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研读高考真题解析课标要求+（2023年全国甲卷）-2024届高考英语复习
【2023年全国甲卷】
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节；满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Where to Eat in Bangkok
Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers. It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options. Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure.
【课标要求】 1. desirable adj. 令人向往的，值得拥有的；可取的 desire n. 愿望，欲望，渴望 v. 渴望，想望 2. destination n. 目的地，终点，目标 Zhangjiajie in Hunan Province has become one of China's most popular tourist destinations. 3. option n. 选择（同义词：choice）；期权 optional adj. 可选择的，选修的 optional courses 选修课程 There are various options open to you. Students have the option of studying abroad in their second year. I had no option but to (= I had to) ask him to leave. 4. adventure n. 冒险（经历），奇遇；冒险的刺激，冒险欲v. 冒险；大胆说出；去（某地）探险 adventurer n. 冒险家；投机分子 adventurous adj. 勇于冒险的，敢于创新的；爱冒险的 John set off for a new adventure in Alaska on the first day of the new year. Tom was a country boy who had joined the army out of a sense of patriotism（爱国主义）and adventure.
Nahm
Offering Thai fine dining, Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary (烹饪的) experiences. It’s the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the world’s 50 best restaurants list. Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.
【课标要求】 5. offer v. 提供，给予；提议，表示愿意（做某事）n. 主动提议，提供； 出价，报价 offer sb sthg/offer sthg (to sb) (for sth) 主动提出；自愿给予 The guide offered some useful advice. The hotel offers excellent facilities for families. 6. provide v. 提供，供给；配备，准备好 provide sb (with sthg)/provide sthg (for sb) 提供；供应；给予 The hospital has a commitment（承诺）to provide the best possible medical care. The rescue team are here to provide a service for the public. The rescue team are here to provide the public with a service. 【联想拓展】provided/providing conj. 如果；假如；在……条件下 We'll buy everything you produce, provided of course the price is right. Provided (that) you have the money in your account, you can withdraw up to $100 a day. 7. rank v. 把……分等级，属于某等级 n. 军衔，军阶；（社会、团体中的）地位，等级 The tasks have been ranked in order of difficulty. At the height of her career she ranked second in the world. The university is ranked number one in the country for engineering. Tom’s prices rank high among those of other contemporary（同时代的）photographers. 8. branch n. 树枝，分枝；分支机构，分店 The bank has branches all over the country. 9. metropolitan adj. 大都市的；本土的
Issaya Siamese Club
Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai’s first flagship Bangkok restaurant. The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.
【课标要求】 10. internationally adv. 国际性地；在国际间 international adj. 国际的，国际上的 11. colonial adj. 殖民地的，殖民主义的；殖民地时期风格的；群体的 colony n. 殖民地；殖民团，移民队；聚集人群，聚居地（区）；群体，群落 12. include v. 包含；把……列为一部分，把……算入 The tour included a visit to the Science Museum. The trip has been extended（延长）to include a few other puter crimes include data theft and pirating（盗版）software. All the class went to visit the island, me included. 13. cuisine n. 烹饪，风味；饭菜，菜肴 bine v.（使）结合，组合n. 联盟，联合体；联合收割机 combine A and/with B (together)（使）结合，组合，联合，混合 Hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water. 氢与氧化合成水。 Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water. 氢与氧化合成水。 We are still looking for someone who combines all the necessary bination n. 结合体，联合体；结合，联合 The patient’s treatment was a combination of surgery, radiation and drugs.
Bo.lan
Bo.lan has been making waves in Bangkok’s culinary scene since it opened in 2009. Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots, yet still manages to add a special twist. This place is good for a candle-lit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food. For those extremely hungry, there’s a large set menu.
【课标要求】 15. Bo.lan has been making waves in Bangkok’s culinary scene since it opened in 2009. （1）make waves引起轰动：指做出引人注目的事情 （2）本句中has been making waves是现在完成进行时态。 Mr Brown has been teaching English for nearly 30 years in the school. 16. Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots, yet still manages to add a special twist. （1）elegant adj. 高雅的，举止优雅的；精美的，雅致的 elegantly adv. 优美地 elegance n. 优雅，雅致；简练 Patricia looked beautiful and elegant as always. The furniture managed to combine practicality with elegance. （2）atmosphere n. 大气，大气层；空气；气氛，环境；感染力 The hotel offers a friendly atmosphere and personal service. The spacecraft burned up as it entered the earth's atmosphere. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is considered a cause of earth warming. （3）twist n. 扭动，转动n. 扭动，转动；弯曲处，拐弯处；波折，意想不到的转折 （4）colleague n. 同事，同僚 （5）appreciate v. 欣赏，鉴赏；理解，明白；感谢，感激 appreciation n. 欣赏，鉴赏；感激，感谢；理解，领会 You can't really appreciate foreign literature in translation. His talents are not fully appreciated in that company. I would appreciate it if you paid in cash. I don't appreciate being treated like a second-class citizen. They have a stronger appreciation of the importance of economic incentives（激励）. Please accept this gift in appreciation of all you've done for us.
Gaggan
Earning first place on the latest “Asia’s 50 best restaurants” list, progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues (场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years. The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. Culinary theater at its best.
【课标要求】 17. progressive adj. 进步的，先进的；逐步发生的，逐步发展的 18. staff n. 全体员工，全体雇员 The outpatient programme（门诊部）has a staff of six people. Ten staff were allocated to the task. 19. in action在活动；在运转 So far, visitors to the theme park have been excited to see the birds in action. My assistant will now demonstrate（展示）the machine in action.
21. What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common
A. They adopt modern cooking methods. B. They have branches in London.
C. They have top-class chefs. D. They are based in hotels.
22. Which restaurant offers a large set menu
A. Gaggan. B. Bo. lan. C. Issaya Siamese Club. D. Nahm.
23. What is special about Gaggan
A. It hires staff from India. B. It puts on a play every day.
C. It serves hard-to-find local dishes. D. It shows the cooking process to guests.
【语篇导读】本文是应用文，介绍了一些关于从哪里开始你的曼谷美食之旅的建议。
【参考答案】21. C 22. B 23. D
【第21题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Nahm下的段落中“Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his Loodon-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.”以及小标题Issays Stamese Club下的段落中“Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef lan Kittichai’s first flagship Bangkok restaurant.”可知，Nahm和Issaya Siamese Club的共同之处是他们都有一流的厨师。故选C项。
【第22题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Bo. tan下的段落中“For those extremely hungry, there’s a large set menu.”可知，Bo. tan提供大型套餐。故选B项。
【第23题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Gaggan下的段落中“The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action.”可知，Gaggan的特别之处是它向客人展示了烹饪过程。故选D项。
B
Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
【课标要求】 1. when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself) 当涉及到DIY 2. Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. （1）be skilled at (doing) sthg. 擅长；对……在行 （2）put up shelves 安装架子 （3）piece together furniture 整修家具【piece熟词生义：v. 拼凑；拼合】 （4）pay sb. to do sthg. 付钱让某人做某事 （5）Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture 在句子中作原因状语。
She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with, painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and it was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.”
【课标要求】 3. She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. credit…to…【credit A with B/credit B to A】认为是……的功劳；把……归于 The company is credited with inventing the industrial robot. The invention of the industrial robot is credited to the company. 【联想拓展】credit n. 信用，信贷；赞扬，信誉，声望；存款金额，余额 to sb's credit 使值得赞扬；使受尊重 The bank refused further credit to the company.t I can't take all the credit for the show's success—it was a team effort. Tom is a player who rarely seems to get the credit he deserves. To his credit, Jack never told anyone exactly what had happened. 4. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. accompany v. 陪伴，陪同；伴随，与……一起发生；为……伴奏（或伴唱） John agreed to accompany me on a trip to Africa next month. The singer was accompanied on the piano by her sister. 5. A day’s work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money. reward sb (with…) (for sth/for doing sth) 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬 Make the extra effort to impress the buyer and you will be rewarded with a quicker sale at a better price. 6. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with, painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and it was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.” （1）much of a 称得上；称得上……的 be (not) much of 不太好的；不很好 His younger brother is not much of a companion for him. When all is said and done, there doesn't seem to be much of a mystery to explain. （2）backbreaking adj. 非常辛劳的；费力的 （3）be proud of 为......感到自豪
Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”
【课标要求】 7. Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. （1）who引导一个非选择性定语从句。 （2）rent a house with 和……一起租房子 （3）save sb. from (doing) sthg. 使某人免于做某事；节省某人某物 （4）deposit n. 订金；押金；沉积物，沉积层 We've put down a 5% deposit on the house. （5）come to an end 结束 8. personalise (同personalize) v. 使个性化；为个人特制 All our courses are personalized to the needs of the individual. 9. cover up 掩盖：隐藏或隐瞒某事 They knew they had done something terribly wrong and lied to cover it up.
With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifth wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.
【课标要求】 10. With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. （1）with复合结构在句子中作原因状语。 （2）take on 承担：接受或开始承担责任、任务或挑战；雇佣；聘请某人为员工；呈现：开始具有某种特征或品质 take on DIY projects承担DIY任务 No other organization was able or willing to take on the job. Robots take on jobs that are too dangerous for people to do by themselves. The bus stopped to take on more passengers. Every citizen should take on the responsibility to keep public toilets clean in order to build a more beautiful city. （3）make the most of 充分利用 Instead of feeling sad by comparing yourself to others, you should make the most of what you have and be happy. （4）get sthg. done 完成某事 11. average n. 平均水平，一般标准；平均数，平均值adj. 普通的，平常的；平均（数）的 Parents spend an average of $220 a year on toys. Temperatures are (well) above/below average for the time of year. The car is riding at an average speed of 100 miles per hour. 12. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifth wish to increase the value of their house. （1）aim to do sthg 努力实现；努力做某事 （2）improve v. 康复，健康好转；超过，胜过；提高……的价值；改善，变得更好 His quality of life has improved dramatically since the operation. The company needs to improve performance in all these areas （3）comfort n. 舒服，舒适；安慰，慰藉；令人感到安慰的人（或事物）v. 安慰，抚慰 These tennis shoes are designed for comfort and performance. The hotel offers a high standard of comfort and service. Jessica comforted herself with the thought that it would soon be all right. 13. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge. （1）traditionally adv. 传统上；习惯上；传说上 traditional adj. 传统的；因袭的，守旧的tradition n. 传统，惯例；传统故事，传说 （2）see…as…视为；把……看作…… （3）lead the charge 打头阵；冲锋在前
24. Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1
A. An artist. B. A winner. C. A specialist. D. A pioneer.
25. Why did Terri’s grandfather give her 5 a day
A. For a birthday gift. B. As a treat for her work.
C. To support her DIY projects. D. To encourage her to take up a hobby.
26. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented
A. By making it look like before. B. By furnishing it herself.
C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement.
27. What trend in DIY does the research show
A. It is becoming more costly. B. It is getting more time-consuming.
C. It is turning into a seasonal industry. D. It is gaining popularity among females.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了DIY高手Terri Boltonis的技能,以及DIY项目可能会在女性群体中成为一种潮流趋势。
【参考答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D
【第24题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.”可推知，此处指Terri Boltonis是一位DIY高手。 C项“A specialist (一位专业人员)”最接近画线短语“a dab hand”的意思。故选C项。
【第25题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money.”以及“It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.”可推知，Terri的祖父每天给她5英镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励。故选B项。
【第26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”可推知，Terri是通过粉刷房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。故选A项。
【第27题详解】细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“the research shows it is women now leading the charge”可知，研究表明，DIY将在女性中越来越受欢迎。故选D项。
C
I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy (哲学).
【课标要求】 1. a copy of 一本 2. be full of 充满；装满 3. be new to sb./sthg. 陌生的；对……陌生；对......不熟悉 Many of the employees will probably be new to the workforce. 4. bring me into a world of philosophy（哲学）
That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you — and then try to explain them.
Eric Weiner’s The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.
【课标要求】 5. explain v. 解释，说明；说明（……的）原因，解释（……的）理由 explanation n. 解释，说明；说明性文字；理由，原因 【警示误区】注意从动词explain到名词explanation的变化！ 6. reawaken (my love for philosophy) vt. 使想起，使回忆；再次唤醒 7. invitation n. 邀请；引起，招致 invite v. 邀请，约请；征求，请求；引起，招致 It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy. I'm afraid we can't come, but thanks for the invitation anyway. Don't leave your shopping on the back seat of your car – it's an open invitation to a thief.
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.
【课标要求】 8. start each chapter with a scene on a train ride （1）start/begin…with…从......开始：表示某事物或活动的起始点 It is often a good idea to start with smaller, easily achievable goals. 【联想拓展】to start with（给出首要理由）首先，第一 To start with, people should know that seeking help is a normal need instead of a sign of weakness. The teacher started his class with a folk song. （2）chapter n. 章，回，篇；阶段，时期v. 把……分成章节 The program will be discussed in more detail in a later chapter. 9. frame v. 装框架；勾勒出；围绕 n. 框架，边框 10. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. （1）本句中的read用作名词，意思是“阅读；读物”。“in which”引导定语从句，修饰先行词a read。 （2）【本段中出现的人物】 Socrates / s kr ti z/ n. 苏格拉底（古希腊哲学家） Thoreau /'θ :r u/ n. 梭罗（姓氏） Schopenhauer /'sk up nhau / n. 叔本华（德国哲学家） Nietzsche / ni t / n. 尼采（德国哲学家） （3）wonder v. 想知道，好奇，琢磨；不知是否（用于提问或礼貌地提出请求）；感到疑惑 n. 惊讶，惊叹；奇观，奇迹 I was just beginning to wonder where you were. We were wondering about next April for the hiking in the valley. I was wondering whether you'd like to come to a party. Mary wondered at her own stupidity to get trapped in the traffic.
He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation.
【课标要求】 11. appealing adj. 吸引人的，有感染力的；恳求的，可怜的 Spending the holidays in Britain wasn't a prospect that I found particularly appealing. There was a sense of humour to what he did that I found very appealing. 【联想拓展】appeal n. 呼吁，恳求；上诉，申诉 v. 呼吁，恳求；上诉，申诉；有吸引力 The design has to appeal to all ages and social groups. Organizers appealed to the crowd not to panic. Police have appealed for witnesses to come forward. He will appeal to the state for an extension（延长）of unemployment benefits. 12. quality n. 质量，品质；优质，上乘 When costs are cut product quality suffers. Their quality of life improved dramatically when they moved to France. We aim to provide quality at reasonable prices. 【比较】quantity n. 量，数目；大量，大批 It's cheaper to buy goods in quantity. 大宗购物比较便宜。 The company has developed a new product that is cheap to produce in large quantities. 13. humor n. 幽默，诙谐；心情 humorous n. 幽默，诙谐；心情 14. in the process在过程中；在进行中
The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. It’s worth your time, even if time is something we don’t have a lot of.
【课标要求】 15. draw (sb) in 吸引；使某人产生兴趣或关注某事物；夜晚即将来临 16. apparent adj. 显而易见的，易懂的；貌似的，表面上的 apparently adv. 据说，显然；似乎，好像 It was apparent from her face that she was really upset. My parents were concerned at my apparent lack of enthusiasm for school. 17. simplicity n. 简单（性)，容易（性）；简朴，朴素 【联想拓展】simple adj. 简单的，简明的；简朴的，朴素的 simplify v. 使简易，简化 The apparent simplicity of his latest plot is deceptive（欺骗的）. 18. desire n. 愿望，欲望，渴望 v. 渴望，想望 I had a strong desire to help and care for people. Parents' natural desire to protect their children should be counterbalanced by the child's need for independence. We all desire health and happiness. 19. loneliness n. 孤独，寂寞 lonely adj. 孤单的，寂寞的 20. encourage sb to do sthg 鼓励某人做某事
28. Who opened the door to philosophy for the author
A. Foucault. B. Eric Weiner.
C. Jostein Gaarder. D. A college teacher.
29. Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4
A. To compare Weiner with them.
B. To give examples of great works.
C. To praise their writing skills.
D. To help readers understand Weiner’s book.
30. What does the author like about The Socrates Express
A. Its views on history are well-presented.
B. Its ideas can be applied to daily life.
C. It includes comments from readers.
D. It leaves an open ending.
31. What does the author think of Weiner’s book
A. Objective and plain.
B. Daring and ambitious.
C. Serious and hard to follow.
D. Humorous and straightforward.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。作者在13岁时开始喜欢哲学，随后Weiner的书The Socrates Express激发了作者对哲学的热爱。文章介绍了The Socrates Express这本书，倡导读者花时间去读这本书。
【参考答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D
【第28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy(哲学).”可知，Jostein Gaarder为作者打开了通往哲学的大门。故选C项。
【第29题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche.”可知，作者在第四段开头描写了Weiner书的内容，接着作者通过列举了几位伟大的哲学家来描写读完这本书后我们能从中学到的东西，由此可推知，作者列举了几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解Weiners的书。故选D项。
【第30题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.”可知，作者喜欢The Socrates Express这本书，是因为它的思想可以应用到日常生活中。故选B项。
【第31题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor.”可知，Weiners的书很幽默，再根据最后一段中“The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging.”可知，Weiners的书简单易懂，由此可知，Weiners的书既幽默又简单易懂。故选D项。
D
Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche — we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.
【课标要求】 1. 第一行中的which引导非选择性定语从句，修饰先行词grizzly bears。 2. weigh v. 称，称……的重量；重，有……重 【熟词生义】认真考虑，权衡 weight n. 重量，分量，体重 The little ball of gold weighs a quarter of an ounce（盎司）. The scales can be used to weigh other items such as parcels. We should weigh the benefits of the plan against the risks involved. 3. occupy v. 使用（房屋、建筑），居住；占据（空间，时间） 【熟词生义】使忙于（做某事） occupy sb/sthg/yourself (in doing sthg/with sb/sthg) 使忙于（做某事）；忙着（做某事） occupation n. 工作，职业；消遣，业余活动；占用，占有 occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche美国人内心充满矛盾 The bed seemed to occupy most of the room. I'm sorry to occupy your time, but I really want to talk with you about the pet problem nowadays. The clerk occupied herself with routine office tasks. 4. flood into大量涌入/涌进 As more and more people flood into "free" health care, taxpayer costs will explode. Eventually, Chinese cars will flood into American and European markets.
“Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more, they’re increasingly being sighted by humans.
【课标要求】 5. range n.（变动或浮动的）范围，界限 v.（在一定的范围内）变化，变动 The hotel offers a wide range of facilities. A wide range of colours and patterns are available. There will be an increase in the range of 0 to 3 per cent. Estimates of the damage in the floods range between $1 million and $5 million. Jessica has had a number of different jobs, ranging from chef to swimming instructor. 6. expand v. 扩大，增加；扩展，发展 expand their range into places扩大它们（灰熊）的活动范围 A child's vocabulary expands through reading. There are no plans to expand the local airport. We've expanded the business by opening two more stores. 7. sight v. 看到，看见 n. 视力，视觉；看见，见到；视野 After twelve days at sea, the sailors sighted land. The security forces sighted a group of young men that had crossed the border. 8. where引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词places。
The western half of the US was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
【课标要求】 9. be full of 充满着；装满 10. European n. 欧洲人 adj. 欧洲的，欧洲人的 Europe n. 欧洲；欧盟 11. a rough number of 大约 rough adj. 不确切的；粗略的；大致的 We were only able to make a rough estimate（估计；估算）of how much fuel would be required. 12. cruel adj. 残酷的，残忍的；引起痛苦的 cruelty n. 残酷，残忍；不公，虐待 I can't stand people who are cruel to animals. So cruel is the man that he never shows any mercy to whoever is against his opinion. It was the most extreme example of cruelty to animals I had ever seen. 13. continuous adj. 连续不断的，持续的 continue v.（使）继续，（使）延续；继续说，接着说 Continuous exposure to sound above 80 decibels（分贝）could be harmful. 14. former adj. 旧时的；以前的，前……；（两者中）前者的 【反义词】latter adj.（两者之中的）后者的；末期的，后期的 15. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. list v. 列清单，拟订清单；把……列入名单 n. 列表，清单 the Endangered Species Act 《濒临物种法》 The koala is listed among Australia's endangered animals. The pupils were asked to list the sports they loved most and hated most. Researchers are making a list of the top ten men women would not want to be married to.
Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the US. Their recovery has been so successful that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed.
【课标要求】 16. recovery n. 恢复，复苏；康复，痊愈 recover v. 恢复（健康、精神、体力）；康复，复原 The economy around the world is showing signs of recovery. The patient has made a full recovery from the operation. 17. successful adj. 成功的，如愿以偿的；事业有成的 【联想拓展】successfully adv. 成功地；顺利地 success n. 成功，胜利；成功的人（或事物）succeed v. 成功；接任；得手；继承 The small company was successful in winning the contract. We are looking forward to a long and successful partnership with other countries. 18. attempt v. 努力，尝试 n. 试图，努力；企图；（运动员创造记录的）尝试，冲击 attempt to do sthg 尝试去做：表示努力去完成某个任务或实现某个目标（但不一定能成功） The student will attempt to answer all his teacher’s questions. John passed his driving test at the first attempt. 19. delist v. 从单子上划去；删除【参考15·list】 20. loosen v. 解开；使松驰；放松 loose adj. 未固定牢的，松动的；零散的，松脱的；不受束缚的 Loosen up those tight muscles and you'll feel more relaxed. The driver told the passenger not to loosen the seat belt when he drove. 21. legal adj. 法律允许的，合法的；与法律有关的，法律的 legally adv. 按照法律，法律上；合法地 【反义词】illegal adj. 非法的，违法的；违规的 Legal action is being taken to recover the money. 22. overturn v.（使）翻倒，（使）倾覆；推翻 23. due to 由于；应归于 The country's economic problems are largely due to the weakness of the recovery. 24. lawsuit n. 诉讼，诉讼案 25. conservation groups 保护组织 conservation n. 保护，保存；节约 The benefits of conservation are both financial and aesthetic（美化）. This is the story of wildlife conservation in the age of mass extinction. Addressing this issue is crucial for the long-term conservation of mountain scapes.
Obviously, if precautions (预防) aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,” says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula.
【课标要求】 26. obviously adv.（用于强调）显然，显而易见；明显地 obvious adj. 明显的，显然的；明确表示的，毫不掩饰的 27. troublesome adj. 引起麻烦的，（尤指）令人讨厌的；（形势、问题等）麻烦的，困难的 28. in search of 寻找；搜寻 Thousands were forced to migrate（迁移）from rural to urban areas in search of work. Both humans and animals were constantly on the move, in search of food and reliable water supplies. 29. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. （1）remove…from…从……中移开/拿走 （2）attractant n.（对动物等的）引诱物、引诱剂；具有诱惑力的物质 （3）campsite n. 营地；住处 （4）typically adv. 典型地，有代表性地 typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的 be typical of典型的，具有......的特点 It is typical of Jessica to come late for school. Although he does not represent the majority, he says his opinions may be typical of many psychiatrists（心理医生）. （5）pass by走过；经过；从旁经过；逝去 30. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. （1）quarter n. 住处 （2）effective adj. 产生预期结果的，有效的；实际的，事实上的 effectively adv. 有效地；实际上 The project looks at how we could be more effective in encouraging students to enter teacher training. Longevity is at its highest, and effective health care has made old age more active and enjoyable. （3）get…away赶走；驱赶 31. biologist n. 生物学家 biology n. 生物学；生命机理 biological adj. 生物的，生物学的，生命的 32. in and around在......周围
32. How do Americans look at grizzlies
A. They cause mixed feelings in people.
B. They should be kept in national parks.
C. They are of high scientific value.
D. They are a symbol of American culture.
33. What has helped the increase of the grizzly population
A. The European settlers’ behavior.
B. The expansion of bears’ range.
C. The protection by law since 1975.
D. The support of Native Americans.
34. What has stopped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service from delisting grizzlies
A. The opposition of conservation groups.
B. The successful comeback of grizzlies.
C. The voice of the biologists.
D. The local farmers’ advocates.
35. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Food should be provided for grizzlies.
B. People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
C. A special path should be built for grizzlies.
D. Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies.
【语篇解读】本文是说明文，讲述了美国灰熊从濒危物种恢复到2,000多头，但同时也带来了一些问题。
【参考答案】32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B
【第32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche-we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams.”可知，美国人对灰熊既有害怕，又有敬畏，他们的情感是复杂的。故选A项。
【第33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. (1975年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法》)”以及第四段“Today, there are about 2, 000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted.”可推知，由于1975年起受法律保护，灰熊的数量有了增长。故选C项。
【第34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed.”可知，环保组织的的反对阻止了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局将灰熊从濒危物种名单上除名。故选A项。
【第35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，灰熊数量增长，虽然会带来一些麻烦，但是如果采取一些预防措施，人和灰熊可以和谐相处。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There is one answer. 36 .
【课标要求】 1. riddle n. 谜语；谜一般的人（或事） Scientists claimed last month to have solved the riddle of the birth of the universe. 2. traffic jams交通堵塞 3. have in common共同的，共有的 Generally speaking, excellent learners have some good habits in common. Plants are grouped into botanical "families" that have certain characteristics in common.
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
【课标要求】 4. in the Digital Age 在数码时代 5. be used to (doing) sthg习惯于（做）某事 6. at our fingertips了如指掌；在手边 7. a whole lot 非常 8. well off富裕的，经济状况良好的 better off 更好的 9. trick n. 花招，诡计，骗局；窍门，技巧；戏法，把戏 v. 欺骗，哄骗 The kids are often playing tricks on their teacher. Everything I cooked was a trick of my mother's. To get you started, we have asked five successful writers to reveal some of the tricks of the trade. His family tricked him into going to Pakistan, and once he was there, they took away his passport.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. 37 . “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
【课标要求】 10. benefit n. 好处，益处 v. 对（某人）有用，使受益；得益于，得利于 I'm a great believer in the benefits of this form of therapy（疗法）. The new regulations will be of benefit to everyone concerned. We should spend the money on something that will benefit everyone. A question will arise: who exactly stands to benefit from these changes 11. stressed adj. 焦虑的，紧张的 12. optimistic adj. 乐观的，乐观主义的 optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义 optimist n. 乐观主义者，乐天派 【反义词】pessimistic adj. 悲观的，悲观主义的 13. foster self-control培养自我控制能力
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. 38 . Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
【课标要求】 14. instant adj. 立刻的，马上的；速食的，即食的 n. 瞬间，片刻；当时，那一刻 instantly adv. 立刻，马上 conj. 一……就…… The show was an instant success. Just for an instant I thought Jack was going to refuse. I recognized Jessica the instant (=instantly/as soon as) I saw her. By means of modern technology we are able to communicate with each other instantly. 15. option n. 可选择的事物；选择，选择权；选修课 optional adj. 可选择的，选修的 16. at the time 那时候；当时，那时 17. psychology n. 心理学；心理特点，心理状态 psychological adj. 心理的，精神的；心理学的 psychologically adv. 心理上地；心理学地 psychologist n. 心理学家；心理医生 18. in the long run/term长期：指较长的时间段 Sometimes expensive drugs or other treatments can be economical in the long run. I think getting praise from strangers online isn't very useful in the long run. 19. to get into the habit of (doing) sthg. 养成习惯（做）某事 Tom has got into the habit of turning on the TV as soon as he gets home. 【联想拓展】 develop a habit of 养成……习惯 in the habit of 有……习惯 form the habit of 养成……的习惯 make a habit of 养成……习惯 kick the habit 戒除嗜好；戒掉习惯 out of habit 出于习惯 20. patience n. 耐心；耐性；忍耐力 patient adj. 能忍耐的，有耐心的 n. 病人，患者 Teaching children with special needs requires patience and understanding. It takes time and patience to photograph wildlife. 21. apply…to…适用于；把……应用于…… The new technology has been applied to farming. 22. annoying situations 烦人的环境
● 39 .
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “ 40 .” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
【课标要求】 23. belief n. 相信，信心；看法，信念，观点 believe v. 相信；认为，猜想；信教 He refuses to compete on Sundays because of his religious beliefs. I admire his passionate belief in what he is doing. It is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. 24. tolerate v. 容许，允许（不同意或不喜欢的事物）；忍受，包容 tolerance n. 忍受，容忍；（痛苦、困难等的）忍受程度，忍耐力 Jessica can no longer tolerate the position that she's in. The ability to tolerate pain varies from person to person. According to a recent study, few plants will tolerate sudden changes in temperature. The writer from Italy is known for his tolerance and understanding of diverse human nature. 25. get impatient about the circumstances对环境失去耐心 circumstance n. 条件，情况，环境；境况 Jessica never discovered the true circumstances of her birth. The company reserves the right to cancel this agreement in certain circumstances. 26. say to oneself 自言自语；对自己说 27. gradually adv. 逐渐地，逐步地
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
【参考答案】36. G 37. E 38. B 39. C 40. F
【第36题详解】根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There’s one answer.”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G项。
【第37题详解】根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.”以及后文““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E项。
【第38题详解】根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice.”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，所以B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B项。
【第39题详解】根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances.”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable，所以C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C项。
【第40题详解】根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself”以及后文“You’ll then gradually become more patient.”，再结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，所以F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we 41
there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike 42 its way down the hill toward us. It was 43 called Mario, coming to 44 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice 45 for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were 46 because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 47 things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can’t be any 48 , we thought. But we were 49 his kindness, so we 50 them.
【课标要求】 1. contain v. 包含，容纳；遏制，防止……蔓延；抑制（感情） container n. 容器；集装箱，货柜 A balanced menu must contain foods full of taste and nutrition. The first two floors of the building contain retail space（零售空间）and a restaurant. This sheet contained a list of problems a patient might like to raise with the doctor. The player was unable to contain his excitement after scoring a goal. 2. misshapen adj. 畸形的；丑恶的，怪异的 3. supermarket n. 超级市场，超市 4. cloudy adj. 多云的，阴天的；浑浊的，不清澈的
What we discovered is that it’s 51 to judge what you eat only by its 52 . Those tomatoes had 53
that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 54 perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a 55 memory of those. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can 56 them easily. Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was 57 .
【课标要求】 5. judge v. 判断，认为；裁判，评判；估计，估算 n. 法官，审判官；裁判员，评判员 Schools should not be judged only on exam results. It's difficult to judge how long the journey will take. Judging from the way he laughed as he told the story, it was meant to be humorous. 6. remind sb of sthg 使某人想起：提醒某人某事，使某人回忆起某事 That smell reminds me of panies always have to remind their customers of the name and qualities of their products by advertising. 7. memory n. 记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆 The driver suffered loss of memory for weeks after the accident. The photos bring back lots of good memories. The Dragon Boat Festival is in memory of a Chinese poet. 8. manage to do sthg 设法做到；成功地完成某事 One can always manage to do more things, no matter how full his schedule is in life. 9. come out of 从......出来；来自……
It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re 58 , and as close as possible to where they were
59 . What Mario had 60 us was the taste of the Garfagnana.
41. A. waited B. met C. camped D. stayed
42. A. making B. searching C. squeezing D. feeling
43. A. customer B. neighbor C. relative D. passenger
44. A. lend B. send C. bring D. show
45. A. choice B. comment C. promise D. gesture
46. A. worried B. moved C. thrilled D. bored
47. A. simple B. real C. shiny D. fun
48. A. more B. good C. new D. easy
49. A. sympathetic to B. thankful for C. cautious about D. interested in
50. A. tried B. sold C. returned D. mixed
51. A. unnecessary B. uncertain C. unwise D. unusual
52. A. appearance B. quality C. origin D. price
53. A. size B. shape C. color D. taste
54. A. smell B. look C. become D. work
55. A. happy B. vivid C. short D. vague
56. A clean B. check C. count D. pack
57. A. perfect B. useful C. convenient D. familiar
58. A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need
59. A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown
60. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的邻居马里奥给作者送了一盒自己种的西红柿和一瓶酒。因为西红柿畸形的外表和酒的浑浊，刚开始作者一家感觉不是很好，但是他们尝试过后，发现西红柿和酒比超里的好，这让作者明白仅仅以外表来判断食物是否好吃是不明智的。
【参考答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. A 56. D 57. A 58. C 59. D 60. B
【第41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. waited等待；B. met遇见；C. camped露营；D. stayed暂住。根据前文“Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一次住在那里。故选D项。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。
【第42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. making使；让；B. searching搜索；C. squeezing挤压；D. feeling感觉。根据后文“coming to　44　us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，摩托车是开过来给我们送东西的，所以make one’s way为固定搭配，意为“前往”。故选A项。
【第43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. customer顾客；B. neighbor邻居；C. relative亲戚；D. passenger乘客。根据前文“we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike　42 its way down the hill toward us.”以及最后一句“What Mario had 　60　　　us was the taste of the Garfagnana”可知，马里奥是从山上下来的，送来了当地的食物，可推测是作者的邻居。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。故选B项。
【第44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. lend借出；B. send发送；C. bring带来；D. show展示。根据后文“It was a very nice 　45　 for him to make.”可知，马里奥很友好，所以是给作者一家带来一个盒子。故选C项。
【第45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. choice选择；B. comment议论；C. promise诺言；D. gesture姿态。根据前文“coming to 　44　 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，马里奥给作者一家带来一盒子的西红柿和酒，所以是善意的表示。故选D项。句意：他这么做真是太好了。
【第46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. worried担心的；B. moved感动的；C. thrilled兴奋的；D. bored感到厌倦的。根据后文“because they were so misshapen”可知，西红柿是畸形的，所以作者一家很担心是否能吃。故选A项。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们是非常畸形的：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的样子。
【第47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. simple简单的；B. real真实的；C. shiny闪亮的；D. fun有趣的。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round”可知，空处是在形容超市里的西红柿，和前文的“nice, round”并列，结合选项，应是“shiny闪亮的”符合实际。故选C项。
【第48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. more更多的；B. good好的；C. new新的；D. easy容易的。根据前文“But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were 　46　 because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 　47　 things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it.”可知，作者一家认为西红柿和酒质量不好。故选B项。句意：我们想，这些肯定不好。
【第49题详解】考查形容词短语辨析A. sympathetic to同情；B. thankful for对……表示感谢；C. cautious about谨慎对待；D. interested in对……感兴趣。根据前文“It was 43 called Mario, coming to 44　us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，西红柿和酒是邻居送的，所以应该是很感谢他。故选B项。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。
【第50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. tried尝试；B. sold出售；C. returned回来；D. mixed混合。根据后文“Those tomatoes had　53　that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知，马里奥送的西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿，所以推知，他们是尝试了。故选A项。
【第51题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. unnecessary不需要的；B. uncertain无把握；C. unwise不明智的；D. unusual特别的。结合前后文，作者一家刚开始看到马里奥送的西红柿是畸形的，对其感到担心，但是后来发现，它的味道比超市的西红柿要好，所以此处应是根据外观来判断你吃的东西是不明智的。故选C项。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。
【第52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. appearance外观；B. quality质量；C. origin源头；D. price价格。根据前文“we were　46　because they were so misshapen”可知，此处应是通过外观来评判。故选A项。
【第53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. size尺寸；B. shape形状；C. color颜色；D. taste味道。根据后文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes　54　 perfect but taste of water.”可知，此处应是用马里奥送的西红柿和超市的西红柿作对比，马里奥送的西红柿外观差，但是味道好，让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿。故选D项。句意：那些西红柿的味道让我想起了我小时候叔叔种的西红柿。
【第54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. smell闻起来；B. look看起来；C. become变成；D. work工作。根据前文“not at all like the nice, round, 　47　 things you get in a supermarket.”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很完美。故选B项。句意：现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但味道像水。
【第55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. happy快乐的；B. vivid清晰的；C. short短的；D. vague模糊的。根据前文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 　54　 perfect but taste of water.”可知，超市的西红柿，看起来很好，但是吃起来像水，因此没有快乐的记忆。故选A项。句意：没有人会有那些快乐的记忆。
【第56题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. clean打扫；B. check检查；C. count计数；D. pack打包。根据前文“It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones”结合实际，可知方形的易包装。故选D项。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以方便地包装它们。
【第57题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. perfect完美的；B. useful有用的；C. convenient便利的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle”以及空前的but可知，此处表转折，结合选项，此处应是“马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的”之意，符合实际。故选A项。句意：马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的。
【第58题详解】考查介词短语辨析。A. on view在展出；B. on sale出售；C. in season当令的；D. in need困难中的。根据前文“It’s good to eat things at the correct time”可知，在当令的时候吃该食物口感是最好的。故选C项。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，并且尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是好的。
【第59题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. finished完成；B. stored贮存；C. found找到；D. grown成长。根据前文“It’s good to eat things”以及“as close as possible to where”可知，此处在讲在合适的时间吃东西是好的，根据where推断涉及地点，结合实际，应是在靠近它们生长的地方，摘下来吃，新鲜是好的，符合题意。故选D项。
【第60题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. cooked烹饪；B. given给；C. bought买；D. told告诉。根据前文“It was 　43　 called Mario, coming to 　44　 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，应该是马里奥给的西红柿和酒给作者一家带来了快乐，故选B项。句意：马里奥带给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 61 (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 62 (six) century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 63 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
【课标要求】 1. pass on 传递【参考本节·课标要求23】 Dad always hoped to pass on his love of climbing to David. "I wish to pass on the love and kindness to more blind children by working as a teacher," said Wang after she graduated from college in 2023. 2. wisdom n. 智慧，才智；明智；学问，知识 3. oral tradition 口头传统：一种通过口头传播的文化传统 4. date to/date back to/date from 追溯到 The tradition could date back to 300 BC. Most of the buildings visitors see today date back to the 18th Century.
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, 64 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, 65 (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 66 (intend) for everyone.
【课标要求】 5. seemingly adv. 貌似，看似；似乎，好像 6. be directed at针对 Policy should also be directed at shifting resources to exporters. 政策应该把经济资源导向出口企业。 The spending will be directed at improving irrigation to ensure grain security, and to combat drought and floods. 资金将用于提高灌溉效率以保障粮食收成，同时也会用于抗旱抗洪。 7. existence n. 存在，实有；生存，生活 exist v. 存在，实际上有；持续存在，生存 The theory supposes（推断；假设）the existence of life on other planets. The change of how coffee is grown endangers the existence of certain animals. 8. surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的 surroundings n. 周围环境，周围事物【要用复数形式】 Jessica adapted effortlessly to her new surroundings. The buildings have been designed to blend in（融入）with their surroundings. 9. familiar adj. 熟悉的；常见的，普通的 Most people are familiar with the figure from Wagner's film. Tom talked of other cultures as if they were more familiar to him than his own. 10. intend v. 打算，想要；意指，意思是 intend to do/doing 想要做；想要做某事 intend for 希望有或接到；打算成为…… The money is intended for the development of the tourist industry. Many fairy tales have profound（深刻的）meanings, and they're not intended for children only. A room intended for music needs to be designed differently from a room intended for drama.
67 (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 68 saving their environment.
【课标要求】 11. traditional adj. 传统的；守旧的 tradition n. 传统，惯例；传统故事，传说 12. end with 以......结束 13. accusation n. 控告，指责，谴责 accuse v. 控告，指控；指责，谴责，归咎于 14. moral n. 道德准则（标准）adj. 有关道德的；基于道德的，道义上的 15. warn (sb) of 警告；提醒某人注意某事 16. environment n. 自然环境，生态环境；周围状况 environmental adj. 自然环境的，生态环境的；环保的 17. take responsibility for (doing) sthg 负有责任；承担责任
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty 69 (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still 70 (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
【课标要求】 18. theme n. 主题；题目；内容 19. deal with simple truths about everyday life处理日常生活中的简单事实 20. weighty adj. 重的；重大的；严肃的 When it comes to women's career paths, dad's influence plays an increasingly weighty role. 21.environmental destruction 环境破坏 22. a simple literal form一种简单的文字形式 23. pass down传递，传承【参考本节·课标要求1】 24. employ v.使用，利用；雇用；忙于，从事（be employed in） The group will employ a mix of tactics（战术）to achieve its aim. More than 4,000 local workers are employed in the tourism industry. For the past three years Tom has been employed as a firefighter. 25.draw attention to 吸引对……的注意力
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。
【参考答案】61. to teach 62. sixth 63. as 64. where 65. borrowing 66. intended 67. Different 68. for 69. warning 70. be employed
【第61题详解】考查非谓语动词。to teach和后文的to pass是并列结构，故填to teach。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。
【第62题详解】考查数词。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。
【第63题详解】考查定语从句。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。
【第64题详解】考查定语从句。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。
【第65题详解】考查非谓语动词。句子结构完整，所以空格处要用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。
【第66题详解】考查非谓语动词。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。
【第67题详解】考查形容词。be different from与……不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。
【第68题详解】考查介词。take responsibility for对……负责。故填for。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。
【第69题详解】考查名词。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。句意：然而，卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。
【第70题详解】考查语态。从句主语a simple lyric form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式，已经代代相传，今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要真理的关注。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修以你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I used to afraid of insects, but last Friday’s biology class make a big change in me. In that class, Miss Zhao, our biology teacher, showed we insects on stamps. The bees, butterfly and many other insects looked lovely and beautifully on the stamps. Miss Zhao told us the names of the insects or described their living habits. She even played some recordings of their singing, what was fun. Now, I’ve come to love those of small living things. In the evening, when I take the walk in the school garden, the singing of insects become more meaningful to me.
【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经害怕昆虫，但是上星期五的生物课让作者觉得昆虫也很有趣。
【参考答案】1. to后添加be 2. make → made 3. we → us 4. butterfly → butterflies 5. beautifully → beautiful
6. or → and 7. what → which 8. 删除of 9. the → a 10. become → becomes
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72. 你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.人物简介及事迹；
2. 意义或启示。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 题目已为你写好。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Confucius is a well-known figure in Chinese history. His teachings emphasized the importance of moral values, respect for elders, and social harmony. Confucius traveled throughout the country, imparting his wisdom to countless disciples and leaving a profound impact on Chinese society.
The significance of Confucius cannot be overstated. His teachings shaped the moral and ethical foundation of Chinese culture, fostering respect for authority, harmonious relationships, and the pursuit of knowledge. Even today, his ideas continue to guide individuals and communities in China and beyond.
Confucius’s life offers valuable lessons. He stressed the self-cultivation, respect for elders, and the pursuit of knowledge, which serves as a guiding light in our fast-paced and interconnected world. His teachings remind us of the importance of integrity, compassion, and social responsibility.

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