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江苏省盐城市盐都区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单项选择
1．Children in poor areas need not only food and clothes, but also ________.
A．education B．conversation C．situation D．condition
2．—Where’s Mr. Green now I haven’t seen him for a few days.
—He ________ to Shanghai for a meeting.
A．goes B．is going C．has been D．has gone
3．It’s a bad habit to leave the office without ________ the lights.
A．showing off B．putting off C．taking off D．turning off
4．It’s ________ for many organizations to do their work one-to-one without volunteers.
A．helpful B．impossible C．careful D．necessary
5．A giant panda can only have one or two babies ________.
A．at a time B．from time to time
C．at the same time D．on time
6．If both drivers and pedestrians (行人) are careful enough, many accidents can ________.
A．protect B．be protected C．prevent D．be prevented
7．Don’t ________ your parents too much. You should learn to look after yourself.
A．depend on B．carry on C．try on D．put on
8．In Britain, people won’t touch you or push past you if you’re ________.
A．on their way B．in their way C．by the way D．in this way
9．—Would you mind taking me to Dayang Bay I want to watch the dragon boat race there.
—________. I will drive you there.
A．Yes, please B．My pleasure
C．Of course not D．That’s all right
10．—My brother has made his dream come true after years of hard work.
—Just as the saying goes, “________.”
A．No pain, no gain B．Practice makes perfect
C．Many hands make light work D．Actions speak louder than words
二、完形填空
This is the story of Joe and Fonzie. It’s a story about a 11 that started more than 20 years ago. And the friendship saved a life and started a new kind of help for people with 12 .
“Joe” is Joe Hoagland, who was three years old when the story 13 . And “Fonzie” is a dolphin. Joe was born with a heart problem. At 3, he had an 14 . It didn’t go well and he couldn’t move the left side of his body. The doctors at the hospital didn’t think he could get 15 . Deena, Joe’s mother, took him to different places for treatment, but it wasn’t very 16 . Then the family moved to Florida. Joe liked being in the water and Deena thought 17 could help him. First, they went to swimming pools in 18 , but some hotel guests didn’t like them. One day she went with Joe to a place, where people swam with dolphins. Joe met Fonzie there and the 19 really began.
Soon, Joe wanted to see Fonzie every day. He loved playing with him and 20 him. Joe’s mother told him 21 to feed Fonzie using his left hand so that he could move his left side of his body as often as possible. Slowly, he got better and better. He’s now over 30 years old and very 22 .
Deena saw that Joe’s friendship with Fonzie helped 23 a lot, and she knew it was a good idea for other people, too. So, she and her family worked to 24 a place called Island Dolphin Care to help people like Joe. Sadly, Fonzie died in 2004 when Joe was 17. He wrote, “Fonzie and I 25 a lot of good times. He was a great friend to me.”
11．A．course B．friendship C．dream D．charity
12．A．blindness B．deafness C．fever D．problems
13．A．began B．changed C．developed D．stopped
14．A．choice B．accident C．operation D．lesson
15．A．happier B．better C．fatter D．taller
16．A．successful B．special C．comfortable D．interesting
17．A．dancing B．jogging C．swimming D．camping
18．A．communities B．hotels C．schools D．parks
19．A．action B．story C．training D．game
20．A．supporting B．following C．feeding D．controlling
21．A．always B．never C．seldom D．sometimes
22．A．lonely B．famous C．safe D．well
23．A．it B．her C．him D．those
24．A．record B．open C．need D．reach
25．A．used B．wished C．shared D．made
三、阅读单选
The idea of the family is important all over the world and many countries have special celebrations for it. Let’s look at a few.
Looking after animals—India
Pets are popular in many cultures around the world. Looking after animals helps children learn to do their duty for them. Every year in India there is a festival called Thai Pongal. During the festival, families feed cows and birds to give thanks for these animals. Children also learn that all living things share the world together.
First day at school—Germany
In Germany, the first day at school is a very important time for all children. There is a special event called Einschulung. Everyone in the family meets to give the child presents, like pens and books, for their new school life. For the first day of school, parents give their children a large paper cone. Inside there are things for school.
Writing poems—Netherlands
In Netherlands, people celebrate the winter holiday on the 5th December. This holiday is called Sinterklaas. People give each other presents, but they also have a very special tradition. Each member of the family writes their name on a piece of paper and puts it in a hat. Everyone then takes a name from the hat and writes a poem about this person. Everyone sits in a circle and reads out their poems.
26．What do Indian children do during the festival Thai pongal ________
A．Share food with pets. B．Show love to family.
C．Look after animals. D．Learn different cultures.
27．Which may be the best present to children for the first school day in Germany ________
A．A bike. B．A dictionary. C．A cake. D．A hairclip.
28．Why do the family members write their names on a piece of paper in the Netherlands ________
A．To let others write poems about them.
B．To let others remember them easily.
C．To introduce themselves to others.
D．To give each other presents.
Our school has a Robot Club and it’s wonderful.
Mr. Thomas is the club leader. He thinks of things for us to do and helps us build our robots. He loves everything about computers. He’s really cool and very kind. Before we make our own robots, we often watch videos of other robots on the Internet. When our robot is ready, we use computer programs to make it do things.
Every year there is a competition for schools all over the country. I feel really excited when we show our robots to students from other schools. We never win, but that’s not important. The other students like watching our robot move. It feels great.
I love Robot Club. It’s a great place to meet new people from school. We meet in the school hall every Monday at lunchtime and every Thursday after e and see us—we’re always happy to meet people!
29．What can we know about Mr. Thomas from the passage ______
A．He is very interested in computers.
B．He always builds robots for students.
C．He has designed many computer programs.
D．He often shares videos of robots on the Internet.
30．Our club enters the robot competition to ______.
A．win a big prize B．go for success in robot
C．offer helps to other clubs D．show our abilities in robot
31．The passage probably comes from ______.
A．a book review B．a school newsletter
C．a film poster D．a story book
A long time ago, people were very different from the way we are now. Over time, the human body changes to adapt to(适应) a new way of life. Can we expect the human body to change in the future For sure. The development of technology is changing how we live. What kind of changes can we expect
In the future, people will probably be even taller. Most of us now have much better food than people in the past and we grow more. However, our muscles will not be as strong as now because we won’t do a lot of physical work.
We are already using our feet less, and our hands more. So we can expect that our legs will get shorter and our feet smaller, and at the same time, our fingers will get longer. And our fingers and our eyes will both get better because they’ll have to do more work together.
It’s very possible that people will have four toes, not five. The little toe really isn’t needed any more, so it will probably disappear(消失) sometime in the future.
Now, what about the mouth It’ll get smaller, perhaps, because technology improvement will mean that we don’t need to talk so much, and also because our teeth will get smaller.
Last but not least, people won’t have much hair on their bodies as now, as we don’t need it to keep ourselves warm any more.
Will all these things happen If so, when These are questions no one can answer for sure.
32．The underlined sentence in paragraph 1 is to ________.
A．give some advice B．dig the topic
C．introduce the following parts D．show the writer’s worry
33．Why may people in the future be taller ________
A．They will do less physical work.
B．They will have better food to eat.
C．Their legs will get longer and longer.
D．Their muscles will be much stronger.
34．Which of the body parts might get smaller according to the passage ________
①feet ②hands ③fingers ④mouth
A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④
35．What’s the passage mainly about ________
A．Future life. B．Body changing.
C．Unknown questions. D．Technology improvement.
The next day I looked for a pen and some paper among my things. I made two lists: one of all the bad things about my situation, and the other of all the good things.
BAD I am alone. There is nobody here to talk to or to help me. I have no warm clothes. I don’t have much protection against wild animals. GOOD I survive the terrible storm. I am alive. It’s hot here, so I don’t need warm clothes. There aren’t any wild animals here. I can live well because I was able to save a lot of useful things from the ship.
Sometimes it rained all day, so I had to stay inside. It was hard to read or write because the house was dark and I didn’t have candles. Then I remembered in Africa people made lamps using the fat of animals. I did the same. They didn’t give much light, but they were better than nothing.
I looked at my lists and I thought, “These lists show something important. We can always find something good in a bad situation if we look for it. I must stop feeling sad and sorry for myself. My new life is here, on this island. I must make it as comfortable as I can.”
I started by making my house stronger. I built thick walls and put branches on the roof to keep out the rain. I put up some shelves and I put my things on them. I made some furniture—two tables and a chair. They weren’t very beautiful but they were very useful. I made a small cave at the back of my house. It was cool and a good place to keep food. I called it my “kitchen”.
Time passed quickly because I was always busy. In the mornings I went for a walk in the woods and hills with my dog. I caught birds and small animals for food. When I came back, I worked until about 11 o’clock. Then I prepared something to eat. I rested between midday and 2 o’clock because it was very hot. In the evenings I did some more work or I took out my pen and wrote about my life on the island. At 7 o’clock, I went to bed as it got dark early on the island.
36．Where did the story take place
A．On an island. B．In a small cave.
C．At the back of a house. D．On the shelves.
37．Which of the following is a bad thing to “me”
A．I survive the terrible storm. B．I don’t need any warm clothes.
C．There aren’t wild animals here. D．No one comes and helps me.
38．What does the underlined word “roof” mean
A．The top of a house. B．A piece of furniture.
C．A shelf to put things on. D．The place to keep food.
39．Which of the following is True according to the passage
A．I made some beautiful and useful furniture.
B．I made a cave to keep myself from the rain.
C．I went for a walk in the woods in the mornings.
D．I didn’t work in the evening because it was dark.
40．What can we learn from the text
A．We can start a new life in a new place.
B．Life is hopeless when we are left alone.
C．Nobody can survive without others’ help.
D．One can try to find something good in a bad situation.
四、阅读还原6选5
阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。
“How do you get to school ” This question often gets an answer like “By bus”, “By car” or “I walk”. But not always. There’re children in many different parts of the world who, every day, have to go on a difficult journey to get to school. They travel for kilometers on foot,or by boat, bicycle, donkey(驴) or train. They cross deserts(沙漠), mountains, rivers, snow and ice. 41
To get to school on time, some children in Indonesia have to cross a dangerous bridge. 42 Then they walk many more kilometers through the forest to their school in Banten.
43 He has to ride it with his friends for over an hour through a desert in the very dry area of northeast Brazil. Their school is in a tiny village. Very few people live there.
Some children live in houses on Chetl a Road in Delhi, India. 44 Every morning they walk along the railway to get to their school, 40 minutes away.
Why do the children do this Do their parents make them do it The answer, in many cases, is no. 45 They hope to get a job and money so they can help their families and neighbors. And this is why rivers, deserts or danger won’t stop them on their way to school.
A．It is ten meters above a rushing river.
B．Children in many countries do this and more.
C．For them, going to school means a better future.
D．Their homes are near the busy and dangerous railway.
E．The children like to go to school instead of staying at home.
F．A 6-year-old boy Fabricio gets on his donkey to school every morning.
五、根据汉语提示填空
46．Now I have (意识到) the importance of protecting the environment.
47．I’m glad to be your tour and show you around our beautiful city Yancheng.（向导）
48．Gulliver couldn’t understand the tiny man and didn’t know what to say . (也)
49．The of this activity is to train people to work with those special athletes. (目的)
50．We Chinese are so of the successful launch of Shenzhou-16. (自豪)
六、用所给单词的正确形式填空
51．Everyone should learn to protect natural resources (wise).
52．After the was made, the conversation began to flow.（introduce）
53．It’s to reach over someone’s plate for something at table.（polite）
54．The local people are thankful to the team for what they have done. (medicine)
55．The little boy thought if he kept , he could see the other side of the earth. (dig)
七、阅读回答问题
Ludwick Marishane, a young man from South Africa, was with his friends in Limpopo when they started talking about inventing(发明) something to put on your skin so you don’t have to take a bath. He used his mobile phone to do a lot of research(研究) online.
Millions of people around the world haven’t got clean water. This is a huge problem because dirty water causes terrible illnesses. One of them is trachoma(沙眼). Thousands of people all over the world get it every year. They wash their faces with dirty water, get an infection(传染病) and sometimes become blind.
Ludwick started thinking. He wanted to make something to help people in parts of the world where it’s difficult to find clean water. He did more research on his mobile. Ludwick had a plan. He wanted to make a gel(凝胶) for people to put on their skin so they don’t have to take a bath. He wrote the formula(配方) for the gel on his mobile phone. When he was at university, he never stopped thinking about his invention. Three years later the dream came true. He made the gel and called it “DryBath”. It looks like any other gel, but it isn’t! It saves lives and it also helps save water!
Ludwick Marishane is the winner of lots of prizes. People call him “one of the brightest young men in the world”. He is very happy about the success. That’s important in many parts of the world where it’s difficult to find clean water. Now he wants to invent other things, and he wants to help other young people become inventors, too.
回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。
56．Where does Ludwick Marishane come from
57．What does dirty water cause
58．How do people use the gel “Drybath”
59．What does DryBath help do
60．What do you think of Ludwick Marishane
八、材料作文
61．为培养青少年责任意识，提高青少年综合素养，学校英语俱乐部发起题为“Let’s take action!”的倡议活动。请根据下列提示，选择其中两个方面，写一份倡议书投稿。
Manners Volunteering Going green
●While travelling ●While eating ●... ●In the community ●In some charities ●... ●To save water ●To reduce pollution ●...
注意事项：
1. 词数：90词左右文章开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 文中不能出现真实姓名、校名等信息；
3. 文章必须包含所选两个方面的全部要点，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺。
Let’s take action!
We teenagers are the master of the future.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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参考答案：
1．A
【详解】句意：贫困地区的孩子不仅需要温饱，还需要教育。
考查名词辨析。education教育；conversation交谈；situation情况；condition条件。根据“Children in poor areas need not only food and clothes, but also ...”结合常识可推出贫困地区的孩子还需要教育。故选A。
2．D
【详解】句意：——格林先生现在在哪里？我有几天没见到他了。——他已经去上海开会了。
考查现在完成时。goes去，一般现在时；is going将要去，一般将来时；has been去过某地已经返回，现在完成时；has gone已经去了某地还没回来，现在完成时。根据“I haven’t seen him for a few days.我有几天没见到他了”可知，他已经去了上海还没有回来。故选D。
3．D
【详解】句意：不关灯就离开办公室是一种坏习惯。
考查动词短语。 show off 炫耀；put off 推迟；take off 脱下；turn off 关闭。根据“leave the office without…the lights”可知是，不关灯就离开办公室。 故选D。
4．B
【详解】句意：许多组织在没有志愿者的情况下一对一地开展工作是不可能的。
考查形容词辨析。helpful有帮助的；impossible不可能的；careful小心的；necessary有必要的。根据“many organizations to do their work one-to-one without volunteers”可知，空处填“不可能”符合语境，其他语意不通。故选B。
5．A
【详解】句意：大熊猫一次只能生一或两个孩子。
考查介词短语。at a time每次；from time to time不时；at the same time同时；on time按时。根据“A giant panda can only have one or two babies”可知，此处填“每次”符合语境，其他选项语意不通。故选A。
6．D
【详解】句意：如果司机和行人都足够小心，许多事故是可以避免的。
考查动词辨析及语态。protect保护；prevent阻止。根据“many accidents”可知事故要被阻止，此处用含情态动词的被动语态can be prevented。故选D。
7．A
【详解】句意：不要太依赖你的父母。你应该学会照顾好自己。
考查动词短语。depend on依靠、依赖；carry on进行、开展；try on尝试；put on穿上。根据“You should learn to look after yourself”可知，此处指不要依赖父母，故选A。
8．B
【详解】句意：在英国，如果你挡了他们的路，人们不会碰你或从你身边推开。
考查介词短语。on their way在他们的路上；in their way挡住他们的路；by the way顺便；in this way用这种方式。根据“people won’t touch you or push past you if you’re...”可知，如果你挡了他们的路，人们不会碰你或从你身边推开。故选B。
9．C
【详解】句意：——你介意带我去大洋湾吗？我想去看龙舟比赛。——当然不。我开车送你去。
考查情景交际。Yes, please是的，请；My pleasure我的荣幸；Of course not当然不； That’s all right没关系。根据“I will drive you there.”可知回答者不介意去大洋湾。故选C。
10．A
【详解】句意：——在许多年的努力之下，我的哥哥已经使他的梦想成真了。——正如谚语所说，“一份耕耘，一份收获。”
考查谚语。No pain, no gain一份耕耘，一份收获；Practice makes perfect熟能生巧；Many hands make light work人多好办事；Actions speak louder than words行事实胜于雄辩。根据“My brother has made his dream come true after years of hard work.”可知说的是我的哥哥经过努力使他的梦想成真，选项A与之相符。故选A。
11．B 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B 16．A 17．C 18．B 19．B 20．C 21．A 22．D 23．C 24．B 25．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了乔和海豚Fonzie之间的友谊。
11．句意：这是一个始于20多年前关于友谊的故事。
course课程；friendship友谊；dream梦想；charity慈善。根据“And the friendship saved a life”（这段友谊挽救了一个生命），可知此处指“友谊”。故选B。
12．句意：这段友谊拯救了一个生命，并开创了一种新的帮助病患的方式。
blindness失明；deafness失聪；fever发烧；problems问题。根据句意及下文描述可知此处指“有问题”。故选D。
13．句意：“乔”是乔·霍格兰，故事开始时他只有三岁。
began开始；changed改变；developed发展；stopped停止。根据“Joe met Fonzie there and the story really began.” 可知Joe和Fonzie的故事真正开始了，所以此处指“故事开始”。故选A。
14．句意：三岁时，他接受了手术。
choice选择；accident事故；operation手术；lesson课程。根据“It didn’t go well and he couldn’t move the left side of his body.”（手术并不顺利，他无法动左半身。）可知此处指“手术”。故选C。
15．句意：医院的医生认为他不能恢复了。
happier更开心的；better更好的；fatter更胖的；taller更高的。根据“The doctors at the hospital didn’t think he could get…”可知此处是和做手术前做比较，表示“恢复得更好”。故选B。
16．句意：乔的母亲迪娜带他去了不同的地方接受治疗，但效果不太好。
successful成功的；special特殊的；comfortable舒适的；interesting有趣的。根据“but”可知表示转折，可推知此处指治疗不理想。故选A。
17．句意：乔喜欢在水中，迪娜认为这可能对他有帮助。
dancing跳舞；jogging慢跑；swimming游泳；camping露营。根据前句提到“Joe liked being in the water”（乔喜欢在水中），可知此处指“游泳”。故选C。
18．句意：首先，他们去了酒店的游泳池，但有些酒店客人不喜欢他们。
communities社区；hotels酒店；schools学校；parks公园。根据下句提到的“some hotel guests”，可知他们去酒店游泳。故选B。
19．句意：Joe和Fonzie的故事真正开始了。
action行动；story故事；training训练；game游戏。根据“It’s a story about a friendship that started more than 20 years ago.”（这是一个始于20多年前关于友谊的故事。）可知此处指他们之间的故事。故选B。
20．句意：他喜欢和他一起玩耍和喂他。
supporting支持；following跟随；feeding喂；controlling控制。根据“Joe’s mother told him always to feed Fonzie using his left hand”（乔的妈妈总是告诉他用左手喂Fonzie）可知此处指“喂Fonzie”。故选C。
21．句意：乔的母亲告诉他总是用左手喂Fonzie，这样他就能经常活动左半身。
always总是；never从不；seldom几乎不；sometimes有时。根据句意“…so that he could move his left side of his body as often as possible.”可知此处填“总是”符合语境，因为这样可以她经常活动左半身。故选A。
22．句意：现在他已经30多岁了，非常健康。
lonely孤独的；famous著名的；safe安全的；well健康的。根据“Slowly, he got better and better.”可知此处指身体好，well表示“健康的”，形容词修饰人的身体状况。故选D。
23．句意：迪娜看到乔和Fonzie的友谊对他有很大帮助。
it它；her她；him他；those那些。根据文章内容可知“Joe”是男孩。故选C。
24．句意：所以，她和她的家人努力创建了一个叫做“岛上海豚护理中心”的地方，来帮助像乔一样的人。
record记录；open开启；need需要；reach到达。根据“…a place called Island Dolphin Care to help people like Joe.”句意可知，此处指开办了一个护理中心，此处填open符合语境。故选B。
25．句意：我和Fonzie有很多美好的时光。
used使用；wished希望；shared分享；made制作。根据“He was a great friend to me”可推知，此处指两者共度美好时光。故选C。
26．C 27．B 28．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了印度、德国和荷兰关于家庭的不同庆祝活动。
26．细节理解题。根据文中“Every year in India there is a festival called Thai Pongal. During the festival, families feed cows and birds to give thanks for these animals.”（在印度，每年都有一个名为Thai Pongal的节日。在节日期间，家家户户都喂牛和鸟来感谢这些动物。）可知，印度儿童在Thai Pongal节期间照看动物。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据文中“For the first day of school, parents give their children a large paper cone. Inside there are things for school.”（开学第一天，父母给他们的孩子一个大纸筒。里面有上学用的东西。）可知，开学第一天，父母给他们的孩子学习用品，所以在德国，字典可能是给孩子第一天上学最好的礼物。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据文中“Each member of the family writes their name on a piece of paper and puts it in a hat. Everyone then takes a name from the hat and writes a poem about this person.”（每个家庭成员都把他们的名字写在一张纸上，然后放进一顶帽子里。然后每个人从帽子里拿出一个名字，写一首关于这个人的诗。）可知，家庭成员要把名字写在一张纸上是为了让别人为他们写诗。故选A。
29．A 30．D 31．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了学校的机器人俱乐部以及俱乐部的活动。
29．细节理解题。根据“He loves everything about computers.”可知，他热爱和电脑有关的一切，说明他对电脑很感兴趣。故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据“I feel really excited when we show our robots to students from other schools. We never win, but that’s not important. The other students like watching our robot move. It feels great.”可知，当我们向其他学校的学生展示我们的机器人时，我感到非常兴奋。我们从来没有赢过，但这并不重要。其他学生喜欢看我们的机器人移动。感觉很棒。由此可知，我们俱乐部参加了机器人比赛来展示我们在机器人方面的能力。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据“Our school has a Robot Club and it’s wonderful.”及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了学校的机器人俱乐部以及俱乐部的活动。故选B。
32．C 33．B 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了人类身体的变化以及未来可能发生的变化。
32．推理判断题。根据下文“In the future, people will probably be even taller.”（未来，人们可能变得更高。）可知，下文是介绍人类未来的改变，可推断这句话是为了引出下文，故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据“Most of us now have much better food than people in the past and we grow more.”（我们中的大多数人现在比过去有更好的食物，我们种植得更多。）可知我们长得高是因为吃得好，故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据“So we can expect that our legs will get shorter and our feet smaller”（所以我们可以预期我们的腿会变短，我们的脚会变小）及“Now, what about the mouth It’ll get smaller”（嘴巴怎么办？会变小的）可知会变小的是脚和嘴，故选C。
35．主旨大意题。根据“What kind of changes can we expect ”（我们期望有哪种改变？）及下文介绍了一些可能的改变，可知短文主要讲述了人类身体的变化以及未来可能发生的变化。故选B。
36．A 37．D 38．A 39．C 40．D
【导语】本文短文选自《鲁滨逊漂流记》，主要写了主人公在一个荒岛上的生活。
36．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In the evenings I did some more work or I took out my pen and wrote about my life on the island. At 7 o’clock, I went to bed as it got dark early on the island.”（晚上，我又做了一些工作，或者拿出笔写下我在岛上的生活。7点，岛上天黑得很早，我就上床睡觉了。）可知，故事发生在岛上。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据表格中“I am alone.There is nobody here to talk to or to help me.”（我一个人。这里没有人可以和我说话或帮助我。）可知，没有人来帮助我，对“我”来说是坏事。故选D。
38．词义猜测题。根据第四段“I started by making my house stronger. I built thick walls and put branches on the roof to keep out the rain.”（我一开始就把房子盖得更结实。我建了厚墙，在屋顶上放了树枝来挡雨。）可知，“roof”是屋顶的意思。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In the mornings I went for a walk in the woods and hills with my dog.”（早上，我带着我的狗在树林和小山上散步。）可知，C项“早上我去树林里散步”表述正确。故选C。
40．推理判断题。根据第一段“The next day I looked for a pen and some paper among my things. I made two lists: one of all the bad things about my situation, and the other of all the good things.”（第二天，我在我的东西里找了一支笔和一些纸。我列出了两个清单：一个是关于我处境的所有坏事，另一个是所有好事。）结合全文内容，主要讲述了作者一个人在荒岛上的生活。我们从中可知，一个人可以尝试在糟糕的情况下找到好的东西。故选D。
41．B 42．A 43．F 44．D 45．C
【导语】本文主要写了世界各地的孩子们为了上学而不惧艰难的旅程，他们通过各种方式如步行、船、自行车、驴或火车来到学校。
41．根据第一段“There’re children in many different parts of the world who, every day, have to go on a difficult journey to get to school. They travel for kilometers on foot,or by boat, bicycle, donkey(驴) or train. They cross deserts(沙漠), mountains, rivers, snow and ice.”可知，此处表达世界上许多孩子要通过艰难的方式去上学，选项“许多国家的儿童都这样做，甚至做得更多。”符合语境。故选B。
42．根据“To get to school on time, some children in Indonesia have to cross a dangerous bridge.”可知讲的是桥，选项A“它在一条湍急的河流之上十米。”符合语境。故选A。
43．根据“He has to ride it with his friends for over an hour through a desert in the very dry area of northeast Brazil.”可推测，此处提到了一个男孩子。选项F“一个6岁的小男孩Fabricio每天早上骑着驴去上学。”符合语境。故选F。
44．根据“Every morning they walk along the railway to get to their school, 40 minutes away.”可推测，此处应该提到铁路。选项D“他们的家就在繁忙而危险的铁路附近。”符合语境。故选D。
45．根据“They hope to get a job and money so they can help their families and neighbors.”可知，对于这些通过艰难旅程上学的孩子来说，上学就意味着有好的未来。选项C“对他们来说，上学意味着更好的未来。”符合语境。故选C。
46．realized
【详解】句意：现在我已经认识到保护环境的重要性。根据“Now I have…”可以判断句子使用现在完成时，结构为：have/has+动词的过去分词形式，动词realize的过去分词为realized“意识到”，故填realized。
47．guide
【详解】句意: 我很高兴成为你们的导游，并且带你们参观我们美丽的城市盐城。根据提示“向导”可知是可数名词guide。主语是单数，因此guide用单数形式。故填guide。
48．either
【详解】句意：Gulliver无法理解这个小个子男人，也不知道该说什么。either“也”，为副词，通常位于否定句的句末。故填either。
49．purpose
【详解】句意：这项活动的目的是训练人们和那些特殊的运动员一起工作。purpose“目的”，可数名词，因谓语动词为is，所以设空处应用名词的单数形式，作主语。故填purpose。
50．proud
【详解】句意：我们中国人对神舟十六号的成功发射感到非常自豪。根据“We Chinese are so…of the successful launch of Shenzhou-16”可知空处应填形容词，形容词proud意为“自豪的”，短语be proud of...“对……感到自豪”为固定短语。故填proud。
51．wisely
【详解】句意：每个人都应该学会明智地保护自然资源。根据题干“Everyone should learn to protect natural resources”可知空处应填副词修饰动词“protect”，wise的副词形式为wisely“明智地”。故填wisely。
52．introduction
【详解】句意：介绍完之后，谈话开始滔滔不绝。introduce意为“介绍”，动词。根据句意和空前定冠词the可知，本句主语应是名词，introduce的名词形式为introduction。故填introduction。
53．impolite
【详解】句意：越过别人的盘子拿东西是不礼貌的。polite意为“有礼貌的”，形容词。It is+形容词+to do sth.意为“做某事是……”是固定句型。“reach over someone’s plate for something at table”意为“越过别人的盘子拿东西”，这种行为是不礼貌的，impolite 意为“不礼貌的”。故填impolite。
54．medical
【详解】句意：当地人民感谢医疗队所做的一切。根据“the ... team”可知此处用形容词作定语，medicine的形容词medical，意为“医疗的”。故填medical。
55．digging
【详解】句意：小男孩想，如果他继续挖下去，就能看到地球的另一边。短语keep doing sth意为“继续做某事”，空处应填动词dig的动名词形式digging。故填digging。
56．He is from South Africa. 57．Terrible illnesses. 58．They put it on their skin. 59．It saves lives and water.
60．He is smart and helpful.
【导语】本文主要讲述Ludwick Marishane发明了一种凝胶，方便人们在无法使用干净的水的时候使用，可防止因使用脏水而带来的疾病和节约水。
56．根据第一段“Ludwick Marishane, a young man from South Africa”可知，Ludwick Marishane来自南非。故填He is from South Africa.
57．根据第二段“This is a huge problem because dirty water causes terrible illnesses.”（这是一个巨大的问题,因为脏水会导致可怕的疾病。）可知，脏水会导致可怕的疾病。故填Terrible illnesses.
58．根据第三段“He wanted to make a gel(凝胶) for people to put on their skin so they don’t have to take a bath.”（他想制造一种人们涂在皮肤上的凝胶，这样他们就不用洗澡了。）可知，人们把这种凝胶涂在皮肤上。故填They put it on their skin.
59．根据第三段“He made the gel and called it ‘DryBath’. It looks like any other gel, but it isn‘t! It saves lives and it also helps save water!”（他制作了这种凝胶，并将其命名为“干浴”。它看起来和其他凝胶一样，但它不是！它拯救生命，也有助于节约用水！）可知，它拯救生命，也有助于节约用水。故填It saves lives and water.
60．根据“He wanted to make a gel(凝胶) for people to put on their skin so they don’t have to take a bath. He wrote the formula(配方) for the gel on his mobile phone. When he was at university, he never stopped thinking about his invention. Three years later the dream came true.”（他想制造一种人们涂在皮肤上的凝胶，这样他们就不用洗澡了。他把凝胶的配方写在手机上。当他上大学时，他从未停止过对他的发明的思考。三年后，梦想成真了。）可推断出，他聪明，且乐于助人。故填He is smart and helpful.
61．例文
Let’s take action!
We teenagers are the master of the future. On the one hand, we need to pay attention to manners. When traveling, you should shake hands with the person you first met. It is impolite to point your chopsticks at others while eating with them. And don’t make noise when you have your soup. What’s more, you should bring a gift when you are invited to a party and be sure to arrive on time or a few minutes earlier. On the other hand, our environment is changing for the worse, so it is time for us to go green! First of all, water is the source of life and every one of us should play a part in saving water. Secondly, we should use plastic bags less to reduce pollution. When we go to the supermarket, we should take a cloth bag with us. Last but not least, when we go out or travel, we should choose public transport as often as possible, because this will make less pollution.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要求已给出，学生不要遗漏题目中的要点，适当添加细节，写作时保持主谓一致，注意字数要求。
[写作步骤]
第一步，总起引出话题；
第二步，介绍在礼仪方面应该怎么做；
第三步，介绍在绿色环保方面应该怎么做。
[亮点词汇]
①pay attention to注意
②shake hands with sb与某人握手
③be sure to do sth一定要做某事
④play a part in doing sth在做某事中发挥作用
[高分句型]
①It is impolite to point your chopsticks at others while eating with them.（It固定句型）
②When we go to the supermarket, we should take a cloth bag with us.（时间状语从句）
答案第1页，共2页
答案第1页，共2页

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