资源简介

8BU4 Past and present
1.Have you decided what to do with these books？
decide to do
what to do with ＝ how to deal with 意为“怎样处理”。注意疑问词what和动词do搭配，疑问词how和动词deal搭配。如：
Eg:1)What are we going to do with the problem
2)— Many Westerners think everyone in China knows how to do kung fu.
— This is, of course, a silly belief. But it is true that kung fu is a big part of Chinese culture.
2.I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge.
have to do
reach够得着
3.I’m reading a book about Germany in World War II.I’m interested in history book.They improve my knowledge of the past.
Germany n. 德国
German adj.“德国(人)的”；n.“德国人”。常见的国家名称和某国人的单复数形式：
国家名称 某国人(单数) 某国人(复数)
Germany German Germans
America American Americans
Australia Australian Australians
Canada Canadian Canadians
France Frenchman Frenchmen
Frenchwoman Frenchwomen
England Englishman Englishmen
Englishwoman Englishwomen
China Chinese Chinese
Japan Japanese Japanese
(法国人、英国人的复数形式是将a改为e；德国人的复数形式并不是将a改为e；中国人、日本人单复数形式相同。)
eg: 1)Our new English teacher comes from a small Canadian town.
2)Many foreigners came to our school last week, including three German and four Americans．
3)Sandy is an Australian girl. She came to China for travelling with her parents last week.
4)My best friend comes from Japan，but now he lives in England．
4.After our ship crashed against the rocks，I swam as far as I could.
against prep. 紧靠，碰，撞 .介词，不是动词，不能单独作谓语。 against还表示“和……比赛；反对”。
Eg:(无锡江阴澄要片模拟)— Why isn't he showing up at the birthday party
— He is racing against the clock to finish his report on his project.
5.....I swam as far as I could.
He was the same size as my little finger!
I am not as shy as I used to be.....
as far as I could“尽我所能地远”使用的是结构“As +形容词/副词+as”
The same.... as.... “与....一样”
Eg:It is not as difficult as I thought.
My coat is the same colour as hers,but it is a different size.
6.By the time I finally felt the land under my feet,I was tired out.
feel-felt
tired out
Eg；I felt something on my legs.
He was tired out after swimming for a long time.
7.I fell down on the beach and went to sleep.
...the loud noise made them all fall over
fall-fell
fall down fall over
Eg:The tiny men all fell over.
8.I woke up as the sun was rising,...
as随着 rise 上升 vi.
9.My arms,legs and hair were tied to the ground.
tie-tying
10.It moved up over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face.
Don’t wake me up until you finish building it.9A
You won’t find anything unusual about him until you know more
until 直到……为止，相当于till。
长动作+Until，“直到……为止”；not +短动作+until“直到……才”。可与after, before等引导的时间状语从句进行句型转换。
Eg: I don’t believe it until I see it with my own eyes.
We knew nothing about black holes(黑洞) until we learnt about it from the scientists.
Eg:— Mum, when can I go to sports centre to play football with my friends
— __________.
Until you finish your homework B. Until you will finish your homework
C. Not until you finish your homework D. Not until you will finish your homework
11.Soon more small men started climbing all over me.
One of these small men began talking to me,...
When I lifted my left hand into the air,the small men began to shout.
start/begin to do sth doing
12.I didn’t know what to say either.
either 也，否定句句尾
as well, too, also与either 也
as well常用于口语，用法与too相同，位于句尾，但前面通常不用逗号；
too是普通用词，也用于口语，常置于句尾；
also是较正式的用语，位于be动词、助动词、情态动词后，行为动词前；
either表示“也”时，只用于否定句，且置于句尾。
Eg:.1) — Excuse me. Do you know how to check out a book
— Sorry, I don't know, either．
2)We had fun and learnt something new as well. We had a good time.
13.However,they soon got up again and continued moving across my body.
continue doing sth继续做 continue to do
Eg:The rain continued falling/to fall all afternoon.
14.I tried to pull one hand free and finally managed to break the ropes.
try to do sth. 尽力去做某事”，强调尽力去做，但不一定成功；
manage to do sth. “设法完成某事”，强调经过努力完成某件事。
Eg:In the summer camp, the boy learned to manage all kinds of difficulties.
He managed to break the rope.
15.When I lifted my left hand into the air,the small men began to shout.
16.He was tired out after swimming for a long time.
You should read some reviews about the book before writing.
before/after doing
Eg；After reading the book,I am not as shy as I used to be and I am willing to try new things.
On weekdays,I usually read for about half an hour before going to bed.
17.He saw a huge army of tiny people coming towards him.
see sb doing sth
a huge army of tiny people
18.Mr Wu has recommended so many interesting books.
recommend
so many interesting books
19.You can write anything about your book-what the book is about,what you think of it and so on.
and so on
20. All the publishing houses refused to publish it.
refuse vt. & vi. 拒绝，回绝
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事； “refuse ＋ that从句”表示“拒绝……”。
Eg：Mrs. Green refuses sweet food. She doesn't want to get fat.
21.The first Harry Potter book is a great success at the beginning.
Success[U]“成功；胜利；发财；成名”;[C]“成功的人(或事物)”
v. adj. adv.
相关词组：
succeed in doing sth.
＝ be successful in doing sth.
＝ have success in doing sth.
＝ do sth. successfully 做某事获得成功
Eg:盐城You need not only talent but also hard work to become a (success) football player.
(呼和浩特)Frederick (success) entered the final competition last month. His hobby has brought him success.
梁丰. —The volunteers really provided the athletes with support.
—Exactly. (success) they helped make the event!
22.It has been translated into about 70 languages.
be translated into
23. How many books can I borrow at a time
24.I also want to travel and have exciting experiences in the future.
experience 【U】“经验”;【C】“经历” ;【V】“体验，经历”
adj. ;在……方面有经验
an unpleasant experience 一次不愉快的经历
experience pleasure 体验乐趣
Eg:1)— I don't know how to use the app Fun Dubbing.
— Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of (experience)in doing it.
This March, the weather in Wuxi was really changeable. People still remember they (experience) four seasons in a week.
25.The four great classical Chinese novels are my favourite.
26.It is opposite my home.
重点语法
课文
Have you decided what to do with these books？
I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge.
I didn’t know what to say either.
I tried to pull one hand free and finally managed to break the ropes.
...the small men began to shout.
I didn’t know how to get away.
Daniel did not know who to talk to about this book.
Sandy is wondering where to ask for help.
They are discussing which colour to paint the wall.
You can ask your parents how much money to take with you.
...but remember to bring your student card.
Suzy plans to read the Harry Potter series.
All the publishing house refused to publish it
I don’t know where to find them.
Can you tell me how to renew them
Moreover I have decided to write down my own stories.
We meet together and discuss what to read.
LiHai didn’t know what to expect before he became a volunteer.8BU6
考点1 特殊疑问词＋动词不定式
1. “特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”的结构相当于一个名词，在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语和同位语等成分。大部分特殊疑问词可用于该结构，如when, how, which, where, who等。注意：疑问词why不能用于该结构。
Where to go is still a question. (作主语；作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式)
I know where to find the boy. (作动词know的宾语)
The question is how to learn English well. (作表语)
2.“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”的结构经常用在某些动词(短语)后面作宾语，常见的有tell, show, know, learn, teach, forget, wonder, remember, find out,advise,ask,decide,discuss,think,
understand,wonder等。
Eg:1)— I'll show you how to do it.— Thank you.
2)There's no difference between the two words, so I can't tell you which to choose ．
3)Lily does not know who to talk to about the problems.
4)江阴一中/格物. Daniel doesn’t know who to talk to about this history book.
5)Excuse me.Would you please tell me where to buy a digital camera
6)(·南通)Suzy didn't know when she would take a boat trip on the lake.
=Suzy didn't know ________ ________ take a boat trip on the lake.
7)(黔南三州)The girls don't know what they can do next.
=The girls don't know what ________ ________ next.
8) — The problem is too hard. I don't know how to work it out.
— You can ask your teachers for help.
3.“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”的结构还可以用在be sure, be clear等后面作宾语。如：
I'm not sure when to leave.
4. “特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构可以把复合句转换为简单句。如：
I don't know what I'll do next. ＝ I don't know what to do next.
5. “特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”的结构可以独立成句。如：
What to do 做什么？
How to get rid of the trouble 如何摆脱困境？
考点2 must和have to的用法
must表示主观的意愿或命令，语气强烈;
mustn't，意为“禁止，不可以”;
have to表示客观的义务或需要，“必须，不得不”，其否定形式为don't have to，表示“不必，不需要”。一般现在时的句子中主语为第三人称单数时，则要用has to, doesn't have to。
Eg:1)We students must work hard.
2)My bike is broken today. I have to walk to school.
3)— Must I stay here — No, you needn't./No, you don't have to.
4) (南充)— Mum, may I play computer games this evening
— No way, you must finish your homework.
5)(天津)You mustn't walk on the wet hill path because you might fall and hurt yourself.

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