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中职高三英语阅读练习 （四十二）垃圾分类
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读单选
When throwing away rubbish, do you know which bin it should go into Have you ever noticed the differently-colored bins on the street
Some of you might not be able to answer this question. However, it’s quite important to know how to sort (分类) your waste. Not knowing how to sort waste can make it harder to save energy and protect the environment. If you don’t sort your waste, all of it will go to a landfill and be buried (埋葬) together. The electronic waste you throw away, such as batteries (电池), can pollute the land and groundwater. Other pieces of rubbish, like the metal part of a pen, can be used to make into other things if they are properly recycled.
With this in mind, our school is now requiring every student to form a habit of sorting the waste. Here in our schoolyard we lay four different colors of rubbish bins for different kinds of rubbish. The red is for harmful waste which includes things like medicine, batteries and so on. The blue is for waste like paper, metal, glass and other things that can be recycled. The green is for kitchen waste which is known as wet waste, such as food and soup left after having meals. The yellow is for other dry waste like plastic bags. Dry waste is not wet, recyclable or harmful.
Now that you know this, perhaps you can do your part to protect the environment and encourage others to sort their waste.
1．A landfill is a place ________.
A．to plant trees B．to bury waste C．to save energy D．to eat meals
2．Paragraph (段) 2 mainly tells us ________.
A．the importance of sorting waste B．the use of batteries
C．the ways of burying waste D．the value of landfills
3．Which bin should glass be put in
A．The red bin. B．The blue bin. C．The green bin. D．The yellow bin.
4．Used plastic bags belong to ________.
A．wet waste B．recyclable waste C．dry waste D．electronic waste
5．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To ask people to recycle waste. B．To introduce differently-colored bins.
C．To tell us the pollution caused by waste. D．To encourage people to sort waste.
It is important to sort（分类）your rubbish. If you sort your rubbish, you are helping to protect the environment and save our earth. If you don’t do this, the rubbish will be everywhere and we can’t plant things on it. Some kinds of rubbish will pollute the soil（泥土）and the water. For example, the bad things in phones can run out and pollute the ground. Other rubbish, like some parts of pens, can be used to make other things.
Here are four kinds of rubbish:
Recyclable（可循环的）: Things that can be reused, such as paper, metal（金属）, glass and old clothes.
Wet: It is also called “household waste”. “You don’t want these things but pigs can eat,” Guangzhou Daily said.
Harmful（有害的): such as medicine, batteries（电池）and phones. If you throw them away, they may pollute the soil and water.
Others: It is also called “Dry”. Any waste that doesn’t belong to Wet, Recyclable or Harmful.
6．How many kinds of rubbish can we sort
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
7．Which kind of rubbish do the useless phones belong to
A．Harmful. B．Wet. C．Dry. D．Recyclable.
8．Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the “Wet”
A．Pigs can eat it. B．It will pollute the soil and water.
C．We can call it “household waste”. D．Banana skin is one kind of Wet rubbish.
9．What will happen if we don’t sort the rubbish
A．We will have fewer places to grow plants. B．We will have a better environment.
C．We are helping to save our earth. D．All of the rubbish will pollute the soil and the water.
10．Where can we find this article
A．A movie. B．A newspaper. C．A story book. D．A dictionary
If you are in Shanghai and want to throw away a cup of milk tea, be careful. You need to follow these steps: first, pour out any leftover into a wet waste bin; second, put the paper wrapper into a recyclable waste bin; third, throw the single -use cup into a dry waste bin.
Sound difficult and annoying You’ll have to get used to it. From July 1st, 2019 on, people in Shanghai were required to sort their garbage according to strict rules.
Why should we sort our garbage The answer lies in the increasing amount of waste we are producing. Chinese cities produce over 200 million tons of waste each year, according to China Economic Net. Most of this waste is buried in landfills, which may pollute the water and soil. Moreover, we are running out of space of new landfills.
In fact, more than half of our waste can be recycled. Recyclable garbage can be made into new materials. For example, wet garbage can be used to make gas, heat and many other kinds of useful things. But in order to recycle garbage efficiently, we need to sort our garbage.
Can’t garbage-processing companies do the sorting job They can. But that requires a lot of work and costs lots of money. Things will become much easier if each of us can sort our own garbage. Besides, the annoying task of sorting might encourage people to produce less waste. Do you still want to buy that milk tea
11．If you want to throw a drink bottle, which of the following dustbins should you throw in
A．The recyclable waste bin. B．The hazardous waste bin.
C．The dry waste bin. D．The wet waste bin.
12．When did people in Shanghai start to sort their garbage
A．From June 1st on. B．From June 10th on. C．From July 1st on. D．From July 10th on.
13．What does the underlined word “landfills” mean in Chinese
A．沙漠 B．森林地区 C．郊区 D．垃圾填埋场
14．What can be used to make gas and heat
A．Wet garbage. B．Dry garbage. C．Recyclable garbage. D．Harmful garbage.
Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy (垃圾分类政策) on July 1, 2019. People there need to put different kinds of garbage into different bins. Other cities in China will do the same soon.
Garbage sorting is a big problem because there is too much garbage these days. It is bad for our environment. In fact, we can make use of some garbage again. But first, we need to sort it.
For example, if you put an old battery (电池) into the “harmful waste” bin, people can use it to make new batteries. But if you don’t, the battery will end up somewhere else. Then, it will pollute the environment.
Garbage sorting and recycling around the world
Germany: There are big machines in supermarkets. You can put bottles in the machines and get money back.
Japan: A truck playing music comes to people’s doors to pick up their garbage. There are eight or more kinds of garbage. If you sort any of them wrong, you will get a notice on your door.
Indonesia: People can take buses for free if they give plastic bottles to bus stations. An hour-long bus ride costs three large bottles.
Four kinds of garbage in Shanghai
Recyclable garbage includes paper, books, plastic items, and glass bottles. Harmful garbage includes lamps, batteries, and other things with harmful chemicals. Wet garbage usually comes from the kitchen, such as food and vegetables. Dry garbage is anything you cannot put into the other three bins such as pens and towels.
15．What can we learn from Paragraph 1
A．Many countries take Shanghai’s garbage-sorting policy.
B．Many other cities in China have garbage-sorting policies.
C．Shanghai is the first city in China to make a garbage-sorting policy.
D．China is the first country in the world to make a garbage-sorting policy.
16．The writer gives the “battery” example to tell us ________.
A．the importance of garbage sorting B．how to sort our garbage
C．what harmful waste is D．the difficulty of garbage sorting
17．If you ________, you can take a free bus ride in Indonesia.
A．put bottles in a machine B．put garbage into different bins
C．get a notice on the door D．take plastic bottles to the station
18．Which bin should “newspapers” go to
A． B． C． D．
19．Which is the best title for the passage
A．Sort Garbage, Save the Earth B．Less Garbage, Cleaner Environment
C．Clean Shanghai, Beautiful China D．Different Countries, Different Policies
参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了垃圾分类的重要性及垃圾分类的方法。
1．细节理解题。根据“If you don’t sort your waste, all of it will go to a landfill and be buried (埋葬) together”可知，垃圾都会堆放到这里并且掩埋，因此判断“landfill”是埋垃圾的地方。故选B。
2．段落大意题。根据“However, it’s quite important to know how to sort (分类) your waste. Not knowing how to sort waste can make it harder to save energy...”可知，本段主要关于垃圾分类的重要性。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“The blue is for waste like paper, metal, glass and other things that can be recycled”可知，玻璃要放入蓝色垃圾箱里。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“The yellow is for other dry waste like plastic bags”可知，塑料袋是干垃圾。故选C。
5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了垃圾分类的重要性及垃圾分类的方法，主要目的是鼓励人们进行垃圾分类。故选D。
6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍如何进行“垃圾分类”的细则，主要介绍4种垃圾的分类。
6．细节理解题。根据表格上一句“Here are four kinds of rubbish”可知一共有4种垃圾分类方式。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据表格第三行“Harmful（有害的): such as medicine, batteries（电池）and phones.”可知手机是属于有害垃圾。故选A。
8．细节理解题。根据表格第二行“Wet: It is also called “household waste”. “You don’t want these things but pigs can eat,” Guangzhou Daily said.”可知湿垃圾也是厨余垃圾，即我们不要但猪能吃的东西，果皮也属于湿垃圾。又根据表格第三行“Harmful（有害的): such as medicine, batteries（电池）and phones. If you throw them away, they may pollute the soil and water.”可知选项B. It will pollute the soil and water.表示“它会污染土壤和水源”，指的应是“有害垃圾”，因此其表述不符合对“湿垃圾”的描述。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“If you sort your rubbish, you are helping to protect the environment and save our earth. If you don’t do this, the rubbish will be everywhere and we can’t plant things on it.”可知，进行垃圾分类，是在保护环境，保护地球。但是如果不进行垃圾分类，那么到处都是垃圾，我们可能会失去可以种植的地方。故选A。
10．推理判断题。本文是一篇社科文，是在对“垃圾分类”的知识进行科普，因此有可能出现在报纸的版面上。故选B。
11．A 12．C 13．D 14．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了上海的垃圾分类规则以及我们应该进行垃圾分类的原因。
11．细节理解题。根据“In fact, more than half of our waste can be recycled. Recyclable garbage can be made into new materials. ”并结合生活常识可知，饮料瓶属于可回收垃圾，应放入可回收垃圾桶。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“From July 1st, 2019 on, people in Shanghai were required to sort their garbage according to strict rules.”可知，从7月1日起，上海市民被要求严格按照规定进行垃圾分类。故选C。
13．词义猜测题。根据“Most of this waste is buried in landfills, which may pollute the water and soil.”可知，在这个地方大部分垃圾被掩埋，会污染水和土壤，所以推测“landfills”意为“垃圾填埋场”。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据“ For example, wet garbage can be used to make gas, heat and many other kinds of useful things.”可知，湿垃圾可以用来制造燃气、热能和许多其他有用的东西。故选A。
15．C 16．A 17．D 18．B 19．A
【导语】本文介绍了实施垃圾分类的原因以及世界上其他国家和我国上海的垃圾分类和回收政策。
15．推理判断题。根据“Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy (垃圾分类政策) on July 1, 2019.”和“Other cities in China will do the same soon.”可知，2019年7月1日上海开始实施垃圾分类政策，中国的其他城市不久之后也会这样做。故可推知上海是中国第一个实施垃圾分类政策的城市。故选C。
16．细节理解题。根据“For example, if you put an old battery (电池) into the “harmful waste” bin, people can use it to make new batteries. But if you don’t, the battery will end up somewhere else. Then, it will pollute the environment.”可知，电池如果被放入有害垃圾分类箱会得到合理的回收利用，如果被扔到其他分类箱会污染环境。由此可知作者举这个例子是为了告诉我们垃圾分类的重要性。故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据“People can take buses for free if they give plastic bottles to bus stations. An hour-long bus ride costs three large bottles.”可知，在印度尼西亚，人们如果把塑料瓶交给公交车站，就可以免费乘坐公交车。故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据“Recyclable garbage includes paper,…”可知，纸类垃圾属于可回收垃圾，报纸属于纸类，故它属于可回收垃圾。故选B。
19．最佳标题题。本文介绍了实施垃圾分类的原因以及世界上其他国家和我国上海的垃圾分类和回收政策。故A项“垃圾分类，拯救地球”最符合文意，是最佳标题；B、C、D项均未明确提到本文的中心——垃圾分类。故选A。
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