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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Part 2高考真题长难句分析
2021浙江卷6月
2021浙江卷6月阅读理解B
We live in a town with three beaches. There are two parks less than 10 minutes' walk from home where neighbourhood children gather to play. However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen-any screen -and stare at it for hours. They are not alone. Today's children spend an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.
In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend. A couple of years ago, film-maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say "chocolate" into his three-year-old son's ear without getting a response. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed himself "marketing director for Nature". He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.
"Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference," David Bond says. "There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will be a habit for life." His own children have got into the habit of playing outside now: "We just send them out into the garden and tell them not to come back in for a while."
Summer is upon us. There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it. Let us get them out and let them play.
24. What is the problem with the author's children
A. They often annoy the neighbours. B. They are tired of doing their homework.
C. They have no friends to play with D. They stay in front of screens for too long.
25. How did David Bond advocate his idea
A. By making a documentary film. B. By organizing outdoor activities.
C. By advertising in London media. D. By creating a network of friends.
26. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "charts" in paragraph 2
A. records B. predicts C. delays D. confirms
27. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Let Children Have Fun B. Young Children Need More Free Tire
C. Market Nature to Children D. David Bond: A Role Model for Children
【词汇】
1.organization 2.counter 3.attach
4.appoint 5.document 6.common
7.evidence 8.annoy 9.advocate
10.documentary 11.predict 12.delay
13.confirm
【词汇答案】
1.organization n. 机构；组织adj. 有组织的
2.counter n. 柜台；筹码；计数器；反驳adj. 相反的adv. 与…相反地v. 反对；反击
3.attach v. 附上；系上；贴上；使依附；使附属；使附着
4.appoint v. 任命；委派；指定；约定
5.document n. 文件；公文；文档vt. 记载；(用文件等)证明
6.common adj. 常见的；共同的；普通的；平常的；平凡的；粗俗的n. 公地；平民；普通；公园
7.evidence n. 证据；证词；根据；迹象v. 证明；证实
8.annoy v. 使恼怒；使烦恼；骚扰
9.advocate v. 提倡；主张n. 拥护者；提倡者；律师；辩护者
10.documentary n. 纪录片adj. 纪实的；文件形式的
11.predict v. 预言；预报；预知；预测
12.delay v. 耽搁；推迟；延误n. 耽搁；延期；推迟
13.confirm v. 证实；批准；确定
【长难句】
1. A couple of years ago, film-maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say "chocolate" into his three-year-old son's ear without getting a response.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
句子结构分析：
此句为复合句。主句为film-maker David Bond realised， that从句为宾语从句，在宾语从句中his children were attached to screens to the point为主干，定语从句where he was able to say "chocolate" into his three-year-old son's ear without getting a response修饰名词point，point在这里是抽象地点。
翻译：几年前，电影制作人大卫·邦德意识到，当时他5岁和3岁的孩子被贴在屏幕上，以至于他能在3岁儿子的耳朵里说“巧克力”而没有得到回应。
2. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed himself "marketing director for Nature".
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
句子结构分析：
此句为复合句。主句为He realized and appointed himself "marketing director for Nature" 宾语从句that something needed to change 作realised的宾语。
翻译：他意识到有些东西需要改变，作为一名伦敦媒体人，他任命自己为“自然营销总监”。
3. There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will be a habit for life.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________
句子结构分析：此句为复合句。主句为There is a lot of really interesting evidence，其中which到结尾是定语从句，修饰名词evidence。在定语从句中，that宾语从句作为非谓语动词suggesting的宾语，宾语从句中由if引导条件状语从句，构成if sb. do …then…的结构。
翻译：有很多非常有趣的证据表明，如果孩子们在7岁之前就受到启发，那么户外活动将成为一种生活习惯。
答案与解析：
24.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen—any screen—and stare at it for hours.”可知，作者的孩子们放学后想做的第一件事就是拿起一个屏幕---任何一个屏幕---—盯着它看上几个小时。说明作者的孩子的问题是花在屏幕上的时间太多。故选D。
25.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...being a London media type, appointed himself..., a film which charts the birth of the wild Network, a group of organizations with the common goal of petting children out into nature”可知，David是一个电影导演，利用媒体来向孩子们推销大自然，记录了自己的活动，并且拍成了一部电影Project wild Thing，由此可知他是通过制作纪录片的形式来倡导自己的想法的。故选A。
26.A 词义猜测题。根据第二段划线词前面的句子“He documented his journey as he set about treating
nature a brand to be marketed to young people”可知其中的“documented”意为“记录”。因此，结合划线词后面的“the birth of the Wild Network ”可知，他的纪录片记录了一个组织的诞生，顾“charts”意为“记录”，故选A。
27.C 主旨大意题。作者通过回忆自己小时候在外面玩，以及现在自己的孩子花费在屏幕上时间太多，而不再出去玩了，过渡并叙述了很多人们意识到了这个问题，并且以电影导演 David Bond为例，拍摄纪录片，倡导让孩子们到户外，到大自然中去等，因此C项符合题意。
2021浙江卷6月阅读理解C
If you ever get the impression that your dog can "tell" whether you look content or annoyed, you may be onto something. Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces, according to a new study
Researchers trained a group of 11 dogs to distinguish between images（图像）of the same person making either a happy or an angry face. During the training stage, each dog was shown only the upper half or the lower half of the person's face. The researchers then tested the dogs' ability to distinguish between human facial expressions by showing them the other half of the person's face on images totally different from the ones used in training. The researchers found that the dogs were able to pick the angry or happy face by touching a picture of it with their noses more often than one would expect by random chance.
The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage. "We can rule out that the doge simply distinguish between the pictures based on a simple cue, such as the sight of teeth," said study author Corsin Muller. "Instead, our results suggest that the successful dogs realized that a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes, and the same rule applies to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes.”
"With our study, we think we can now confidently conclude that at least some dogs can distinguish human facial expressions," Muller told Line Science.
At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans. "To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans, which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions," and this exposure has provided them with many chances to learn to distinguish between them, Muller said.
28. The new study focused on whether dogs can_________.
A. distinguish shapes B. make sense of human faces
C. feel happy or angry D. communicate with each other
29. What can we learn about the study from paragraph 2
A. Researchers tested the dogs in random order.
B. Diverse methods were adopted during training.
C. Pictures used in the two stages were different
D. The dogs were photographed before the lest.
30. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. A suggestion for future studies. B. A possible reason for the study findings.
C. A major limitation of the study D. An explanation of the research method.
【词汇】
1.impression 2.annoyed 3.distinguish
4.facial 5.expression 6.random
7.conclude 8.explanation 9.exposure
10.diverse 11.method 12.adopt
13.major 14.limitation
【词汇答案】
1.impression n. 印象；感觉；模仿n. 印迹；印刷
2.annoyed adj. 恼怒的；气恼的
3.distinguish vt. 区别；辨认；使显著
4.facial adj. 脸部的；面部的n. 美容
5.expression n. 表情；表示；表达；词句；措辞；表现；挤压
6.random adj. 任意的；随机的；随意的n. 随意；任意adv. 随机地
7.conclude vt. 推断出；缔结；使结束vi. 结束；总结；作决定；作协议
8.explanation n. 解释；说明
9.exposure n. 暴露；揭露；胶片；曝光时间；(在电视、报纸等媒体上的)亮相；挨冻
10.diverse adj. 不同的；多种多样的
11.method n. 方法；条理n. 类函数；类成员函数（计算机）
12.adopt v. 采用；收养；接受
13.major adj. 较多的；主要的；严重的；(音乐)大调的n. 成年人；主修（科目）；陆军少校；举足轻重者v. 主修
14.limitation n. 限制；限度；缺点
【长难句】
1. The researchers then tested the dogs' ability to distinguish between human facial expressions by showing them the other half of the person's face on images totally different from the ones used in training.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
句子结构分析：
此句为简单句。主干为The researchers then tested the dogs' ability。目的状语to distinguish between human facial expressions，方式状语by showing them the other half of the person's face on images，后置定语totally different from the ones used in training修饰名词images.
翻译：研究人员随后测试了狗辨别人类面部表情的能力，方法是在与训练时使用的图像完全不同的图像上向狗展示人的另一半面部表情。
2. The researchers found that the dogs were able to pick the angry or happy face by touching a picture of it with their noses more often than one would expect by random chance.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
句子结构分析：
此句为复合句。主句为The researchers found， that往后都是宾语从句。在宾语从句中the dogs were able to pick the angry or happy face为主干，by touching a picture of it为方式状语，with their noses more often than one would expect by random chance为伴随状语。
翻译：研究人员发现，狗能够通过用鼻子触摸照片来挑选愤怒或快乐的面孔，比人们随机预期的要多。
3. The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
句子结构分析：
此句为复合句，showed后是省略that的宾语从句，在宾语从句中how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage做figured out 的宾语，此句中what they learned about human faces during training是apply的宾语，是apply A to B 的结构。
翻译：这项研究表明，这些动物已经学会了如何在测试阶段将他们在训练中学到的关于人脸的知识应用到新面孔上。
4. Instead, our results suggest that the successful dogs realized that a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes, and the same rule applies to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
句子结构分析：
此句为复合句。suggest 后面的that引导宾语从句，其中the successful dogs realized是主干，that a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes, and the same rule applies to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes共同做realized的宾语，and连接两个并列宾语，分别是a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes和the same rule applies to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes。
翻译：目前，尚不清楚为什么狗似乎具备识别人类不同面部表情的能力。相反，我们的研究结果表明，成功的狗意识到微笑的嘴和微笑的眼睛的意思是一样的，同样的规则也适用于愤怒的嘴和愤怒的眼睛的意思是一样的。
5. At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
句子结构分析：
此句为复合句，it做形式主语，真正的主语是why引导的主语从句why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans。
翻译：目前，尚不清楚为什么狗似乎具备识别人类不同面部表情的能力。
6. To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans, which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions.
句子结构分析：_______________________________________________________________________________________
翻译：_______________________________________________________________________________________
句子结构分析：此句为复合句，主句为the most likely explanation appears to be，表语从句that the basis lies in their living with humans，其中which非限制性定语从句指代their living with humans。
翻译：对我们来说，最可能的解释似乎是，它们与人类生活在一起，这让它们有机会接触到人类的面部表情。
答案与解析：
28.B 主旨大意题。根据短文首段的第二句“Dogs may inxdeed be able to distinguish betweenhappy and angry human faces, according to a new study”可知，一项新的研究表明,狗可能真地可以辨别人的表情是高兴还是愤怒，紧接着后文又详细介绍了研究过程和结论，即狗能够识别人的表情，且倒数第二段的“With our study, we think we can now confidently conclude that at leastsome dogs can distinguish human faciall expressions”一句明确给出了结论。故选B项。
29.C 细节理解。根据第二段中的“Theresearchers then tested the dogs"ability to distinguish between human facial expressions byshowing them the other half of the person 's face or images totally different from the ones used intraining”可知，研究者给狗展示了与以往训练完全不同的人脸(或图片)的另一部分。故选C项。
30.B 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“...why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facialexpressions in hurmans”可知最后一段解释了为什么看起来狗具备识别人类表情的能力，也就是为什么会有这样的实验研究结论。故选B项。
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