资源简介

广州市第四十一中学2022学年
高三级第一学期10月月考英语问卷
满分120分 考试时间120分钟
Ⅰ．阅读理解(50分)
第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(共15小题，每题2.5分，共37.5分)
A
Paris is the most wooded (树木茂森的) city in Europe, and around one quarter of its area is taken up by parks, gardens and other green spaces.
Jardin des Plantes: over 28 hectares
This impressive botanical garden is home to four museums, including the Natural History Museum, which houses a variety of African animals. The gardens themselves boast thousands of species of plants. This is a lovely place to relax and explore the beautiful surroundings.
Parc des Buttes-Chaumont: over 24 hectares
If you want to get off the tourist trail and hang out with true Parisians, this park is the perfect spot for a relaxing picnic or a leisurely wander. It is in the 19th district and is one of the largest parks in Paris. Cross its lake on the suspension bridge, or admire the waterfalls and attractive temples.
Jardin du Luxembourg: over 25 hectares
These beautiful gardens were first laid out in 1612 as the gardens of the Luxembourg Palace. They include a geometric (结合图形的) forest, French and English style gardens, as well as a large pond. There is so much to see and do with activities especially for children, such as slides, rides and puppet shows, as well as leisure and sporting activities for adults. The gardens are home to more than one hundred sculptures.
Le Parc de la Villette: 55 hectares
This urban cultural park is so much more than just a park as it is home to numerous music venues, exhibition spaces and cafes. It is also home to no less than 12 gardens, which all follow different themes. The Passenger Gardens, for example, which are built on what was once the sheep market, support a variety of ecosystems, demonstrating the importance of biodiversity.
1. Which green space probably suits students who are interested in botany
A. Jardin des Plantes. B. Parc des Buttes-Chaumont.
C. Jardin du Luxembourg. D. Le Parc de la Villette.
2. Which is special about Jardin du Luxembourg
A. They feature American style gardens. B. They are favorite gardens for the French.
C. They house a variety of African animals. D. They used to be royal gardens.
3. What can visitors do in Le Parc de la Villette
A. Visiting museums. B. Attending concerts.
C. Admiring waterfalls. D. Watching puppet shows.
B
I became aware of my stutter (结巴) when I was around 9, in the fourth grade. I began to see how other people viewed me. When the teacher asked the whole class questions, I never raised my hand though I knew the answer, because I knew I would stutter. Some kids would tell me that I talked funny, ask why I didn't talk normally, or laugh at me. As soon as that started to happen, I became more introverted (内向的).
It wasn't until the summer of 2015, before freshman year at high school. All my friends and my parents encouraged me to join the high school football team. I owed much to them, especially Coach Lane who taught me how to play football. He took the time-and had the patience-to actually teach me what to do, how to do it and how to understand the concepts of play.
In junior year, I started my first game for the high school team. I had a very good season and in January 2018, I signed the University of North Carolina. The older we get, the more of an understanding we have about the world and other people. So the first time my teammates in college heard me talk and heard that I stuttered, they did not say a thing. That was a big deal to me because I was so used to people making comments. My teammates actually tell me to slow down because talking faster causes me to stutter more. It's really helped me develop confidence.
Whenever I go back home to Georgia, I volunteer with children at my church, including those who have learning disabilities. I like to do that to inspire them with confidence. I had confidence issues when I was a kid because of my stutter, so I just don't want them to have to go through what I did. In the future, I would like to start a foundation to give back to people who stutter and create a program where kids all across the world who have a stutter can have a safe space.
4. Why did NOT the author raise his hand in class
A. He didn't know the answer. B. He was too shy to speak in public.
C. He was upset about kids' comments. D. He showed no interest in the question.
5 What was one cause of the author's decision to play football
A. Guidance from coaches. B. Great interest in football.
C. Expectations from parents. D. Encouragement from friends.
6. Which of the following best describes the author
A. Grateful and caring. B. Helpful and talkative. C. Athletic and generous. D. Confident and patient.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. An Unconfident Child B. An Introverted Volunteer
C. An Admirable Coach D. An Inspiring Footballer
C
A paper published on November 15 in Current Biology suggests that a patch (小块) of cells developed for identifying human faces, the fusiform face area (FFA), is up and running in infants (婴儿) as young as two months old.
Rebecca Saxe a professor of brain and cognitive sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and her colleagues scanned 42 infants ranging in age from two to nine months using a special functional magnetic resonance (磁共振) imaging (fMRI) helmet designed specifically for babies. Data from 16 of the infants had to be thrown out because it is extremely difficult to keep them happy, still and awake for long. For the 26 remaining infants, the scientists compared activity in visual areas of the brain while they watched 2.7-second video clips that described faces, body parts, landscapes, and other objects. Results showed more activity in the areas of the brain's visual system that are specialized for recognizing faces, bodies and scenes than areas for other observed objects.
"There's every reason to think that babies are born expecting and looking for their most important social partners, Saxe says." Something in their brain makes them interested in faces actually before they've had any experience with faces at all. Babies look toward face-like images from hours after birth."
Other researchers are not convinced by Saxe's conclusions. "I don't believe that there are face patches present at birth," Livingstone says. He views experience and learning are essential for the development of the FFA.
To Kalanit Grill-Spector, a psychology professor at Stanford University, the most exciting part of the new paper is not about this question of learned versus inborn development. "I think the study is kind of attempting to address this question, but it doesn't really provide a perfect answer one way or another. What impressed me is the amount of babies that they've scanned and with a lot of new innovations in baby fMRI," she says. "That's going to push the field forward."
8. Why were the data from the 16 infants abandoned
A. Because the infants didn't watch the video clips.
B. Because the infants made no response to the objects.
C. Because the infants couldn't focus on objects for some time.
D. Because the infants were unwilling to wear helmets for long.
9. How did the researchers get the results
A. By listing figures. B. By asking questions. C. By analyzing reasons. D. By making comparisons.
10. Which statement would Rebecca Saxe probably agree with
A. Infants can process facial patterns and give them meaning.
B. Specialized areas for recognizing faces are present at birth.
C Some abilities of the visual system are gradually developed.
D. Experience and learning are essential for the development of the FFA.
11. Which word best describes Grill-Spector's attitude to the way of the research
A. Objective. B. Skeptical. C. Favorable. D. Disapproving.
D
The Amazon rainforest, is as undisturbed a place as most people can imagine, but even there, the effects of a changing climate are playing out. Now, research suggests that many of the region's most sensitive bird species are starting to evolve in response to warming.
Birds are often considered sentinel（哨兵）species-meaning that they indicate the overall health of an ecosystem-so scientists are particularly interested in how they're responding to climate change. In general, the news has not been good. For instance, a 2019 report by the National Audubon Society found that more than two-thirds of North America's bird species will be in danger of extinction by 2100 if warming trends continue on their current course.
For the new study, researchers collected the biggest dataset so far on the Amazon's resident birds, representing 77 non-migratory species and lasting the 40 years from 1979 to 2019. During the study period, the average temperature in the region rose, while the amount of rainfall declined, making for a hotter, dryer climate overall. According to the report on November 12 in the journal Science Advances, 36 species have lost substantial weight, as much as 2 percent of their body weight per decade since 1980. Meanwhile, all the species showed some decrease in average body mass, while a third grew longer wings.
Because of the study's long time series and large sample sizes, the authors were able to show the morphological（形态学的）effects of climate change on resident birds. However, the researchers themselves are unsure and wonder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppose smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cool. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate of surface area to body size, so they dissipate more heat faster than a bigger animal. Less available food, such as fruit or insects, in dryer weather might lead to smaller body size.
12. Why are scientists fond of doing research on birds
A. They have small body sizes. B. They are sensitive to hot weather.
C. They live in an undisturbed rainforest. D. They are ecological balance indicators.
13. What can we learn from the new study
A. A third of species have been extinct for a decade.
B. 36 species lost 2%of their body weight every year.
C. Two-thirds of species showed a considerable decrease in weight.
D. About 26 species responded to climate change with longer wings.
14. What does the underlined word "dissipate" in the last paragraph mean
A. Put off. B. Give off. C. Put away. D. Give away.
15. What would probably the researchers further study
A. Why it is easier for smaller animals to keep cool.
B. What effects the wing length changes have on birds.
C. Why the Amazonian birds have lost substantial weight.
D. Whether bird species in North America will be extinct in 2100.
第二节 七选五(共5小题，每题2.5分，共12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余的选项。
Having a college roommate is most people’s first experience living with someone who is not related to them. It comes with both benefits and challenges. ____16____ You get an instant friend, someone to confide in and keep you company during your first time away from home. However, since many colleges randomly assign your first roommate, you also run the risk of being matched with someone you find challenging. Either way, here’s some good advice:
Establish some rules
____17____ In this way, you and your roommate are clear on what to do to avoid conflict. Establish what space is whose, when you need quiet time to study, which items you can share, what time you go to bed, if you like to sleep in on weekends and who’s allowed to eat what in the refrigerator.
Practice direct communication
Practicing direct communication will help you in good times and bad. Dorm rooms are close quarters, so even if you get along with your roommate, there is bound to be a disagree mentor two. ____18____ You can’t expect your roommate to be a mind reader, so if you get upset or frustrated, communicate it to your roommate right away. ____19____ You’ll find such way gets better reception and ultimately a better response than if you just attack or criticize.
Compromise sometimes
When it comes to doing chores around the room, listening to certain kinds of music, watching different TV shows and requesting privacy, compromise is key. If you give a little your roommate will give a lite Compromising does not refer to giving in to all of someone’s requests. ____20____ So, utilize positive communication, and talk through the things you and your roommate differ on until you can reach a compromise.
A. Make your preferences known from the start.
B. Instead, it means coming to a mutual agreement.
C. Handle such conflicts with open communication.
D. It refers to persuading others to accept your opinion.
E. Use a respectful tone and choose your words carefully.
F. In this situation, listening to your roommates is very important.
G. Getting along with your roommate can enhance your college experience.
Ⅱ．语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题，每题1分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从短文后所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A video about a homeless man went viral. Johal, a video-maker known for his social ____21____, decided to give a homeless man some money and ____22____ his reaction.
In the video, approaching a ____23____ homeless man, Johal carefully places some money on his bag. Minutes later, when the man wakes up, he’s surprised to see the cash and looks excited and grateful. The man walks to a store, steps out with a bag of ____24____, probably to face the cold nights, and returns to his bench.
Johal sits beside the man, talking on the phone with a friend, asking if he can borrow some money for his daughter. The homeless man ____25____ listens to Johal. After he hangs up, the man asks if he’s okay. Johal explains he’s getting his daughter some ____26____ while having a hard time financially.
In a(n) ____27____ turn of events, the man asks Johal to ____28____ his bag and leaves with the shopping bag. He returns ____29____ after returning the items and offers the money to Johal, who is a total ____30____, comforting he can go by without a blanket but the girl needs the treatment. Touched with the homeless man’s kindness, Johal ____31____ the experiment, offering $500 to the man, who instantly starts crying in ____32____.
____33____ but true, the result proves sometimes, those with less are the ones ____34____ most. Not all heroes wear capes. In fact, heroes are the ones with a ____35____.
21. A. service B. skill C. activities D. experiments
22. A. filmed B. predicted C. developed D. commented
23 A. hungry B. sleeping C. freezing D. depressed
24. A. blankets B. food C. clothes D. candles
25 A. casually B. respectfully C. patiently D. attentively
26. A. gifts B. toys C. medicines D. meals
27. A. lucky B. unexpected C. rough D. awkward
28. A. watch for B. pack up C. tie up D. look for
29. A. hard-headed B. heavy-footed C. empty-handed D. low-spirited
30. A. actor B. parent C. failure D. stranger
31. A. continues B. explains C. conducts D. analyzes
32. A. disbelief B. relief C. sorrow D. anger
33. A. Heartbroken B. Imaginative C. Incredible D. Artificial
34. A. losing B. asking C. owning D. giving
35. A. will B. heart C. thought D. cause
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Poetry, ____36____ universal form of literature, plays an important role in ancient China. Poetry probably had its origins in traditional folk music tens of thousands of years ago. In that era, there were no TVs or films, and ____37____ (write) had not been invented, so people would sit around the fire at night and sing songs ____38____ (entertain) themselves. These songs reflected themes from the people’s daily ____39____ (life), such as hunting animals or sowing crops. Since nothing was set down, over the years different versions of these songs developed, and each area would have its own respective rhythm. In addition to this, people would recite stories of past heroes.
As these stories were often quite long, they often had rhyme and rhythm to help people remember them more ____40____ (easy). While in the beginning such songs and stories had a very simple format, over time they became more complicated and ____41____ (pretty). These were no longer the works of amateurs sitting around a fire, ____42____ works of true poets who cared about their art and who sometimes made a living from it.
Poetry plays with sounds, words, and grammar, ____43____ makes poetry difficult to write but very interesting to read. Poetry uses colors, feelings, experiences, and images to paint a picture in your mind. Today, many Chinese people ____44____ (become) more interested in reading poems, no matter _____45_____ what language they are written. Translation is good, but being able to read in what language is best.
Ⅲ．写作(共二节，满分40分)
第一节：应用文(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，光明中学社团英语俱乐部主席，因为要办英语角，恳请外教Mr. Brown抽空参加每周一次的“Free Talk”活动，吸引帮助英语爱好者。请你写一封信，请求他每周拔冗参加活动。
内容包括：
1.时间和地点；
2.求助外教的原因；
3.为给对方带来的不便提供改善的办法。
注意事项：
1.内容可以适当发挥，字数在100左右；
2.开头已经写好，不计入字数要求。
Dear Mr. Brown,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为80词左右。
Ali and his younger sister, Zahra, lived with their parents in a poor neighborhood. Their mother was very sick and their father was struggling to find a job, and they had only a little money with which to buy food. As they had not paid the rent for several months, the landlord was breathing down their necks (盯着他们).
One day, Ali took Zahra's shoes to a shoe repairman to be fixed, but he lost them on the way home. It wasn’t until he got home that he realized he had lost the shoes. He was afraid that his parents would be angry and disappointed, so he begged his sister to keep it secret. Zahra agreed and the two decided to share Ali’s running shoes. Zahra’s school hours were in the morning, so she would wear them first. After school, she would rush back and give them to Ali. He could then run to his school, which began in the afternoon. Although he ran as fast as he could, Ali often arrived late and was warned by the school.
Ali heard about a long distance race that was held for the boys in the city. When he learned that the third prize was a new pair of shoes, he decided to take part. He ran home excitedly and promised his sister that he would win her the new shoes.
The day of race arrived. Ali had a strong start，but halfway through the race he began to get tired and his legs began to ache. Getting more and more exhausted he thought only of Zahra and his promise to her. Dreaming of the new shoes he would win for his sister gave him strength, and he stayed right behind the two fastest runners, determined to finish third. Suddenly, as the finish line drew near, another runner collided (碰撞) with Ali from behind and he crashed to the ground.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为80左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1:
Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Filled with pleasure, Ali walked home quickly._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________广州市第四十一中学2022学年
高三级第一学期10月月考英语问卷
满分120分 考试时间120分钟
Ⅰ．阅读理解(50分)
第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(共15小题，每题2.5分，共37.5分)
A
Paris is the most wooded (树木茂森的) city in Europe, and around one quarter of its area is taken up by parks, gardens and other green spaces.
Jardin des Plantes: over 28 hectares
This impressive botanical garden is home to four museums, including the Natural History Museum, which houses a variety of African animals. The gardens themselves boast thousands of species of plants. This is a lovely place to relax and explore the beautiful surroundings.
Parc des Buttes-Chaumont: over 24 hectares
If you want to get off the tourist trail and hang out with true Parisians, this park is the perfect spot for a relaxing picnic or a leisurely wander. It is in the 19th district and is one of the largest parks in Paris. Cross its lake on the suspension bridge, or admire the waterfalls and attractive temples.
Jardin du Luxembourg: over 25 hectares
These beautiful gardens were first laid out in 1612 as the gardens of the Luxembourg Palace. They include a geometric (结合图形的) forest, French and English style gardens, as well as a large pond. There is so much to see and do with activities especially for children, such as slides, rides and puppet shows, as well as leisure and sporting activities for adults. The gardens are home to more than one hundred sculptures.
Le Parc de la Villette: 55 hectares
This urban cultural park is so much more than just a park as it is home to numerous music venues, exhibition spaces and cafes. It is also home to no less than 12 gardens, which all follow different themes. The Passenger Gardens, for example, which are built on what was once the sheep market, support a variety of ecosystems, demonstrating the importance of biodiversity.
1. Which green space probably suits students who are interested in botany
A. Jardin des Plantes. B. Parc des Buttes-Chaumont.
C. Jardin du Luxembourg. D. Le Parc de la Villette.
2. Which is special about Jardin du Luxembourg
A. They feature American style gardens. B. They are favorite gardens for the French.
C. They house a variety of African animals. D. They used to be royal gardens.
3. What can visitors do in Le Parc de la Villette
A. Visiting museums. B. Attending concerts.
C. Admiring waterfalls. D. Watching puppet shows.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了巴黎市内的一些公园、花园和绿地。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Jardin des Plantes这一段“The gardens themselves boast thousands of species of plants.(花园本身就有数千种植物。)”可知，在Jardin des Plantes中有许多植物。即爱好植物学的学生会喜欢这里。故选A项。
2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Jardin du Luxembourg中“These beautiful gardens were first laid out in 1612 as the gardens of the Luxembourg Palace.(这些美丽的花园最初是在1612年被设计成卢森堡皇宫的花园。）”可知，Jardin du Luxembourg的独特之处在于它曾是皇宫的花园。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Le Parc de la Villette这一段中“This urban cultural park is so much more than just a park as it is home to numerous music venues, exhibition spaces and cafes.(这座城市文化公园不仅仅是一个公园，因为它是众多音乐场所、展览空间和咖啡馆的家园。)”可知，在这个公园内可以参加音乐会。故选B项。
B
I became aware of my stutter (结巴) when I was around 9, in the fourth grade. I began to see how other people viewed me. When the teacher asked the whole class questions, I never raised my hand though I knew the answer, because I knew I would stutter. Some kids would tell me that I talked funny, ask why I didn't talk normally, or laugh at me. As soon as that started to happen, I became more introverted (内向的).
It wasn't until the summer of 2015, before freshman year at high school. All my friends and my parents encouraged me to join the high school football team. I owed much to them, especially Coach Lane who taught me how to play football. He took the time-and had the patience-to actually teach me what to do, how to do it and how to understand the concepts of play.
In junior year, I started my first game for the high school team. I had a very good season and in January 2018, I signed the University of North Carolina. The older we get, the more of an understanding we have about the world and other people. So the first time my teammates in college heard me talk and heard that I stuttered, they did not say a thing. That was a big deal to me because I was so used to people making comments. My teammates actually tell me to slow down because talking faster causes me to stutter more. It's really helped me develop confidence.
Whenever I go back home to Georgia, I volunteer with children at my church, including those who have learning disabilities. I like to do that to inspire them with confidence. I had confidence issues when I was a kid because of my stutter, so I just don't want them to have to go through what I did. In the future, I would like to start a foundation to give back to people who stutter and create a program where kids all across the world who have a stutter can have a safe space.
4. Why did NOT the author raise his hand in class
A. He didn't know the answer. B. He was too shy to speak in public.
C He was upset about kids' comments. D. He showed no interest in the question.
5. What was one cause of the author's decision to play football
A. Guidance from coaches. B. Great interest in football.
C. Expectations from parents. D. Encouragement from friends.
6. Which of the following best describes the author
A. Grateful and caring. B. Helpful and talkative. C. Athletic and generous. D. Confident and patient.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. An Unconfident Child B. An Introverted Volunteer
C. An Admirable Coach D. An Inspiring Footballer
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己小时候结巴，变得内向。上了高中，在朋友们的鼓励下加入学校足球队。后来在大学，他变得自信，学会了帮助其他人。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Some kids would tell me that I talked funny ask why I didn't talk normally, or laugh at me.(一些孩子会说我讲话滑稽，问我为什么不能正常讲话，或者嘲笑我)”可知，作者上课堂上不举手是因为害怕孩子们的评论。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“All my friends and my parents encouraged me to join the high school football team. (我的所有朋友和我的父母都鼓励我加入高中足球队)”可知，作者加入足球队的一个原因是朋友们和父母的鼓励。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“I owed much to them, especially Coach Lane who taught me how to play football. (我要归功于他们，特别是教练Lane教我怎样踢足球)”可知，作者很感激朋友和父母，特别是教练。根据第三段“So the first time my teammates in college heard me talk and heard that I stuttered, they did not say a thing. (第一次我的大学舍友听我谈话，听我结巴，但是他们没有说什么)”可知，作者对舍友们的理解表示感激。根据最后一段“Whenever I go back home to Georgia, I volunteer with children at my church, including those who have learning disabilities. (当我回到家乡Georgia，我在教堂里做志愿者，帮助有困难的孩子们)”可知，作者成为一个乐于助人的人。故作者是一个懂得感恩和乐于助人的人。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I like to do that to inspire them with confidence. In the future, I would like to start a foundation to give back to people who stutter and create a program where kids all across the world who have a stutter can have a safe space. (我想做志愿者用信心去激励他们。将来，我将建立一个基金会去回馈那些结巴的人，创造一个项目，在这里，全世界的结巴的孩子能有一个安全的空间)”可知，作者通过自己踢足球的经历而变得自信，他将用自己的行动去激励，去帮助更多的说话有困难的孩子。因此D. An Inspiring Footballer(一个鼓舞人心的足球运动员)可以概括全文大意，适合做标题。故选D。
C
A paper published on November 15 in Current Biology suggests that a patch (小块) of cells developed for identifying human faces, the fusiform face area (FFA), is up and running in infants (婴儿) as young as two months old.
Rebecca Saxe, a professor of brain and cognitive sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and her colleagues scanned 42 infants ranging in age from two to nine months using a special functional magnetic resonance (磁共振) imaging (fMRI) helmet designed specifically for babies. Data from 16 of the infants had to be thrown out because it is extremely difficult to keep them happy, still and awake for long. For the 26 remaining infants, the scientists compared activity in visual areas of the brain while they watched 2.7-second video clips that described faces, body parts, landscapes, and other objects. Results showed more activity in the areas of the brain's visual system that are specialized for recognizing faces, bodies and scenes than areas for other observed objects.
"There's every reason to think that babies are born expecting and looking for their most important social partners, Saxe says." Something in their brain makes them interested in faces actually before they've had any experience with faces at all. Babies look toward face-like images from hours after birth."
Other researchers are not convinced by Saxe's conclusions. "I don't believe that there are face patches present at birth," Livingstone says. He views experience and learning are essential for the development of the FFA.
To Kalanit Grill-Spector, a psychology professor at Stanford University, the most exciting part of the new paper is not about this question of learned versus inborn development. "I think the study is kind of attempting to address this question, but it doesn't really provide a perfect answer one way or another. What impressed me is the amount of babies that they've scanned and with a lot of new innovations in baby fMRI," she says. "That's going to push the field forward."
8. Why were the data from the 16 infants abandoned
A. Because the infants didn't watch the video clips.
B. Because the infants made no response to the objects.
C. Because the infants couldn't focus on objects for some time.
D. Because the infants were unwilling to wear helmets for long.
9. How did the researchers get the results
A. By listing figures. B. By asking questions. C. By analyzing reasons. D. By making comparisons.
10. Which statement would Rebecca Saxe probably agree with
A Infants can process facial patterns and give them meaning.
B. Specialized areas for recognizing faces are present at birth.
C. Some abilities of the visual system are gradually developed.
D. Experience and learning are essential for the development of the FFA.
11. Which word best describes Grill-Spector's attitude to the way of the research
A. Objective. B. Skeptical. C. Favorable. D. Disapproving.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲了一篇论文研究婴儿识别人脸的作用机制。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段“Data from 16 of the infants had to be thrown out because it is extremely difficult to keep them happy, still and awake for long.”（来自16名婴儿的数据不得不被扔掉，因为让他们保持快乐，静止和长时间清醒是极其困难的。）可知，数据被抛弃是因为使婴儿集中注意力太难了。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段“For the 26 remaining infants, the scientists compared activity in visual areas of the brain while they watched 2.7-second video clips that described faces, body parts, landscapes, and other objects.”（对于剩下的26名婴儿，科学家们比较了大脑视觉区域的活动，同时他们观看了描述面部，身体部位，风景和其他物体的2.7秒视频剪辑。）可知，研究人员通过比较得出结论。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段“Something in their brain makes them interested in faces actually before they’ve had any experience with faces at all.”（他们大脑中的某些东西使他们对面孔感兴趣，实际上在他们有任何面部经验之前就已经对面孔感兴趣了。）可知，Saxe认为婴儿识别人脸是天生的。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由尾段“What impressed me is the amount of babies that they’ve scanned and with a lot of new innovations in baby fMRI”（令我印象深刻的是他们扫描的婴儿数量以及婴儿fMRI中的许多新创新）可知，该研究使Grill-Spector印象深刻，即Grill-Spector喜欢该研究。故选C项。
D
The Amazon rainforest, is as undisturbed a place as most people can imagine, but even there, the effects of a changing climate are playing out. Now, research suggests that many of the region's most sensitive bird species are starting to evolve in response to warming.
Birds are often considered sentinel（哨兵）species-meaning that they indicate the overall health of an ecosystem-so scientists are particularly interested in how they're responding to climate change. In general, the news has not been good. For instance, a 2019 report by the National Audubon Society found that more than two-thirds of North America's bird species will be in danger of extinction by 2100 if warming trends continue on their current course.
For the new study, researchers collected the biggest dataset so far on the Amazon's resident birds, representing 77 non-migratory species and lasting the 40 years from 1979 to 2019. During the study period, the average temperature in the region rose, while the amount of rainfall declined, making for a hotter, dryer climate overall. According to the report on November 12 in the journal Science Advances, 36 species have lost substantial weight, as much as 2 percent of their body weight per decade since 1980. Meanwhile, all the species showed some decrease in average body mass, while a third grew longer wings.
Because of the study's long time series and large sample sizes, the authors were able to show the morphological（形态学的）effects of climate change on resident birds. However, the researchers themselves are unsure and wonder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppose smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cool. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate of surface area to body size, so they dissipate more heat faster than a bigger animal. Less available food, such as fruit or insects, in dryer weather might lead to smaller body size.
12. Why are scientists fond of doing research on birds
A. They have small body sizes. B. They are sensitive to hot weather.
C. They live in an undisturbed rainforest. D. They are ecological balance indicators.
13. What can we learn from the new study
A. A third of species have been extinct for a decade.
B. 36 species lost 2%of their body weight every year.
C. Two-thirds of species showed a considerable decrease in weight.
D. About 26 species responded to climate change with longer wings.
14. What does the underlined word "dissipate" in the last paragraph mean
A. Put off. B. Give off. C. Put away. D. Give away.
15. What would probably the researchers further study
A. Why it is easier for smaller animals to keep cool.
B. What effects the wing length changes have on birds.
C. Why the Amazonian birds have lost substantial weight.
D. Whether bird species in North America will be extinct in 2100.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了气候变化对鸟的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Birds are often considered sentinel（哨兵）species-meaning that they indicate the overall health of an ecosystem-so scientists are particularly interested in how they're responding to climate change.(鸟常被认为是物种的哨兵，指的是它们能暗示生态系统的整体健康，因此科学家关注它们对气候变化的反应)”可知，科学家喜欢研究鸟是因为鸟是生态系统平衡的暗示者。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“representing 77 non-migratory species”以及“while a third grew longer wings. (在研究的77种不迁移的鸟类中，1/3的鸟长着较长的翅膀)”可知，大约26种鸟类长着较长的翅膀来应对气候变化。故选D。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cool. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate of surface area to body size (较小的鸟可能很快就会凉下来。总体来讲，相对于身体尺寸而言，较小动物的表面积较大)”可知较小动物的表面积相对于自身整体而言较大，因此散发热量就容易，dissipate的意思是散发，与Give off（散发）的词义一致 。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, the researchers themselves are unsure and wonder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, (然而，研究者自己也不确信，对鸟的翅膀长度变化对鸟有什么好处感到困惑)”可知，研究者将进一步研究鸟的翅膀长度变化对鸟有什么影响。故选B。
第二节 七选五(共5小题，每题2.5分，共12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余的选项。
Having a college roommate is most people’s first experience living with someone who is not related to them. It comes with both benefits and challenges. ____16____ You get an instant friend, someone to confide in and keep you company during your first time away from home. However, since many colleges randomly assign your first roommate, you also run the risk of being matched with someone you find challenging. Either way, here’s some good advice:
Establish some rules
____17____ In this way, you and your roommate are clear on what to do to avoid conflict. Establish what space is whose, when you need quiet time to study, which items you can share, what time you go to bed, if you like to sleep in on weekends and who’s allowed to eat what in the refrigerator.
Practice direct communication
Practicing direct communication will help you in good times and bad. Dorm rooms are close quarters, so even if you get along with your roommate, there is bound to be a disagree mentor two. ____18____ You can’t expect your roommate to be a mind reader, so if you get upset or frustrated, communicate it to your roommate right away. ____19____ You’ll find such way gets better reception and ultimately a better response than if you just attack or criticize.
Compromise sometimes
When it comes to doing chores around the room, listening to certain kinds of music, watching different TV shows and requesting privacy, compromise is key. If you give a little your roommate will give a lite Compromising does not refer to giving in to all of someone’s requests. ____20____ So, utilize positive communication, and talk through the things you and your roommate differ on until you can reach a compromise.
A. Make your preferences known from the start.
B. Instead, it means coming to a mutual agreement.
C. Handle such conflicts with open communication.
D. It refers to persuading others to accept your opinion.
E. Use a respectful tone and choose your words carefully.
F. In this situation, listening to your roommates is very important.
G. Getting along with your roommate can enhance your college experience.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. C 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了拥有大学室友既有好处也有挑战，作者就如何与室友相处、避免发生冲突，给出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
由上一句“It comes with both benefits and challenges.(它既有好处，也有挑战)和下文“However, since many colleges randomly assign your first roommate, you also run the risk of being matched with someone you find challenging. (然而，由于许多大学随机分配给你的一个室友，你也会面临与你觉得有挑战性的人匹配的风险)”可知，上一句阐述“拥有大学室友既有好处，又有挑战”的观点，下文说明“随机分配给室友，你也会面临挑战”，推知该空可能将阐说明拥有大学室友的一个好处，因此，G项“Getting along with your roommate can enhance your college experience.(与室友相处可以增进你的大学经历)”切题，且该项中的“enhance your college experience.”与上一句中的“benefits”相对应。故选G项。
【17题详解】
通读本段，尤其是根据本段标题“Establish some rules(制定一些规则)”以及下一句“In this way, you and your roommate are clear on what to do to avoid conflict. (这样，你和你的室友就清楚地知道如何避免冲突)”可知，A项“Make your preferences known from the start.(从一开始就知道你的偏好)”切题，该项承接本段标题句意，说明制定规则的目的是从一开始就让其他室友知道你的偏好，进接下文谈到用这样的方法可以避免与室友冲突，且该选项中的“known”与下一句中的“are clear”相呼应。故选A项。
【18题详解】
由本段标题“Practice direct communication(练习直接沟通)”下一句提到“You can’t expect your roommate to be a mind reader, so if you get upset or frustrated, communicate it to your roommate right away. (你不能指望你的室友是一个读心术的人，所以如果你感到不安或沮丧，马上和你的室友沟通)”可知，当与室友有意见不一致的时候，要主动去沟通，因为可能室友对自己不了解，因此，C项“Handle such conflicts with open communication.(以开放的沟通方式处理此类冲突)”切题，该选项与下文构成因果关系，且选项中的“communication”与标题中的“communication”以及下一句中的“communicate”相呼应。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据上一句“You can’t expect your roommate to be a mind reader, so if you get upset or frustrated, communicate it to your roommate right away(你不能指望你的室友是一个读心术的人，所以如果你感到不安或沮丧，立即与你的室友沟通)”和下文“You’ll find such way gets better reception and ultimately a better response than if you just attack or criticize.(你会发现这样的方式比攻击或批评得到更好的接受和最终更好的回应)”可知，E项“Use a respectful tone and choose your words carefully(用尊重的语气，仔细选择你的话)”切题， 该选项承上启下，顺承上一句提出的“沟通”，阐述应该用尊重的语气正确的沟通， 承接下文句意，良好的沟通方式能得到更好的回应。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“If you give a little your roommate will give a lite Compromising does not refer to giving in to all of someone’s requests.(如果你付出一点，你的室友会做出一个小小的妥协，但这并不意味着对别人的所有要求都做出让步)”以及下文“So, utilize positive communication, and talk through the things you and your roommate differ on until you can reach a compromise.(所以，利用积极的沟通，把你和室友的不同点都说清楚，直到达成妥协)”可知，B项“Instead, it means coming to a mutual agreement.(相反，这意味着达成共同协议) ”切题，该选项与一句构成转折关系，进一步阐述做出一些让步意味着达成协议，且该选项中的“a mutual agreement.”与下一句中的“compromise”相呼应。故选B项。
Ⅱ．语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题，每题1分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从短文后所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A video about a homeless man went viral. Johal, a video-maker known for his social ____21____, decided to give a homeless man some money and ____22____ his reaction.
In the video, approaching a ____23____ homeless man, Johal carefully places some money on his bag. Minutes later, when the man wakes up, he’s surprised to see the cash and looks excited and grateful. The man walks to a store, steps out with a bag of ____24____, probably to face the cold nights, and returns to his bench.
Johal sits beside the man, talking on the phone with a friend, asking if he can borrow some money for his daughter. The homeless man ____25____ listens to Johal. After he hangs up, the man asks if he’s okay. Johal explains he’s getting his daughter some ____26____ while having a hard time financially.
In a(n) ____27____ turn of events, the man asks Johal to ____28____ his bag and leaves with the shopping bag. He returns ____29____ after returning the items and offers the money to Johal, who is a total ____30____, comforting he can go by without a blanket but the girl needs the treatment. Touched with the homeless man’s kindness, Johal ____31____ the experiment, offering $500 to the man, who instantly starts crying in ____32____.
____33____ but true, the result proves sometimes, those with less are the ones ____34____ most. Not all heroes wear capes. In fact, heroes are the ones with a ____35____.
21. A. service B. skill C. activities D. experiments
22. A. filmed B. predicted C. developed D. commented
23. A. hungry B. sleeping C. freezing D. depressed
24. A. blankets B. food C. clothes D. candles
25. A. casually B. respectfully C. patiently D. attentively
26. A. gifts B. toys C. medicines D. meals
27. A. lucky B. unexpected C. rough D. awkward
28. A. watch for B. pack up C. tie up D. look for
29. A. hard-headed B. heavy-footed C. empty-handed D. low-spirited
30. A. actor B. parent C. failure D. stranger
31. A. continues B. explains C. conducts D. analyzes
32. A. disbelief B. relief C. sorrow D. anger
33 A. Heartbroken B. Imaginative C. Incredible D. Artificial
34. A. losing B. asking C. owning D. giving
35. A. will B. heart C. thought D. cause
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。Johal做了一个实验。他给了一个流浪汉一些钱，并拍下了他的反应。流浪汉的善心令他感动。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Johal是一名以社会实验闻名的视频制作人，他决定给一名流浪汉一些钱，并拍下了他的反应。A. service服务；B. skill技能；C. activities活动；D. experiments实验。根据后文中的“the experiment”可知，Johal的视频以“社会实验”出名。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Johal是一名以社会实验闻名的视频制作人，他决定给一个流浪汉一些钱，并拍下了他的反应。A. filmed拍摄；B. predicted预测；C. developed发展；D. commented评论。根据下一段中的“In the video”可知，流浪汉的反应被拍摄了下来。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在视频中，Johal走近一个正在睡觉的流浪汉，小心翼翼地把一些钱放在他的包上。A. hungry饥饿的；B. sleeping正在睡觉的；C. freezing极冷的，冰冻的； D. depressed沮丧的。根据下文中的“Minutes later, when the man wakes up”可知，一开始，那个无家可归的人正在“睡觉”。几分钟之后，他醒了过来。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个人走到一家商店，提着一袋毯子出来，可能是为了面对寒冷的夜晚，然后回到他的长凳上。A. blankets毯子；B. food食物；C. clothes衣服；D. candles蜡烛。根据后文中的“he can go by without a blanket”可知，流浪汉买了毯子。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个无家可归的人专心地听Johal说话。A. casually随意地；B. respectfully尊敬地；C. patiently耐心地；D. attentively专注地。根据下文中“After he hangs up, the man asks if he’s okay”可知，Johal挂断电话后，流浪汉询问他情况。由此推知，在Johal讲电话的时候，流浪汉一直在注意倾听。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Johal解释说，他要给女儿买了一些药，但是他现在经济困难。A. gifts礼物；B. toys玩具；C. medicines药；D. meals饭菜。根据后文中的“the girl needs the treatment”可知，女孩需要治疗，因此此处指要给孩子“买药”。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，这名男子让Johal帮他看包，然后拿着购物袋离开了。A. lucky幸运的；B. unexpected出乎意料的；C. rough粗糙的；D. awkward令人尴尬的。结合下文中的“He returns…after returning the items and offers the money to Johal”可知，素不相识的流浪汉将钱给了Johal，让他拿去给女儿治病。事情的发展是出乎意料的。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，这名男子让Johal帮他看包，然后拿着购物袋离开了。A. watch for密切注意；B. pack up整理，把……打包；C. tie up包扎，绑好；D. look for寻找。结合下文可知，流浪汉带着购物袋去退毯子。因此，该处应指他拜托Johal照看他的包。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：退还物品后，他空手而归，把钱给了Johal。A. hard-headed头脑冷静的；B. heavy-footed动作迟钝的；C. empty-handed空手的；D. low-spirited情绪低落的。根据下文中的“returning the items and offers the money to Johal”可知，流浪汉将刚买来的毛毯退了回去，把钱给了Johal。所以他回来的时候应该是“两手空空的”。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：退还物品后，他空手而归，并把钱给了完全陌生的Johal，安慰说他没有毯子可以过得去，但女孩需要治疗。A. actor演员；B. parent父(或母)；C. failure失败；D. stranger陌生人。流浪汉和Johal素不相识，对彼此来说都是陌生人。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名流浪汉的善良感动了Johal，他向流浪汉解释了这个实验，给了他500美元，流浪汉立刻不敢置信地哭了起来。A. continues继续；B. explains解释；C. conducts实施，指挥；D. analyzes分析。Johal被流浪汉的行为打动，所以他将整个实验的来龙去脉解释给了流浪汉。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这名流浪汉的善良感动了Johal，他向流浪汉解释了这个实验，给了他500美元，流浪汉立刻不敢置信地哭了起来。A. disbelief怀疑，不信；B. relief缓解，减轻；C. sorrow悲痛；D. anger生气，恼怒。流浪汉因为自己的善良得到了500美元。对他来说，这也是非常出乎意料的结局。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这名流浪汉的善良感动了Johal，他向流浪汉解释了这个实验，给了他500美元，流浪汉立刻不敢置信地哭了起来。A. Heartbroken心碎的；B. Imaginative富于想象的；C. Incredible令人难以置信的；D. Artificial人造的，人工的。很多人都不会想到一个流浪汉会这样做，所以这个实验的结果是令人难以置信的。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人难以置信但却是事实，结果有时证明那些拥有更少的人是付出最多的人。A. losing失去；B. asking问，要求；C. owning拥有；D. giving给予，给。结合流浪汉的行为将钱给了Johal可知，那些拥有更少的人往往给予他人的最多。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，英雄是有一颗爱心的人。A. will意志；B. heart爱心，心；C. thought想法；D. cause起因，事业。流浪汉拥有一个爱心，一颗善心。因此文章最后得出结论，英雄往往是那些拥有爱心的人。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Poetry, ____36____ universal form of literature, plays an important role in ancient China. Poetry probably had its origins in traditional folk music tens of thousands of years ago. In that era, there were no TVs or films, and ____37____ (write) had not been invented, so people would sit around the fire at night and sing songs ____38____ (entertain) themselves. These songs reflected themes from the people’s daily ____39____ (life), such as hunting animals or sowing crops. Since nothing was set down, over the years different versions of these songs developed, and each area would have its own respective rhythm. In addition to this, people would recite stories of past heroes.
As these stories were often quite long, they often had rhyme and rhythm to help people remember them more ____40____ (easy). While in the beginning such songs and stories had a very simple format, over time they became more complicated and ____41____ (pretty). These were no longer the works of amateurs sitting around a fire, ____42____ works of true poets who cared about their art and who sometimes made a living from it.
Poetry plays with sounds, words, and grammar, ____43____ makes poetry difficult to write but very interesting to read. Poetry uses colors, feelings, experiences, and images to paint a picture in your mind. Today, many Chinese people ____44____ (become) more interested in reading poems, no matter _____45_____ what language they are written. Translation is good, but being able to read in what language is best.
【答案】36. a 37. writing
38. to entertain
39. lives 40. easily
41. prettier
42. but 43. which
44. are becoming
45. in
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了诗歌作为一种普遍的文学形式，在中国古代扮演着重要的角色。如今，许多中国人对阅读诗歌越来越感兴趣，无论它们是用什么语言写的。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：诗歌作为一种普遍的文学形式，在中国古代扮演着重要的角色。由form“形式”为可数名词可知，此处为泛指一种普遍的形式，不定冠词a/an+单数名词表泛指，结合universal首字母发音为辅音音素。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：在那个时代，没有电视或电影，写作还没有发明。空处应用名词形式作主语，writing符合题意，意为“写作”。故填writing。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：所以人们晚上会围坐在火边唱歌自娱。由句意可知，此处为不定式to do sth“去做……”作目的状语，表示去娱乐自己。故填to entertain。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些歌曲反映了人们日常生活的主题，如打猎或播种庄稼。由people’s可知，此时daily life为可数名词，此处用复数指代不同人的日常生活。故填lives。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：由于这些故事通常都很长，它们通常有韵律和节奏，以帮助人们更容易记住它们。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词easily修饰动词remember。故填easily。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：起初，这些歌曲和故事的形式很简单，但随着时间的推移，它们变得更加复杂和漂亮。由and可知，此处和前面的more complicated为并列关系，为比较级形式。故填prettier。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：这些作品不再是业余爱好者围坐在火堆旁的作品，而是真正的诗人的作品，他们关心自己的艺术，有时还以此为生。由句意可知，上下文为转折关系，应用but表示“而是”。故填but。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：诗歌具有声音、单词和语法，这使得诗歌很难写，但读起来很有趣。分析句子可知，空处引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为Poetry plays with sounds, words, and grammar表示此事，在从句中作主语成分，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查动词。句意：如今，许多中国人对阅读诗歌越来越感兴趣，无论它们是用什么语言写的。由前面时间状语“Today”可知，该句为现在进行时，表示目前正在发生的动作，结合主语many Chinese people为复数形式。故填are becoming。
【45题详解】
考查j介词。句意：如今，许多中国人对阅读诗歌越来越感兴趣，无论它们是用什么语言写的。由句意可知。使用语言“in language”所以此处需要填写介词in。故填in
Ⅲ．写作(共二节，满分40分)
第一节：应用文(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，光明中学社团英语俱乐部主席，因为要办英语角，恳请外教Mr. Brown抽空参加每周一次的“Free Talk”活动，吸引帮助英语爱好者。请你写一封信，请求他每周拔冗参加活动。
内容包括：
1.时间和地点；
2.求助外教的原因；
3.为给对方带来的不便提供改善的办法。
注意事项：
1.内容可以适当发挥，字数在100左右；
2.开头已经写好，不计入字数要求。
Dear Mr. Brown,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Brown,
I’m Li Hua, president of the English Club of Guangming Middle School. Since we are going to set up an English corner, we sincerely invite you to take part in the “Free Talk” activity once a week to attract English lovers.
Our activity is scheduled to be held in Room 306, Zhengxin Building, every Friday afternoon from 2:00 to 5:00. At that time, any student who is interested in English can participate, and our English teachers will also participate. Because of your rich knowledge and extensive experiences, we hope to invite you to participate in the activity and make heated discussions with the students and share your insights and experiences with them. If this brings inconvenience to you, please let us know, we will provide improvement method.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，光明中学社团英语俱乐部主席，因为要办英语角，恳请外教Mr. Brown抽空参加每周一次的“Free Talk”活动，吸引帮助英语爱好者。请你写一封信，请求他每周拔冗参加活动。内容包括：1.时间和地点；2.求助外教的原因；3.为给对方带来的不便提供改善的办法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：participate in→attend to
吸引：attract→appeal to
提供：provide→offer
成立：set up = establish
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Because of your rich knowledge and extensive experiences, we hope to invite you to participate in the activity and make heated discussions with the students and share your insights and experiences with them.
拓展句：Because you have rich knowledge and extensive experiences, we hope to invite you to participate in the activity and make heated discussions with the students and share your insights and experiences with them.
【点睛】[高分句型1] At that time, any student who is interested in English can participate, and our English teachers will also participate. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] If this brings inconvenience to you, please let us know, we will provide improvement method. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为80词左右。
Ali and his younger sister, Zahra, lived with their parents in a poor neighborhood. Their mother was very sick and their father was struggling to find a job, and they had only a little money with which to buy food. As they had not paid the rent for several months, the landlord was breathing down their necks (盯着他们).
One day, Ali took Zahra's shoes to a shoe repairman to be fixed, but he lost them on the way home. It wasn’t until he got home that he realized he had lost the shoes. He was afraid that his parents would be angry and disappointed, so he begged his sister to keep it secret. Zahra agreed and the two decided to share Ali’s running shoes. Zahra’s school hours were in the morning, so she would wear them first. After school, she would rush back and give them to Ali. He could then run to his school, which began in the afternoon. Although he ran as fast as he could, Ali often arrived late and was warned by the school.
Ali heard about a long distance race that was held for the boys in the city. When he learned that the third prize was a new pair of shoes, he decided to take part. He ran home excitedly and promised his sister that he would win her the new shoes.
The day of race arrived. Ali had a strong start，but halfway through the race he began to get tired and his legs began to ache. Getting more and more exhausted he thought only of Zahra and his promise to her. Dreaming of the new shoes he would win for his sister gave him strength, and he stayed right behind the two fastest runners, determined to finish third. Suddenly, as the finish line drew near, another runner collided (碰撞) with Ali from behind and he crashed to the ground.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为80左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1:
Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Filled with pleasure, Ali walked home quickly._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead. Refusing to give up at this point, he jumped to his feet and ran as fast as he could. He dashed across the finishing line and won the fourth prize. Thinking he would let her sister down. Ali couldn’t help sobbing. Just then he suddenly heard the announcement from the broadcast that he won the third prize as the runner who collided with Ali was disqualified for breaking the rule. Holding the shoes close to his chest during the award ceremony, Ali felt overjoyed and relieved as he eventually won the shoes for his sister.
Paragraph 2
Filled with pleasure, Ali walked home quickly. He could not wait to see his sister and share the good news. “Zahra, see what I have got for you.” Ali said excitedly, taking the prize out of his bag with his trembling hands. So thrilled was she that she threw herself at Ali. “Thank you! Ali.” Tears of joy welled up in their eyes as the brother and the sister hugged tightly together.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，文章讲述了发生在两兄妹之间的故事。哥哥Ali和妹妹Zahra家境穷苦，数月未能交上房租。Ali在帮妹妹Zahra修鞋时将妹妹的鞋子弄丢了，两人只好分享同一双鞋上学，哥哥要在学校之间不断奔跑才能将鞋换给妹妹Zahra，但往往会由于Ali经常迟到，妹妹Zahra会受到学校的警告。一次跑步比赛的三等奖鞋子吸引了Ali，他决定参加比赛为妹妹Zahra赢得这双鞋。比赛中，尽管疲惫和腿疼，他坚持到终点，却被另一名跑步者撞倒在地。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead. (Ali抬起头，看到其他的男孩在前面冲。)所以应该写Ali没有放弃，继续跑到终点，但由于摔倒过，应是没能如愿得到第三名；但前文“Suddenly, as the finish line drew near, another runner collided with Ali from behind and he crashed to the ground.(当终点线临近时，另一名选手从后面与Ali阿里相撞，Ali摔倒在地。)”已经埋下伏笔“男孩犯规，失去资格”，而在本段描写Ali还是能获得三等奖，同时讲述他的欣喜感受；第二段开头是Filled with pleasure, Ali walked home quickly. (Ali满心欢喜，快步走回家。) 本段应该写哥哥Ali回到家中，将鞋子送给妹妹，妹妹满心欢喜，两兄妹相拥。
按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：
1.高级词汇：give up; dash across; let sb. down; couldn’t help doing; collide with; could not wait to do; throw oneself at sb.; well up
2.高级句式：
Refusing to give up at this point, he jumped to his feet and ran as fast as he could. 他不愿就此放弃，一跃而起，以最快的速度跑了起来。 (“Refusing to give up at this point”为现在分词作原因状语)
Just then he suddenly heard the announcement from the broadcast that he won the third prize as the runner who collided with Ali was disqualified for breaking the rule. 就在这时，他突然听到广播里宣布他获得了三等奖，因为与阿里相撞的那个运动员因违反规定被取消了比赛资格。( that 引导宾语从句，且宾语从句中who引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词the runner)
So thrilled was she that she threw herself at Ali. 她太激动了，扑向Ali。(so… that结果状语从句；且“So+adj”置于句首，主句为完全倒装句式)

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