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西安市碑林区2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试
英语试卷
时间：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A.f19.15.
B.f 9.18.
C.f 9.15.
答案是C。
1.Where does the conversation probably take place
A.In a shop.B.At the airport.C.In a cinema.
2.How does the man usually go to the airport
A.By car.B.By bus.C.By taxi.
3.What time did the woman set for
A.8:00.B.8:15.C.8:30.
4.What makes the woman believe the medicine
A.A newspaper.B.A doctor.C.A TV advertisement.
5. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student.
B.Doctor and patient.
C. Husband and wife.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did the woman do
A.She practiced swimming.
B.She prepared for the exams.
C. She went for a walk with the man.
7.Where is the man probably going
A. The gym.B.The swimming pool.C. The dining hall.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.How does the man like dance music .
A.Serious.B.Peaceful.C.Lively.
9.Which kind of music does good to students according to the woman
A.Classical music.B. Folk music.C.Dance music.
10.When does the woman prefer to listen to folk music
A. As working in the office. B.In the early morning.C. In the evenings.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Who has influenced the man most in sports
A.His mother.B.His best friend.C.His PE teacher.
12.What does the woman think of the man's answers
A.They're astonishing.
B. They're satisfying
C.They're off the point.
13.What does the man think is very important in sports
A.Teaching students to be good losers.
B.Motivating students to train hard.
C. Making students love all sports activities.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14.What does the woman do
A.A teacher.B.A doctor.C.A manager.
15.What did the woman major in at university
A.Engineering.B.Computers.C.Management.
16.What does the woman like about her work
A. The business travel.
B.The long vacation time.
C. The flexible working hours.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.How many more hours do children spend on TV than in a classroom
A.6,000 hours.B.12,000 hours.C.18,000 hours.
18.What is "Sesame Street" according to the passage
A.A program for cartoon.
B.An educational program.
C.A entertaining program.
19.What is the main idea of the passage
A.Children should watch less TV.
B. TV commercials should be cut down.
C.US TV programs are good for children.
20. What will be the result of children seeing hours of TV every day
A.They will forget their homework.
B.They will follow the TV programs.
C.They will become inactive and dull.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four of the Best Art Competitions to Enter in 2023
If you're creating amazing art but feeling it difficult to gain exposure, art contests are a great opporunity for publicity. Ready to show off your art to the world Check out our guide to some of the best art contests to enter this year.
The Lumen Prize for Digital Art
Prize:$4,000 first prize
Entry Fee:$40 for two works
This digital art competition is organized by Lumen Art Projects Ltd, a non-profit organization that's committed to providing new opportunities for digital artists around the world. The only requirement is that the submitted artworks must somehow engage with technology.
World Illustration Awards
Prize: A cash prize of f2,000
Entry Fee:f29 per entry
Anyone who's into illustration is bound to have heard of the famous World Illustration Awards. Illustrators are invited to submit works published since 2018. Winners will not only win a cash prize, but they'll be offered invaluable global exposure, such as a marketing package in the Directory of Illustration.
Beautiful Bizarre Art Prize
Prize: Over $50,000 in cash
Entry Fee:$40 per entry
The Beautiful Bizarre Art Prize is an annual international art prize that celebrates diversity and excellence in the visual arts. It aims to inspire creatives from around the world to enter the art profession through funding and increased exposure of their works.
The Sunny Art Prize
Prize: A total cash fund of f6,000
Entry Fee: f25 for one artwork
One of the most inclusive and diverse art competitions in the UK, the Sunny Art Prize offers unique exposure for both emerging and established artists. Winners will have an opportunity to produce their works during a month-long residency in China.
21. How much should you pay to submit two works to the Lumen Prize for Digital Art
A.$40. B.$60. C.$66. D.$80.
22.Which is the best choice if you pursue a career in art
A.The Sunny Art Prize.
B.World Illustration Awards.
C.Beautiful Bizarre Art Prize.
D.The Lumen Prize for Digital Art.
23.What will the winners of the Sunny Art Prize be awarded apart from cash prizes
A.A marketing package for their artworks.
B. Creating their works for a month in China.
C. Access to technology related to digital art.
D.Connecting with artists worldwide and more exposure.
B
It's become an accepted part of keeping up to date with extended family and friends, but if school children were in their parents' shoes, the majority wouldn't share posts of their sons and daughters online. Over 55% said they would not upload news about, or images of, their children to their social media feeds, according to survey of over 16,000 pupils by Votes for Schools.
While some were concerned about being embarrassed or the longevity of content which could remain online indefinitely, others expressed concern about their personal data being compromised. One of the pupils surveyed said,"Although our parents mean well, sometimes the consequence of a post can be disastrous."
In response to the survey, children's mental health charity Place2Be and law firm Mishcon de Reya have produced three films ahead of the Christmas holidays——the best period for parental oversharing.
In one video, about safety online, 10-year-old Adavan said,"If you share anything with your family, you know who's going to see it. But if you share it publicly, there are millions of people who can see your picture.”
Joe Hancock, a security lead at Mishcon de Reya, encouraged parents to share wisely."Simple steps, such as checking your privacy settings and asking others not to share content of your children on their accounts if they have not updated their privacy settings, are a good start. And, as we found out from the children during filming, having their permission is key,"he said.
The study marks a shift away from the usual debate about teaching children to use the internet safely. SandraDavis, head of the law firm's family department, said,"Children are the experts on the real and immediate impact of sharenting(晒娃)——the full extent of which we cannot know yet. We must ensure we listen to children and take their views into consideration now in order to avoid any unintended consequences further down the line.”
24.What's most pupils' attitude towards sharing posts about children
A.Skeptical. B. Unconcerned. C.Tolerant. D.Unwilling.
25.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2
A.Summarize the previous paragraph.
B.Provide some advice for parents.
C. Predict the consequence of sharing posts.
D.Give reasons for the result of the survey.
26.What should parents first pay attention to according to Joe Hancock
A.Safety. B.Consequence. C.Wisdom. D.Health.
27.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.Parents should take children's opinions into account.
B.Parents should teach children to use the Internet safely.
C. Children must make sure to listen to their parents.
D.Children should avoid unintended consequences of sharenting.
C
In southeastern Brazil, local fishers walk into dark waters in search of mullet (鲐鱼). On their own, it would be tricky to find the silvery fish. But the humans get help from an unusual partner: wild bottlenose dolphins.
With nets in hand, the fishers patiently wait as their celacean(鲸类的) partners drive the fish toward the shore.A signal from the dolphins—usually a deep dive—indicates when they should cast their nets. This fishing partnership has passed down through the generations, lasting for more than a century.
While researchers knew humans profited from this pairing, they couldn't confirm whether it benefited the dolphins. Now, in a new study in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers suggest cetaceans that hunt with humans have more chances to live than those that don't.
"Human-wildlife cooperation in general is a rare phenomenon at a global scale." says Mauricio Cantor, a biologist at Oregon State University and leader of the study."Usually humans gain the benefit, and nature pays the cost. But this interaction has been happening for over 150 years.”
Fishers were more successful when they worked with the dolphins. When dolphins were present, the fishers were 17 times more likely to catch prey (猎物) and netted nearly four times more mullet when they timed their casting with the cetaceans' signals. Eighty-six percent of all 4,955 mullet caught during the study period came from"synchronous(同时的) interactions"—when the allies organized their actions perfectly with one another.
The study also revealed dolphins hunting with humans had a 13 percent increase in survival rate over other dolphins. These cooperative dolphins are more likely to stay near the shore, reducing their chance of entanglement(缠绕) in illegal fishing equipment. Besides, the dolphins can take some fish directly from the fishers' harvest.
28.What do the first two paragraphs talk about concerning Brazilian fishers
A.They trick dolphins into fishing for them.
B.They harvest more fish with dolphins' help.
C. They have been training dolphins over a century.
D. They cast the fishing nets when dolphins surface.
29.What does Mauricio Cantor's research show
A. Nature favors human beings at a huge cost.
B. Fishers benefit from cooperating with cetaceans.
C. Human-wildlife interaction is a new global trend.
D.Dolphins working with man have higher survival rate.
30.What does the underlined word "allies" refer to in paragraph 5
A.Prey.B.Mullet.C.Partners.D.Researchers.
31.What's the author's main purpose in writing the text
A.To appeal for the protection of sea creatures.
B.To show a unique human-dolphin relationship.
C. To applaud for development in fishing research.
D. To encourage fishers to better draw on dolphins.
D
The word"paradigm" comes from the Greek. It was originally a scientific term, and is more commonly used today to mean a model or theory. In the more general sense, it's the way we "see" the world — not in terms of our visual sense of sight, but in terms of perceiving, understanding, and interpreting.
A simple way to understand paradigms is to see them as maps. We all know that "the map is not the territory(领域).”A map is simply an explanation of certain aspects of the territory. That's exactly what a paradigm is.It is a theory, an explanation, or model of something else. You can never arrive at a specific location in a new city with a wrong map.
Each of us has many maps in our head, which can be divided into two main categories: maps of the way things are, or realities, and maps of the way things should be, or values. We interpret everything we experience through these mental maps. We seldom question their accuracy; we're usually even unaware that we have them. We simply assume that the way we see things is the way they really are or the way they should be. And our attitudes and behaviors grow out of those assumptions. The way we see things is the source of the way we think and the way we act.
We see the world, not as it is, but as we are or, as we are conditioned to see it. Clearheaded people see things differently, each looking through the unique lens of experience. But this does not mean that there are no facts.Instead, each person's interpretation of these facts represents prior experiences.
The more aware we are of our basic paradigms, maps, or assumptions, and the extent to which we have been influenced by our experience, the more we can take responsibility for those paradigms, examine them, test them against reality, listen to others and be open to their opinions, thereby getting a larger picture and a far more objective view.
32. How does the author illustrate the concept of"paradigm"
A. By comparing it to an everyday object.
B. By sorting it into different categories.
C. By presenting personal examples.
D. By highlighting a sharp contrast.
33. What can be concluded about the mental maps mentioned in paragraph 3
A. They fail to escape our attention.
B. They may be lacking in accuracy.
C. They prove wrong and unreliable.
D. They have little influence on behavior.
34. Which of the following echoes the main idea of paragraph 4
A. Great minds think alike.
B. All men have opinions, but few think.
C. Where we stand depends on where we sit.
D. The fewer the facts, the stronger the opinions.
35. What does the author advocate in the last paragraph
A.A better understanding of our paradigms.
B. A stronger sense of responsibility for others.
C. A more objective view of others' opinions.
D. A more positive attitude toward life experience.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Gardening may be one of the most relaxing hobbies you'll find, with the excitement of seeing something you have planted actually turn into a flower. But if you've been holding back because you don't have a yard, then you're missing out a lot___36_
Container gardening is the most obvious way to plant when you don't have a ton of space. If you can get a container regardless of its size, you can have a garden.____37____Even a small pot with a brightly colored flower or bushy green plants can give your entryway a pop of color.
38____Grow climbing plants on a fence or the posts over your doorway to decorate the side of your home. Plenty of plants are happy to grow up instead of out, so you can have some greenery without a traditional garden.
Have an apartment or townhouse Then consider outdoor window boxes that you access from inside.____39____And they give you plenty of options to plant bright blooms or fresh herbs within reach-plus they give your home some added appeal at the same time.
There's probably still one room where you haven't thought of putting some plants: Your bathroom. Even if yours doesn't get much light, a wall-mounted garden can still grow well.____40___They will give your bathroom a more natural, earthy feel.
A. These require, no ground space at all.
B. When plants get enough sunlight, they grow better.
C. If you're really short of space, think height instead.
D. They can add some green to the inside of your home.
E. Bigger pots give you space to grow several different flowers.
F. In fact, there are plenty of easy ways to get the joy of gardening.
G. Plants that do well in shady and wet environments are the best choice.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I woke up with only one thing on my mind: what to wear. A billion thoughts____41____through my brain as wooden hangers moved back and forth. It was my first day of high school in a new State; first __42__are everything, and it was necessary to impress the people who I'd spend the next four years with.
It wasn't insecurity that___43___me to madness but the fact that this was my third time being the new kid._44___moving does something to a child's development. I___45___to find reliable friends. But this time dad's company___46___my starting and finishing high school in the same place. This time mattered, which made me nervous.
I emerged proudly in a patterned dress after riding(扫荡)my closet. I felt just as__47__as I stepped off the bus. But my jaw dropped to the floor when I found Mrs. Hutfilz, my English teacher, wearing the exact same48__as I did. I kept my head down and tiptoed to my seat, but the first day meant___49___in front of the class, and____50__it was my turn. I made it through my minute speech, until Hutfilz stood up,_51.adding she liked my style. All the ____52___that had accumulated from waking up in the morning surprisingly_53__.The students raised heads as I shared my story. My smile____54__as I giggled with my peers.After class, I stayed behind, sharing with Mrs. Hutfilz my previous understanding about coming into a new school and state. I was relieved to make a humorous and genuine___55____with my first teacher in the coming days.
This incident ____56___me that these are the times to have fun, work hard, and make memories, not stress about the___57___details. Looking back, the ten minutes I spent ____58___my speech were really not worth it.___59____my first period of high school may not have gone exactly the way I thought it would, Mrs. Hutfilz's great sense of ____60___certainly made the day unforgettable in the best way.
41. A. raced B. broke C. forced D. crashed
42. A. experiences B. impressions C. comments D. expectations
43.A. related B. attracted C. drove D. switched
44. A.Random B. Permanent C. Regular D. Frequent
45. A. rejected B. struggled C. challenged D. appreciated
46. A. ensured B. admitted C. reflected D. deserved
47. A. nervous B.doubtful C. competent D. confident
48. A. fashion B.design C. dress D. uniform
49. A. introductions B. performances C. lectures D. debates
50. A. on occasion B. soon enough C. no wonder D. in fact
51. A. unconcernedly B. seriously C. honestly D. jokingly
52. A. sympathy B. thrill C. anxiety D. embarrassment
53. A. held up B. melted away C. passed down D. carried on
54. A. froze B. faded C. Grew D. formed
55. A. connection B. adjustment C. commitment D. negotiation
56. A. advocated B. persuaded C. informed D. reminded
57, A. unimportant B.complex C. Precise D. chief
58.A. doubting B. fearing C. withdrawing D. regretting
59. A. Until B. Since C. While D. If
60. A. achievement B. honor C. gratitude D. style
第Ⅱ卷
第二节单词拼写(共20小题；每题0.5分，满分10分)
根据下列各句句意和空白后的提示词，在横线上写出对应单词的正确形式，每空一词。
61.I picked up a few good (便宜货)in the sale.
62.The country's (官方的)language is Spanish.
63.Paul was unwell last night with a stomach (肠胃不适).
64.Its owners claim it is the most (科技)advanced cruise ship in the world.
65.The application forms have now been (简化).
66.He took a shovel. (挖)hole,and buried his once-prized possessions.
67.He owed his (存活)to his strength as a swimmer,
68.All men are born (平等) regardless of race or color.
69.Nowadays, stress goes hand in hand with life in a(n). (竞争激烈) society.
70.As you know, coral is very (敏感)to water temperature.
71.This is a(n)_(formal) meeting, so you don't have to dress up, just wear casually.
72. Activities all take place under the. (guide)of an experienced tutor.
73.He searched for a sign of (recognize)on her face, but there was none.
74. He had a sudden (sink)feeling in the pit of his stomach.
75.Firefighters had to break the door down to reach the people. (trap) inside.
76.Rivers of molten lava (flow) down the mountain during last year's eruption.
77.We should be compassionate,understanding, forgiving and (mercy).
78.New social problems have (arise)due to the unfair distribution of the social wealth so far.
79.Aid should be given to developing countries with no strings (attach).
80.Many people expressed a strong. (prefer) for the original plan.
第三节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
One east London train station has an incredible 7,500-mile direct train link to China. Barking's Eurohub freight terminal (货运站)__81___(link) to Yiwu in China since January 2017___82___part of China's Belt and Road Initiative, which is restoring the ancient Silk Road trading routes.
The route is__83___(actual) not new at all. It is part of the old Silk Road, which began in 200 BC, through84__Chinese silk caravans (车队) carried goods to Europe and Africa.
In January 2017 in Yiwu in eastern China, a bright orange train__85___(pull) 44 containers loaded with suitcases, clothes and a___86___(various) of household goods set off on a 7,500-mile journey to western Europe.
London is the 15th European city ___87___(find) its way onto the ever-expanding map of _88_(destination) for China's rail cargo. At the time, Yiwu Timex Industrial Investments — which ran the service —said prices ____89__(be) half that of air cargo and cut two weeks off the journey time by sea. China is the past-master of such engineering initiatives. Instead, it has transformed its economy through_____90____series of well-planned transport and manufacturing investment.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(八),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：(1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
(2)只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In the evening of Feb.4th, my brother suddenly became unconscious. He sent to hospital and it turned out that she had a severe brain disease. When he finally came back home, we did that most families would do. We tried to help him as many as we could. One afternoon, he was at home alone for a few hours. When we returned, all the furnitures in his bedroom had been rearranged. My mom asks in surprise,"Who did that " My brother replied delighted,"Me." At that moment, we were all greatly amazed that he recovered a lot of and had the strength to moving things
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
学校英文报组织同学们分享自己在本学期体育课中学到的一项体育运动，请你以此为主题写一篇短文投稿。
内容包括
1.简要描述
2.体验和感受。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.题目已写好。
A sport I learned this term
西安市碑林区2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试
英语答案
听力
1-5 CBACB 6-10 BCCAB 11-15 ABACB 16-20 AABAC
阅读理解
21-23 ACB 24-27 DDAA 28-31 BDCB 32-35 ABCA
七选五
36-40 FECAG
完形填空
41-45 ABCDB 46-50 ADCAB 51-55 DCBCA 56-60 DABCD
单词拼写
61. bargains 62. official 63. upset 64. technologically 65. simplified
66. dug 67. survival 68. equal petitive 70. sensitive 71. informal
72. guidance 73. recognition 74. sinking 75. trapped 76. flowed 77. merciful
78. arisen 79. attached 80. preference
语法填空
81. has been linked 82. as 83. actually 84. which 85. pulling
86. variety 87. to find 88. destinations 89. were 90. a
短文改错
1. In → On 2. He后加was 3. she→ he 4. that → what 5. many → much
6. furnitures → furniture 7. asks → asked 8. delighted → delightedly 9. 去掉of
10. moving → move
书面表达
A sport I learned this term
As a sports enthusiast, I am more than excited to share with you about Tai Chi, which I learned in PE class this semester.
Tai Chi is an ancient Chinese martial art that has been practiced for centuries. It is a form of exercise that combines slow, graceful movements with deep breathing and meditation. The movements of Tai Chi are designed to promote balance and harmony between the body and mind. What’s more, it is known to improve flexibility and strength, as well as reduce stress and anxiety. When I started to learn Tai Chi, I struggled to control my inner power through those well-calculated moves, which frustrated me a lot. However, under the guidance of my teacher, I made great progress and finally got the hang of it.
Tai Chi is a great way to improve overall health and well-being, which can be enjoyed by people of all ages and backgrounds. I do hope that I can find friends who share the same interest and practise Tai Chi with me.
答案详解
阅读B
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大多数学生不愿晒孩子的原因和对父母公布孩子讯息的注意点。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Over 55% said they would not upload news about, or images of, their children to their social media feeds, according to survey of over 16,000 pupils by Votes for Schools.(根据对16000多名学生 调查，超过55%的人表示他们不会在社交媒体上上传孩子的新闻或照片)”可知，大多数学生不愿分享关于孩子的帖子。故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“While some were concerned about being embarrassed or the longevity of content which could remain online indefinitely, others expressed concern about their personal data being compromised.(一些人担心会尴尬，或者内容可能会无限期地在网上存在，而另一些人则担心他们的个人数据会被泄露)”可推断，第二段主要讲述的是在第一段调查中大多数学生不愿意家长上传他们照片的原因。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段乔·汉考克说的话“Simple steps, such as checking your privacy settings and asking others not to share content of your children on their accounts if they have not updated their privacy settings, are a good start.(简单的步骤是一个好的开始，比如检查你的隐私设置，如果他们没有更新隐私设置，就要求别人不要在他们的账户上分享你孩子的内容)”可知，父母应该首先注意安全问题。故选A。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“We must ensure we listen to children and take their views into consideration now in order to avoid any unintended consequences further down the line.(我们必须确保倾听儿童的意见，考虑他们的意见，以避免未来出现任何意外后果)”可知，父母应该考虑孩子们的意见。故选A。
阅读C
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人类和野生宽吻海豚合作捕鱼的故事，从而展示一种独特的人与海豚的关系。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In southeastern Brazil, local fishers walk into dark waters in search of mullet On their own, it would be tricky to find the silvery fish. But the humans get help from an unusual partner: wild bottlenose dolphins.”（在巴西东南部，当地渔民走进黑暗的水域寻找鲻鱼，独自一人要找到这种银色的鱼是很困难的。但人类得到了一个不寻常的伙伴的帮助:野生宽吻海豚。）以及第二段中“A signal from the dolphins—usually a deep dive—indicates when they should cast their nets. This fishing partnership has passed down through the generations, lasting for more than a century.”（海豚发出的信号——通常是深潜——表明它们应该在什么时候撒网。这种捕鱼伙伴关系世代相传，持续了一个多世纪。）可知，关于巴西渔民，前两段讲了他们在海豚的帮助下收获了更多的鱼。故选B项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Now, in a new study in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers suggest cetaceans that hunt with humans have more chances to live than those that don't.”（现在，在《美国国家科学院院刊》上发表的一项新研究中，研究人员指出，与人类一起捕食的鲸类动物比那些不与人类一起捕食的鲸类动物有更多的生存机会。）可知，毛里西奥·康托的研究表明了与人类合作的海豚存活率更高。故选D项。
【30题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第五段中“Fishers were more successful when they worked with the dolphins.”（当渔民和海豚一起工作时，他们更成功。）以及“Eighty-six percent of all 4.955 mullet caught during the study period came from “synchronous interactions”（在研究期间捕获的4.955条鲻鱼中，86%来自“同步互动。）故可猜测，划线单词allies为“盟友，合作伙伴”的意思，结合选项C项Partners“伙伴，搭档”意思一致。故选C项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“In southeastern Brazil, local fishers walk into dark waters in search of mullet On their own, it would be tricky to find the silvery fish. But the humans get help from an unusual partner: wild bottlenose dolphins.”（在巴西东南部，当地渔民走进黑暗的水域寻找鲻鱼，独自一人要找到这种银色的鱼是很困难的。但人类得到了一个不寻常的伙伴的帮助:野生宽吻海豚。）以及最后一段“The study also revealed dolphins hunting with humans had a 13 percent increase in survival rate over other dolphins. These cooperative dolphins are more likely to stay near the shore, reducing their chance of entanglement in illegal fishing equipment. Besides, the dolphins can take some fish directly from the fishers’ harvest.”（研究还显示，与人类一起捕猎的海豚比其他海豚的存活率提高了13%。这些合作的海豚更有可能呆在海岸附近，减少了被非法捕鱼设备缠住的机会。此外，海豚可以直接从渔民的收获中获得一些鱼。）可推知，作者写文章的主要目的是展示一种独特的人与海豚的关系。故选B项。
阅读D
本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了范式(paradigm)的含义及其现实意义。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段中“A simple way to understand paradigms is to see them as maps.(理解paradigm的一个简单方法是将它们视为地图)”可推知，作者通过把paradigm与地图这一日常用品进行比较，从而达到阐明其概念的目的。故选A项。
33．推理判断题。根据第段三中“We interpret everything we experience through these mental maps. We seldom question their accuracy; we’re usually even unaware that we have them. We simply assume that the way we see things is the way they really are or the way they should be. (我们通过这些思维地图来解释我们所经历的一切。我们很少质疑它们的准确性；我们通常甚至没有意识到我们有它们。我们只是简单地假设我们看待事物的方式就是它们真实的样子或它们应该的样子)”可知，我们用思维地图来解释一切，但很少质疑其准确性，只是简单地假设我们看待事物的方式就是它们真实的样子或它们应该的样子，由此推知，其实思维地图是可能缺乏准确性的。故选B项。
34．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“We see the world, not as it is, but as we are or, as we are conditioned to see it. Clearheaded people see things differently, each looking through the unique lens of experience. But this does not mean that there are no facts. Instead, each person’s interpretation of these facts represents prior experiences.(我们不是按它本来的样子看世界，而是按我们自己角度或者我们的习惯于看世界。头脑清晰的人看待事物的方式不同，每个人都从独特的经验角度看问题)”可知，第四段主要讲每个人都是从自己的角度出发看世界，即我们和观点、立场与我们的角度、位置有关，与C项“我们的立场取决于我们的位置”一致。故选C项。
35．细节理解题。根据最后段中“The more aware we are of our basic paradigms, maps, or assumptions, and the extent to which we have been influenced by our experience, the more we can take responsibility for those paradigms, examine them, test them against reality, listen to others and be open to their perceptions, thereby getting a larger picture and a far more objective view.(我们越了解我们的基本范式、地图或假设，以及我们受经验影响的程度，我们就越能对这些范式负责，检验它们，与现实进行测试，倾听他人的意见，接受他们的看法，从而获得更大的图景和更客观的观点)”可知，作者主张要更好地理解我们的范式，才能获得更大的图景和更客观的观点，所有要更好地理解范式。故选A项。
【七选五解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何进行园艺提出了一些方法。
36．根据上文“Gardening may be one of the most relaxing hobbies you’ll find, with the excitement of seeing something you have planted actually turn into a flower. But if you’ve been holding back because you don’t have a yard, then you’re missing out a lot.(园艺可能是你会发现的最放松的爱好之一，看到你种的东西实际上变成了一朵花，你会感到兴奋。但如果你因为没有院子而退缩，那么你就错过了很多)”结合后文主要关于园艺的建议，故F选项“事实上，有很多简单的方法可以获得园艺的乐趣”符合语境，故选F。
37．根据上文“Container gardening is the most obvious way to plant when you don’t have a ton of space. If you can get a container regardless of its size, you can have a garden.(当你没有足够的空间时，容器园艺是最明显的种植方式。如果你能得到一个容器，不管它的大小，你就可以拥有一个花园)”可知，本句主要针对上文提到的容器进行说明。故E选项“更大的花盆给你空间种植几种不同的花”符合语境，故选E。
38．根据后文“Grow climbing plants on a fence or the posts over your doorway to decorate the side of your home. Plenty of plants are happy to grow up instead of out, so you can have some greenery without a traditional garden.(在门口的栅栏或柱子上种植攀缘植物来装饰你家的一面。很多植物都很乐意向上生长而不是长出来，所以你可以在没有传统花园的情况下拥有一些绿色植物)”可知，在门口的栅栏或柱子上种植，即从高度空间来种植。故C选项“如果你真的缺少空间，那就考虑一下高度吧”符合语境，故选C。
39．根据上文“Have an apartment or townhouse Then consider outdoor window boxes that you access from inside.(你有公寓或联排别墅吗？然后考虑从室内进入的室外窗框)”可知，上文提到考虑从室内进入的室外窗框来种植，本句主要针对这一做法进行说明：不需要地面空间。故A选项“这些根本不需要地面空间”符合语境，故选A。
40．根据上文“Even if yours doesn’t get much light, a wall-mounted garden can still grow well.(即使你的花园没有足够的光线，壁挂式花园仍然可以很好地生长)”以及后文“They will give your bathroom a more natural, earthy feel.(它们会给你的浴室带来一种更自然、更朴实的感觉)”可知，没有足够的光线，可以选择在阴凉潮湿的环境中生长良好的植物。故G选项“在阴凉潮湿的环境中生长良好的植物是最好的选择”符合语境，故选G。
【完形填空解析】
本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了主人公是一位力图在转学第一天做到最好的学生，但开学第一天就与老师撞衫了。老师的幽默不仅化解了她的尴尬，也让她认识到很多时候不重要的小事并不需要达到完美。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一百万个想法像木制衣架一样在我脑子里来来回回的跑。A. raced比赛；B. broke打破；C. forced强迫；D. crashed猛冲。根据下文“through my brain as wooden hangers moved back and forth”可知，这里考查短语race through my brain表示“在我的脑海里反复穿梭”，展现出作者纠结开学第一天应该穿什么，以给未来的同学留下良好的第一印象的情绪。故选A。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一印象就是一切。A. experiences经历；B. impressions印象；C. comments评论；D. expectations期待。根据上文“It was my first day of high school in a new State”可知，作者第一天上学，所以是第一印象。first impression表示第一印象，从后文可知，作者认为第一印象对未来四年的同学关系相当重要。故选B。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我抓狂的并不是一种不安全感，而是这是我第三次当新生。A. related有关；B. attracted吸引；C. drove逼迫；D. switched换。根据下文“me to madness but the fact that this was my third time being the new kid”可知，作者因为是第三次做新生而要疯了。drive sb. to madness……意思是“把某人逼疯”。故选C。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：频繁搬家对一个孩子的成长产生影响。A. Random随意的；B. Permanent永久的；C. Regular有规律的；D. Frequent经常的。根据上文“but the fact that this was my third time being the new kid”可知，作者三次当新生，所以是经常搬家导致的。故选D。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我努力地找到了可靠的朋友。A. rejected反对；B. struggled挣扎；C. challenged挑战；D. appreciated感激。根据上文“but the fact that this was my third time being the new kid”可知，作者频繁搬家，因此找到一些可靠稳定的朋友对她来说是很有难度的。struggle doing表示“努力做、费力做”。故选B。
46．考查动词词义辨析。A. ensured确保；B. admitted承认；C. reflected反射；D. deserved值得。根据下文“my starting and finishing high school in the same place”可知，作者可以在同一个地方完整的上完中学，说明她应该是一种定居的状态，暗示作者父亲公司的固定保证了她的定居。故选A。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我从校车上下来时，我感到很有信心。A. nervous紧张的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. competent有竞争力的；D. confident有信心的。根据上文“I emerged proudly in a patterned dress after riding (扫荡) my closet.”可知，这是作者翻遍了衣服所找出来的衣服，所以她应该处于一个非常自信的状态。这里的confident和前面的proudly相互呼应，都表示一种骄傲、自信的状态。故选D。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，当我看到我的英语老师Hutfilz 女士穿着和我一模一样的衣服的时候，我的下巴都掉到地上了。A. fashion时尚；B. design设计；C. dress衣服；D. uniform制服。根据上文“But my jaw dropped to the floor”可知，让作者惊吓的应该是她努力搜索到的满意的衣服竟然和老师穿的一样。故选C。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我低着头并且挪到了我的座位上，但是第一天就意味着在全班目前做自我介绍，并且很快就轮到我了。A. introductions介绍；B. performances表现；C. lectures课程；D. debates争论。根据下文“in front of the class”可知，因为新同学第一次入班，所以都需要在全班同学前做自我介绍。故选A。
50．考查介词短语，名词短语和副词短语辨析。句意：见第9题详解。A. on occasion偶尔；B. soon enough足够快；C. no wonder难怪；D. in fact事实上。根据下文“it was my turn”可知，这里意思是没过一会就轮到我了。故选B。
51．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我终于度过了那几分钟的演讲，直到Hutfilz 站起来，开玩笑似的说她很喜欢我的风格。根据下文“I was relieved to make a humorous and genuine 　　　 with my first teacher in the coming days.”可知，作者和老师相处的很融洽，所以说明这个时候老师是开了个玩笑活跃了气氛，没有让作者觉得尴尬。故选D。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从早上起床积累起来的焦虑令人吃惊地就没有了。根据下文“that had accumulated throughout the morning”可知，这里指因为作者在乎能不能给同学留下不好的第一印象，因此和老师撞衫之后，她就害怕不能完美亮相而紧张，焦虑。故选C。
易错选D。from waking up in the morning,早上起床时作者还没有尴尬，只是焦虑。
53．考查动词短语辨析。句意：见第12题详解。A. held up抓住；B. melted away融化；C. passed down传下去；D. carried on继续。根据上文“surprisingly”可知，这里意思是持续了整个早晨的焦虑惊奇地一下子就融化掉，消失了。故选B。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我和同龄人咯咯地笑时，我的笑容越来越浓。A. froze冻；B. faded退化；C. grew长；D. formed形成。根据下文“as I giggled with my peers”可知，这里表达作者心情放松下来后的愉悦之意。用grow表示笑意的增长、扩大。故选C。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的日子里，我感到很安慰，因为我与老师达成了一种幽默的、真正的联系。A. connection联系；B. adjustment调整；C. commitment投入；D. negotiation妥协。根据这句话的意思可知，这里是指因为撞衫而促成作者和老师之间有的关联。故选A。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次意外提醒我，这是要玩得高兴，努力学习，创造记忆的时候，而不是在不重要的事情上有压力的时候。A. advocated倡导；B. persuaded说服；C. informed通知；D. reminded提醒。根据下文“that these are the times to have fun, work hard, and make memories, not stress about the 　　　　 details.”可知，这里表示这件事提醒作者很多时候不需要做到尽善尽美。故选D。
57．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第16题详解。A. unimportant不重要的；B. complex复杂的；C. precise准确的；D. chief主要的。根据上文“that these are the times to have fun, work hard, and make memories, not stress about the 　　　 details.”可知，作者把have fun, work hard, and make memories归为一类，它们的共同特点是：它们是中学生应该做的事情，而其他的比如穿衣服这样就是不重要的细节。故选A。
58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回首过去，我花在害怕演讲的情况的那10分钟真的是不值得的。A. doubting怀疑；B. fearing害怕；C. withdrawing抽离；D. regretting后悔。根据上文“I made it through my minute speech”可知，作者在演讲过程中是很辛苦的，害怕因为和老师穿了一样的衣服会留下不好的印象。故选B。
59．考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我中学的开始并没有完全按照我的预想发展，但是Hutfilz女士很棒的风格当然是那一天以最棒的方式让人难忘。A. Until直到；B. Since自从；C. While虽然；D. If如果。根据下文“my first period of high school may not have gone exactly the way I thought it would, Mrs. Hutfilz's great sense of 　　　 certainly made the day unforgettable in the best way.”可知，这里的2个小分句应该使用一种转折的语气，表示与预期不符的心情。故选C。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第19题详解。A. duty责任；B. honor荣誉；C. gratitude感激；D. style风格。根据上文“Hutfilz stood up, ___adding she liked my style.”可知，这里用style具有双关含义，既指服装风格，又更多的表示一种处理问题、教书育人的风格与方式，意思是老师的教学风格让这一天变得令人难忘。故选D。
听力原文
Text 1
W: You are late! You should have come earlier to see the wonderful beginning of the film.
M: Well, I met my brother at the airport and we bought something on the way back.
Text 2
W: Excuse me, do you know an easy way to get to the airport
M: Why don’t you take the bus That’s what I always do when I fly.
Text 3
M: Why did you set the alarm for 8:00
W: Dear, but you said you had a meeting to attend at 8:30. Hurry up, you have to get to the office in 15 minutes.
M: Oh, I’m so tired.
Text 4
M: Why are you taking the pills Are you sick
W: No. These pills are helping me to lose weight.
M: Are they from a doctor
W: No. A TV commercial said they would help.
Text 5
W: How’s your stomach this morning
M: Much better, thanks.
W: But you must stay in bed for another day or two, and you mustn’t eat too much.
M: But, doctor, I haven’t eaten anything since the day before yesterday.
W: Oh, that’s terrible. You should eat something.
Text 6
M: Hey, Mary! What have you been doing these days
W: Oh, hi, Tom. I’ve been studying a lot lately. All my classes seem to have exams during the same week.
M: That’s awful. Where are you going now
W: I’m heading to the gym. I’ve been sitting at my desk all day and I need some exercise. Do you want to walk out there with me
M: Actually, I’m on the way back from the gym. I just had swimming practice and I’m going to dinner.
Text 7
W: What kind of music do you like listening to
M: I like music that has a fast beat and is lively, like dance music, which is sometimes too loud though. You prefer classical music, don’t you
W: Yes, I do. I find it very relaxing. I often listen to Mozart or Bach in the evening after a hard day at work.
M: I must admit that I like several pieces of classical music.
W: Classical music is supposed to be good for your brain. Students who listen to classical music while studying perform better.
M: Really Perhaps I should listen to classical music often. I heard that listening to classical music is helpful in reducing stress.
W: Yes. That’s why I listen to it in the evenings. But in the early morning when I get up, I prefer to listen to folk music, which is more traditional.
Text 8
W: Well, Jack. Take a seat, please. And, where does your enthusiasm for sports come from
M: Hmm, let me think. It’s difficult to choose one thing in particular... I grew up around sport. My best friend Mike likes sports. My mum was a really good athlete, actually.
W: Oh, yes
M: We used to go and see her running marathons, which made a big impression on me as a child. I suppose it’s in my blood.
W: Right, fantastic. And how do you think teachers can encourage their students to enjoy sports
M: Hmm, that’s an interesting question. On one hand, I think many students enjoy the competitive activities. They want to be the best, and it’s motivating for them. On the other hand, we need to encourage the ones who are not as confident. So we need to reward them for participating and trying their best. It’s not all about winning!
W: OK, thank you very much, Jack. You make some good points.
Text 9
M: Anna, what do you do now Are you a doctor Or a teacher
W: Neither, I’m a manager in an American company that produces iPods.
M: Ah, that must be a position with a good salary.
W: Yes, it is! But I have to work hard for what I get—twelve to fourteen hours a day.
M: I see. So what’s your degree in Something related to iPods
W: Well, I have a degree in computers at university, and I’ve taken a course in typing and various forms of office training. There aren’t many opportunities for women in management. This work was about the only thing I could find.
M: Do you get much time off work
W: Only two days off a month. But I sometimes get to travel with my boss, and I enjoy that.
M: That’s good that you like your job so much. I have to say, though, I prefer my eight-hour days, even though I don’t earn all that much.
Text 10
W: Television is the most significant influence on children in the United States, because the habit of watching television usually begins before children go to school. And, by the time that the average child finishes high school, he or she will have spent 18, 000 hours in front of a television set as opposed to 12, 000 hours in a classroom.
Parents are concerned about these figures and the lack of quality in television programs for children. They are worried the violence in many of these shows may have a negative effect on the young minds. Many parents would like to see fewer commercials during programs for children. Educational television has no commercials and has programs for children that many parents are in favor of. The most famous of these is “Sesame Street”, which tries to give preschool children a head start in learning the alphabet and numbers. It also tries to teach children useful things about the world in which they live.
Even though most parents and educators give “Sesame Street” and shows like it high marks for quality, some argue that all television, whether educational or not, is harmful to children. They say that the habit of watching hours of television a day turns children into bored and passive consumers of their world rather than encouraging them to become active explorers of it.

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