduction
Conclusion
Basketball:______________________
Football:______________________
Boxing:______________________
Reading
Read the article and fill in the following chart.
Main body
________________________________
Sport is challenging and so is life.
Every language has its idioms, which are groups of words with meanings different from the meanings of the individual words. Idioms make language more colourful and expressive. Since sport is an inseparable part of day-to-day life, there are lots of sports idioms that have found their way into everyday language. Let’s take a look at some of them!
Introduction
Football
Football (or soccer, as it is called in the USA) is
one of the most popular sports in the world and
many countries have their own football leagues.
The English language is full of idioms which are
thought to have come from football.
As you know, in a football match, players try to
kick or head the ball into the opposing team’s
goal, which is the net between two big goalposts fixed to the ground. Can you imagine that every time you have a chance to score, the goalposts are moved That would be not only difficult, but also upsetting. If someone “moves the goalposts” in everyday life, it means they unfairly change the rules or requirements for something. An insurance salesman who is about to reach his annual sales target, only for the company to make the target higher, could rightly complain about the
company moving the goalposts.
Thankfully, goalposts do not really move—but when a player scores an own goal, he or she might wish they did. “Scoring an own goal” in football means accidentally kicking or heading the ball into one’s own net, and it is one of the worst things that can happen to a football player. If someone makes a bad mistake which unintentionally harms their own interests, they are said to have scored an own goal. You might see this expression in the newspapers when the local council makes a decision which backfires terribly!
Baseball
Baseball is an old and popular sport that has given
the English language many different idioms. You
might have heard expressions like “in the ballpark”
or “a ballpark estimate”. The venue where a baseball
game is played is called a ballpark. So, even if we
do not know exactly where the ball is during the
game, we can assume that it is somewhere in the
ballpark. For this reason, people use the expression
“in the ballpark” or “a ballpark estimate” to talk about rough estimates.
Another common baseball expression is “throwing someone a curveball”. Curveballs are balls that suddenly turn in the air, and these are of course difficult for the other team to handle. We use this expression to describe things that are unexpected and difficult to respond to. “Three strikes and you are out” is another idiom that comes from baseball. As it suggests, in baseball this means that a batter (the person with the baseball bat in his or her hands) is out after making three unsuccessful attempts to hit the ball. This idiom is often used to talk about situations where people fail after wasting three chances.
Boxing
English also has a large number of idioms connected with
boxing, which has been a popular sport for thousands of years.
A boxer is not allowed to use his or her fists to hit the opponent
below the waist. Hence comes the idiom “below the belt”.
In day-to-day life, if someone makes an unfair and cruel remark,
we can describe it as “below the belt”.
“Throwing in the towel” is another common idiom that comes from boxing. When a boxer is losing badly and is too tired or confused to give up on his or her own, the coach will literally throw a towel into the ring to end the fight. In everyday life, this idiom simply means admitting defeat and giving up.
Sport is challenging and so is life. However, when you are thrown a curveball, do not throw in the towel—work hard, be careful not to score an own goal, and you are sure to make it!
Conclusion
Introduction
Conclusion
Basketball:______________________
Football:______________________
Boxing:______________________
Reading
Read the article and fill in the following chart.
Main body
Sport is challenging and so is life.
There are lots of sports idioms that have found their way into everyday language.
move the goalposts; scoring an own goal
in the ballpark; a ballpark estimate; throw someone a curveball; three strikes
and you are out
below the belt; throw in the towel
Reading
Read the paragraphs about football idioms and fill in the following table.
Idiom move the goalposts score an own goal
Chinese translation
Meaning in football
Meaning in everyday life
Example
改变规则
进乌龙球
changing the location of the
goalposts
accidentally kicking or heading
the ball into one’s own net
unfairly changing the rules or
requirements for something
making a bad mistake which
unintentionally harms one’s own interests
A company makes the annual
sales target of an employee
higher just when he is about to
reach it.
The local council makes a
decision which backfires terribly.
Reading
Read the paragraphs about baseball idioms and fill in the following table.
Idiom in the ballpark/a ballpark estimate throw someone a curveball three strikes and you are out
Chinese translation
Meaning in football
Meaning in everyday life
大致估计
给某人出难题
三振出局
The ball is somewhere
in the ballpark during a
baseball game.
Throwing a ball that
suddenly turns in the air
A batter is out after
making three unsuccessful
attempts to hit the ball.
rough estimates
presenting someone
things that are unexpected
and difficult to respond to
failing after wasting
three chances
Reading
Read the paragraphs about boxing idioms and fill in the following table.
Idiom below the belt throw in the towel
Chinese translation
Meaning in football
Meaning in everyday life
Example
不公正的、伤人的
放弃
hitting the opponent below the
waist
throwing a towel into the ring to end the fight
a behaviour that is unfair and
harmful
admitting defeat and giving up
Someone makes an unfair and
cruel remark.
Not mentioned.
Find the idioms in the magazine article, explain them in your own words and make sentences using these idioms.
“Moving the goalposts” means that the rules or expectations that you had in a situation have been changed unfairly or without your knowledge.
e.g. She completed her master’s degree and hoped to get the position in her company, but the company moved the goalposts; now she’ll need to get a PhD.
Writing
A
Find the idioms in the magazine article, explain them in your own words and make sentences using these idioms.
“Scoring an own goal” refers to doing something that achieves the opposite of what you wanted and that brings you a disadvantage.
e.g. He scored an own goal when he complained about his co-worker because everyone knew that he was lying.
Writing
A
Find the idioms in the magazine article, explain them in your own words and make sentences using these idioms.
“In the ballpark” or “a ballpark estimate” means an estimate that is close but not exact.
e.g. The insurance salesman wasn’t sure what the final claim payout would be, so he gave the clients a ballpark estimate.
Writing
A
Find the idioms in the magazine article, explain them in your own words and make sentences using these idioms.
“Throwing someone a curveball” refers to presenting someone with a difficult problem or situation that is not expected, so it can be surprising, often in a negative way.
e.g. The professor threw his students a curveball when he asked them to work out possible solutions to the problem of drinking water in this region.
Writing
A
Find the idioms in the magazine article, explain them in your own words and make sentences using these idioms.
“Three strikes and you are out” is used to describe a situation where after three failed attempts at something, a person loses any further opportunities to try again.
e.g. When Sam was late for work again, the manager said, “You’ve been late twice this week. This is my final warning—three strikes and you’re out!”
Writing
A
Find the idioms in the magazine article, explain them in your own words and make sentences using these idioms.
“Below the belt” means something that is cruel or unfair.
e.g. In an argument, many things that are said in anger are below the belt.
Writing
A
Find the idioms in the magazine article, explain them in your own words and make sentences using these idioms.
“Throwing in the towel” refers to admitting defeat and no longer wanting to continue doing something.
e.g. There is no need to feel ashamed to throw in the towel because it may save you
from wasting your time, which can be used to do something else.
Writing
A
Chinese sports idioms
It means ____________ with unfailing accuracy. It is used to describe excellent ___________. It is also used when someone is quite ________ of something.
Chinese sports idioms
shooting
shooting skills
certain
It means getting up ______ in the morning upon ________ the crow of a rooster and practicing with the ________. It is used to describe someone who is very ____________.
Chinese sports idioms
early
hearing
sword
hard-working
It means that the ______ is fitted to the string. It is now used to describe a ________ moment.
Chinese sports idioms
arrow
critical
It refers to a strategy based on game theory to win a _____________. It reveals how one can win by using their own _____________ against others’ _____________.
Chinese sports idioms
horse racing
strengths
shortcomings
It refers to the ability to use 18 kinds of __________ skillfully. It is now used to describe one’s __________.
Chinese sports idioms
weapons
versatility
Read the article again and discuss the writing techniques and language
features of the article, as well as the author’s writing purpose by answering the following questions.
(1) How does the author explain each idiom Do you find it easy to understand the meaning and usage of each idiom
(2) What do you think of the last paragraph of the article
(3) What is the author’s purpose of introducing these sports idioms
Think about it
Do you know any Chinese sports idioms Make a list of them and explain how they are different from or similar to English sports idioms.
B
Think about it
百发百中 : It means shooting with unfailing accuracy. This idiom is used to describe excellent shooting skills. It is also used when someone is quite certain of something.
闻鸡起舞 : It means getting up early in the morning upon hearing the crow of a rooster and practising with the sword. This idiom is used to describe someone who is very hard-working.
Do you know any Chinese sports idioms Make a list of them and explain how they are different from or similar to English sports idioms.
B
Think about it
箭在弦上 : It means that the arrow is fitted to the string. This idiom is now used to describe a critical moment.
田忌赛马 : It refers to a strategy based on game theory to win a horse racing. This idiom reveals how one can win by using their own strengths against others’ shortcomings.
十八般武艺 : It refers to the ability to use 18 kinds of weapons skillfully. This idiom is now used to describe one’s versatility.
Find and underline the expressions.
1. 不可分割的一部分
2. 融入，进入，到达
3. 被认为/据说...
4. 固定在地面
5. 有机会做某事
6. 改变规则或要求
7. 达到某人的目标
8. 抱怨
1. be an inseparable part of
2. find one’s way into
3. be thought/said to do/have done
4. fix sth. to the ground
5. have a chance to do sth.
6. change the rules or requirements
7. reach one’s target
8. complain about
Language Points
Find and underline the expressions.
9. 犯严重错误
10. 无意中损害自身利益
11. 做出决定
12. 大致估计
13. 难以应付
14. 试图做某事
15. 不允许做某事
16. 发表评论
9. make a bad mistake
10. unintentionally harms one’s own interests
11. make a decision
12. rough estimates
13. difficult to respond to
14. make an attempt to do sth.
15. be not allowed to do sth.
16. make remarks
Think about it
(1)oppose v. 反对；对抗
oppose (sb/sb's) (doing) sth. 反对(某人)(做)某事
(2)opposed adj. 反对的；截然不同的 （常做表语）
be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事
as opposed to 而非（= rather than=instead of）
(3)opposing adj. 对抗的；相反的（只用于名词前）
(4)opposite prep/adv. 在…的对面 opposition n.对立
(5)opponent n. 对手，竞争者；反对者
As you know, in a football match, players try to kick or head the ball into the opposing team’s goal. (L12)
adj. 对抗的
1. The witness opposed _________(turn) up at the court，
which made him worried.
2. I hold the opposing view that the war is immoral.
我持完全相反的观点，认为战争是不道德的。
3. Her parents are opposed to the marriage.
她父母反对这桩婚事。
4. I’d prefer to go in May，as opposed to September.
我更愿意5 月份去，而不是9 月份。
turning
(1) complain (to sb. ) about sth. (向某人)抱怨某事
(2) complaint n. 抱怨；投诉
An insurance salesman ... could rightly complain about the company moving the goalposts. (L19)
vi.& vt.抱怨，投诉
Letters of _________ continue to pour in.
As you know, it’s no use ___________(complain) without commitment.
complaint
complaining
As you know, in a football match, players try to kick or head the ball into the opposing team’s goal. (lines12-14)
As it suggests, in baseball this means that a batter is out after making three unsuccessful attempts to hit the ball. (lines42-43)
as 引导的从句类型: __________________
非限制性定语从句
as 引导非限制性定语从句可以放在主句前,也可以放在主句后，用于代替前面整个句子的意思，有 “这是”、“正如...”的意思。
Have a try:
1. ___________________(情况总是如此), solving one problem can cause or uncover another.
2. _____________________________(我们可以从图表中看到)，the sales have been in a sharp decline.
3. _____________________________(正如上面所提到的), science is a double-edged sword.
As is often the case
As we can see from the chart
As has been mentioned above
This idiom is often used to talk about situations where people fail after wasting three chances. (L45)
这个习语经常用来形容人们在浪费了三次机会之后失败的情形。
当先行词是situation，stage，case，point，position，circumstance， condition，state 等表示抽象地点的名词时，若关系词在定语从句中作状语，则定语从句常用 where 或“介词+ which”来引导。
You cannot put your pets in a circumstance _______ they might be killed.
Now comes an important point __________ I'll use throughout this lecture.
先行词是抽象地点名词时，若关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，不能用where，而要用关系代词。
where
that/which
Hence comes the idiom “below the belt”. (lines 51-52)
这是一个倒装句。出于习惯用法：here, there, now, thus, hence, then放在句首，句子全部倒装。
Eg.
There goes the bell. 　　
Here is a ticket for you .　　
There exists an effective way to handle the existing problem.
here，there用于倒装结构时主语一般为名词，如果是人称代词则不需要倒装。eg. Here you are. 　　
In day-to-day life, if someone makes an unfair and cruel remark, we can describe it as “below the belt”. (L53)
cruel adj. 刻毒伤人的；残酷的
cruelty n. 残忍，残酷
（1）吉姆存心不理会她，真是无情。
It was cruel of Jim to ignore her.
（2）命运对他开了一个残酷的玩笑。
Fate played a cruel trick on him.
（3）他故意说的残酷无情的话对她像刀割一样。
The deliberate cruelty of his words cut her like a knife.
remark n. & v. 评论
remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的
remarkably adv. 不寻常地；惊人地
(1) 对他人的相貌评头论足是不礼貌的。
It's rude to remark on the appearance of others.
(2) 这本书内容相当准确。
The book is remarkably accurate.
表示前者的陈述也适用于后者，用so, neither, nor分别表示肯定和否定意义时，句子部分倒装。
Sport is challenging and so is the study of the English language.(L59)
Aunt really enjoyed France and so ___ I.
Jenny has finished her homework. So _____ her brothers.
If Joe doesn’t go to the party, ___________ do I.
have
neither/nor
did
Since sport is an ___________(separate) part of life, there are lots of sports idioms that have found their way into everyday language.
The English language is full of idioms which are thought ____________ (come) from football.
An insurance salesman ... could rightly complain about the company ________(move) the goalposts .
“Scoring an own goal” in football means __________ (accident) kicking or heading the ball into one's own net.
If sb makes a bad mistake which _____________ (intend) harms their own interests, they are said to have scored an own goal.
Even if we don’t know exactly _______the ball is during the game, we can assume it is somewhere in the ballpark.
inseparable
moving
accidentally
where
to have come
unintentionally
7. Curveballs are balls that suddenly turn in the air, and these are of
course difficult for the other team _________(handle).
8. _____ it suggests, in baseball this means a batter is out after
making three unsuccessful ________ (attempt) to hit the ball.
9. This idiom is often used in to talk about situations _______ people
fail after wasting three chances.
10. English also has a large number of idioms ___________(connect)
with boxing, which has been a popular sport for thousands of years.
11. In everyday life, this idiom simply means __________(admit)
defeat and giving up.
where
connected
admitting
As
attempts
to handle

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