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贵州省六盘水市2022-2023学年八年级下学期期中英语试卷（解析版）
六、完形填空（共两节，15 小题；满分20 分）阅读下面短文，从短文前的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一个为多余选项。（共5 小题；每小题1 分，满分5 分）
23．（5分）
A.so that B.if C.before D.use E.even F.until
In our life and study，we often meet some strangers（陌生人）.We need to communicate with them and（1）　 　 make friends with them.But sometimes it's difficult for us to do that.Why not（2）　 　 these ways？I think they may be helpful.
First，don't be afraid.Although we don't know each other before，we can also have a good talk with them.Second，find something in common.You will not have a lot to say（3）　 　you find the common things.Third，keep smiling（微笑）.Smile is a sign to show your kindness.You should be friendly to others（4）　 　they will feel comfortable to communicate with you.
Talking with strangers is not difficult（5）　 　you often practice.Don't worry about what kind of people you will meet.Just be yourself.
七、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
24．（10分）One day，Tom Shepherd rode home after swimming.（1）　 　，one wheel of his bike broke!He thought no one could help him.
"Do you need some help？"He（2）　 　and saw his friend Jeff's father.Tom replied，"Well，I have no idea about it."
Jeff's dad said，"I think you should get the（3）　 　fixed first.I have a friend who may help you.Why don't we（4）　 　it to his home？"
Tom's eyes lit up with hope.They removed the wheel and put（5）　 　in the back of the truck.When they were in the man's home，Tom took out his wallet when the man was（6）　 　the wheel，hoping that he had enough money to pay for it.
"It's free，" the man said.Tom felt（7）　 　and he thanked him a lot.And the man（8）　 　that he just expected Tom would help others in the future.After the（9）　 　，Jeff's dad quickly drove Tom back.Tom knew he could never have managed anything（10）　 　such amazingly unexpected help.Since then，he always helps others when they are in trouble.
（1） A.Finally B.Happily C.Suddenly
（2） A.looked for B.looked up C.looked after
（3） A.wheel B.fruit C.gift
（4） A.send B.stop C.give
（5） A.them B.it C.its
（6） A.repairing B.riding C.selling
（7） A.bored B.worried C.surprised
（8） A.guessed B.advised C.explained
（9） A.communication B.preparation C.development
（10） A.by B.without C.at
八、阅读下面三个语篇，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共12 小题；每小题5 分，满分30 分）
25．（10分）It's important for children to do some exercise and help their parents with housework.What do you usually do in your free time？Last month we asked 100 students about their free time activities.Here are the results.
（1）How many students do exercise at least three times a week？ 　 　
A.25.
B.35.
C.60.
（2）What kind of sports do most students like doing according to the results？ 　 　
A.Playing balls.
B.Running.
C.Going swimming.
（3）What can we learn from the results in ③and ④？ 　 　
A.Most students like folding the clothes.
B.The students like sweeping the floor best.
C.Most students help their parents with housework.
（4）What's the passage mainly about？ 　 　
A.Some results about doing sports.
B.Some results about doing housework.
C.Some results about students' activities.
26．（10分）Sleep is a physical and mental（精神的）need.We all need to sleep，though the sleep hours are different from person to person.Doctors do not know why we need sleep，but they all agree that sleep is very important to us.Without enough sleep，the body may be weak.
One﹣third of adults have sleeplessness（失眠）.There are over 80 kinds of sleep﹣related disorders（疾病）.However，other adults are lucky and have no sleeping problems.They sleep as soon as their heads hit the pillows.Do you sleep well？If you have sleeplessness，here are a few suggestions.
Make a timetable，and stick to it
We need to sleep regularly（规律地）.If your bedtime and wake﹣up time change from day to day or on weekends，your sleep rhythms（节律）aren't predicted and the body doesn't know how to act.So it's important to have a regular wake﹣up time，even on weekends，vacations or after a night of poor sleep.
Don't lie in bed awake
"The best sleep tip you can give somebody is to get up — don't lie in bed awake，" sleep expert Grandner said. "Whether it's the beginning of the night or the middle of the night，if you've been awake for 20 or 30 minutes，get up and reset（重新调整）.Maybe you just need five minutes to sleep，or maybe an hour，but don't spend that time awake in bed."
Change your attitude about sleep
"Many people regard sleeping as the final thing they have to do for daily activities.They would like to work or watch TV very late rather than sleep on time.That thought needs to be changed，" Grandner said.
"Don't see your sleep as the time you have left in your day， " he advised. "See your sleep as the time you need in order to prepare yourself for an energetic（精力充沛的）tomorrow."
"It may sound like a small change in thinking，but it's an important one，" Grandner added.
（1）What may happen to the body without enough sleep？ 　 　
A.The body may be weak.
B.The body may be heavy.
C.The body may be strong.
（2）What does the first suggestion in the passage tell us？ 　 　
A.It's not necessary to sleep regularly.
B.It's not necessary to wake up regularly.
C.We should always sleep and wake up regularly.
（3）If you've been awake for 20 or 30 minutes at night，the best sleep tip is 　 　 .
A.drinking some hot tea
B.getting up and resetting
C.closing your eyes and lying on the bed
（4）Which suggestion is NOT mentioned in the passage？ 　 　
A.Make a timetable，and stick to it.
B.Don't lie in bed awake.
C.Listen to bedtime stories.
27．（10分）Everyone lives in the community（社区）from the day he was born.Often，some small things may cause the relations between each other worse and worse.However，if we can stand in others' shoes，we may understand their feelings.
There are some things that have to do with understanding.They are moods（情绪），feelings，tiredness and illness.This means that if a person is in a good mood，he will help and understand others；if one person feels angry，he probably doesn't want to understand other people.
So learning some skills can help us understand each other better.Listening is one of the best ways to understand how others feel.If people are talking，listen carefully.This will make them feel good.
Sometimes，because we only think our own opinions are right，then we have the thoughts that anything we say is 100% right.No matter what others say，we just refuse to listen.As a result，both sides won't accept each other and misunderstanding happens in this way.
No matter what kind of roles we are playing，when having different opinions or meeting difficulties，we should calm down（镇静）and think in another way.
（1）How can we understand others？ 　 　
A.By standing in their shoes.
B.By asking them to calm down at first.
C.By stopping talking and following our hearts.
（2）People refuse to listen to whatever others say because they 　 　.
A.are too angry to listen to others
B.think their own opinions are right
C.aren't interested in what others say
（3）What does the underlined word "misunderstanding" mean in Chinese？ 　 　
A.欺骗
B.误会
C.挑战
（4）What is the main idea of the passage？ 　 　
A.People should get on well with others.
B.Many things have to do with understanding.
C.People should try to understand each other.
九、句子还原（共5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
28．（10分）What makes a good volunteer？Do you know what qualities（品质）a good volunteer needs？（1）　 　
Working well with others is a key quality.（2）　 　They can work with people from all different walks of life，and play different roles and do different things at different times.
Patience（耐心）is one of the important qualities for a good volunteer.Most groups need to do a hundred things at once，so not everything moves as quickly as expected.（3）　 　Patience is also important for volunteers who will work for children or the old with special needs.
Volunteers often leave a comfortable environment because they need to learn new things and face new difficulties.（4）　 　So it's important to stay positive（积极的）and keep doing the work at hand.
（5）　 　We should try our best to learn how to do it.
A.Sometimes they may be in trouble.
B.It's important to be a patient volunteer.
C.Parents should let children be volunteers.
D.In a word，it's not easy to be a good volunteer.
E.Here are three answers to these two questions.
F.The best volunteers are comfortable to work in ever﹣changing teams
十、任务型阅读（共5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分）阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空或回答问题。
29．（10分）It can be very dangerous if there is a flood.It can happen suddenly and usually wash everything away.
What should you do when a flood comes？Please read the following information carefully.
★Stay away from rivers and bridges，because floods can cause rivers to move quickly and bridges to break.
★Listen to emergency broadcasts（应急广播）for more information.If it asks you to move somewhere else，do so.
★If you are staying inside a car，get out when the water begins to flood the car.Then move to the top of it.
★If you have to stay in a building at the time of a flood，move to the highest floor.Move to the top of the building if needed.Then ask for help and let others know where you are（such as drawing SOS）.
★ Don't get close to power lines（ 电 线 ），because they may hurt you during strong storms and floods.A fallen power line can cause water near to become dangerous.
（1）According to the passage a flood can usually 　 　.
（2）We should stay away from rivers and bridges when floods come，because floods can cause rivers to move quickly and 　 　.
（3）If we are staying inside a car，we should get out of it and move to 　 　it.
（4）There are 　 　 information are mentioned in the passage.
（5）What's the passage mainly about？ 　 　
十一.据中文意思，补全英语译文。（5 小题，每小题2 分，满分10 分；每空限填一词，缩写算一词）
30．（2分）当你遇到麻烦时，请随时给我打电话。
Please call me at any time when you 　 　trouble.
31．（10分）We all hear of an old saying which says "Health is wealth（财富）".It does not matter if we are rich or poor.When we are healthy，we have wealth.Health is surely the most important thing in our lives and it is（1）　 　（certain） more important than wealth.This（2）　 　（mean）that we should care more about our health than wealth.
We will run（3）　 　of wealth some day，but a healthy body will not go away from us.We can still make a living by working without wealth.If we lose our health，wealth will not be（4）　 　（use）for us.So we should always remember to（5）　 　（keep）healthy.
Eating（6）　 　（habit）are of great importance for a healthy life.We should eat more fresh vegetables and fruit to get more energy（能量）.But in（7）　 　（today） world，there is lots of junk food.People like to eat it（8）　 　they could make them sick.
Because of the busy work，people don't have much time to make healthy food.（9）　 　I still hope they could try to cook by（10）　 　（they） as much as possible.It is a good way to stay away from some illnesses（疾病）like a stomachache.
32．（2分）玛丽是我最好的朋友，她一直都在我身边。
Mary is my best friend and she is by my side 　 　.
33．（2分）垃圾分类有助于解决很多问题，比如资源浪费。
Garbage sorting can help 　 　many problems，such as waste of resources.
34．（2分）记得在上交试卷之前，再次确保你写了名字。
Remember to 　 　you write your name again before you hand in your test paper.
35．（2分）我长大后想建立一所学校来帮助那些不能上学的孩子们。
I want to 　 　a school to help children who are unable to go to school when I grow up.
十三．写作（满分25 分）
36．（25分）假如你是李华，随着劳动教育深入校园和家庭，你校上周末开展了"Household Chores（家务劳动）"的实践活动，该实践活动引起了你的外国好友Doris 的兴趣。请你根据以下导图内容，用英语写一封邮件，向Doris 介绍你在此活动中做过的家务，并谈谈你的感受。
要求：参考以上提示信息，可适当发挥；
语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整；
邮件中不得出现真实个人信息；
词数80 左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
Household Chores
Dear Doris，
I heard that you're interested in our school activity about Household Chores last weekend.Now I'd like to tell you something about my Sunday.
Yours，
Li Hua
参考答案与试题解析
六、完形填空（共两节，15 小题；满分20 分）阅读下面短文，从短文前的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一个为多余选项。（共5 小题；每小题1 分，满分5 分）
23．（5分）
A.so that B.if C.before D.use E.even F.until
In our life and study，we often meet some strangers（陌生人）.We need to communicate with them and（1）　E　 make friends with them.But sometimes it's difficult for us to do that.Why not（2）　D　 these ways？I think they may be helpful.
First，don't be afraid.Although we don't know each other before，we can also have a good talk with them.Second，find something in common.You will not have a lot to say（3）　F　you find the common things.Third，keep smiling（微笑）.Smile is a sign to show your kindness.You should be friendly to others（4）　A　they will feel comfortable to communicate with you.
Talking with strangers is not difficult（5）　B　you often practice.Don't worry about what kind of people you will meet.Just be yourself.
【分析】本文主要介绍了如何与陌生人交流。
【解答】（1）考查副词。句意：我们需要和他们交流，甚至和他们交朋友。根据In our life and study，we often meet some strangers（陌生人）.（在我们的生活和学习中，我们经常会遇到一些陌生人。）可知，我们需要和他们交流，甚至和他们交朋友，因此选even。故选E。
（2）考查动词。句意：为什么不使用这些方法？根据下文First（首先）Second（其次）和Third（第三）可知，此处是建议用这些方法，因此选use。故选D。
（3）考查连词。句意：在你找到共同点之前，你不会有很多话要说。根据Second，find something in common.（第二，找到共同点。）可知，在你找到共同点之前，你不会有很多话要说，因此选until"直到"。故选F。
（4）考查连词。句意：你应该对别人友好，这样他们就会觉得和你交流很舒服。根据You should be friendly to others（你应该对别人友好）可知，目的是为了让他们觉得和你交流很舒服，因此选so that引导目的状语从句。故选A。
（5）考查连词。句意：如果你经常练习，和陌生人交谈并不难。根据句意可知，前后构成条件状语从句，因此选if"如果"。故选B。
【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。
七、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
24．（10分）One day，Tom Shepherd rode home after swimming.（1）　C　，one wheel of his bike broke!He thought no one could help him.
"Do you need some help？"He（2）　B　and saw his friend Jeff's father.Tom replied，"Well，I have no idea about it."
Jeff's dad said，"I think you should get the（3）　A　fixed first.I have a friend who may help you.Why don't we（4）　A　it to his home？"
Tom's eyes lit up with hope.They removed the wheel and put（5）　B　in the back of the truck.When they were in the man's home，Tom took out his wallet when the man was（6）　A　the wheel，hoping that he had enough money to pay for it.
"It's free，" the man said.Tom felt（7）　C　and he thanked him a lot.And the man（8）　C　that he just expected Tom would help others in the future.After the（9）　A　，Jeff's dad quickly drove Tom back.Tom knew he could never have managed anything（10）　B　such amazingly unexpected help.Since then，he always helps others when they are in trouble.
（1） A.Finally B.Happily C.Suddenly
（2） A.looked for B.looked up C.looked after
（3） A.wheel B.fruit C.gift
（4） A.send B.stop C.give
（5） A.them B.it C.its
（6） A.repairing B.riding C.selling
（7） A.bored B.worried C.surprised
（8） A.guessed B.advised C.explained
（9） A.communication B.preparation C.development
（10） A.by B.without C.at
【分析】短文主要写了汤姆骑车回家时车轮坏了，他觉得没人能帮他，但是杰夫的爸爸主动提出帮助他修车，他们把车轮放在卡车后面，送到了一个人家里修理，修好后那个人说是免费的，汤姆非常感激，并发誓以后也要帮助别人。
【解答】（1）考查副词。句意：突然，他自行车的一个轮子坏了！A最后；B快乐地；C突然。根据上文One day，Tom Shepherd rode home after swimming.（一天，汤姆 谢泼德游泳后骑车回家。）可知，他自行车的车轮坏了是很突然的事情。故选C。
（2）考查短语。句意：他向上看，看到了他的朋友杰夫的父亲。A寻找；B向上看；C照顾。根据上文 "Do you need some help？"（"你需要帮助吗？"）及空后and saw his friend Jeff's father（看到了他的朋友杰夫的父亲）可知，汤姆向上看。故选B。
（3）考查名词。句意：杰夫的爸爸说："我认为你应该先把车轮修好。A车轮；B水果；C礼物。根据上文one wheel of his bike broke!（他自行车的一个轮子坏了！）可知，需要修好的是车轮。故选A。
（4）考查动词。句意：我们为什么不把它送到他家呢？"A送；B停止；C给。根据空后it to his home（它到他的家）可知，杰夫的爸爸建议把车轮送到他朋友的家。故选A。
（5）考查代词。句意：他们把轮子取下来，放在卡车的后面。A它们；B它；C它的。根据空前They removed the wheel（他们把轮子取下来）可知，他们把它放在了卡车后面。故选B。
（6）考查动词。句意：当他们在那个人家里的时候，那个人正在修理轮子，汤姆拿出了他的钱包，希望他有足够的钱来支付。A修理；B骑；C卖。根据下文hoping that he had enough money to pay for it.（希望他有足够的钱来支付。）可知，那个人在修理车轮。故选A。
（7）考查形容词。句意：汤姆感到很惊讶，他非常感谢他。A无聊的；B担心的；C惊讶的。根据上文"It's free，" the man said.（"这是免费的，"那人说。）可知，汤姆感到很惊讶。故选C。
（8）考查动词。句意：这个人解释说他只是希望汤姆将来能帮助别人。A猜测；B建议；C解释。根据上文Tom felt surprised and he thanked him a lot.（汤姆感到很惊讶，他非常感谢他。）可知，这个人解释说他只是希望汤姆将来能帮助别人。故选C。
（9）考查名词。句意：交流完毕后，杰夫的爸爸迅速开车送汤姆回去。A交流；B准备；C发展。根据上文.And the man explained that he just expected Tom would help others in the future.（这个人解释说他只是希望汤姆将来能帮助别人。）可知，交流完之后，杰夫的爸爸迅速开车送汤姆回去。故选A。
（10）考查介词。句意：汤姆知道如果没有这样出人意料的帮助，他什么也办不成。A通过；B没有；C在。根据空前Tom knew he could never have managed anything（汤姆知道如果他什么也办不成）可知，如果没有这样出人意料的帮助。故选B。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
八、阅读下面三个语篇，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共12 小题；每小题5 分，满分30 分）
25．（10分）It's important for children to do some exercise and help their parents with housework.What do you usually do in your free time？Last month we asked 100 students about their free time activities.Here are the results.
（1）How many students do exercise at least three times a week？ 　C　
A.25.
B.35.
C.60.
（2）What kind of sports do most students like doing according to the results？ 　B　
A.Playing balls.
B.Running.
C.Going swimming.
（3）What can we learn from the results in ③and ④？ 　C　
A.Most students like folding the clothes.
B.The students like sweeping the floor best.
C.Most students help their parents with housework.
（4）What's the passage mainly about？ 　C　
A.Some results about doing sports.
B.Some results about doing housework.
C.Some results about students' activities.
【分析】本文主要介绍了一些关于学生自由时间活动的调查图表。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一个图表Everyday：35以及3﹣5 times：25，可知每周至少做三次锻炼的学生人数为25+35＝60人，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二个图表run：48%.（跑步：48%。）可知大多数学生喜欢跑步，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三个图表Everyday：35和Often：40，以及第四个图表do some dishes：40%，可推知大多数学生帮助他们的父母做家务，故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段What do you usually do in your free time？Last month we asked 100 students about their free time activities.Here are the results.（你在空闲时间通常做什么？上个月，我们询问了100名学生关于他们业余活动的情况。以下是结果。）结合下文，可知本文主要介绍了关于学生活动的一些结果，故选C。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
26．（10分）Sleep is a physical and mental（精神的）need.We all need to sleep，though the sleep hours are different from person to person.Doctors do not know why we need sleep，but they all agree that sleep is very important to us.Without enough sleep，the body may be weak.
One﹣third of adults have sleeplessness（失眠）.There are over 80 kinds of sleep﹣related disorders（疾病）.However，other adults are lucky and have no sleeping problems.They sleep as soon as their heads hit the pillows.Do you sleep well？If you have sleeplessness，here are a few suggestions.
Make a timetable，and stick to it
We need to sleep regularly（规律地）.If your bedtime and wake﹣up time change from day to day or on weekends，your sleep rhythms（节律）aren't predicted and the body doesn't know how to act.So it's important to have a regular wake﹣up time，even on weekends，vacations or after a night of poor sleep.
Don't lie in bed awake
"The best sleep tip you can give somebody is to get up — don't lie in bed awake，" sleep expert Grandner said. "Whether it's the beginning of the night or the middle of the night，if you've been awake for 20 or 30 minutes，get up and reset（重新调整）.Maybe you just need five minutes to sleep，or maybe an hour，but don't spend that time awake in bed."
Change your attitude about sleep
"Many people regard sleeping as the final thing they have to do for daily activities.They would like to work or watch TV very late rather than sleep on time.That thought needs to be changed，" Grandner said.
"Don't see your sleep as the time you have left in your day， " he advised. "See your sleep as the time you need in order to prepare yourself for an energetic（精力充沛的）tomorrow."
"It may sound like a small change in thinking，but it's an important one，" Grandner added.
（1）What may happen to the body without enough sleep？ 　A　
A.The body may be weak.
B.The body may be heavy.
C.The body may be strong.
（2）What does the first suggestion in the passage tell us？ 　C　
A.It's not necessary to sleep regularly.
B.It's not necessary to wake up regularly.
C.We should always sleep and wake up regularly.
（3）If you've been awake for 20 or 30 minutes at night，the best sleep tip is 　B　 .
A.drinking some hot tea
B.getting up and resetting
C.closing your eyes and lying on the bed
（4）Which suggestion is NOT mentioned in the passage？ 　C　
A.Make a timetable，and stick to it.
B.Don't lie in bed awake.
C.Listen to bedtime stories.
【分析】本文主要讲述了睡眠的重要性并提出了一些改善睡眠质量的建议。
【解答】细节理解题。
（1）根据第一段Without enough sleep，the body may be weak.（没有足够的睡眠，身体可能会很虚弱。）可知，睡眠不足身体可能会很虚弱。故选A。
（2）根据第四段We need to sleep regularly（规律地）.（我们需要有规律地睡觉。）和So it's important to have a regular wake﹣up time，even on weekends，vacations or after a night of poor sleep.（所以有规律的起床时间很重要，即使是在周末、假期或一夜没睡好之后。）可知，文章中的第一个建议告诉我们应该有规律地睡觉和起床。故选C。
（3）根据第六段Whether it's the beginning of the night or the middle of the night，if you've been awake for 20 or 30 minutes，get up and reset（重新调整）.（不管是凌晨还是半夜，如果你已经醒了20到30分钟，那就起来重新调整一下。）可知，如果你晚上醒了20到30分钟，最好的睡眠技巧是起来重新调整。故选B。
（4）通读全文，根据第三段Make a timetable，and stick to it（制定时间表，并严格执行）和第五段Don't lie in bed awake（不要醒着躺在床上）及第七段Change your attitude about sleep（改变你对睡眠的态度）可知，文章改善睡眠质量的建议中并没有提到C项"Listen to bedtime stories.（睡前听故事。）"，故选C。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
27．（10分）Everyone lives in the community（社区）from the day he was born.Often，some small things may cause the relations between each other worse and worse.However，if we can stand in others' shoes，we may understand their feelings.
There are some things that have to do with understanding.They are moods（情绪），feelings，tiredness and illness.This means that if a person is in a good mood，he will help and understand others；if one person feels angry，he probably doesn't want to understand other people.
So learning some skills can help us understand each other better.Listening is one of the best ways to understand how others feel.If people are talking，listen carefully.This will make them feel good.
Sometimes，because we only think our own opinions are right，then we have the thoughts that anything we say is 100% right.No matter what others say，we just refuse to listen.As a result，both sides won't accept each other and misunderstanding happens in this way.
No matter what kind of roles we are playing，when having different opinions or meeting difficulties，we should calm down（镇静）and think in another way.
（1）How can we understand others？ 　A　
A.By standing in their shoes.
B.By asking them to calm down at first.
C.By stopping talking and following our hearts.
（2）People refuse to listen to whatever others say because they 　B　.
A.are too angry to listen to others
B.think their own opinions are right
C.aren't interested in what others say
（3）What does the underlined word "misunderstanding" mean in Chinese？ 　B　
A.欺骗
B.误会
C.挑战
（4）What is the main idea of the passage？ 　C　
A.People should get on well with others.
B.Many things have to do with understanding.
C.People should try to understand each other.
【分析】本文主要讲述了人们生活在社区中，有时候一些小事情会导致彼此之间的关系越来越糟糕。然而，如果我们能够站在别人的角度去看待问题，我们可能会理解他们的感受。理解需要关注情绪、感受、疲劳和疾病等方面。这意味着如果一个人心情好，他会帮助和理解别人；如果一个人感到愤怒，他可能不想理解别人。因此，学习一些技巧可以帮助我们更好地理解彼此。其中，倾听是了解他人感受的最佳方式之一。如果人们在交谈，我们应该认真倾听，这会让他们感到舒适。有时候，因为我们认为自己的观点是正确的，我们会认为我们说的话是100%正确的。无论别人说什么，我们都拒绝听取。结果，双方都不会接受对方，误解就这样发生了。无论我们扮演什么角色，在有不同意见或遇到困难时，我们都应该冷静下来，换个角度去思考问题。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段尾句"However，if we can stand in others' shoes，we may understand their feelings."（然而，如果我们能够站在别人的角度，我们就可能理解他们的感受。）可知，通过站在别人的角度去想，我们就能够理解别人，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第四段中"Sometimes，because we only think our own opinions are right，then we have the thoughts that anything we say is 100% right.No matter what others say，we just refuse to listen."（有时，因为我们只是认为自己的观点是正确的，就认为我们说的任何事物都是100%正确的。不管别人说什么，我们只是拒绝听。）可知，不论别人说什么，始终拒绝听的原因是自己认为所说的事情100%是正确的，认为自己的观点是对的，故选B。
（3）词义猜测题。根据前文"As a result，both sides won't accept each other"（结果，双方都不会接受对方）可知，双方相互不沟通不理解，这样就会导致误解，因此划线词是"误解或误会"的意思，故选B。
（4）主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段"No matter what kind of roles we are playing，when having different opinions or meeting difficulties，we should calm down（镇静）and think in another way."（无论我们扮演什么样的角色，当有不同意见或遇到困难的时候，我们应该冷静下来，用另一种方式思考。）可知，文章主要通过列举和理解相关的事情，分析产生误解的原因，来劝说人们应该尽力相互理解，故选C。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
九、句子还原（共5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
28．（10分）What makes a good volunteer？Do you know what qualities（品质）a good volunteer needs？（1）　E　
Working well with others is a key quality.（2）　F　They can work with people from all different walks of life，and play different roles and do different things at different times.
Patience（耐心）is one of the important qualities for a good volunteer.Most groups need to do a hundred things at once，so not everything moves as quickly as expected.（3）　B　Patience is also important for volunteers who will work for children or the old with special needs.
Volunteers often leave a comfortable environment because they need to learn new things and face new difficulties.（4）　A　So it's important to stay positive（积极的）and keep doing the work at hand.
（5）　D　We should try our best to learn how to do it.
A.Sometimes they may be in trouble.
B.It's important to be a patient volunteer.
C.Parents should let children be volunteers.
D.In a word，it's not easy to be a good volunteer.
E.Here are three answers to these two questions.
F.The best volunteers are comfortable to work in ever﹣changing teams
【分析】文章主要介绍了成为一个好的志愿者应该具备的三个优秀品质。
【解答】细节推理题。
（1）根据前文What makes a good volunteer？Do you know what qualities（品质）a good volunteer needs？（是什么造就了一名优秀的志愿者？你知道一个好的志愿者需要什么素质吗？）可知，空处应是说和这两个问题有关的话题。选项E"以下是这两个问题的三个答案。"符合语境。故选E。
（2）根据后句They can work with people from all different walks of life，and play different roles and do different things at different times.（他们可以与各行各业的人一起工作，在不同的时间扮演不同的角色，做不同的事情。）可知，空处应是说好的志愿者应该能够适应各种各样的团队。选项F"最好的志愿者能够适应不断变化的团队"符合语境。故选F。
（3）根据后句Patience is also important for volunteers who will work for children or the old with special needs.（耐心对于那些将为有特殊需求的儿童或老人工作的志愿者来说也很重要。）可知，空处应是说做一个有耐心的志愿者很重要。选项B"做一个有耐心的志愿者很重要。"符合语境。故选B。
（4）根据后句So it's important to stay positive（积极的）and keep doing the work at hand.（因此，保持积极的心态并继续做好手头的工作是很重要的。）可知，空处应是说志愿者工作的难处。选项A"有时他们可能会遇到麻烦。"符合语境。故选A。
（5）根据后句We should try our best to learn how to do it.（我们应该尽力学习怎么做。）可知，空处应是对志愿者工作的总结。选项D"总之，要成为一名优秀的志愿者并不容易。"符合语境。故选D。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出中心句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。
十、任务型阅读（共5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分）阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空或回答问题。
29．（10分）It can be very dangerous if there is a flood.It can happen suddenly and usually wash everything away.
What should you do when a flood comes？Please read the following information carefully.
★Stay away from rivers and bridges，because floods can cause rivers to move quickly and bridges to break.
★Listen to emergency broadcasts（应急广播）for more information.If it asks you to move somewhere else，do so.
★If you are staying inside a car，get out when the water begins to flood the car.Then move to the top of it.
★If you have to stay in a building at the time of a flood，move to the highest floor.Move to the top of the building if needed.Then ask for help and let others know where you are（such as drawing SOS）.
★ Don't get close to power lines（ 电 线 ），because they may hurt you during strong storms and floods.A fallen power line can cause water near to become dangerous.
（1）According to the passage a flood can usually 　wash everything away　.
（2）We should stay away from rivers and bridges when floods come，because floods can cause rivers to move quickly and 　bridges to break　.
（3）If we are staying inside a car，we should get out of it and move to 　the top of　it.
（4）There are 　five pieces of　 information are mentioned in the passage.
（5）What's the passage mainly about？ 　What should we do when a flood comes？　
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。短文主要介绍了洪水的特点以及当洪水来临时我们该如何应对。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段内容：It can happen suddenly and usually wash everything away.（它可能突然发生，通常会把一切都冲走。）由此可知，洪水通常会突然发生，并会把一切都冲走。故答案为：wash everything away。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段内容：Stay away from rivers and bridges，because floods can cause rivers to move quickly and bridges to break.（远离河流和桥梁，因为洪水会导致河流快速移动，桥梁断裂。）由此可知，洪水会导致河流快速移动，桥梁断裂。故答案为：bridges to break。
（3）细节理解题。根据第五段内容：If you are staying inside a car，get out when the water begins to flood the car.Then move to the top of it.（如果你待在车里，当水开始淹没车的时候就出来。然后移到车的顶部。）由此可知，如果你待在车里，应该从车里出来然后移到车的顶部。故答案为：the top of。
（4）推理判断题。根据短文中的★的数量可知，一共给出了五个信息。故答案为：five pieces of。
（5）主旨大意题。短文第一段介绍了洪水的特点：It can be very dangerous if there is a flood.It can happen suddenly and usually wash everything away.（如果发生洪水，那将是非常危险的。它可能突然发生，通常会把一切都冲走。）第二段用提问的方式问大家：What should you do when a flood comes？（当洪水来临时你该怎么办？）后面的3，4，5，6，7段分别以★为特征介绍了应对突发，很危险的洪水时该采取何种避难方式。因此本文的主要内容就是：当洪水来临时我们该怎么办？故答案为：What should we do when a flood comes？
【点评】题目类型比较单一，只有回答问题题型时，需要先判断题目是细节题还是主旨题，然后在相应地方找到答案，最后整理好写出来，最后检查回答的句子是否符合题意，首字母是否大写，句尾标点是否正确。
十一.据中文意思，补全英语译文。（5 小题，每小题2 分，满分10 分；每空限填一词，缩写算一词）
30．（2分）当你遇到麻烦时，请随时给我打电话。
Please call me at any time when you 　get into　trouble.
【分析】当你遇到麻烦时，请随时给我打电话。
【解答】短语get into trouble"遇到麻烦"，是动词短语，根据题意，是一般现在时态，主语是you，get用动词原形。
故答案为：get into。
【点评】根据句意及所给汉语提示，符合语法知识，写出答案。
31．（10分）We all hear of an old saying which says "Health is wealth（财富）".It does not matter if we are rich or poor.When we are healthy，we have wealth.Health is surely the most important thing in our lives and it is（1）　certainly　（certain） more important than wealth.This（2）　means　（mean）that we should care more about our health than wealth.
We will run（3）　out　of wealth some day，but a healthy body will not go away from us.We can still make a living by working without wealth.If we lose our health，wealth will not be（4）　useful　（use）for us.So we should always remember to（5）　keep　（keep）healthy.
Eating（6）　habits　（habit）are of great importance for a healthy life.We should eat more fresh vegetables and fruit to get more energy（能量）.But in（7）　today's　（today） world，there is lots of junk food.People like to eat it（8）　although/though/even if/even though　they could make them sick.
Because of the busy work，people don't have much time to make healthy food.（9）　But　I still hope they could try to cook by（10）　themselves　（they） as much as possible.It is a good way to stay away from some illnesses（疾病）like a stomachache.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要强调了健康比财富更重要。
【解答】（1）考查副词。句意：健康无疑是我们生活中最重要的东西，而且肯定比财富更重要。此时空格中要填入的是一个副词，因为要用来修饰句子的表语部分：more important than wealth，需要将所给的形容词变成相应的副词即可，故答案为：certainly。
（2）考查动词。句意：这意味着我们应该更关心我们的健康而不是财富。句中缺少谓语，主语是第三人称单数，再结合全文的时态都是一般现在时，因此动词填入它的第三人称单数形式，故答案为：means。
（3）考查副词。句意：我们总有一天会耗尽财富，但健康的身体不会离我们而去。根据句意：我们总有一天会耗尽财富，此时动词run后需要副词out，一起构成固定搭配：run out of sth.意思是"用光、用尽某物"，故答案为：out。
（4）考查形容词。句意：如果我们失去了健康，财富对我们也就没有用了。根据空格位置可知，在be后需要一个形容词，再结合句意：如果我们失去了健康，财富对我们也就没有用了。由于前面有否定词not，此时要填入的形容词是useful，意思是"有用的"，故答案为：useful。
（5）考查动词形式。句意：所以我们应该永远记住要保持健康。句中的keep healthy是一个固定搭配，意思是"保持健康"，前有to，此时动词直接填入原形即可。故答案为：keep。
（6）考查名词复数。句意：饮食习惯对健康的生活很重要的。句子缺少主语，根据空格后的are可知，前面要用名词的复数形式，habit是可数名词，它的复数形式是habits，句子的主语就是：eating habits；故答案为：habits。
（7）考查名词所有格。句意：但是在当今世界，有很多垃圾食品。结合句意可知，所给的名词today和后面的名词world之间是所有格关系，即：今天的世界，因为today是单数，它的所有格形式直接在后面加's即可，故答案为：today's。
（8）考查连词。句意：人们喜欢吃它，虽然/即使可能会让他们生病。根据前后句的句意可知，后面的是一个让步状语从句，即：虽然/即使垃圾食品可能会让他人们生病，人们也是喜欢吃的。引导词although/though意思是"尽管"，而even if/even though意思是"即使"都是可以的，故答案为：although/though/even if/even though。
（9）考查连词。句意：由于工作繁忙，人们没有太多的时间来做健康的食物，但我仍然希望他们尽可能多地尝试自己做饭。根据前后句之间的句意可知，它们是转折关系，即：由于工作繁忙，人们没有太多的时间来做健康的食物，但我仍然希望……，因此连词but符合此空，故答案为：But。
（10）考查反身代词。句意：由于工作繁忙，人们没有太多的时间来做健康的食物，但我仍然希望他们尽可能多地尝试自己做饭。介词by后加反身代词，表示"靠自己"，此时代词they的反身代词是themselves，故答案为：themselves。
【点评】语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
32．（2分）玛丽是我最好的朋友，她一直都在我身边。
Mary is my best friend and she is by my side 　all the time　.
【分析】玛丽是我最好的朋友，她一直都在我身边。
【解答】一直all the time，是副词短语，作状语。
故答案为：all the time。
【点评】汉译英，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。
33．（2分）垃圾分类有助于解决很多问题，比如资源浪费。
Garbage sorting can help 　solve　many problems，such as waste of resources.
【分析】垃圾分类有助于解决很多问题，比如资源浪费。
【解答】句子缺少"解决"，是动词solve。help do sth."帮忙做某事"固定搭配，填动词原形。
故答案为：solve。
【点评】需要积累一些词汇或固定用法，然后看看是否有语法错误，是否完整等。注意时态、人称等变化，最后检查单词拼写。
34．（2分）记得在上交试卷之前，再次确保你写了名字。
Remember to 　make sure　you write your name again before you hand in your test paper.
【分析】记得在上交试卷之前，再次确保你写了名字。
【解答】短语make sure"确保"，是动词短语。短语remember to do sth."记得去做某事"。
故答案为：make sure。
【点评】根据句意及所给汉语提示，符合语法知识，写出答案。
35．（2分）我长大后想建立一所学校来帮助那些不能上学的孩子们。
I want to 　set up　a school to help children who are unable to go to school when I grow up.
【分析】我长大后想建立一所学校来帮助那些不能上学的孩子们。
【解答】根据所给中文和英语信息提示可知，需要补充的内容是：建立；这是一个动词短语：set up；句中前面有to，因此直接填入动词原形即可。
故答案为：set up。
【点评】将所给的中文和已经给出的英文进行比对，确定需要完成部分，再进一步判断时态，句型或短语等，将答案填入空格中，最后复读检查。
十三．写作（满分25 分）
36．（25分）假如你是李华，随着劳动教育深入校园和家庭，你校上周末开展了"Household Chores（家务劳动）"的实践活动，该实践活动引起了你的外国好友Doris 的兴趣。请你根据以下导图内容，用英语写一封邮件，向Doris 介绍你在此活动中做过的家务，并谈谈你的感受。
要求：参考以上提示信息，可适当发挥；
语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整；
邮件中不得出现真实个人信息；
词数80 左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
Household Chores
Dear Doris，
I heard that you're interested in our school activity about Household Chores last weekend.Now I'd like to tell you something about my Sunday.
Yours，
Li Hua
【分析】【高分句型一】
First，I made the bed as soon as I got up.首先，我一起床就整理床铺。
as soon as一……就……，引导时间状语从句。
【高分句型二】
I also learned how to share housework with family.我还学会了如何与家人分担家务。
how+to do，"特殊疑问词+动词不定式"作宾语。
【解答】
Household Chores
Dear Doris，
I heard that you're interested in our school activity about Household Chores last weekend.Now I'd like to tell you something about my Sunday.First，I made the bed as soon as I got up.【高分句型一】It was not difficult for me at all.Then I tried cooking breakfast for my family.Although eggs and hot milk was a simple meal，it was popular with my parents and my brother.After that，I did the dishes and folded the clothes which were a little boring.At last，I cleaned the living room with beautiful music on.（做的家务活）That was interesting and made me relaxed.I think doing household chores is easy.
In a word，I had fun doing some household chores although I was tired.I also learned how to share housework with family.【高分句型二】（做家务的感受）
Yours，
Li Hua
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。

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