2024届高考英语复习主题之英语词汇记忆法 构词法课件(共34张)

资源下载
  1. 二一教育资源

2024届高考英语复习主题之英语词汇记忆法 构词法课件(共34张)

资源简介

(共34张PPT)
高考英语复习主题之---
英语词汇记忆法
Guessing new words
ambulance
n. 救护车
ponderous
adj.胖的要死
indoorsman
n.宅男
gelivable
adj.给力的
seckill
v.n.秒杀
transplant
v.嫁接、移植
broaden
v.拓宽
1. time-travel TV drama
2. group purchasing
3. daddy-is-the-key
猜猜看——最时髦的网络流行语之合成法
拼爹
穿越剧
团购
把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新
词, 这种构词的方法叫做合成法
1. 直接写在一起。
2. 用连字符(-)连接。
4. disclose one’s secret
5. Microblog
6. It's all floating cloud.
7. envious, jealous and hateful
.
猜猜看——最时髦的网络流行语之派生法
神马都是浮云
微博
吐槽
前缀:一般只改变词义,不改变词类
后缀:一般只改变词类,不引起词义变化
羡慕嫉妒恨
转化法(Conversion)
taste
n. 味道
v.尝起来
{
It has a good taste.
It tastes very good.
record
n.记录
v. 记录
{
He broke the record.
He records something while reading a book.
猜猜看——最时髦的网络流行语之缩略、简写
11.PRC
12.NBA
13.EQ 、IQ
People's Republic of China中华人民共和国
National Basketball Association 北美篮球联盟
Emotional Quotient
情商
Intelligence Quotient智商
Word-formation
合成法
派生法
转化法
缩写和简写
合成(compounding)
合成法:
合成名词
合成形容词
{
构词方式 例词
blood-test验血,she-wolf母狼mass- 批量生产
handwriting,
shorthand速记
freezing-point, reading room
washroom,
breakthrough突破,
outbreak
名词/代词+名词
名词+动名词
形容词+名词
动名词+名词
动词+名词
动词+副词
副词+动词
production
爆发
2.合成形容词
构成方式 例词
noble-minded, three-legged
good-looking, fine-sounding动听的
high-class高级的,large-scale大规模的
duty-free免税的,airsick晕机的
形容词/数词+名词+ed
形容词+现在分词
形容词+名词
名词+形容词
peace-loving, English-speaking
man-made, snow-covered
hard-working, far-reaching深远的
well-known, widespread广泛流传的
four-day四天的, five-year
名词+现在分词
名词+过去分词
副词+现在分词
副词+过去分词
数词+名词
2017.全国卷3:The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between .
根据合成词中的high(高的)和light(灯光)推测,highlight的意思是(强光)。转化为一个动词,与differences搭配,意思为—— ( vt. 突出;强调)
2016.全国卷2: But the truth is that you can have last night’s leftovers in the morning if you want to.
根据合成词中的left(剩下的)和over(过量)推测,leftovers的意思是——(n. 遗留;剩余物;吃剩的食物)
高考经典回顾
派生法



前缀
后缀
否定前缀
其他前缀
名词后缀
形容词后缀
副词后缀
动词后缀
高考经典回顾
2018全国卷1- To avoid knee pain ,you can run out of soft surface ,do exercise to 68_ (strength)your leg muscles... Running is cheap ,easy and it is always 69_(energy).
2017全国卷2- This development was only possible with the 69_(introduce)of electic-powered engines and lifts.
常见的四种否定前缀:
Un-, in/im/il/ir-, dis-, mis-
前 缀 意 义 用 法 例 词
un- 不,未 (=not) 加在形容词或副词前 unnecessary, unexpected, unusual
相反动作 加在动词前 Uncover, unlock, undress
in-,il-, im-,ir- 不,非, 无 加在形容词或其派生的名词或副词前 incomplete, impossible. impolite, irregular,
illegal,illogical
前缀
常见的四种否定前缀:
Un-, in/im/il/ir-, dis-, mis-
前 缀 意 义 用 法 例 词
dis- 表示否定 加在名词或形容词、动词前 dishonour, disease
dislike, disbelieve
mis- 表示错误 加在名词、动词或及其派生词前 mistake,
mislead, misunderstanding,
mishandle
前缀
其他前缀:
前 缀 意 义 用 法 例 词
re- 表示:再一次,重新 用于动词及派生名词名词、形容词及其它名词前(= again) renew, reborn, rebuild, reappear, retell
fore- 表示:时间或位置的“在前面” 加在动词或名词前 (= before) foresee, foreleg, forehead, foreword
pre- 表示:在前、事先、预先 加在名词或形容词前 (=before, in front, in advance) prepay, prewar, preschool, prehistory
前缀
其他前缀:
前 缀 意 义 用 法 例 词
post- 表示:时间和顺序的“在后边” 加在名词或形容词前 (= after, behind) post-war,
postmodern
postgraduate
inter- 表示: “互相” “在…间” 加在名词、形容词前构成动词 (= between, among) interchange, international, interact
interdependent
super- 表示:高级、在之上,“超” 加在名词前 (= above, over, upon) supermarket,
supernatural
前缀
其他前缀:
前 缀 意 义 例 词
ex- “前任” ex-president; ex-wife
“向外”=out exclude; express; exit; export
mini- “短的”“小的” Minibus; miniskirt; minicomputer
anti- “防,防止;抗” antibody; antifreeze; Anti-Japanese
前缀
后缀(Suffixes)
后缀是加在词根或单词后面的部分。后缀分为四种:
1)名词后缀;
2)形容词后缀;
3)动词后缀;
4)副词后缀
1)名词后缀
名词后缀有许多种,下面略举数种为例:表人,物,抽象名词等
-er worker(工人)
-ist artist(艺术家)
-or tractor(拖拉机)
-hood childhood(童年)
-ship friendship(友谊)
2)形容词后缀
表示一种事物具有或属于某种性质或状态,表意义“是……的”,“似……的”…
-ous famous(著名的)
-ful powerful(强有力的)
-y hilly(多山的)
-proof water-proof (防水的)
2)形容词后缀
-ed (动词后加ed表具有): excited, amazed
-ful (名词后加ful表充满): hopeful, thankful
-less (名词后面加less, 表没有……的):
careless, useless
-like (表“像”): childlike
-ly (表特色、“每”): motherly, daily
-y (表具有……特征): sandy
-able, -ive (动词转形容词): changeable, attractive
3)动词后缀
表示“使成为……”,“致使”,“做……”,“化”,“变成……”等,如:
-fy glorify(使光荣)
-ize modernize(现代化)
-en lengthen(延长)
-ate discriminate(区分)
高考经典回顾
2018全国卷1- To avoid knee pain ,you can run out of soft surface ,do exercise to 68_ (strength)your leg muscles... Running is cheap ,easy and it is always 69_(energy).
2017全国卷2- This development was only possible with the 69_(introduce)of electic-powered engines and lifts.
4)副词后缀
表示方式、方向、性质、状态等,如:
-wise clockwise(顺时针方向的)
-ways crossways(交叉地)
-wards southwards(向南)
-ly happily(幸福地) 附:技巧
例二:Shopkeepers in Modbury population 1,500, agreed to stop handing out disposable plastic bags to customers on Saturday. They said paper sacks and cloth carrier bags would be offered instead.
The underlined word "disposable" in the passage probably means_______.
acceptable B. valuable
C. throw-away D. long-lasting
答案C。Disposable=dis+pos+able,其中pos=place;put,dis=apart,able表示可能的,这就有了可任意处置、用完即丢的含义。
常见的转化形式:
转化法
考点梳理
名词→动词 button纽扣→button扣上纽扣
形容词→动词 correct正确的→correct改正
动词→名词 feed喂养→feed一餐,一顿
形容词→名词 native本地的→native本地人
副词→动词 up在上面→up提高
1.You are not alone,and we are all ________ (back) you.
2.He finished his task,walked out of the office and ________(head) for the coffee house.
3.The little boy succeeded in ________(clear) the table.
4.The green hand was ______(fine) many times for his breaking traffic laws.
5.When you’re swinging,you should hold the rope ________(firm).
Fill in the blanks.
firmly
举一反三
backing
headed
clearing
fined
二、请使用able的正确形式填空。
1. Computers _______ people to get more information more quickly.
2. He is ________ to discriminate colors. He is color-blind.
3 .Her lack of experience is a severe________.
enable
unable
disability
4. An accident ________ him from playing football.
5. Deaf people and dumb people are _________ .
disabled
disabled
三、请使用like的正确形式填空。
1. I have taken a strong ______ of him.
2.She is not ______ to come next month.
3. Great minds think_______ .
4. How do you ____ this book
5. It was very ____________ that he would do that.
dislike/like
likely
alike
like
unlikely/likely
6. I ______ being disturbed.
7. Everyone has his _____ and_______ .
8.___________ the rest of her family, she is outgoing and easy to get along with.
dislike
dislikes
likes
Unlike/ Like
That’s all.
Thank you!

展开更多......

收起↑

资源预览