资源简介 初中英语语法There be句型(讲解+练习)There be句型01概念引入There be 句型也叫“存在句”,表示“在某地/时有某物/人”。本节课我们要学习这个句型的构成、陈述句和疑问句的变化以及它与have的区别等。02用法讲解一、 There be句型的构成。“There be +某物/某人+某地/某时”;此结构表示“某地/某时有某人/某物”。句中的there是引导词,没有词义;be是句子的谓语动词;“某人/物”是句子的主语;因此这个句式其实是一个倒装句。(即:谓语或者谓语的一部分提到主语前面的句式。)例如: I am a student. 我是一个学生。(普通语序的句子) There is a girl in the classroom. 教室里有一个女孩儿。(There be 句型)二、There be句型用法。1. There be句型的谓语动词。There be句型中,句子的谓语动词是be,应该和后面的主语保持一致。当句子的主语是可数名词的单数或者是不可数名词的时候,be用is;如果句子的主语是可数名词的 复数形式,be用are。例如: There is some milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些牛奶。 There are some apples on the table. 桌子上有一些苹果。注意:如果有两个或者两个以上的主语,谓语和与它最近的主语保持一致,这叫就近原则。例如: There is a bed and two chairs in the bedroom. 卧室里有一张床和两把椅子。2. There be句型的句式变化。 (1)否定句There be句型的否定句是在连系动词be的后面直接加not。例如: There is not a boy in the room. 房子里没有一个男孩。 There isn’t any water in the bottle.瓶子里没有一些水。(2)一般疑问句There be句型的一般疑问句是把连系动词be提到句子的开头,要大写。它的肯定回答是:Yes, there is/are. 否定回答是:No, there isn’t / aren’t. 例如: -Are there any flowers in the garden 花园里有一些花吗? -Yes, there are. 是的,有一些。(3)特殊疑问句There be句型的特殊疑问句是用“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”构成的,有以下三种形式:①对主语提问时用who或者what;主语是人时用who, 是物时用what。其中there在口语中常常省略。例如: There is a bird in the tree. →What’s in the tree 树上有什么? There is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room 谁在房间里?注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。 There are some bikes over there. →What’s over there 那边有什么?② 对地点状语提问:用 “Where is \ are + 主语 ”表示(注意其答语变化)。例如: There is a computer in my office. 我的办公室有一台计算机。 → -Where is the computer 计算机在哪里? -It’s in my office. 在我办公室。 There are four children in the classroom. 教室里有四个孩子。 →-Where are the four children 四个孩子在哪里? -They’re in the classroom. 他们在教室。③ 对数量提问:一般有两种提问方式, 如果主语是可数名词,无论是单数还是复数,都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语?”;如果主语是不可数名词,则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语?”。例如: There are twelve months in a year. 一年有12个月。 →How many months are there in a year 一年有多少个月? There is only one book in my bag. 我的包里只有一本书。 →How many books are there in your bag 你的包里有几本书? There is a cat in the box. 箱子里有一只猫。 →How many cats are there in the box 箱子里有多少只猫? There is some money in my purse. 我的钱包里有一些钱。 →How much money is there in your purse 你的钱包里有多少钱?拓展:There be句型的反意疑问句用“陈述部分+be(not)there ”。例如: There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn’t there 花园里有一个漂亮的女孩,是吗? There are some books on the table, aren’t there 桌子上有些书,是吗? She isn’t a student, is she 她不是个学生,对吗?3. There be句型的各种时态。There be句型的各种时态是由be的变化来体现的,例如: 一般现在时中,be是am/is/are。 e.g. There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。 There are some flowers in the basket. 篮子里有些花。一般过去时中,be是 was/were。 e.g. There was a bike under the tree just now. 刚才树下有一辆自行车。 There were some students in the classroom last night. 昨天晚上教室里有些学生。一般将来时中,be的前面要加上be going to / will, 此时谓语是is/are going to be或者will be。e.g. There will be a match in our school tomorrow. = There is going to be a match in our school tomorrow. 明天我们学校将要有一场比赛。拓展:There be的中间可以用情态动词表示“可能有或者一定有”的意思。例如: There may be a tiger in the forest. 树林里可能有老虎。 There must be a boy crying in your room. 在你的房间里一定有一个男孩在哭。 There be句型中be动词在其它时态中的变化,我们可以在以后的学习中继续总结。巩固练习Ⅰ. 单项选择。1. There ______ a book and three pencils on the desk. A. be B. is C. are D. am2. _______ there a new bike in front of our classroom A. Is B. Are C. Do D. Does3. There ______ any books on your desk. A. aren’t B. isn’t C. don’t D. doesn’t4. ______ _______ apples are there on the table There are four. A. How much B. How many C. How large D. How big5. ______ ________ milk is there in the bottle There is little. A. How many B. How old C. How far D. How much6. ______ your father _____ a new car A. Is; there B. Are; there C. Does; have D. Do; has7. ______ less milk in this bottle than in that one. A. There have B. There has C. There is D. There are 8. —Again, my computer doesn’t work.— _______ must be something wrong with the CPU. A. There B. That C. It D. This9. There ______ a talk show on CCTV-3 at eight this evening. A. is going to be B. is going to have C. will have D. are going to be10. —There ______ no milk in the fridge. Could you got some for me, Dick — All right, Mum. A. is B. are C. was D. were【真题链接】1. There isn’t food in the fridge. A. some B. an C. a D. any2.—How many _______ are there on the table —Eighteen. A. milk B. milks C. bottle of milk D. bottles of milk3.There are________ in a year and December is ________ of the year. A.twelve month; the twelfth month B.the twelfth month; twelve months C.twelve months; twelfth month D.twelve months; the twelfth monthⅡ. 用be动词的适当形式填空。1. There _______(be)many things over there.2. There _______ (be) a little girl in the room.3. _______ there any water on the moon 4. _______ (be) there any pictures on the wall 5. There _______ (be not) a bike behind the tree.6. There ________ (be) a dictionary and two books on the desk.7. There ________ (be) some juice in the glass.Ⅲ. 句型转换。1. There are some cars and buses on the street. (改为一般疑问句)_______ there _______ cars or buses on the stress 2. Is there a pay phone across from the library (做否定回答)No, _______ ________ .3. There is a piece of paper on the table. (改为一般疑问句)______ there ______ piece of paper on the table 4. There are two pay phones in the neighborhood. (改为否定句)There ________ two pay phones in the neighborhood 5. There are 15 children in our class. (对划线部分提问)_______ ______ children _______ _______ in your class 参考答案Ⅰ. 单项选择。1. B。本句子是考查there be句型的主语和谓语保持一致的用法,在这个句型中be和与它最近的主语保持一致,a book是单数,所以be要用is。2. A。本句子是考查there be的一般疑问句,不能用助动词do或者does,直接把be提到句子开头。本句子的主语是a new bike 所以be要用is,在句子的开头要大写。3. A。本句子是考查there be的否定句,这个句型的否定句是在be的后面直接加not,不能用助动词don’t或者doesn’t。后面的名词是复数形式,所以用aren’t。4. B。本句子是考查表示“多少”的短语的用法,how many和how much都可以表示“多少”,但是how many的后面用可数名词的复数形式;how much的后面用不可数名词。本句子的名词apples是可数名词的复数形式,所以用how many。5. D。本句子是考查表示“多少”的短语的用法,how many和how much都可以表示“多少”,但是how many的后面用可数名词的复数形式;how much的后面用不可数名词。本句子的名词milk是不可数名词,所以用how much。6. C。本句子是考查表示“某人有某物”的用法,要用动词have/has,不能用there be句型。本句子的主语是第三人称单数,所以用助动词does构成一般疑问句,does的后面用动词原形,故选C。7. C。句意:这个瓶里的牛奶比那个瓶里的少。本题考查There be 句型。There have形式不对,故排除A、B项;milk为不可数名词,故排除D项,正确答案为C。8. A。句意:—我的电脑又出故障了。—它的CPU肯定出问题了。There is something wrong with…是固定句式,意为:……有毛病了或者出故障了。情态动词must在此表示肯定的推测。9. A。本题考查There be 句型的用法。有句中的时间可知此句为一般将来时。一般将来时的There be 应该是There is/are going to be / There will be,故只有A项正确。10. A。这是当前的对话,所以不用一般过去时,排除C、D项;milk 为不可数名词,故选A。【真题链接】1.D。food这里是不可数名词,不能选B和C。some一般用在肯定句,any一般用在否定句。2.D。how many后加可数名词的复数,milk是不可数名词,所以只有bottles符合题意。3. D。十二个月的正确表达是“twelve months”。第十二个月的正确表达是“the twelfth month”。Ⅱ. 用be动词的适当形式填空。1. are 2. is 3. Is 4. Are 5. isn’t 6. is 7. isⅢ. 句型转换。1. Are, any 2. there, isn’t 3. Is, a 4. aren’t 5. How, many, are, there 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览